One-drag-N optical path system for LPBF forming and 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a one-drag-N optical path system for LPBF forming and a 3D printer. The light path system comprises a first movable mirror base, a first spectroscope, a first linear driving unit and a first reflecting mirror. Wherein the first movable lens base is provided with a first light hole, and the first spectroscope is arranged in the first light hole; the first spectroscope is configured to be capable of dividing a laser beam projected on the first spectroscope into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam; the first linear driving unit can drive the first movable lens base to move linearly. In use, after a laser beam is projected to the first spectroscope, a transmission beam is projected to a first laser demand end, a reflection beam is reflected to the first reflector, and the first reflector reflects the reflection beam to a second laser demand end. The laser beams of one laser can be supplied to the two laser demand ends, the high-power laser can be used, and compared with the mode that each printing device is provided with a low-power laser, the overall cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, specifically to a 1-to-N optical path system and a 3D printer for LPBF forming. Background Technology

[0002] Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technology is an important branch of laser additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Based on the principle of layer-by-layer manufacturing and building up, LPBF technology can use software to slice the three-dimensional model of a part into layers, and then emit a laser beam through a laser source. The laser beam is guided by an optical path system to the printing plane, and selectively fuses powder particles layer by layer to directly obtain high-performance, high-density metal parts.

[0003] Currently, in order to achieve high efficiency and large print size, multiple optical path systems are mainly used to print simultaneously. Each optical path system is equipped with a fiber laser. Each optical path system works simultaneously in its own zone during the forming process. The zones are spliced ​​together to form a complete printed pattern, which multiplies the forming size and forming efficiency of the printing equipment.

[0004] While using multiple optical systems simultaneously for printing greatly increases printing efficiency, some problems also exist in its use: First, in the optical system of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, each optical system needs to be equipped with a laser for printing, which makes the overall cost high; second, since each optical system needs to be equipped with a laser, the common demand of a single optical system is far less than the full power of a single laser, resulting in a waste of laser power. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a 1-to-N optical path system and a 3D printer for LPBF forming, wherein the optical path system is capable of distributing the laser beam of one laser to at least two optical path systems for use.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming, comprising:

[0008] A first movable mirror mount, wherein the first movable mirror mount is provided with a first light aperture;

[0009] A first beam splitter is disposed within a first optical aperture. The first beam splitter is configured to split a laser beam projected thereon into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam, wherein the transmitted beam corresponds to the first laser demand end.

[0010] A first linear drive unit is configured to drive a first movable mirror mount in a linear motion.

[0011] A first reflector is configured to reflect the reflected beam to a second laser demand end.

[0012] By adopting the above scheme, during use, the laser emits a laser beam, which is then projected onto the first beam splitter, splitting into a transmitted beam and a reflected beam. The transmitted beam is projected onto the first laser demand end, while the reflected beam is reflected back to the first reflecting mirror, which then reflects the reflected beam to the second laser demand end. When the second laser demand end does not require a laser beam, the first linear drive unit drives the first movable mirror mount to move linearly, causing the first beam splitter to leave the path of the laser beam, thus ensuring that the laser beam only reaches the first laser demand end. The linear drive unit allows for easy switching of the laser to provide a laser beam to one or two printing devices, offering high flexibility. Since the laser beam from one laser can supply two or more laser demand ends, a high-power laser can be selected, resulting in lower overall costs compared to configuring a lower-power laser for each printing device.

[0013] Preferably, the first movable mirror mount is further provided with a second optical aperture, which is distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror mount. A second reflector is provided inside the second optical aperture. When the second reflector is located in the path of the laser beam, it can reflect the laser beam back to the first reflector. The second reflector can reflect the entire laser beam back to the first reflector, so that the entire laser beam is supplied to the second laser demand end. The first linear drive unit drives the first movable mirror mount to move, which allows for easy switching of the second reflector onto the path of the laser beam, thereby facilitating the switching of the laser beam supplying only to the second laser demand end, only to the first laser demand end, or simultaneously to both the first and second laser demand ends.

[0014] Preferably, the first movable mirror mount is further provided with a third optical aperture. The third optical aperture and the second optical aperture are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror mount. When the third optical aperture is located in the path of the laser beam, the laser beam can pass through the third optical aperture. By driving the first movable mirror mount with the first linear drive unit, the third optical aperture can be easily moved into the path of the laser beam, and the laser beam can directly reach the first laser demand end through the third optical aperture.

