Hollow shaft blank friction welding opening

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hollow shaft blank friction welding port which comprises a first hollow shaft and a second hollow shaft, the end face of the first hollow shaft is a first welding face, the end face of the second hollow shaft is a second welding face, the first welding face corresponds to the second welding face, a first prefabricated groove is formed in the inner circumference of the first welding face, and a second prefabricated groove is formed in the inner circumference of the second welding face. A first prefabricated groove is formed in the inner circumference of the first welding face, a second prefabricated groove is formed in the inner circumference of the second welding face, the first prefabricated groove corresponds to the second prefabricated groove, and through the asymmetric structure of the first prefabricated groove and the second prefabricated groove, different first hollow shafts and second hollow shafts are correspondingly adjusted in a targeted mode. The inner circumferential diameter of the plastic metal and the inner circumferential diameter of the second hollow shaft are kept consistent, the plastic metal is prevented from protruding to form large flashes, the speed that the plastic metal on the two sides is converted into high circumferential expansion due to opposite pressure in the friction heat production stage is effectively reduced, and the filling rate of the plastic metal is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid phase welding, in particular to a friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank. Background Art

[0002] The stepped hollow shaft can adapt well to the different stress levels along the axis direction in the mechanical operation system, improve the performance of the motor for long-term operation, and is increasingly used in new energy vehicles.

[0003] Friction welding is a solid-phase welding technology that uses the friction surface to generate heat. The heat is concentrated on the joint surface, the heat-affected zone is narrow, the welding strength is high, and dissimilar metals can be welded to achieve material customization of different steps.

[0004] The existing welding joint structure has the following shortcomings: curling is inevitable during the friction welding process of the hollow shaft, and the curling of the inner cavity after welding is completed is difficult to remove, which affects the coolant flow resistance of the hollow shaft. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a friction welding joint for a hollow shaft blank in view of the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings, thereby improving the overall work efficiency.

[0006] The technical problems solved by the utility model are:

[0007] During the friction welding process of the hollow shaft, curling is inevitable. The curling of the inner cavity after welding is difficult to remove, which affects the coolant flow resistance of the hollow shaft.

[0008] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank, comprising a first hollow shaft and a second hollow shaft, the end face of the first hollow shaft is set as a first welding face, the end face of the second hollow shaft is set as a second welding face, the first welding face and the second welding face correspond to each other, a first prefabricated groove is opened on the inner periphery of the first welding face, a second prefabricated groove is opened on the inner periphery of the second welding face, the first prefabricated groove and the second prefabricated groove correspond to each other.

[0009] Preferably, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the first hollow shaft and the second hollow shaft are consistent, and the thickness of the first hollow shaft and the second hollow shaft are both between five millimeters and ten millimeters.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical cross-section of the first prefabricated groove is arc-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the second prefabricated groove and the first prefabricated groove are in an asymmetric structure.

[0012] Preferably, the second prefabricated groove is provided with a first inclined surface, a second inclined surface, a flow-guiding arc surface and a flow-guiding bottom surface in sequence from an end close to the second welding surface to an end away from the second welding surface.

[0013] Preferably, the vertical cross-section of the first prefabricated groove is an arc structure, the curvature of the first prefabricated groove is between 3π / 7 and 4π / 7, and the ratio of the width of the first welding surface to the arc radius of the first prefabricated groove is between 13:20 and 16:20.

[0014] Preferably, the ratio of the width d of the second prefabricated groove to the thickness of the second hollow shaft is between 1:6 and 3:8, the angle between the first slope and the vertical side surface in the vertical section is an acute angle, and the angle between the first slope and the vertical side surface in the vertical section ranges from forty degrees to fifty degrees, and the projection length of the first slope in the horizontal direction on the vertical section ranges from half a millimeter to one millimeter.

