Klystron device and electron accelerator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a klystron device and an electron accelerator, the klystron device comprises a klystron main body, a klystron collector and an electron transmission device, the electron transmission device comprises a focusing coil and an electron transmission tube, and the focusing coil of the electron transmission device is arranged at the outer side of the klystron collector; one end of the klystron collector is connected with the tail end of the klystron main body, and the other end of the klystron collector is connected with the electron transport tube; the electron transport tube is connected with the front end of an accelerating tube in the electron accelerator; a waveguide is arranged at the tail end of the klystron main body, the waveguide is connected with the front end of the accelerating tube, and electrons are accelerated by a microwave field transmitted by the waveguide after entering the accelerating tube through the electron transmission tube. An electron gun on the top of a traditional accelerating tube is omitted, the system structure is simplified, the system cost is reduced, and meanwhile the system failure rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a klystron device and an electron accelerator. Background Art

[0002] Electron accelerators are devices that accelerate charged particles (such as electrons) using electric or magnetic fields. They are used in a wide range of research fields, including particle physics, nuclear physics, and materials science. Electron accelerators can operate in different configurations, including linear accelerators and circular accelerators. By continuously accelerating particles, electron accelerators can produce high-energy particle beams for studying high-energy physics phenomena or delivering medical radiation therapy.

[0003] In the existing technology, in an electron linear accelerator, the klystron is responsible for generating high-power microwaves, which are input into the accelerating tube through a waveguide; at the same time, the electron gun located at the top of the accelerating tube emits electron beams, which are accelerated in a microwave field environment.

[0004] As an independent component, the electron gun has a limited lifespan (generally several thousand high-voltage hours) and needs to be replaced upon expiration. Regularly replacing the electron gun increases system costs and affects production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art in that the electron accelerator system is complex in structure, the electron gun is subject to wear and tear, and needs to be replaced upon expiration. The present invention provides a klystron device and electron accelerator that can eliminate the electron gun at the top of the traditional accelerating tube, thereby simplifying the system structure, reducing system costs, and lowering the system failure rate.

[0006] The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A klystron device is used in an electron accelerator, wherein the klystron device comprises a klystron body, a klystron collector and an electron transmission device.

[0008] The electron transmission device includes a focusing coil and an electron transmission tube, wherein the focusing coil of the electron transmission device is arranged outside the collector of the klystron tube;

[0009] One end of the klystron collector is connected to the end of the klystron body and the other end is connected to the electron transfer tube;

[0010] The electron transfer tube is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube in the electron accelerator;

[0011] A waveguide is provided at the end of the klystron body, and the waveguide is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube. After electrons enter the accelerating tube through the electron transmission tube, they are accelerated by the microwave field transmitted by the waveguide.

[0012] Preferably, the electron transmission tube includes an electron deflection tube and a deflection magnet. The deflection magnet is disposed outside the electron deflection tube. The deflection angle of the electron deflection tube is 90 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the electron transmission tube further comprises a four-way port, the front and rear ports of the four-way port are respectively connected to the electron deflection tube and the accelerating tube, and the two side ports of the four-way port are connected to the titanium pump and the vacuum pumping port.

[0014] Preferably, focusing coils are provided on the tube walls of the front and rear ports of the cross-connection.

[0015] Preferably, a rear port of the cross-way is provided with a through hole of a preset aperture size, and a first beam current transformer is provided on the rear side of the through hole.

[0016] Preferably, a second beam transformer is provided on the rear side of the accelerating tube.

[0017] Preferably, the waveguide is L-shaped.

[0018] Preferably, the waveguide includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide, the first waveguide is L-shaped, the first waveguide connects the klystron body and the second waveguide, and the second waveguide is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube.

[0019] Preferably, the electron transmission tube includes a U-shaped deflection tube and a U-shaped deflection magnet. The U-shaped deflection magnet is disposed outside the U-shaped deflection tube. The deflection angle of the U-shaped deflection tube is 180 degrees.

[0020] The present invention also places a focusing coil on the upper part of the klystron (the original collector position) to focus the scattered electron bunches that originally entered the collector into a beam again. Furthermore, the electron bunches move upward and are deflected 90 degrees under the action of a pair of deflection magnets. An outlet with a suitable aperture size is provided at the end of the electron deflection tube. Because electrons of different energies have different deflection radii in the magnetic field, only electrons with appropriate energy can pass through the through hole.

[0021] The electrons enter the four-way tube, which is equipped with a vacuum pump and a titanium pump (i.e., sputtering ion pump) to maintain an ultra-high vacuum state.

[0022] In order to prevent the electron bunch from dispersing in the four-way tube section, focusing coils are set at the entrance and exit of the four-way tube.

[0023] A beam current transformer is set at the outlet of the four-way tube to detect the intensity of the electron beam current entering the accelerating tube.

[0024] The electrons then enter the accelerating tube.

[0025] In order to achieve a compact structural design, the microwave emission port of the klystron is connected to the microwave inlet of the accelerator tube by two short waveguides. The total length of the waveguide is controlled at about 600 mm, which greatly shortens the microwave transmission distance and reduces the microwave transmission loss.

[0026] The utility model also provides an electron accelerator, which is characterized in that the electron accelerator includes the klystron device as described above.

[0027] On the basis of conforming to the common sense in this field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present utility model.