[0015] Preferably, the system further includes at least one second movable mirror mount and a second linear drive unit corresponding to the second movable mirror mount. The second movable mirror mount has a first through hole, within which a second beam splitter is disposed. The second beam splitter is located on the path of the reflected beam and is configured to split the reflected beam into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other beam passes through the second beam splitter. The second linear drive unit is configured to drive the corresponding second movable mirror mount to move linearly. When a laser beam needs to be supplied to both the second and third laser demand ends simultaneously, the second linear drive unit drives the second movable mirror mount to move linearly, thereby positioning the second beam splitter on the path of the reflected beam. The reflected beam is split into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other beam, after passing through the second beam splitter, is reflected by a first reflector to the second laser demand end.

[0016] Preferably, there are two or more second movable mirror mounts along the path of the reflected beam. By providing two or more second movable mirror mounts, and corresponding second beam splitters and second linear drive units, the laser beam from one laser can be supplied to N optical path systems. This effectively reduces the number of lasers and the number of lasers and connected devices, greatly saving installation space.

[0017] Preferably, the second movable mirror mount is further provided with a second through hole, which is distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror mount with the first through hole. A third reflecting mirror is provided in the second through hole. When the third reflecting mirror is located in the path of the reflected beam, the third reflecting mirror can reflect the reflected beam to the third laser demand end. When the laser beam does not need to be supplied to the second laser demand end, by moving the third reflecting mirror into the path of the reflected beam, the third reflecting mirror will reflect the entire reflected beam to the third laser demand end.

[0018] Preferably, the second movable mirror mount is further provided with a third through hole. The third through hole and the second through hole are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror mount. When the third through hole is located on the path of the reflected beam, the reflected beam can pass through the third through hole. When the laser beam does not need to be supplied to the third laser demand end, the second movable mirror mount is moved by the second linear drive unit, so that the third through hole moves into the path of the reflected beam, and the reflected beam directly reaches the first reflecting mirror through the third through hole.

[0019] Preferably, the system also includes a housing, in which the first movable mirror mount, the second movable mirror mount, and the first reflector are all disposed. The housing has a plurality of first light-passing holes for the laser beam to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end, and the third laser demand end, respectively, as well as second light-passing holes for the laser beam to pass through. The housing encloses the laser beam in a sealed space, thereby preventing external environmental interference.

[0020] Preferably, the housing includes a first cylindrical body arranged horizontally, a second cylindrical body and a third cylindrical body connected to the first cylindrical body, the second cylindrical body and the third cylindrical body being arranged perpendicularly to the first cylindrical body, the first movable lens mount being slidably connected to the second cylindrical body, the third cylindrical body being correspondingly arranged to the second movable lens mount, the second movable lens mount being slidably connected to the corresponding third cylindrical body, and the first light-passing hole and the second light-passing hole being provided on the first cylindrical body.

[0021] Secondly, this utility model also provides a 3D printer, including the above-mentioned 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming.

[0022] In summary, the 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming provided by this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. It can flexibly switch one laser to supply laser beams to one or more optical path systems.

[0024] 2. The number of lasers and the associated equipment connected to them has been reduced, thus lowering costs.

[0025] 3. Reduces the installation space required for multiple lasers. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any novel effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from a frontal view.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a left view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 3An enlarged view of point a in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first movable mirror base, the second movable mirror base, and the fixed mirror base in this utility model (which shows the optical path when a laser supplies three laser demand ends).

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from a rear viewpoint.

[0034] The reference numerals in the attached drawings include: first movable mirror mount 1, first optical aperture 2, first beam splitter 3, laser beam 4, reflected beam 5, transmitted beam 6, housing 7, first cylinder 701, bottom shell 7011, side cover 7012, second cylinder 702, third cylinder 703, mounting port 704, end cover 705, first light passage 706, second light passage 707, linear motor 8, stator 801, mover 802, first reflector 9, second optical aperture 10, third optical aperture 11, second movable mirror mount 12, first through hole 13, second beam splitter 14, second through hole 15, third reflector 16, third through hole 17, fixed mirror mount 18, laser collimator 19, and second reflector 20. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-7 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0036] Please see Figure 1-7The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming provided in this embodiment includes: a first movable mirror mount 1, a first beam splitter 3, a first linear drive unit, and a first reflector 9. The first movable mirror mount 1 has a first optical aperture 2; the first beam splitter 3 is disposed within the first optical aperture 2, with its surface flush with the surface of the first movable mirror mount 1. The first beam splitter 3 is configured to split the laser beam 4 projected onto it into a reflected beam 5 and a transmitted beam 6, with the transmitted beam 6 corresponding to the first laser demand end; the first linear drive unit is configured to drive the first movable mirror mount 1 in linear motion, specifically vertical linear motion; the first reflector 9 is configured to reflect the reflected beam 5 to the second laser demand end. A laser collimator 19 is also included, through which the laser beam 4 emitted by the laser passes before reaching the first beam splitter 3. The laser collimator 19 is existing technology. In this embodiment, specifically, the first beam splitter 3 and the first reflector 9 are both set at a 45° angle, and are positioned opposite each other. This 45° angle arrangement ensures that when the laser beam 4 emitted by the laser is projected onto the first beam splitter 3, the laser beam 4 is split into a transmitted beam 6 and a reflected beam 5. The transmitted beam 6 and the reflected beam 5 are perpendicular, and the path of the reflected beam 5 after reflection by the first reflector 9 is parallel to that of the transmitted beam 6. This allows for a more compact arrangement of multiple optical path systems.