[0015] Preferably, the angle between the second inclined surface and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is an obtuse angle, and the angle between the second inclined surface and the vertical side surface on the vertical section ranges from 100 degrees to 120 degrees, and the projection length of the second inclined surface in the horizontal direction on the vertical section ranges from 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the curvature of the guide arc surface is between 4π / 7 and 5π / 7, the radius of the guide arc surface is between 1.5 mm and 2 mm, the projection length of the second prefabricated groove in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is between four mm and six mm, the guide bottom surface and the inner circumferential side surface of the second hollow shaft are perpendicular to each other, the width of the guide bottom surface is between 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm, and the guide bottom surface and the second inclined surface are tangent to the second hollow shaft in the vertical section.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0018] (1) During operation, the first hollow shaft is clamped by a jaw clamp and a push rod, and the second hollow shaft is clamped by a spindle clamp, and the first hollow shaft and the second hollow shaft are kept coaxial. The second hollow shaft is first rotated around the axis by the spindle clamp, and then the first hollow shaft is brought closer to the second hollow shaft by the jaw clamp and the push rod, so that the first welding surface of the first hollow shaft and the second welding surface of the second hollow shaft are butted and rubbed, the friction interface is heated, and radial plastic flow occurs in the metal of the welding zone. When the temperature value of the welding zone reaches the expected temperature value, the upsetting braking is started, and the upsetting pressure is maintained for a period of time. After the workpiece stops rotating, the welding is completed. When the welding is completed, the plastic metal moves into the first prefabricated groove and the second prefabricated groove, so that the first hollow shaft and the second hollow shaft of different materials can be fully connected together through friction welding, and the thickness of the connection part is consistent with the two, and at the same time, the generation of internal curling can be greatly reduced, and the internal curling bulge of friction welding can be reduced;

[0019] (2) During operation, the arc structure of the first prefabricated groove guides the flow of the plastic metal and forms a volume area with a larger capacity to accommodate the plastic metal, thereby reducing the height of the plastic metal protruding from the inner peripheral side wall of the first hollow shaft, facilitating accurate estimation of the volume of the plastic metal and the flow rate of the plastic metal, thereby facilitating accurate control of the inner flash and preventing the inner flash from protruding excessively. The asymmetric structure of the first prefabricated groove and the second prefabricated groove effectively reduces the speed at which the plastic metal on both sides is converted into a higher circumferential expansion due to the counter pressure during the friction heat generation stage, thereby improving the filling rate of the plastic metal;

[0020] (3) During operation, the angle between the first inclined surface and the vertical side surface in the vertical section is an acute angle, and the angle between the second inclined surface and the vertical side surface in the vertical section is an obtuse angle, so that the convex portion formed by the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface controls the flow speed and flow range of the plastic metal. By adjusting the angle of the second inclined surface, the curvature and radius of the guide arc surface are adjusted, thereby adjusting the volume of the second prefabricated groove for the plastic metal, and then adjusting the convex height of the inner flash generated by the plastic metal. Targetedly, corresponding adjustments are made to different first hollow shafts and second hollow shafts to avoid the appearance of inner flash and form an optimal connection structure, further promoting the inner diameter of the plastic metal to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second hollow shaft, avoiding the plastic metal convexity to form a large flash, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the inner flash. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a partial structural front view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the first prefabricated groove of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the second prefabricated groove of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial structural sectional view of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 A local structural cross-sectional view when the first welding surface and the second welding surface are planes;

[0029] Figure 8 A local structural cross-sectional view when the first welding surface and the second welding surface are convex chamfers;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view when the first welding surface and the second welding surface are chamfered at 45 degrees;

[0031] Fig.10 A local structural cross-sectional view when the first welding surface and the second welding surface are concave chamfers;

