Screw implantation guider based on vertebral pedicle included angle

Abstract

The utility model provides a pedicle screw implantation guider. The pedicle screw implantation guider comprises a fixed guide rod, a sliding guide rod and a moving assembly. A positioning piece is arranged at one end of the fixed guide rod and used for being in positioning fit with a screw tail of an implanted screw, and the length direction of the fixed guide rod is the same as that of the screw. The sliding guide rod is provided with a first sliding piece, the first sliding piece is matched with the fixed guide rod in a guiding mode, and the sliding guide rod is perpendicular to the fixed guide rod. Due to the structural design of the guider, no matter how the fixed guide rod moves, the movable guide rod is always parallel to the fixed guide rod. The bone structure of a patient is not changed before and during the operation, so that for the vertebral pedicle, the included angle of the vertebral pedicle on the two sides of the same section of vertebral body is not changed, the direction of the vertebral pedicle on one side is used as a reference to determine the direction of the vertebral pedicle on the other side, interference of the posture of the patient, operation anesthesia and other factors is avoided, and the accuracy of the screw placement direction is higher. Positioning is more accurate, and operation safety can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pedicle screw implantation surgical instruments, in particular to a pedicle screw implantation guide. Background Art

[0002] Pedicle screw implantation, also known as pedicle screw internal fixation, is a commonly used technique in spinal surgery, mainly used to treat lumbar disc herniation, lumbar fracture, lumbar degenerative disease, etc. The main purpose of pedicle screw implantation is to fix the diseased intervertebral disc segment with pedicle screws while surgically removing the diseased intervertebral disc or treating other spinal problems, so as to achieve the effects of fixing and fusing the segment, reducing low back pain, spinal degeneration, and recurrence of intervertebral disc herniation. During the operation, the doctor will confirm the spinal segment that needs surgery, that is, the responsible segment, through physical examination, imaging data, and on-site fluoroscopy. Through an appropriate surgical approach (such as the cruciate method or the miter crest method), the vertebral arch that needs surgery is exposed, and then a screw of appropriate length is inserted into the pedicle.

[0003] The current screw insertion process is to install an angle measuring instrument on the guide rod for implanting the screw. For example, there is a sliding ball inside the measuring instrument. Under the action of gravity, when the guide rod changes direction, the ball will move. The angle between the guide rod and the gravity plumb line is converted by the movement distance of the ball. The appropriate screw placement direction is estimated based on this angle. The existing method uses the gravity plumb line as a reference to estimate the direction of the pedicle, but the angle between the pedicle and the gravity plumb line is not fixed. If the patient's posture is incorrect, or the vertebral body rotates further after surgical anesthesia, the angle between the pedicle and the gravity plumb line measured before the operation cannot be used to estimate the angle between the pedicle and the gravity plumb line during the operation. As a result, the pedicle direction estimated by this method is inaccurate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a pedicle screw implantation guide to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. It is particularly suitable for patients with scoliosis who have vertebral rotation. Because vertebral rotation in scoliosis patients makes it easier to implant screws on the convex side, while more difficult to implant screws on the concave side, the convex screw can be implanted first, and then the concave screw can be implanted using the present invention, based on the screw's direction.

[0005] 7. The swiftly and minutely adjusting device for a wood-planer working table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said linking rod and said adjusting base are pivotally connected to each other with a bolt, and said bolt has a round shank to contact with said linking rod. said linking rod having a first end and a second end. said bolt has a round shank to contact with said linking rod.

[0006] Preferably, a stabilizing block is provided at one end of the fixed guide rod, and the diameter of the stabilizing block is larger than the diameter of the fixed guide rod, so as to ensure that the center of gravity of the fixed guide rod is biased downward, making the fixed guide rod more stable after being connected to the tail of the screw. The positioning member is provided on a side of the stabilizing block facing away from the fixed guide rod.

[0007] Preferably, the first sliding member is a sliding sleeve, and the first sliding member is sleeved outside the fixed guide rod and slidably fitted therewith.

[0008] Preferably, the first sliding member is further provided with a first fastener, and the first sliding member is fastened to the fixed guide rod via the first fastener.

[0009] Preferably, a contact tip is provided at one end of the movable guide rod away from the angle measuring member, and the contact tip contacts the vertebral articular process.

[0010] Preferably, the second sliding member is a sliding sleeve, and the second sliding member is sleeved outside the sliding guide rod and slidably fitted therewith.