[0037] By adopting the above scheme, during use, a laser beam 4 is emitted by the laser. After passing through the laser collimator 19, the laser beam 4 is projected onto the first beam splitter 3, where it is split into a transmitted beam 6 and a reflected beam 5. The transmitted beam 6 is projected to the first laser demand end, while the reflected beam 5 is reflected to the first reflector 9, which then reflects the reflected beam 5 to the second laser demand end. When the second laser demand end does not require the laser beam 4, the first linear drive unit drives the first movable mirror mount 1 to move linearly, causing the first beam splitter 3 to leave the path of the laser beam 4, thus ensuring that the laser beam 4 only reaches the first laser demand end. The linear drive unit allows for easy switching of the laser to provide the laser beam 4 to one or two printing devices, offering high flexibility. Since the laser beam 4 of one laser can supply two or more laser demand ends, a high-power laser can be selected, resulting in lower overall costs compared to configuring a lower-power laser for each optical path system.

[0038] Please see Figure 6To facilitate the cutting off of laser supply to the first laser demand end, preferably, the first movable mirror base 1 is also provided with a second optical aperture 10. The second optical aperture 10 and the first optical aperture 2 are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror base 1, that is, distributed vertically. A second reflector 20 is provided inside the second optical aperture 10, and the surface of the second reflector 20 is flush with the surface of the first movable mirror base 1. When the second reflector 20 is located in the path of the laser beam 4, the second reflector 20 can reflect the entire laser beam 4 back to the first reflector 9.

[0039] Please continue reading. Figure 6 In some embodiments, the first movable mirror mount 1 is further provided with a third optical aperture 11, and the third optical aperture 11 and the second optical aperture 10 are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror mount 1. When the third optical aperture 11 is located in the path of the laser beam 4, the third optical aperture 11 allows the laser beam 4 to pass through. Specifically, the third optical aperture 11, the first optical aperture 2, and the second optical aperture 10 are distributed sequentially from top to bottom on the first movable mirror mount 1, and the first optical aperture 2, the second optical aperture 10, and the third optical aperture 11 all penetrate the front and rear sides of the first movable mirror mount 1.

[0040] Please continue reading. Figure 6 To enable a single laser to simultaneously supply light to multiple optical systems, preferably, at least one second movable mirror mount 12 and a second linear drive unit corresponding to the second movable mirror mount 12 are included. The second movable mirror mount 12 has a first through hole 13, within which a second beam splitter 14 is disposed. The second beam splitter 14 is located on the path of the reflected beam 5 and is configured to split the reflected beam 5 into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other beam passes through the second beam splitter 14. The second linear drive unit is configured to drive the corresponding second movable mirror mount 12 to move linearly. The first beam splitter 3 and the second beam splitter 14 are both prior art. When the laser beam 4 is projected onto the beam splitter, the laser beam 4 is split into two beams, one of which is a transmitted beam 6 that passes through the beam splitter, and the other beam is the reflected beam 5.

[0041] To enable a single laser to simultaneously supply light to multiple optical systems, it is preferable to have two or more second movable mirror mounts 12 along the path of the reflected beam 5. By increasing the number of second movable mirror mounts 12 and the corresponding second beam splitters 14 and second linear drive units, a single laser can simultaneously supply light to more optical systems.