[0032] In the figure: 1, first hollow shaft; 2, second hollow shaft; 11, first welding surface; 12, first prefabricated groove; 21, second welding surface; 22, second prefabricated groove; 221, first inclined surface; 222, second inclined surface; 223, guide arc surface; 224, guide bottom surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined purpose, the specific implementation method, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0034] See also Figure 1-10 As shown: a friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank, comprising a first hollow shaft 1 and a second hollow shaft 2, the end surface of the first hollow shaft 1 is set as a first welding surface 11, the end surface of the second hollow shaft 2 is set as a second welding surface 21, the first welding surface 11 and the second welding surface 21 correspond to each other, the inner circumference of the first welding surface 11 is provided with a first prefabricated groove 12, the inner circumference of the second welding surface 21 is provided with a second prefabricated groove 22, the first prefabricated groove 12 and the second prefabricated groove 22 correspond to each other;

[0035] The inner diameter and outer diameter of the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 are consistent, and the thickness of the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 is between five millimeters and ten millimeters. In this embodiment, the thickness is seven millimeters;

[0036] When this embodiment is working, the first hollow shaft 1 is clamped by the jaw clamp and the push rod, and the second hollow shaft 2 is clamped by the spindle clamp, and the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 are kept coaxial, and the second hollow shaft 2 is first rotated around the axis by the spindle clamp, and then the first hollow shaft 1 is brought closer to the second hollow shaft 2 by the jaw clamp and the push rod, so that the first welding surface 11 of the first hollow shaft 1 and the second welding surface 21 of the second hollow shaft 2 are butted and rubbed, the friction interface is heated, and the metal in the welding zone undergoes radial plastic flow. When the temperature value of the welding zone reaches the expected temperature value, the upsetting braking is started, and the upsetting pressure is maintained for a period of time. The welding is completed after the workpiece stops rotating. When completed, the plastic metal moves into the first prefabricated groove 12 and the second prefabricated groove 22, so that the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 of different materials can be fully and tightly connected together through friction welding, and the thickness of the connecting part is consistent with the two, and at the same time, the generation of internal curling can be greatly reduced, and the protrusion of the internal curling of friction welding can be reduced.

[0037] The vertical section of the first prefabricated groove 12 is arc-shaped. When working, the first prefabricated groove 12 guides the flow of plastic metal through the arc-shaped vertical section structure, and forms a volume area with a larger capacity to accommodate the plastic metal, thereby reducing the height of the plastic metal protruding from the inner peripheral side wall of the first hollow shaft 1.

[0038] The second prefabricated groove 22 is asymmetrical with the first prefabricated groove 12. During operation, the asymmetrical structure of the first prefabricated groove 12 and the second prefabricated groove 22 effectively reduces the speed at which the plastic metals on both sides are converted into a higher circumferential expansion due to the pressure generated by friction during the heat generation stage, thereby improving the filling rate of the plastic metal.

[0039] The second prefabricated groove 22 is provided with a first inclined surface 221, a second inclined surface 222, a guide arc surface 223 and a guide bottom surface 224 in sequence from one end close to the second welding surface 21 to the other end away therefrom. The first inclined surface 221 and the second inclined surface 222 are used to control the flow speed of the plastic metal toward the guide bottom surface 224, and the guide arc surface 223 is used to control the storage capacity of the plastic metal, thereby increasing the capacity for accommodating the plastic metal, further promoting the inner diameter of the plastic metal to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second hollow shaft 2, thereby avoiding the plastic metal protrusion to form a larger burr, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the inner burr.

[0040] The vertical cross-section of the first prefabricated groove 12 is an arc structure, the curvature b of the first prefabricated groove 12 is between 3π / 7 and 4π / 7, and the ratio of the width a of the first welding surface 11 to the arc radius c of the first prefabricated groove 12 is between 13:20 and 16:20. The arc structure of the first prefabricated groove 12 facilitates accurate estimation of the volume of the plastic metal contained therein and the flow rate of the plastic metal, thereby facilitating accurate control of the inner flash and preventing the inner flash from being excessively protruding.

