Automatic auxiliary brake device of drilling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of drilling equipment, in particular to an automatic auxiliary brake device of a drilling machine. The device comprises a host, and a pressure transmitter, an encoder, an electric control air valve, an electric control pressure regulating valve and a loudspeaker which are connected with the host, wherein the pressure transmitter is arranged in a hydraulic pipeline of a dead line anchor; the encoder is mounted on a rotating shaft on one side of the winch; the electric control air valve and the electric control pressure regulating valve are respectively connected in series to an air path between the main air source and the water brake; the loudspeaker is arranged on the back side of the host. Data are collected through the pressure transmitter, data are processed through the main control board, braking force is controlled through the electric control air valve and the electric control pressure regulating valve, voice prompt is provided through the loudspeaker, a closed-loop automatic control system is formed, and automation and intellectualization of auxiliary braking are achieved. The occurrence of a drilling pause accident is prevented, and the safety of field equipment and workers is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling equipment safety monitoring technology, specifically to an automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs. Background Technology

[0002] At present, small drilling rigs (such as the 30-type, 40-type drilling rigs and truck-mounted drilling rigs) generally use winches to drive the traveling block, and their braking system combines hydraulic disc brakes and pneumatic-controlled water pressure auxiliary braking mechanisms. When the traveling block hook bears a large load, the effective intervention of the auxiliary brake is crucial to ensuring operational safety. Given the core impact of the performance of the drilling rig braking system on the safety and efficiency of drilling operations, the industry continues to explore improvement solutions. Although there are already nuclear tank truck control systems disclosed in Chinese patent CN107367930A, which demonstrate the advanced nature of automated control and signal acquisition and have the ability to monitor and operate for a long time without external power, such systems are mostly focused on tank truck application scenarios, and in actual applications on drilling equipment, they still face problems such as insufficient response speed and insufficient control accuracy. The currently widely used manual operation pneumatic-controlled water pressure auxiliary braking method faces several significant challenges: (1) The manual estimation of the load size is easily affected by subjective factors, resulting in insufficient air pressure adjustment and affecting the braking effect. (2) The operation response is delayed, and the auxiliary brake is often activated only when the traveling block is close to the low position, which increases the risk of drilling blockage. (3) Improper operation during the brake release process can cause sudden stops, which can lead to the main rope becoming tangled or broken, affecting the continuity of operation and equipment safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] An automatic auxiliary braking device for a drilling rig includes a main unit, and a pressure transmitter, encoder, electrically controlled air valve, electrically controlled pressure regulating valve, and speaker connected to the main unit, wherein:

[0006] The main unit is rectangular in shape and has a built-in 32-bit main control board, which is installed in the driller's cabin.

[0007] The pressure transmitter is installed in the hydraulic line of the dead rope fixer. The pressure transmitter is connected to the main control board through a two-wire shielded cable. The pressure signal collected by the pressure transmitter is converted into 4-20mA and transmitted to the main control board.

[0008] The encoder is installed on one side of the winch shaft. The encoder is connected to the main control board through a six-core shielded cable. The encoder detects the rotation and direction of the winch and outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals to the main control board.

[0009] The electrically controlled air valve and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve are connected in series in the air circuit between the main air source and the water brake. The electrically controlled air valve is connected to the main control board through a two-wire shielded cable, and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve is connected to the main control board through a five-core shielded cable. The electrically controlled air valve and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve receive the air pressure signal and the pressure regulating signal from the main control board, respectively.

[0010] The speaker is located on the back of the main unit. It is connected to the main control board via a two-core cable and receives voice prompts from the main control board.

[0011] This technical solution uses a pressure transmitter to collect data, processes the data on a main control board, and then controls the braking force through electrically controlled pneumatic valves and electrically controlled pressure regulating valves. Voice prompts are provided via a speaker, forming a closed-loop automated control system. Specifically, the pressure transmitter is installed in the hydraulic lines of the dead rope anchor to monitor pressure changes in the hydraulic system in real time. The pressure transmitter converts the collected pressure signal into a standard 4-20mA current signal, enabling long-distance transmission without significant interference. An encoder is installed on one side of the winch's shaft to detect the winch's rotation speed and direction. The encoder outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals containing information about the winch's rotation, such as speed, acceleration, and position. The main control board receives and processes signals from the pressure transmitter and encoder. The main control board uses a 32-bit processor and can analyze the pressure status of the hydraulic system and the winch's rotation in real time. The system monitors the vehicle's movement status. Electronically controlled air valves and pressure regulating valves are connected in series in the air path between the main air source and the water brake, controlling the braking pressure and force of the water brake. The main control board sends air pressure signals to the electronically controlled air valves to open or close them, thereby regulating the air supply to the water brake. It also sends pressure regulating signals to the electronically controlled pressure regulating valve to adjust the braking pressure of the water brake, thus controlling the braking force. A speaker is located on the back of the main unit to provide voice prompts to the operator. When an abnormal situation is detected or when operator attention is required, the main control board sends a voice prompt signal to the speaker, reminding the operator to take appropriate measures through voice broadcast.

