Plasma air purification device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of air purification devices, and provides a plasma air purification device which comprises a duct device and a fan, the fan is installed at an air inlet of the duct device, and a filter module, a purification layer, a tail gas treatment layer and a battery module are installed in the duct device. The purification layer comprises an insulating shell mounted in the duct device and a plurality of spiral electrodes mounted on the inner wall of the insulating shell in an array manner; the battery module is electrically connected with the fan and the spiral electrode; the purification layer, the spiral electrode and the tail gas treatment layer are arranged, stable glow discharge plasma is formed, due to the electron collapse effect in the glow discharge process, some gas molecules can be attached to electrons to become negative ions, the good effect of freshening air can be achieved, and the air quality is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of air purification devices, in particular to a plasma air purification device. Background Art

[0002] In order to effectively solve the current complex indoor air pollution, the most widely used decontamination products on the market are ultra-high efficiency filter layers developed by combining HEPA and activated carbon technologies. Some products also use negative ion, ultraviolet and electrostatic dust removal technologies. With more than ten years of gradual development and progress, plasma technology has become a new high-tech technology in the field of air purification with its superior decontamination performance and environmental friendliness. The current plasma technology uses sufficient voltage to break down the air to produce a large number of free radicals, strong oxidizing particles, high-energy electrons and other gaseous substances with extremely high chemical and physical activity. Plasma degrades volatile organic compounds in the air such as formaldehyde and benzene series through chemical reactions with the various oxidizing substances it contains. In addition, the high-voltage electric field it is in can absorb tiny particles, and the ozone as a by-product also has a strong bactericidal ability. In short, plasma has strong decontamination ability, and both formaldehyde and TVOC, two major pollutants, can be efficiently degraded. Microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and spores can also be removed, and harmlessness can be achieved.

[0003] Most of the existing plasma decontamination products use corona discharge to generate plasma to remove pollutants, or add an activated carbon adsorption layer and a primary filtration layer on the basis of corona discharge. The removal effect on the main pollutant formaldehyde is average.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a plasma air purification device to solve the problems raised by the background technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a plasma air purification device to solve the problem that most of the plasma decontamination products in the prior art use corona discharge to generate plasma to remove pollutants, or add an activated carbon adsorption layer and a primary filter layer on the basis of corona discharge, and the removal effect on the main pollutant formaldehyde is general.

[0006] A plasma air purification device comprises a duct device and a fan, wherein the fan is installed at the air inlet of the duct device, and a filter module, a purification layer, an exhaust gas treatment layer and a battery module are installed inside the duct device;

[0007] The purification layer comprises an insulating shell installed in the duct device and a plurality of spiral electrodes installed in an array on the inner wall of the insulating shell; the battery module is electrically connected to the fan and the spiral electrodes.

[0008] Preferably, the spiral electrode comprises a metal anode, an insulating medium layer and a carbon fiber cathode; the metal anode and the insulating medium layer are both hollow cylinders, and the metal anode is sleeved in the insulating medium layer; the carbon fiber cathode is spirally sleeved around the insulating medium layer.

[0009] Preferably, the filter module includes a cardboard frame installed in the duct device, a fiber filter element installed on the inner wall of the cardboard frame, and a galvanized wire mesh installed on the air inlet and outlet ends of the cardboard frame, and aluminum corners are fixedly connected to the four corners of the cardboard frame.

[0010] Preferably, a barrier is also installed in the duct device, and the barrier is located between the filter module and the purification layer.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment layer includes a PMMA shell installed in the duct device, an aluminum filter installed in the PMMA shell, a filter cotton layer installed at the air inlet of the aluminum filter, and an adsorption catalytic layer installed in the PMMA shell.

[0012] Preferably, the adsorption catalytic layer is filled with manganese dioxide and activated carbon.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The utility model forms a stable glow discharge plasma by arranging a purification layer, a spiral electrode and an exhaust gas treatment layer. Due to the electron collapse effect in the glow discharge process, some gas molecules can attach electrons to become negative ions, which can play a good role in refreshing the air and greatly improve the air quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the filtering module;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the purification layer;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tail gas treatment layer;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spiral electrode;

[0020] Figure 6 It is the electric field line vector distribution diagram of spiral electrode;

[0021] Figure 7 This is the spatial electric field distribution diagram of the spiral electrode.

