Dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with large frequency ratio

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio, which comprises a first dielectric plate and a second dielectric plate, the first dielectric plate is positioned above the second dielectric plate, and the lower surface of the first dielectric plate is a copper-clad layer serving as a grounding plate. And a first metal radiator, a second metal radiator, a third metal radiator and a fourth metal radiator are arranged on the upper surface of the antenna. One end, close to the center of the dielectric plate, of the radiator is loaded with a metal column and connected with the grounding plate, and one end, away from the center of the dielectric plate, of the radiator is loaded with a millimeter wave metal probe. A microwave feed network and four 180-degree phase difference power dividers are arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, an output port of the microwave feed network is connected with the four microwave metal probes, and output ports of the 180-degree phase difference power dividers are connected with the eight millimeter wave metal probes. The dual-frequency circular polarization antenna has a dual-frequency circular polarization characteristic, can effectively reduce the influence of a multipath effect, and achieves the multiplexing of the radiator, thereby reducing the demands for the space resources of communication equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of integrated antennas, in particular to a dual-frequency circularly polarized integrated antenna with a large frequency ratio. Background Technique

[0002] As one of the key components of 5G technology, millimeter-wave communication technology has significant bandwidth and transmission speed advantages, capable of meeting the requirements of high-speed data transmission. However, millimeter-wave communication is vulnerable to blockage during transmission and has a limited coverage range, which poses certain restrictions on its widespread application. Currently, low-earth orbit satellites are moving towards the integration of communication and navigation. By integrating communication and navigation functions, low-earth orbit satellites can provide higher-quality high-speed communication and precise positioning services. In addition, reusable satellite resources can provide low-cost, wide-coverage, and high-performance communication and navigation integration services for the low-altitude economy.

[0003] Most current 5G communication antennas and satellite navigation antennas are designed separately and then encapsulated in the same communication device, resulting in a relatively large volume of the communication device and high requirements for the space resources of the device, restricting its further development. A common-aperture antenna can integrate antenna elements of different frequency bands on the same dielectric board, reducing the demand for the space resources of the communication device. However, there will inevitably be a coupling effect between antenna elements of different frequency bands, which in turn affects the performance of the antenna. Therefore, the dual-frequency circular polarization of the present utility model multiplexes the antenna array in the millimeter-wave band as a radiator in the microwave band, solving the problem of tight space resources in communication devices. The dual-frequency circular polarization characteristic also reduces the influence of multipath effects and improves the communication quality. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a dual-frequency circularly polarized integrated antenna with a large frequency ratio. This antenna has the advantages of cross-frequency band and radiation structure multiplexing, and has high-gain circular polarization performance in the 5G millimeter-wave band. The entire millimeter-wave array is multiplexed as a microwave circularly polarized patch antenna operating in the Beidou B1 band, enabling the integration of Beidou satellite positioning and 5G millimeter-wave communication.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present utility model is as follows: A dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio, comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a first metal radiator, a second metal radiator, a third metal radiator and a fourth metal radiator; the first dielectric plate is stacked above the second dielectric plate; a copper-clad layer is provided on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate as a metal ground plane, and the first metal radiator, the second metal radiator, the third metal radiator and the fourth metal radiator are all arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate and are rotationally distributed at 90 degrees with the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate as the rotation axis; a microwave feeding network, a first 180-degree phase difference power divider, a second 180-degree phase difference power divider, a third 180-degree phase difference power divider and a fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider are provided on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate; the first metal radiator is connected to the first 180-degree phase difference power divider through a first millimeter-wave metal probe, the second metal radiator is connected to the second 180-degree phase difference power divider through a second millimeter-wave metal probe, the third metal radiator is connected to the third 180-degree phase difference power divider through a third millimeter-wave metal probe, and the fourth metal radiator is connected to the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider through a fourth millimeter-wave metal probe; the first metal radiator is connected to the microwave feeding network through a first microwave metal probe, the second metal radiator is connected to the microwave feeding network through a second microwave metal probe, the third metal radiator is connected to the microwave feeding network through a third microwave metal probe, and the fourth metal radiator is connected to the microwave feeding network through a fourth microwave metal probe.