[0028] The positive progress effect of this utility model is:

[0029] The electron gun on the top of the accelerating tube is eliminated, which simplifies the system structure, reduces system costs and reduces system failure rate.

[0030] The electrons entering the accelerating tube are screened by the aperture at the end of the electron deflection tube, making the entire solution adaptable to the electron requirements of more types of accelerating tubes.

[0031] The shorter waveguide greatly reduces microwave transmission loss and improves the overall energy utilization of the system;

[0032] Through the above design, the overall system is made compact and miniaturized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electron accelerator in the prior art.

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is another structural diagram of an electron accelerator in the prior art.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the electron accelerator of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0036] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of the electron accelerator according to Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the electron accelerator according to Example 1 of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] In this embodiment, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating positions or locations, are based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides an electron accelerator, which includes a klystron device 11 and an accelerating tube 21.

[0042] The klystron device 11 includes a klystron body 111 , a klystron collector 112 , and an electron transmission device 113 .

[0043] The electron transmission device 113 includes a focusing coil 1131 and an electron transmission tube 1132. The focusing coil of the electron transmission device is arranged outside the klystron collector 112.

[0044] One end of the klystron collector 112 is connected to the end of the klystron body 111 and the other end is connected to the electron transfer tube 1132;

[0045] The electron transfer tube 1132 is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube 21 in the electron accelerator;

[0046] A waveguide 114 is provided at the end of the klystron body 111 , and the waveguide 114 is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube. After electrons enter the accelerating tube through the electron transmission tube, they are accelerated by the microwave field transmitted by the waveguide.

[0047] The electron transmission tube includes an electron deflection tube 1133 and a deflection magnet 1134 . The deflection magnet 1134 is disposed outside the electron deflection tube 1133 . The deflection angle of the electron deflection tube 1133 is 90 degrees.

[0048] The electron transfer tube 1132 further includes a four-way port 1135 , the front and rear ports of which are respectively connected to the electron deflection tube 1133 and the accelerating tube 21 , and the two side ports of which are connected to the titanium pump 1136 and the vacuum pumping port 1137 .

[0049] Focusing coils are provided on the tube walls of the front and rear ports of the four-way tube (the figure mark of the four-way focusing coil is 1138).

[0050] The rear port of the four-way is provided with a through hole with a preset aperture size, and the rear side of the through hole is provided with a first beam mutual inductor 1139.

[0051] An outlet with a suitable aperture size is set at the end of the electron deflection tube. Because electrons with different energies have different deflection radii in the magnetic field, only electrons with appropriate energy can pass through the hole.

[0052] A second beam transformer 1140 is provided at the rear side of the accelerating tube.

[0053] The waveguide is in an L-shape.

[0054] An accelerating tube focusing coil 211 is provided on the accelerating tube.

[0055] The waveguide 114 includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first waveguide is L-shaped and connects the klystron body and the second waveguide. The second waveguide is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube.

[0056] In other embodiments, the electron transmission tube includes a U-shaped deflection tube and a U-shaped deflection magnet, wherein the U-shaped deflection magnet is disposed outside the U-shaped deflection tube, and the deflection angle of the U-shaped deflection tube is 180 degrees. The waveguide is in the shape of a straight line.

[0057] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A klystron device for an electron accelerator, characterized in that: The klystron device includes a klystron body, a klystron collector and an electron transmission device. The electron transmission device includes a focusing coil and an electron transmission tube, wherein the focusing coil of the electron transmission device is arranged outside the collector of the klystron tube; One end of the klystron collector is connected to the end of the klystron body and the other end is connected to the electron transfer tube; The electron transfer tube is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube in the electron accelerator; A waveguide is provided at the end of the klystron body, and the waveguide is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube. After electrons enter the accelerating tube through the electron transmission tube, they are accelerated by the microwave field transmitted by the waveguide.

2. The klystron device according to claim 1, wherein: The electron transmission tube includes an electron deflection tube and a deflection magnet. The deflection magnet is arranged outside the electron deflection tube. The deflection angle of the electron deflection tube is 90 degrees.

3. The klystron device according to claim 2, wherein: The electron transmission tube further comprises a four-way port, the front and rear ports of the four-way port are respectively connected to the electron deflection tube and the accelerating tube, and the two side ports of the four-way port are connected to the titanium pump and the vacuum pumping port.

4. The klystron device according to claim 3, wherein: Focusing coils are provided on the tube walls of the front and rear ports of the cross-connection.

5. The klystron device according to claim 4, wherein: A through hole with a preset aperture size is provided at the rear port of the cross-way, and a first beam current mutual inductor is provided at the rear side of the through hole.

6. The klystron device according to claim 5, wherein: A second beam current transformer is provided on the rear side of the accelerating tube.

7. The klystron device according to claim 2, wherein: The waveguide is in an L-shape.

8. The klystron device according to claim 7, wherein: The waveguide includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first waveguide is L-shaped and connects the klystron body and the second waveguide. The second waveguide is connected to the front end of the accelerating tube.

9. The klystron device according to claim 1, wherein: The electron transmission tube includes a U-shaped deflection tube and a U-shaped deflection magnet. The U-shaped deflection magnet is arranged outside the U-shaped deflection tube. The deflection angle of the U-shaped deflection tube is 180 degrees.

10. An electron accelerator, characterized in that: The electron accelerator comprises the klystron device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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