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 1. Duct device; 2. Fan; 3. Filter module; 301. Cardboard frame; 302. Aluminum corners; 303. Fiber filter element; 304. Galvanized wire mesh; 4. Purification layer; 401. Insulation shell; 402. Spiral electrode; 403. Metal anode; 404. Insulation medium layer; 405. Carbon fiber cathode; 5. Exhaust treatment layer; 501. PMMA shell; 502. Aluminum filter; 503. Filter cotton layer; 504. Adsorption catalytic layer; 6. Battery module; 7. Barrier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following is a further detailed description of the implementation of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Example: As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 7 As shown: The utility model provides a plasma air purification device, comprising a duct device 1 and a fan 2, the fan 2 is installed at the air inlet of the duct device 1, and a filter module 3, a purification layer 4, an exhaust gas treatment layer 5 and a battery module 6 are installed inside the duct device 1;

[0026] The purification layer 4 includes an insulating shell 401 installed in the duct device 1 and a plurality of spiral electrodes 402 installed in an array on the inner wall of the insulating shell 401 ; the battery module 6 is electrically connected to the fan 2 and the spiral electrodes 402 ; the battery module 6 supplies high-frequency and high-voltage alternating current to the spiral electrodes 402 .

[0027] The spiral electrode 402 includes a metal anode 403, an insulating medium layer 404 and a carbon fiber cathode 405; the metal anode 403 and the insulating medium layer 404 are both hollow cylinders, and the metal anode 403 is sleeved in the insulating medium layer 404; the carbon fiber cathode 405 is spirally sleeved around the insulating medium layer 404.

[0028] The filter module 3 includes a cardboard frame 301 installed in the duct device 1, a fiber filter element 303 installed on the inner wall of the cardboard frame 301, and a galvanized wire mesh 304 installed on the air inlet and air outlet ends of the cardboard frame 301. Aluminum corners 302 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the cardboard frame 301. The filter module 3 is made of a filter element made of high-density filter fiber material, which has the characteristics of light weight, low cost and good ventilation.

[0029] A barrier 7 is also installed in the duct device 1 , and the barrier 7 is located between the filter module 3 and the purification layer 4 .

[0030] The exhaust gas treatment layer 5 includes a PMMA shell 501 installed in the duct device 1, an aluminum filter 502 installed in the PMMA shell 501, a filter cotton layer 503 installed at the air inlet of the aluminum filter 502, and an adsorption catalytic layer 504 installed in the PMMA shell 501. The adsorption catalytic layer 504 is filled with manganese dioxide and activated carbon.

[0031] The metal anode 403 is covered by a thin insulating medium layer 404, and the outermost layer is a strand of carbon fiber with a diameter of micrometer level, which is staggered and tightly wound on the insulating medium layer 404 in a certain tilt direction, showing a spiral shape, and serves as the cathode during discharge; the electron escape ability of carbon fiber with the same surface area is weaker than that of metal, which is particularly important for the control of the initial electron density of glow discharge, and can effectively suppress the generation of violent discharge and streamer channels, and carbon fiber has a lower field emission threshold, can produce a larger amount of plasma, and has a good diffusion effect, which can form a plasma layer that evenly wraps the discharge electrode; the carbon fiber cathode 405 uses a carbon fiber bundle, which is composed of thousands of finer fiber filaments, and the discharge effect combines the characteristics of single-sided dielectric barrier discharge and micro discharge;

[0032] The insulating dielectric layer 404 is made of polymer electret material; electret is a metastable polarized dielectric that takes a long time to reach thermal equilibrium, and the charge it carries is almost permanent. Many polymers can be made into electrets, such as polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyester, polyethylene, etc.; these compounds have good ductility and can be used as flexible films to wrap bare metal electrodes to form an insulating layer, and there are potential wells composed of various oxides, impurities, molecular chains, etc. on the surface of the electret, which can capture and absorb nearby positive and negative charges, equivalent to charge traps. Therefore, the polymer electret has a good charge storage capacity. During the glow discharge process, it can absorb a large number of electrons at the head of the electron avalanche to form wall charges to prevent violent discharge. At the same time, in the second half of the cycle, the "stored" charge is pulled out under the action of the external electric field to become the initial electron for use; therefore, using the polymer electret material as an insulating layer is conducive to forming a stable atmospheric pressure glow discharge.

[0033] In the simulation setting, the thickness of the insulating dielectric layer 404 is 50 μm, the metal anode 403 is loaded with a voltage of 1800 V, and the carbon fiber cathode 405 is used as the cathode. The specific simulation results are as follows: Figure 3-7As shown. There is a dense strong electric field around the cathode, reaching a maximum of 2.694×108V / m at the insulator close to the cathode, and most of the right area also reached 2.545×106V / m, and the distribution is relatively uniform. From a microscopic point of view, under AC high voltage input, during the positive half-cycle, the plasma is first generated near the insulator close to the cathode. During the discharge process, due to the tiny structure of the fiber filaments with a diameter of several μm, the discharge channel formed along the curved electric field line is short, which shortens the distance of the electrons and reduces the number of collisions. In addition, there are potential wells on the surface of the polymer insulating material covered on the anode surface to capture electrons to form wall charges. The semiconductor properties of carbon fibers are difficult to be knocked out of electrons by positive ions. These all play a role in inhibiting the development of electron avalanches, maintaining the plasma density in a suitable range and limiting the occurrence of filamentary discharges. In the negative half-cycle, the wall charges are released from the medium to act as secondary electrons to maintain a new round of discharge, and finally form a macroscopic millimeter-level atmospheric pressure glow plasma.