[0012] In addition, the automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs proposed above according to this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the host includes a housing, and an interface is provided on the back side of the housing. One end of the interface is connected to the main control board, and the other end of the interface is connected to a two-wire shielded cable, a five-core shielded cable, a six-core shielded cable, and an external battery, respectively.

[0014] In this technical solution, shielded cables with two, five, or six cores are used to connect the interfaces in order to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) on signal transmission. The shielding layer can effectively isolate external interference signals and also enhance the diversity and complexity of signal transmission.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a TFT color display screen is provided on the front of the housing. The information displayed on the TFT color display screen includes the running height and speed of the traveling trolley, the load value of the hook, and the working status of the auxiliary brake.

[0016] In this technical solution, the data displayed on the TFT color screen comes from the automatic auxiliary braking device inside the drilling rig. For example, the traveling height and speed of the traveling block are obtained through an encoder; the hook load value is measured by a pressure transmitter; and the working status of the auxiliary brake is directly provided by the main control board.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure transmitter is connected to a tee connector of the hydraulic pipeline via a quick connector, and the tee connector is connected to a dead rope fastener, which is used to convert the tension into the liquid pressure of the hydraulic pipeline.

[0018] In this technical solution, the dead-rope anchor converts the received tension into hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pipeline via a diaphragm. When the tension is applied, the diaphragm moves, and the hydraulic fluid in the pipeline is compressed, generating corresponding pressure. A pressure transmitter connected to the tee connector has a pressure-sensitive element that converts the sensed pressure into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the main control board via a two-wire shielded cable. The main control board can monitor the pressure status of the hydraulic pipeline in real time based on the received pressure signal. If the pressure exceeds the preset range, the main control board adjusts relevant parameters in the drilling operation, such as reducing the speed of the traveling block or stopping the operation.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electro-pneumatic valve is a pilot-operated electro-pneumatic valve with model number ISO 5599-1.

[0020] In this technical solution, the air circuit design of the pilot-operated electro-pneumatic valve includes a main air circuit and a pilot air circuit. The pilot air circuit controls the opening and closing of the main air circuit through a small pilot valve. When the electromagnet is not energized, the pilot valve is in the closed state and the main air circuit is not open. When the electromagnet is energized, the pilot valve opens, allowing pilot gas to enter the main air circuit and drive the main valve core to move.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body is disposed in the air circuit, and the valve core uses a stepper motor to adjust the opening of the valve body, thereby regulating the airflow in the air circuit.

[0022] In this technical solution, under a given pressure difference, the gas flow rate through the valve body can be controlled by adjusting the valve core opening. A stepper motor controls the valve core displacement through its step angle, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the valve body opening.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0024] Data is collected by a pressure transmitter, processed by the main control board, and then the braking force is controlled by an electrically controlled air valve and an electrically controlled pressure regulating valve. Voice prompts are provided through a speaker, forming a closed-loop automated control system that automates and intelligently controls auxiliary braking, prevents drilling accidents, and ensures the safety of on-site equipment and personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural connection diagram of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle connection of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural connection diagram of the dead rope fastener.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Main unit; 2. Speaker; 3. External battery; 4. Pressure transmitter; 5. Hydraulic pipeline; 6. Dead rope anchor; 7. Encoder; 8. Winch; 9. Water brake; 10. Electrically controlled air valve; 11. Electrically controlled pressure regulating valve; 12. Main air source; 13. Main control board. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an automatic auxiliary braking device for a drilling rig, including a main unit 1, and a pressure transmitter 4, an encoder 7, an electrically controlled air valve 10, an electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11, and a speaker 2 connected to the main unit 1, wherein:

[0032] Main unit 1 is rectangular in shape and has a built-in 32-bit main control board, which is installed in the driller's cabin;

[0033] Pressure transmitter 4 is installed in the hydraulic line 5 of dead rope fastener 6, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pressure transmitter 4 is connected to the main control board via a two-wire shielded cable. The pressure signal collected by the pressure transmitter 4 is converted into 4-20mA and transmitted to the main control board.