[0006] Preferably, the fourth metal radiator includes a first rectangular metal patch, a second rectangular metal patch, and a first rectangular metal strip, a second rectangular metal strip, a third rectangular metal strip and a fourth rectangular metal strip located between the first rectangular metal patch and the second rectangular metal patch. The first rectangular metal strip, the second rectangular metal strip, the third rectangular metal strip and the fourth rectangular metal strip are spaced apart along the length direction of the first rectangular metal patch and the second rectangular metal patch. The first rectangular metal patch and the second rectangular metal patch are connected by the first rectangular metal strip, the second rectangular metal strip, the third rectangular metal strip and the fourth rectangular metal strip; the structures of the first metal radiator, the second metal radiator and the third metal radiator are the same as that of the fourth metal radiator. The second metal radiator is obtained by central symmetry of the fourth metal radiator with respect to the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate; the first metal radiator and the third metal radiator are obtained by rotating the second metal radiator and the fourth metal radiator 90 degrees clockwise with respect to the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate.

[0007] Preferably, the first metal radiator is connected to the metal ground plane through a first metal post group, the second metal radiator is connected to the metal ground plane through a second metal post group, the third metal radiator is connected to the metal ground plane through a third metal post group, and the fourth metal radiator is connected to the metal ground plane through a fourth metal post group, so as to ensure that the first metal radiator, the second metal radiator, the third metal radiator, and the fourth metal radiator form a standing wave radiation of a cascaded triangular cavity in the millimeter wave band and operate as a quarter-wavelength patch antenna with a terminal short circuit in the microwave band.

[0008] Preferably, the first 180-degree phase difference power divider, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider are all loaded with high-pass filters; the first 180-degree phase difference power divider, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider each include a millimeter wave input port, a first millimeter wave output port, a second millimeter wave output port, a millimeter wave 180-degree phase shifter, and a millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer. The millimeter wave input port is connected to the millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer through a transmission line. The millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer is respectively connected to the millimeter wave 180-degree phase shifter and the high-pass filter through transmission lines. The millimeter wave 180-degree phase shifter is connected to the high-pass filter through a transmission line. The high-pass filter is respectively connected to the first millimeter wave output port and the second millimeter wave output port.

[0009] Preferably, the microwave feeding network includes a microwave input port, a first microwave output port, a second microwave output port, a third microwave output port, a fourth microwave output port, a microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer, a first 90-degree phase shifter, a second 90-degree phase shifter, and a microwave 180-degree phase shifter. The first microwave output port is connected to a first microwave metal probe to feed the first metal radiator. The second microwave output port is connected to a second microwave metal probe to feed the second metal radiator. The third microwave output port is connected to a third microwave metal probe to feed the third metal radiator. The fourth microwave output port is connected to a fourth microwave metal probe to feed the fourth metal radiator. The microwave input port is connected to the microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer through a transmission line. The microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer is respectively connected to the first microwave output port, the first 90-degree phase shifter, and the microwave 180-degree phase shifter through transmission lines. The microwave 180-degree phase shifter is respectively connected to the third microwave output port and the second 90-degree phase shifter through a transmission line. The second microwave output port is loaded on the first 90-degree phase shifter. The fourth microwave output port is loaded on the second 90-degree phase shifter.

[0010] Preferably, the first metal radiator, the second metal radiator, the third metal radiator, the fourth metal radiator, the microwave feeding network, the first 180-degree phase-difference power divider, the second 180-degree phase-difference power divider, the third 180-degree phase-difference power divider, and the fourth 180-degree phase-difference power divider are all copper-clad layers.

[0011] Preferably, the first microwave metal probe, the second microwave metal probe, the third microwave metal probe, the fourth microwave metal probe, the first metal post group, the second metal post group, the third metal post group, the fourth metal post group, the first millimeter-wave metal probe, the second millimeter-wave metal probe, the third millimeter-wave metal probe, and the fourth millimeter-wave metal probe are all metal copper posts.

[0012] Preferably, when the microwave input port of the microwave feeding network is excited, the dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna operates in the microwave band, and a single radiator is equivalent to a quarter-wavelength end-shorted patch antenna; when the first 180-degree phase-difference power divider is excited with a 0-degree phase, the second 180-degree phase-difference power divider is excited with a 90-degree phase, the third 180-degree phase-difference power divider is excited with a 180-degree phase, and the fourth 180-degree phase-difference power divider is excited with a 270-degree phase, the dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna operates in the millimeter-wave band, and a single radiator is equivalent to a 2×7 cascaded triangular cavity array.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The antenna designed by the present invention realizes the multiplexing of microwave and millimeter-wave radiation structures, increases the antenna aperture utilization rate, and can solve the problem of tight space resources in communication devices.