[0034] The composition of volatile gases that affect indoor air quality is very complex, including benzene, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, etc.; unlike formaldehyde, which is a single treatment target, these pollutants are ultimately composed of several major elements, such as C, H, O, and N. The removal mechanism in glow discharge plasma is generally the same, similar to formaldehyde.

[0035] The physical and chemical reactions that occur during all degradation processes can be described in the following aspects:

[0036] (1) Stimulating effect:

[0037] Under the acceleration of the electric field, electrons with a certain energy collide with pollutant gas molecules or atoms, transferring part of the energy to produce excitation, thereby increasing the chemical and physical activity of the latter.

[0038] (2) Ionization:

[0039] After acceleration, if the energy of the electrons is large enough to allow the outermost electrons of the pollutant molecules or atoms to directly break away and decompose into positive ions and a free electron, a certain amount of initial electrons can also be provided.

[0040] (3) Chemical bond destruction:

[0041] The CC bond energy of toluene is about 4.4eV, the CH bond energy is 3.7eV, and the CH bond energy in the benzene ring is 4.9eV. The electrons in the glow plasma can break the chemical bonds in these pollutants, decomposing them into two highly active particles to participate in subsequent reactions.

[0042] (4) Chemical action:

[0043] This process is similar to the removal of formaldehyde, where various pollutants react with strong oxidizing substances and active groups. The chain process involved is also more complicated, with large molecules gradually becoming small molecules, and then degrading layer by layer until they become carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, etc.

[0044] The glow discharge process is accompanied by the production of ozone as a byproduct. If the concentration is too high, it will affect human health. The tail gas treatment layer 5 has the characteristics of low cost and light weight, and has a significant effect on the adsorption and removal of tail gas, especially ozone, to avoid the byproduct pollution of glow discharge;

[0045] The working process of the whole machine is relatively simple. First, the polluted air in the room is sucked into the duct device 1 through the fan 2 inside the air inlet; then, particles with a diameter of more than 1 μm, such as dust, PM2.5, PM10, etc., are effectively intercepted by the dense fiber filter element 303 in the filter module 3 under the strong push of wind force to prevent large particles from adhering to the surface of the glow discharge electrode in the purification layer 4, affecting the removal effect of formaldehyde and TVOC; there is a barrier 7 inside the duct device, which changes the direction and speed of the polluted gas airflow after preliminary screening to achieve The purpose of fully reacting the pollutants when they stay in the next purification layer; then the main pollutants, including microorganisms and volatile organic compounds that cannot be filtered out by the primary filter, come into the purification layer 4 filled with a large area of ​​glow discharge plasma, fully contact with the discharge electrode and undergo ionization, excitation, recombination and other physical and chemical reactions, which will generate a small amount of by-product ozone; finally, the mixed gas after two purifications will pass through the exhaust gas treatment layer 5, and the ozone will be intercepted by the adsorption catalytic layer 504 and generate harmless products through catalytic reaction, so that the air discharged from the outlet will not be polluted by by-products.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and deform the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0047] In the description of the present utility model, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0051] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed by the present invention, only the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed by the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma air purification device, characterized in that: It comprises a duct device (1) and a fan (2), wherein the fan (2) is installed at the air inlet of the duct device (1), and a filter module (3), a purification layer (4), an exhaust gas treatment layer (5) and a battery module (6) are installed inside the duct device (1); The purification layer (4) comprises an insulating shell (401) installed in the duct device (1), and a plurality of spiral electrodes (402) installed in an array on the inner wall of the insulating shell (401); the battery module (6) is electrically connected to the fan (2) and the spiral electrodes (402).

2. A plasma air purification device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral electrode (402) comprises a metal anode (403), an insulating medium layer (404) and a carbon fiber cathode (405); the metal anode (403) and the insulating medium layer (404) are both hollow cylinders, and the metal anode (403) is sleeved in the insulating medium layer (404); the carbon fiber cathode (405) is spirally sleeved around the insulating medium layer (404).

3. A plasma air purification device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The filter module (3) comprises a cardboard frame (301) installed in the duct device (1), a fiber filter element (303) installed on the inner wall of the cardboard frame (301), and a galvanized wire mesh (304) installed on the air inlet and air outlet ends of the cardboard frame (301); and aluminum corners (302) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the cardboard frame (301).

4. A plasma air purification device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A barrier (7) is also installed in the duct device (1), and the barrier (7) is located between the filter module (3) and the purification layer (4).

5. A plasma air purification device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment layer (5) comprises a PMMA shell (501) installed in the duct device (1), an aluminum filter (502) installed in the PMMA shell (501), a filter cotton layer (503) installed at the air inlet of the aluminum filter (502), and an adsorption catalytic layer (504) installed in the PMMA shell (501).

6. A plasma air purification device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorption catalytic layer (504) is filled with manganese dioxide and activated carbon.

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