[0041] The ratio of the width d of the second prefabricated groove 22 to the thickness of the second hollow shaft 2 is between 1:6 and 3:8, the angle e between the first inclined surface 221 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is an acute angle, and the range of the angle e between the first inclined surface 221 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is between forty degrees and fifty degrees, the range of the projection length f of the first inclined surface 221 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is between half a millimeter and one millimeter, the angle g between the second inclined surface 222 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is an obtuse angle, and the range of the angle g between the second inclined surface 222 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is between 100 degrees and 120 degrees, and the second inclined surface 221 is an obtuse angle. The projection length h of 222 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is in the range of 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm, the curvature i of the guide arc surface 223 is in the range of 4π / 7 to 5π / 7, the radius j of the guide arc surface 223 is in the range of 1.5 mm to 2 mm, the projection length m of the second prefabricated groove 22 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is in the range of 4 mm to 6 mm, the guide bottom surface 224 is perpendicular to the inner peripheral side surface of the second hollow shaft 2, the width of the guide bottom surface 224 is in the range of 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm, and the guide bottom surface 224 and the second inclined surface 222 are tangent to the second hollow shaft 2 on the vertical section;

[0042] By making the angle e between the first inclined surface 221 and the vertical side surface in the vertical section an acute angle and the angle g between the second inclined surface 222 and the vertical side surface in the vertical section an obtuse angle, the convex portion formed by the first inclined surface 221 and the second inclined surface 222 controls the flow speed and flow range of the plastic metal. By adjusting the angle g of the second inclined surface 222, the curvature i and radius j of the guide arc surface 223 are adjusted, thereby adjusting the volume of the second prefabricated groove 22 for the plastic metal, and then adjusting the convex height of the inner flash generated by the plastic metal, and correspondingly adjusting the different first hollow shafts 1 and the second hollow shafts 2 to avoid the appearance of inner flash and form an optimal connection structure.

[0043] An optimal example of this embodiment is that the width d of the second pre-groove 22 is two millimeters, the angle e between the first inclined surface 221 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is forty-five degrees, the angle g between the second inclined surface 222 and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is one hundred degrees, the projection length f of the first inclined surface 221 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is 0.75 millimeters, the projection length h of the second inclined surface 222 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is three millimeters, and the projection length m of the second pre-groove 22 in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is five millimeters.

[0044] When the utility model is in use, the staff clamps the first hollow shaft 1 through the jaw clamp and the push rod, clamps the second hollow shaft 2 through the spindle clamp, and keeps the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 coaxial, first rotates the second hollow shaft 2 around the axis through the spindle clamp, and then brings the first hollow shaft 1 closer to the second hollow shaft 2 through the jaw clamp and the push rod, so that the first welding surface 11 of the first hollow shaft 1 and the second welding surface 21 of the second hollow shaft 2 are butted and rubbed, the friction interface is heated, and the metal in the welding zone undergoes radial plastic flow. When the temperature value of the welding zone reaches the expected temperature value, the upsetting braking starts, and the upsetting pressure is maintained for a period of time. After the workpiece stops rotating, the welding is completed. When the workpiece stops rotating, the plastic metal moves into the first prefabricated groove 12 and the second prefabricated groove 22, so that the first hollow shaft 1 and the second hollow shaft 2 of different materials can be fully and tightly connected together through friction welding, and the thickness of the connecting part is consistent with the two, and at the same time, the generation of internal curling can be greatly reduced, and the protrusion of the internal curling of friction welding can be reduced;

[0045] During operation, the arc structure of the first prefabricated groove 12 allows the first prefabricated groove 12 to guide the flow of the plastic metal and form a volume area with a larger capacity to accommodate the plastic metal, thereby reducing the height of the plastic metal protruding from the inner peripheral side wall of the first hollow shaft 1, facilitating accurate estimation of the volume of the plastic metal and the flow rate of the plastic metal, thereby facilitating accurate control of the inner flash edge and preventing the inner flash edge from protruding excessively. The asymmetric structure of the first prefabricated groove 12 and the second prefabricated groove 22 effectively reduces the speed at which the plastic metal on both sides is converted into a higher circumferential expansion due to the counter pressure during the friction heat generation stage, thereby improving the filling rate of the plastic metal.