[0034] Encoder 7 is installed on one side of the shaft of winch 8. Encoder 7 is connected to the main control board through a six-core shielded cable. Encoder 7 detects the rotation and direction of winch 8 and outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals to the main control board.

[0035] The electrically controlled air valve 10 and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 are connected in series in the air circuit between the main air source 12 and the water brake 9. The electrically controlled air valve 10 is connected to the main control board through a two-wire shielded cable, and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 is connected to the main control board through a five-core shielded cable. The electrically controlled air valve 10 and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 receive the air pressure signal and the pressure regulating signal from the main control board, respectively.

[0036] Speaker 2 is located on the back of host 1. Speaker 2 is connected to the main control board via a two-core cable and receives voice prompts from the main control board.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this technical solution uses a pressure transmitter 4 to collect data, processes the data using a main control board, and then controls the braking force through an electrically controlled pneumatic valve 10 and an electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11. Voice prompts are provided through a speaker 2, forming a closed-loop automated control system. Specifically, the pressure transmitter 4 is installed in the hydraulic line 5 of the dead rope fixing device 6 to monitor the pressure changes of the hydraulic system in real time. The pressure transmitter 4 converts the collected pressure signal into a standard 4-20mA current signal, which can be transmitted over long distances without being easily interfered with. The encoder 7 is installed on one side of the winch 8's shaft to detect the winch 8's rotation speed and direction. The encoder 7 outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals containing information about the winch 8's rotation, such as speed, acceleration, and position. The main control board receives and processes signals from the pressure transmitter 4 and the encoder 7. The main control board uses a 32-bit processor and can analyze the pressure status of the hydraulic system and the winch 8 in real time. In motion; the electronically controlled air valve 10 and the electronically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 are connected in series in the air path between the main air source 12 and the water brake 9, respectively, to control the braking pressure and braking force of the water brake 9; the main control board sends an air pressure signal to the electronically controlled air valve 10 to control its opening or closing, thereby regulating the air supply to the water brake 9; it sends a pressure regulating signal to the electronically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 to adjust the braking pressure of the water brake 9, thereby controlling the braking force; the speaker 2 is located on the back of the main unit 1 to provide voice prompts to the operator; when an abnormal situation is detected or when the operator needs to pay attention, the main control board will send a voice prompt signal to the speaker 2 to remind the operator to take appropriate measures through voice broadcast.

[0038] In addition, the automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs proposed above according to this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0039] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the host 1 includes a housing, and an interface is provided on the back side of the housing. One end of the interface is connected to the main control board, and the other end of the interface is connected to a two-wire shielded cable, a five-core shielded cable, a six-core shielded cable, and an external battery 3, respectively.

[0040] In this technical solution, shielded cables with two, five, or six cores are used to connect the interfaces in order to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) on signal transmission. The shielding layer can effectively isolate external interference signals and also enhance the diversity and complexity of signal transmission.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a TFT color display screen is provided on the front of the housing. The information displayed on the TFT color display screen includes the running height and speed of the traveling trolley, the load value of the hook, and the working status of the auxiliary brake.

[0042] In this technical solution, the data displayed on the TFT color screen comes from the automatic auxiliary braking device inside the drilling rig. For example, the traveling height and speed of the traveling block are obtained through encoder 7; the hook load value is measured by pressure transmitter 4; and the working status of the auxiliary brake is directly provided by the main control board.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure transmitter 4 is connected to the tee connector of the hydraulic line 5 via a quick connector, and the tee connector is connected to the dead rope fastener 6, which is used to convert the tension into the liquid pressure of the hydraulic line 5.

[0044] In this technical solution, the dead rope fixing device 6 converts the received tension into liquid pressure in the hydraulic line 5 via a diaphragm. When the tension is applied, the diaphragm moves, and the liquid in the hydraulic line 5 is compressed, generating corresponding pressure. The pressure transmitter 4, connected to the tee connector, has a pressure-sensitive element that converts the sensed pressure into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the main control board via a two-wire shielded cable. The main control board can monitor the pressure status of the hydraulic line 5 in real time based on the received pressure signal. If the pressure exceeds the preset range, the main control board adjusts relevant parameters in the drilling operation, such as reducing the speed of the traveling block or stopping the operation.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electro-pneumatic valve 10 is a pilot-operated electro-pneumatic valve 10 with model number ISO 5599-1.

[0046] In this technical solution, the air circuit design of the pilot-operated electro-pneumatic valve 10 includes a main air circuit and a pilot air circuit. The pilot air circuit controls the opening and closing of the main air circuit through a small pilot valve. When the electromagnet is not energized, the pilot valve is in the closed state and the main air circuit is not open. When the electromagnet is energized, the pilot valve opens, allowing pilot gas to enter the main air circuit and drive the main valve core to move.