[0042] Please continue reading. Figure 6The second movable mirror mount 12 is also provided with a second through hole 15. The second through hole 15 and the first through hole 13 are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror mount 12, that is, they are distributed vertically on the second movable mirror mount 12. A third reflecting mirror 16 is provided in the second through hole 15. When the third reflecting mirror 16 is located in the path of the reflected beam 5, the third reflecting mirror 16 can reflect the reflected beam 5 to the third laser demand end. The second movable mirror mount 12 is also provided with a third through hole 17. The third through hole 17 and the second through hole 15 are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror mount 12. When the third through hole 17 is located in the path of the reflected beam 5, the third through hole 17 can allow the reflected beam 5 to pass through. Specifically, the third through hole 17, the first through hole 13, and the third through hole 17 are distributed sequentially from top to bottom on the second movable mirror mount 12. The first through hole 13, the second through hole 15, and the third through hole 17 all penetrate the left and right sides of the second movable mirror mount 12. Both the first movable mirror base 1 and the second movable mirror base 12 are cylindrical, and both have a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section with a 45° hypotenuse. The hypotenuse of the first movable mirror base 1 faces the second movable mirror base 12, and the hypotenuse of the second movable mirror base 12 faces the first movable mirror base 1.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 Preferably, the system also includes a housing 7, in which the first movable mirror mount 1, the second movable mirror mount 12, and the first reflector 9 are all disposed. The housing 7 is provided with a plurality of first light-passing holes 706 for the laser beam to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end, and the third laser demand end, respectively, and second light-passing holes 707 for the laser beam 4 to pass through.

[0044] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 7Specifically, the housing 7 includes a horizontally arranged first cylindrical body 701, with a second cylindrical body 702 and a third cylindrical body 703 connected to it. Both the second and third cylindrical bodies 702 and 703 are perpendicular to the first cylindrical body 701. The first cylindrical body 701 has connections to both its upper and lower sides, with corresponding connections between the upper and lower sides of the first cylindrical body 701 and the second cylindrical bodies 702. Specifically, the first cylindrical body 701 includes a bottom shell 7011 and a side cover 7012. An opening is provided on the front side of the first cylindrical body 701, and the side cover 7012 is located at the opening on the front side of the bottom shell 7011. The side cover 7012 is detachably connected to the bottom shell 7011, specifically through bolts or other detachable connection methods. A second light-passing hole 707 is formed on the side cover 7012, and a first light-passing hole 706 is formed on the rear side of the bottom shell 7011. Both the second cylinder 702 and the third cylinder 703 are vertically oriented, with the third cylinder 703 positioned to the left of the second cylinder 702. A first movable lens mount 1 is slidably connected within the second cylinder 702, allowing it to slide vertically relative to the second cylinder 702. The third cylinder 703 corresponds to the second movable lens mount 12, which is slidably connected within the corresponding third cylinder 703. A first light-passing hole 706 and a second light-passing hole 707 are both located on the first cylinder 701. To improve the stability of the vertical movement of the first movable lens mount 1 and the second movable lens mount 12, the shape of the connection between the first cylinder 701 and the second cylinder 702 is a right-angled trapezoid matching the cross-section of the first movable lens mount 1, and the shape of the connection between the first cylinder 701 and the third cylinder 703 is a right-angled trapezoid matching the cross-section of the second movable lens mount 12. To facilitate fixing the first reflector 9, a fixing mount 18 is also included. The first reflector 9 is fixedly mounted on the fixing mount 18, and the fixing mount 18 is fixedly connected to the inside of the bottom shell 7011.

[0045] To facilitate the installation of the first movable mirror mount 1, preferably, the end of the second cylinder 702 has an installation port 704, which is closed by a detachably connected end cap 705. The installation port 704 facilitates the installation and removal of the first movable mirror mount 1. To facilitate the installation of the second movable mirror mount 12, the end of the third cylinder 703 has an installation port 704, which is also closed by a detachably connected end cap 705.

[0046] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4Preferably, the first linear drive unit includes a linear motor 8, which is a prior art technology. Specifically, the linear motor 8 includes a stator 801 and a mover 802. The linear motor 8 can drive the mover 802 to move linearly, thereby driving the first movable mirror mount 1 to move linearly. The stator 801 of the linear motor 8 is embedded in the inner wall of the second cylinder 702, and the mover 802 of the linear motor 8 is embedded in the outer wall of the first movable mirror mount 1. The first linear drive unit and the second linear drive unit can adopt the same structure. Alternatively, the first linear drive unit and the second linear drive unit can also adopt linear drive structures such as lead screw structures commonly used in the prior art.