[0011] Preferably, the second sliding member is further provided with a second fastener, and the second sliding member is fastened to the sliding guide rod via the second fastener.

[0012] Preferably, an indicating tip is provided at one end of the changing guide rod close to the angle measuring member.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning member is a hexagonal protrusion that can be engaged with the hexagonal recess of the screw positioning.

[0014] Preferably, the angle measuring member is arranged symmetrically with respect to the length direction of the movable guide rod.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pedicle screw implantation guide described in one embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pedicle screw implantation guide described in one embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0020] In the figure: 100, pedicle screw implantation guide; 110, fixed guide rod; 111, positioning member; 112, stabilizing block; 120, sliding guide rod; 121, first sliding member; 122, first fastener; 130, moving assembly; 131, moving guide rod; 132, changing guide rod; 133, angle measuring member; 134, second sliding member; 135, second fastener; 136, contact tip; 137, indicating tip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a pedicle screw implantation guide 100. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pedicle screw implantation guide 100 includes a fixed guide rod 110, a sliding guide rod 120, and a moving assembly 130. A positioning member 111 is provided at one end of the fixed guide rod 110, which is used to align with the tail of an implanted screw. The length of the fixed guide rod 110 is aligned with the length of the screw. The sliding guide rod 120 includes a first sliding member 121, which guides the fixed guide rod 110. The sliding guide rod 120 is arranged perpendicular to the fixed guide rod 110. The moving assembly 130 includes a moving guide rod 131, a changing guide rod 132, an angle measuring member 133 and a second sliding member 134. The moving guide rod 131 is fixed on the second sliding member 134. The second sliding member 134 is guided and cooperated with the sliding guide rod 120. The length direction of the moving guide rod 131 is parallel to the length direction of the fixed guide rod 110. The angle measuring member 133 is set on the moving guide rod 131. The changing guide rod 132 is rotatably connected to the moving guide rod 131 through a rotating shaft. When the changing guide rod 132 rotates, it is set at an angle to the moving guide rod 131.

[0024] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: during use of the guide, a pedicle screw is first implanted into one side of the vertebral body, and then the fixed guide rod 110 is connected to the tail of the pedicle screw that has been implanted on one side of the vertebral body through the positioning member 111, so that the direction of the guide rod is consistent with the direction of the pedicle screw on that side; after fixation, the mobile guide rod 131 on the slide rail is moved so that the bottom end of the mobile guide rod 131 contacts the vertebral articular process on the other side (that is, the side where the screw has not yet been implanted); after contact, the changing guide rod 132 on the mobile guide rod 131 is rotated, and the angle measuring member 133 on the mobile guide rod 131 is measured so that the angle between the changing guide rod 132 and the mobile guide rod 131 is equal to the angle between the pedicles on both sides. At this time, the direction of the changing guide rod 132 is the direction of the pedicle on the side where the screw is not implanted, and this direction will be used as a reference for implanting the screw on that side. In this process, the structural design of the guide ensures that no matter how the fixed guide rod 110 moves, the mobile guide rod 131 is always parallel to the fixed guide rod 110. This guide is unaffected by factors such as patient posture and surgical anesthesia when determining pedicle orientation, resulting in more accurate screw placement. Because the patient's bony structure remains unchanged before and during surgery, the angle between the pedicles on either side of the same vertebra remains constant. Therefore, this guide uses the orientation of one pedicle as a reference to determine the direction of the other pedicle, resulting in more accurate positioning and improved surgical efficiency and effectiveness.

[0025] In one embodiment, see Figure 1A stabilizing block 112 is provided at one end of the fixed guide rod 110 . The diameter of the stabilizing block 112 is larger than the diameter of the fixed guide rod 110 . The positioning member 111 is provided on a side of the stabilizing block 112 facing away from the fixed guide rod 110 .

[0026] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the stabilizing block 112 can expand the contact area with the tail of the screw, thereby reducing the shaking of the fixing guide rod 110 on the screw and improving the fixing stability.

[0027] Optionally, the guiding fit of the first sliding member 121 on the fixing rod may be a sliding fit, a snap fit, a plug fit or other guiding fit methods.

[0028] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first sliding member 121 is a sliding sleeve, and the first sliding member 121 is sleeved outside the fixed guide rod 110 and slidably engaged therewith.

[0029] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: ensuring that the sliding guide rod 120 slides easily on the fixed guide rod 110, and having strong structural stability, easy to use, and will not fall off.