[0015] 2. By designing the microwave feeding network and the 180-degree phase-difference power divider, the present invention realizes the dual-band circular polarization characteristic, integrates Beidou satellite positioning and 5G millimeter-wave communication, and the millimeter-wave band has a high gain.

[0016] 3. By loading a high-pass filter on the 180-degree phase-difference power divider, the present invention enhances the isolation between the microwave band and the millimeter-wave band. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the integrated antenna designed by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 is a top view of the integrated antenna designed by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the microwave feeding network and the 180-degree phase-difference power divider of the integrated antenna designed by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 S parameter curve of the integrated antenna in the millimeter wave band designed for the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 Axial ratio (AR) parameter curve of the integrated antenna in the millimeter wave band designed for the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 XOZ plane radiation pattern of the integrated antenna designed for the present utility model at the center frequency of 24.6 GHz in the millimeter wave band.

[0023] Figure 7 YOZ plane radiation pattern of the integrated antenna designed for the present utility model at the center frequency of 24.6 GHz in the millimeter wave band.

[0024] Figure 8 S parameter curve of the integrated antenna in the microwave band designed for the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 9 Axial ratio (AR) parameter curve of the integrated antenna in the microwave band designed for the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 10 XOZ plane radiation pattern of the integrated antenna designed for the present utility model at the center frequency of 1.56 GHz in the microwave band.

[0027] Figure 11 YOZ plane radiation pattern of the integrated antenna designed for the present utility model at the center frequency of 1.56 GHz in the microwave band. Specific embodiments

[0028] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the implementation manners of the present utility model are not limited thereto.

[0029] Such as Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio, which includes a first dielectric plate 1, a second dielectric plate 2, a first metal radiator 71, a second metal radiator 72, a third metal radiator 73, and a fourth metal radiator 74. The first metal radiator 71 and the third metal radiator 73 are centrosymmetrically distributed about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 1. The second metal radiator 72 and the fourth metal radiator 74 are centrosymmetrically distributed about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 1. The lower surface of the first dielectric plate 1 is a copper-clad layer serving as a metal ground plane 11. One end of the first metal radiator 71, the second metal radiator 72, the third metal radiator 73, and the fourth metal radiator 74 close to the center of the first dielectric plate 1 is respectively connected to the metal ground plane 11 through a first metal post group 61, a second metal post group 62, a third metal post group 63, and a fourth metal post group 64. One end of the first metal radiator 71, the second metal radiator 72, the third metal radiator 73, and the fourth metal radiator 74 far from the center of the first dielectric plate 1 is respectively connected to a first millimeter-wave metal probe 81, a second millimeter-wave metal probe 82, a third millimeter-wave metal probe 83, and a fourth millimeter-wave metal probe 84.

[0030] Specifically, the fourth metal radiator 74 includes a first rectangular metal patch 741, a second rectangular metal patch 742, and a first rectangular metal strip 12, a second rectangular metal strip 13, a third rectangular metal strip 14, and a fourth rectangular metal strip 15 located between the first rectangular metal patch 741 and the second rectangular metal patch 742. The first rectangular metal strip 12, the second rectangular metal strip 13, the third rectangular metal strip 14, and the fourth rectangular metal strip 15 are spaced apart along the length direction of the first rectangular metal patch 741 and the second rectangular metal patch 742. The first rectangular metal patch 741 and the second rectangular metal patch 742 are connected by the first rectangular metal strip 12, the second rectangular metal strip 13, the third rectangular metal strip 14, and the fourth rectangular metal strip 15. The structures of the first metal radiator 71, the second metal radiator 72, and the third metal radiator 73 are the same as that of the fourth metal radiator 74. The second metal radiator 72 is obtained by centrosymmetrically rotating the fourth metal radiator 74 about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 1. The first metal radiator 71 and the third metal radiator 73 are obtained by rotating the second metal radiator 72 and the fourth metal radiator 74 clockwise by 90 degrees about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate 1.