[0046] During operation, the angle e between the first inclined surface 221 and the vertical side surface in the vertical section is an acute angle, and the angle g between the second inclined surface 222 and the vertical side surface in the vertical section is an obtuse angle, so that the convex portion formed by the first inclined surface 221 and the second inclined surface 222 controls the flow speed and flow range of the plastic metal. By adjusting the angle g of the second inclined surface 222, the curvature i and radius j of the guide arc surface 223 are adjusted, thereby adjusting the volume of the second prefabricated groove 22 for the plastic metal, and then adjusting the convex height of the inner flash generated by the plastic metal. Targeted corresponding adjustments are made to different first hollow shafts 1 and second hollow shafts 2 to avoid the appearance of inner flash and form an optimal connection structure, further promoting the inner diameter of the plastic metal to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second hollow shaft 2, avoiding the plastic metal convexity to form a larger flash, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the inner flash.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first hollow shaft (1) and a second hollow shaft (2), wherein the end surface of the first hollow shaft (1) is set as a first welding surface (11), and the end surface of the second hollow shaft (2) is set as a second welding surface (21), the first welding surface (11) and the second welding surface (21) correspond to each other, the inner circumference of the first welding surface (11) is provided with a first prefabricated groove (12), the inner circumference of the second welding surface (21) is provided with a second prefabricated groove (22), and the first prefabricated groove (12) and the second prefabricated groove (22) correspond to each other; The inner diameter and outer diameter of the first hollow shaft (1) and the second hollow shaft (2) are consistent, and the thickness of the first hollow shaft (1) and the second hollow shaft (2) are both between five millimeters and ten millimeters; The vertical cross section of the first prefabricated groove (12) is arc-shaped; The second prefabricated groove (22) and the first prefabricated groove (12) are in an asymmetric structure; The second prefabricated groove (22) is provided with a first inclined surface (221), a second inclined surface (222), a flow guiding arc surface (223) and a flow guiding bottom surface (224) in sequence from an end close to the second welding surface (21) to an end away from the second welding surface (21).

2. The friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vertical cross-section of the first prefabricated groove (12) is an arc structure, the curvature of the first prefabricated groove (12) is between 3π / 7 and 4π / 7, and the ratio of the width of the first welding surface (11) to the arc radius of the first prefabricated groove (12) is between 13:20 and 16:

20.

3. The friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of the width of the second prefabricated groove (22) to the thickness of the second hollow shaft (2) is between 1:6 and 3:8, the angle between the first inclined surface (221) and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is an acute angle, and the angle between the first inclined surface (221) and the vertical side surface on the vertical section ranges from 40 degrees to 50 degrees, and the projection length of the first inclined surface (221) in the horizontal direction on the vertical section ranges from half a millimeter to one millimeter.

4. The friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The included angle between the second inclined surface (222) and the vertical side surface on the vertical section is an obtuse angle, and the included angle between the second inclined surface (222) and the vertical side surface on the vertical section ranges from 100 degrees to 120 degrees, and the projected length of the second inclined surface (222) in the horizontal direction on the vertical section ranges from 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm.

5. The friction welding joint of a hollow shaft blank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The curvature of the guide camber (223) is between 4π / 7 and 5π / 7, the radius of the guide camber (223) is between 1.5 mm and 2 mm, the projection length of the second prefabricated groove (22) in the horizontal direction on the vertical section is between four mm and six mm, the guide bottom surface (224) and the inner peripheral side surface of the second hollow shaft (2) are perpendicular to each other, the width of the guide bottom surface (224) is between 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm, and the guide bottom surface (224) and the second inclined surface (222) are both tangent to the second hollow shaft (2) on the vertical section.

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