[0047] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve 11 includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body is disposed in the air circuit, and the valve core uses a stepper motor to adjust the opening of the valve body, thereby regulating the airflow in the air circuit.

[0048] In this technical solution, under a given pressure difference, the gas flow rate through the valve body can be controlled by adjusting the valve core opening. A stepper motor controls the valve core displacement through its step angle, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the valve body opening.

[0049] The usage process of the above embodiments is as follows:

[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, during the drilling process, the load borne by the traveling block hook is converted into tension on the dead rope. This tension is converted into liquid pressure by the dead rope fixing sensor. The pressure transmitter 4, installed on the tee of the hydraulic line 5, converts the liquid pressure into -mA current, which is transmitted to the interface of the main control board via a two-core shielded cable. The main control board obtains the hook load based on the tension on the dead rope. When the winch 8 drives the traveling block, the encoder 7, installed on one side of the shaft of the winch 8, rotates and outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals, which are transmitted to the interface of the main control board via a six-core shielded cable to obtain the height and speed of the traveling block. On the other hand, the main unit 1 obtains the brake air pressure based on the load magnitude. The main control board automatically controls the electric pressure regulating valve 11 to regulate the pressure, and on the other hand, it automatically controls the electric air valve 10 to control the on / off of the brake air according to the height and speed of the traveling car. Specifically, when the traveling car descends to a height lower than the preset height and the descending speed exceeds the preset speed value, the main control board drives the electric air valve 10 to open, and the brake air enters the water brake 9 to perform auxiliary braking. At the same time, the main control board drives the speaker 2 to emit a clear voice prompt "Auxiliary brake activated!" If it is necessary to release the auxiliary brake, simply touch the "Release Brake" button on the display screen, and the main control board drives the speaker 2 to emit a clear voice prompt "Auxiliary brake released!"

[0051] It should be noted that this utility model does not improve the software; the processing algorithms used on the main control board are all conventional technologies. This utility model only improves the hardware.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made to the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and such modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope of the present invention. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should also be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic auxiliary braking device for a drilling rig, characterized in that, Includes a main unit (1), and a pressure transmitter (4), encoder (7), electrically controlled pneumatic valve (10), electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (11), and speaker (2) connected to the main unit (1), wherein: The main unit (1) is rectangular in shape and has a built-in 32-bit main control board, which is installed in the driller's room; The pressure transmitter (4) is installed in the hydraulic line (5) of the dead rope fixing device (6). The pressure transmitter (4) is connected to the main control board through a two-wire shielded cable. The pressure signal collected by the pressure transmitter (4) is converted into 4-20mA and transmitted to the main control board. The encoder (7) is installed on one side of the shaft of the winch (8). The encoder (7) is connected to the main control board through a six-core shielded cable. The encoder (7) detects the rotation and direction of the winch (8) and outputs orthogonal encoded pulse signals to the main control board. The electrically controlled air valve (10) and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (11) are connected in series in the air line between the main air source (12) and the water brake (9). The electrically controlled air valve (10) is connected to the main control board through a two-wire shielded cable, and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (11) is connected to the main control board through a five-core shielded cable. The electrically controlled air valve (10) and the electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (11) receive the air pressure signal and the pressure regulating signal from the main control board, respectively. The speaker (2) is located on the back of the host (1). The speaker (2) is connected to the main control board via a two-core cable and receives voice prompts from the main control board.

2. The automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The host (1) includes a housing, and an interface is provided on the back side of the housing. One end of the interface is connected to the main control board, and the other end of the interface is connected to a two-wire shielded cable, a five-core shielded cable, a six-core shielded cable, and an external battery (3).

3. The automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The front of the housing is equipped with a TFT color display screen, which displays information including the traveling height and speed of the trolley, the load value of the hook, and the working status of the auxiliary brake.

4. The automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure transmitter (4) is connected to the tee connector of the hydraulic line (5) via a quick connector. The tee connector is connected to the dead rope fastener (6), which is used to convert the tension into the liquid pressure of the hydraulic line (5).

5. The automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-pneumatic valve (10) is a pilot-operated electro-pneumatic valve (10) with model number ISO 5599-1.

6. The automatic auxiliary braking device for drilling rigs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electrically controlled pressure regulating valve (11) includes a valve body and a valve core. The valve body is located on the air path, and the valve core uses a stepper motor to adjust the opening of the valve body, thereby controlling the airflow in the air path.

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