[0031] As Figure 3As shown, a microwave feeding network 4, a first 180-degree phase difference power divider 31, a second 180-degree phase difference power divider 32, a third 180-degree phase difference power divider 33, and a fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider 34 are designed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 2. The output ports of the first 180-degree phase difference power divider 31, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider 32, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider 33, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider 34 are respectively connected to a first millimeter-wave metal probe 81, a second millimeter-wave metal probe 82, a third millimeter-wave metal probe 83, and a fourth millimeter-wave metal probe 84. The first microwave output port 41, the second microwave output port 42, the third microwave output port 43, and the fourth microwave output port 44 of the microwave feeding network 4 are respectively connected to the metal strips of the first metal radiator 71, the second metal radiator 72, the third metal radiator 73, and the fourth metal radiator 74 near the center of the first dielectric plate 1 through a first microwave metal probe 51, a second microwave metal probe 52, a third microwave metal probe 53, and a fourth microwave metal probe 54. High-pass filters 9 are loaded on the first 180-degree phase difference power divider 31, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider 32, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider 33, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider 34 to enhance the isolation between the microwave band and the millimeter-wave band.

[0032] Specifically, the first 180-degree phase difference power divider 31, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider 32, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider 33, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider 34 each include a millimeter-wave input port 30, a first millimeter-wave output port 301, a second millimeter-wave output port 302, a millimeter-wave 180-degree phase shifter 303, and a millimeter-wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 304. The millimeter-wave input port 30 is connected to the millimeter-wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 304 through a transmission line. The millimeter-wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 304 is respectively connected to the millimeter-wave 180-degree phase shifter 303 and the high-pass filter 9 through transmission lines. The millimeter-wave 180-degree phase shifter 303 is connected to the high-pass filter 9 through a transmission line. The high-pass filter 9 is respectively connected to the first millimeter-wave output port 301 and the second millimeter-wave output port 302.

[0033] Specifically, the microwave feeding network 4 includes a microwave input port 40, a first microwave output port 41, a second microwave output port 42, a third microwave output port 43, a fourth microwave output port 44, a microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 45, a first 90-degree phase shifter 46, a second 90-degree phase shifter 47, and a microwave 180-degree phase shifter 48. The first microwave output port 41 is connected to a first microwave metal probe 51 to feed the first metal radiator 71. The second microwave output port 42 is connected to a second microwave metal probe 52 to feed the second metal radiator 72. The third microwave output port 43 is connected to a third microwave metal probe 53 to feed the third metal radiator 73. The fourth microwave output port 44 is connected to a fourth microwave metal probe 54 to feed the fourth metal radiator 74. The microwave input port 40 is connected to the microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 45 through a transmission line. The microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 45 is respectively connected to the first microwave output port 41, the first 90-degree phase shifter 46, and the microwave 180-degree phase shifter 48 through transmission lines. The microwave 180-degree phase shifter 48 is respectively connected to the third microwave output port 43 and the second 90-degree phase shifter 47 through transmission lines. The second microwave output port 42 is loaded on the first 90-degree phase shifter 46, and the fourth microwave output port 44 is loaded on the second 90-degree phase shifter 47.

[0034] When the first 180-degree phase difference power divider 31 is excited with a 0-degree phase, the second 180-degree phase difference power divider 32 is excited with a 90-degree phase, the third 180-degree phase difference power divider 33 is excited with a 180-degree phase, and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider 34 is excited with a 270-degree phase, the dual-band circularly polarized fusion antenna operates in the millimeter-wave band with a center frequency of 24.6 GHz, and the radiator operates as a 2×7 cascaded triangular cavity array.

[0035] When the microwave feeding network 4 is excited, the dual-band circularly polarized fusion antenna operates in the microwave band with a center frequency of 1.56 GHz, and the radiator operates as a quarter-wavelength end-shorted patch.