[0030] In one embodiment, the first sliding member 121 is further provided with a first fastener 122, and the first sliding member 121 is fastened to the fixed guide rod 110 via the first fastener 122. For example, the first fastener 122 is a fixing bolt.

[0031] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the sliding guide rod 120 moves to a preset position, the relative position of the sliding guide rod 120 and the fixed guide rod 110 can be fixed by the first fastener 122, thereby facilitating operation.

[0032] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The end of the movable guide rod 131 away from the angle measuring member 133 is provided with a contact tip 136, and the contact tip 136 contacts the vertebral articular process.

[0033] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the contact point of the contact tip 136 is smaller, which can be positioned more accurately, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0034] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second sliding member 134 is a sliding sleeve, and the second sliding member 134 is sleeved outside the sliding guide rod 120 and slidably matched.

[0035] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: easy sliding, strong structural stability, easy use, and no falling off.

[0036] In one embodiment, the second sliding member 134 is further provided with a second fastener 135, and the second sliding member 134 is fastened to the sliding guide rod 120 via the second fastener 135. For example, the second fastener 135 is a fixing bolt.

[0037] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the movable guide rod 131 moves to the preset position of the sliding guide rod 120, the relative position of the sliding guide rod 120 and the movable guide rod 131 can be fixed by the second fastener 135, thereby facilitating operation.

[0038] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 An end of the guide rod 132 close to the angle measuring member 133 is provided with an indicating tip 137 .

[0039] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: more accurate indication and higher angle measurement accuracy.

[0040] In one embodiment, the positioning member 111 is a hexagonal protrusion.

[0041] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: it is compatible with current pedicle screws and has strong positioning stability.

[0042] In one embodiment, the angle measuring member 133 is disposed bilaterally symmetrically with respect to the length direction of the movable guide rod 131. Specifically, the angle measuring member 133 is semicircular.

[0043] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: ensuring consistent angles when offsetting left and right, facilitating observation, and improving usage efficiency.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A pedicle screw implantation guide (100), characterized in that: The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) comprises: A fixed guide rod (110), one end of which is provided with a positioning piece (111), the positioning piece (111) being used for positioning and cooperating with the tail of an implanted screw, the length direction of the fixed guide rod (110) being the same as the length direction of the screw; A sliding guide rod (120), wherein the sliding guide rod (120) is provided with a first sliding member (121), wherein the first sliding member (121) is guided and matched with the fixed guide rod (110), and the sliding guide rod (120) is vertically arranged with respect to the fixed guide rod (110); and A moving assembly (130) includes a moving guide rod (131), a changing guide rod (132), an angle measuring member (133) and a second sliding member (134). The moving guide rod (131) is fixed on the second sliding member (134). The second sliding member (134) is guided and matched with the sliding guide rod (120). The length direction of the moving guide rod (131) is parallel to the length direction of the fixed guide rod (110). The angle measuring member (133) is arranged on the moving guide rod (131). The changing guide rod (132) is rotatably connected to the moving guide rod (131) via a rotating shaft. When the changing guide rod (132) rotates, it is arranged at an angle with the moving guide rod (131).

2. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stabilizing block (112) is provided at one end of the fixed guide rod (110), the diameter of the stabilizing block (112) being larger than the diameter of the fixed guide rod (110), and the positioning member (111) is provided on a side of the stabilizing block (112) facing away from the fixed guide rod (110).

3. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding member (121) is a sliding sleeve, and the first sliding member (121) is sleeved outside the fixed guide rod (110) and slidably fitted therewith.

4. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding member (121) is further provided with a first fastener (122), and the first sliding member (121) is fastened and matched with the fixed guide rod (110) via the first fastener (122).

5. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the movable guide rod (131) away from the angle measuring member (133) is provided with a contact tip (136), and the contact tip (136) contacts the vertebral articular process.

6. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sliding member (134) is a sliding sleeve, and the second sliding member (134) is sleeved outside the sliding guide rod (120) and is slidably fitted therewith.

7. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sliding member (134) is further provided with a second fastener (135), and the second sliding member (134) is fastened and matched with the sliding guide rod (120) via the second fastener (135).

8. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: An indicating tip (137) is provided at one end of the changing guide rod (132) close to the angle measuring member (133).

9. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning member (111) is a hexagonal protrusion.

10. The pedicle screw implantation guide (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle measuring member (133) is disposed symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the movable guide rod (131).

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