[0036] Specifically, the length and width of the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2 are both 100 mm, the material is Rogers5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent is 0.0009. The thickness of the first dielectric plate 1 is 0.787 mm, and the thickness of the second dielectric plate 2 is 0.254 mm. The length and width of the first rectangular metal patch 741 and the second rectangular metal patch 742 are 30.3 mm and 3.15 mm respectively; the length and width of the first rectangular metal strip 12, the second rectangular metal strip 13, the third rectangular metal strip 14, and the fourth rectangular metal strip 15 are 1.85 mm and 2.7 mm respectively, and the distance between adjacent metal strips is 6.65 mm. The lengths and widths of the first metal radiator 71, the second metal radiator 72, the third metal radiator 73, and the fourth metal radiator 74 formed are 30.3 mm and 9 mm. The radii of the metal posts of the first metal post group 61, the second metal post group 62, the third metal post group 63, and the fourth metal post group 64 are 0.4 mm, and the pitch between the metal posts is 1.1 mm. The radii of the first millimeter-wave metal probe 81, the second millimeter-wave metal probe 82, the third millimeter-wave metal probe 83, and the fourth millimeter-wave metal probe 84 are 0.19 mm. The radii of the first microwave metal probe 51, the second microwave metal probe 52, the third microwave metal probe 53, and the fourth microwave metal probe 54 are 0.3 mm. The length of the microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 45 of the microwave feeding network 4 is 32.375 mm, the lengths of the first 90-degree phase shifter and the second 90-degree phase shifter are 32.375 mm, and the length of the microwave 180-degree phase shifter 48 is 64.75 mm. The length of the millimeter-wave 180-degree phase shifter 303 of the first 180-degree phase-difference power divider 31, the second 180-degree phase-difference power divider 32, the third 180-degree phase-difference power divider 33, and the fourth 180-degree phase-difference power divider 34 is 4.1 mm, the length of the millimeter-wave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer 304 is 2.05 mm, and the length of the high-pass filter 9 is 2.21 mm.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, the simulation results of the S-parameters of the millimeter-wave working frequency band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized fusion antenna in this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the range where the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB is 23.2 GHz - 27 GHz.

[0038] As Figure 5 shown, the simulation results of the axial ratio (AR) of the millimeter-wave working frequency band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized fusion antenna in this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the range where AR is less than 3 dB is 23.4 GHz - 27 GHz, and the overlapping frequency band of the S-parameters and the axial ratio is 23.4 GHz - 27 GHz, and it has circular polarization characteristics in this frequency band.

[0039] As Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the simulation results of the XOZ plane and YOZ plane patterns at the center frequency point of 24.6 GHz in the millimeter-wave operating band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna of this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the maximum gain is 17.72 dBi.

[0040] As Figure 8 shown, the simulation results of the S parameters in the microwave operating band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna of this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the range where the reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB is 1.552 GHz - 1.564 GHz.

[0041] As Figure 9 shown, the simulation results of the axial ratio (AR) in the microwave operating band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna of this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the range where AR is less than 3 dB is 1.554 GHz - 1.563 GHz, and the overlapping band of the S parameter and the axial ratio is 1.554 GHz - 1.563 GHz, and it has circular polarization characteristics in this band.

[0042] As Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, the simulation results of the XOZ plane and YOZ plane patterns at the center frequency point of 1.56 GHz in the microwave operating band of the above-mentioned dual-band circularly polarized integrated antenna of this embodiment are shown. It can be seen from the figure that the maximum gain is 1.6 dBi.

[0043] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit other embodiments of the present invention. Any changes made according to the structure and principle of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first dielectric plate (1), a second dielectric plate (2), a first metal radiator (71), a second metal radiator (72), a third metal radiator (73) and a fourth metal radiator (74); the first dielectric plate (1) is stacked on the second dielectric plate (2); a copper-clad layer as a metal grounding plate (11) is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric plate (1); the first metal radiator (71), the second metal radiator (72), the third metal radiator (73) and the fourth metal radiator (74) are all arranged on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1) and are rotated 90 degrees with the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1) as the rotation axis; a microwave feeding network (4), a first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31), a second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32), a third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) and a fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) are arranged on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate (2); the first metal radiator (71) is connected to the first dielectric plate (2) by a first microwave feeder (4); a first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31), a second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32), a third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) and a fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) are connected to the first dielectric plate (2); The millimeter wave metal probe (81) is connected to the first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31); the second metal radiator (72) is connected to the second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32) via the second millimeter wave metal probe (82); the third metal radiator (73) is connected to the third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) via the third millimeter wave metal probe (83); the fourth metal radiator (74) is connected to the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) via the fourth millimeter wave metal probe (84); the first metal radiator (71) is connected to the microwave feeding network (4) via the first microwave metal probe (51); the second metal radiator (72) is connected to the microwave feeding network (4) via the second microwave metal probe (52); the third metal radiator (73) is connected to the microwave feeding network (4) via the third microwave metal probe (53); and the fourth metal radiator (74) is connected to the microwave feeding network (4) via the fourth microwave metal probe (54).

2. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fourth metal radiator (74) comprises a first rectangular metal patch (741), a second rectangular metal patch (742), and a first rectangular metal strip (12), a second rectangular metal strip (13), a third rectangular metal strip (14), and a fourth rectangular metal strip (15) located between the first rectangular metal patch (741) and the second rectangular metal patch (742); the first rectangular metal strip (12), the second rectangular metal strip (13), the third rectangular metal strip (14), and the fourth rectangular metal strip (15) are spaced apart along the length direction of the first rectangular metal patch (741) and the second rectangular metal patch (742); 742) are connected by a first rectangular metal strip (12), a second rectangular metal strip (13), a third rectangular metal strip (14), and a fourth rectangular metal strip (15); the structures of the first metal radiator (71), the second metal radiator (72), and the third metal radiator (73) are the same as the fourth metal radiator (74), and the second metal radiator (72) is obtained by symmetry of the fourth metal radiator (74) about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1); the first metal radiator (71) and the third metal radiator (73) are obtained by rotating the second metal radiator (72) and the fourth metal radiator (74) 90 degrees clockwise about the center of the upper surface of the first dielectric plate (1).

3. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first metal radiator (71) is connected to the metal ground plate (11) through the first metal column group (61), the second metal radiator (72) is connected to the metal ground plate (11) through the second metal column group (62), the third metal radiator (73) is connected to the metal ground plate (11) through the third metal column group (63), and the fourth metal radiator (74) is connected to the metal ground plate (11) through the fourth metal column group (64), so as to ensure that the first metal radiator (71), the second metal radiator (72), the third metal radiator (73), and the fourth metal radiator (74) form standing wave radiation of a cascaded triangular cavity in the millimeter wave frequency band and work as a quarter-wavelength patch antenna with a terminal short circuit in the microwave frequency band.

4. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31), the second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32), the third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) are all loaded with a high-pass filter (9); the first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31), the second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32), the third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) all include a millimeter wave input port (30), a first millimeter wave output port (301), a second millimeter wave output port (302), a millimeter wave 180-degree shift The invention relates to a millimeter wave input port (30) and a millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance converter (304), wherein the millimeter wave input port (30) is connected to the millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance converter (304) through a transmission line, and the millimeter wave quarter-wavelength impedance converter (304) is respectively connected to a millimeter wave 180-degree phase shifter (303) and a high-pass filter (9) through transmission lines, and the millimeter wave 180-degree phase shifter (303) is connected to the high-pass filter (9) through a transmission line, and the high-pass filter (9) is respectively connected to a first millimeter wave output port (301) and a second millimeter wave output port (302).

5. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 4, characterized in that: The microwave feeding network (4) comprises a microwave input port (40), a first microwave output port (41), a second microwave output port (42), a third microwave output port (43), a fourth microwave output port (44), a microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer (45), a first 90-degree phase shifter (46), a second 90-degree phase shifter (47) and a microwave 180-degree phase shifter (48); the first microwave output port (41) is connected to a first microwave metal probe (51) to feed the first metal radiator (71), the second microwave output port (42) is connected to a second microwave metal probe (52) to feed the second metal radiator (72), and the third microwave output port (43) is connected to a third microwave metal probe (53) to feed the third metal radiator (73). The fourth microwave output port (44) is connected to a fourth microwave metal probe (54) to feed the fourth metal radiator (74); the microwave input port (40) is connected to a microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer (45) through a transmission line; the microwave quarter-wavelength impedance transformer (45) is respectively connected to the first microwave output port (41), the first 90-degree phase shifter (46) and the microwave 180-degree phase shifter (48) through transmission lines; the microwave 180-degree phase shifter (48) is respectively connected to the third microwave output port (43) and the second 90-degree phase shifter (47) through transmission lines; the second microwave output port (42) is loaded on the first 90-degree phase shifter (46); and the fourth microwave output port (44) is loaded on the second 90-degree phase shifter (47).

6. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first metal radiator (71), the second metal radiator (72), the third metal radiator (73), the fourth metal radiator (74), the microwave feeding network (4), the first 180-degree phase difference power divider (31), the second 180-degree phase difference power divider (32), the third 180-degree phase difference power divider (33) and the fourth 180-degree phase difference power divider (34) are all copper-clad layers.

7. The dual-frequency circularly polarized fusion antenna with a large frequency ratio according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first microwave metal probe (51), the second microwave metal probe (52), the third microwave metal probe (53), the fourth microwave metal probe (54), the first metal column group (61), the second metal column group (62), the third metal column group (63), the fourth metal column group (64), the first millimeter wave metal probe (81), the second millimeter wave metal probe (82), the third millimeter wave metal probe (83) and the fourth millimeter wave metal probe (84) are all metal copper columns.

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