[0047] Working process: When the laser only needs to supply laser light to the first laser demand end, the first linear drive unit drives the first movable mirror mount 1 to move vertically, so that the third optical aperture 11 corresponds to the laser beam 4, and the entire laser beam 4 passes through the third optical aperture 11 to reach the first laser demand end. When the laser only needs to supply laser light to the first laser demand end and the second laser demand end, the first beam splitter 3 is adjusted to be on the path of the laser beam 4, and the third through-hole 17 is adjusted to be on the path of the reflected beam 5. The transmitted beam 6 is supplied to the first laser demand end, and the reflected beam 5 is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 9 and supplied to the second laser demand end. When the laser needs to supply laser light to the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end, and the third laser demand end, the first beam splitter 3 and the second beam splitter 14 are adjusted to be on the laser path, so that the laser light is supplied to the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end, and the third laser demand end. By adopting the scheme of this embodiment, the laser light from one laser can be supplied to N laser demand ends, or the laser light can be adjusted to be supplied to one or several laser demand ends.

[0048] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model also provides a 3D printer, including the above-mentioned 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming.

[0049] It should be noted that words indicating direction in this article, such as "up" and "down," are all in the format of "upper" and "lower." Figure 1 The direction setting is for ease of description only and has no other specific meaning.

[0050] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or apparatus that includes the aforementioned element.

[0051] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming, characterized in that, include: A first movable mirror mount (1) is provided with a first light hole (2); A first beam splitter (3) is disposed in a first aperture (2). The first beam splitter (3) is configured to split a laser beam (4) projected thereon into a reflected beam (5) and a transmitted beam (6). The transmitted beam (6) corresponds to the first laser demand end. The first linear drive unit is configured to drive the first movable mirror mount (1) to move linearly. A first reflector (9) is configured to reflect the reflected beam (5) to a second laser demand end.

2. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first movable mirror base (1) is also provided with a second light hole (10). The second light hole (10) and the first light hole (2) are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror base (1). The second light hole (10) is provided with a second reflector (20). When the second reflector (20) is located on the path of the laser beam (4), it can reflect the laser beam (4) to the first reflector (9).

3. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first movable mirror mount (1) is also provided with a third optical aperture (11). The third optical aperture (11) and the second optical aperture (10) are distributed along the movement direction of the first movable mirror mount (1). When the third optical aperture (11) is located on the path of the laser beam (4), the third optical aperture (11) can allow the laser beam (4) to pass through.

4. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes at least one second movable mirror mount (12) and a second linear drive unit corresponding to the second movable mirror mount (12). The second movable mirror mount (12) is provided with a first through hole (13). A second beam splitter (14) is provided in the first through hole (13). The second beam splitter (14) is located on the path of the reflected beam (5). The second beam splitter (14) is configured to split the reflected beam (5) into two beams, one of which is reflected to the third laser demand end, and the other beam passes through the second beam splitter (14). The second linear drive unit is configured to drive the corresponding second movable mirror mount (12) to move linearly.

5. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second movable mirror mount (12) is provided in two or more locations along the path of the reflected beam (5).

6. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second movable mirror base (12) is also provided with a second through hole (15). The second through hole (15) and the first through hole (13) are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror base (12). A third reflector (16) is provided in the second through hole (15). When the third reflector (16) is located on the path of the reflected beam (5), the third reflector (16) can reflect the reflected beam (5) to the third laser demand end.

7. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second movable mirror base (12) is also provided with a third through hole (17). The third through hole (17) and the second through hole (15) are distributed along the movement direction of the second movable mirror base (12). When the third through hole (17) is located on the path of the reflected beam (5), the third through hole (17) can allow the reflected beam (5) to pass through.

8. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a housing (7), in which the first movable mirror mount (1), the second movable mirror mount (12) and the first reflector (9) are all disposed within the housing (7). The housing (7) is provided with a plurality of first light-passing holes (706) for the light beam to reach the first laser demand end, the second laser demand end and the third laser demand end respectively, and a second light-passing hole (707) for the laser beam (4) to pass through.

9. The 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing (7) includes a first cylindrical body (701) arranged laterally, a second cylindrical body (702) and a third cylindrical body (703) connected to the first cylindrical body (701), the second cylindrical body (702) and the third cylindrical body (703) being arranged perpendicularly to the first cylindrical body (701), the first movable lens mount (1) being slidably connected inside the second cylindrical body (702), the third cylindrical body (703) being correspondingly arranged with the second movable lens mount (12), the second movable lens mount (12) being slidably connected inside the corresponding third cylindrical body (703), and the first light-passing hole (706) and the second light-passing hole (707) being provided on the first cylindrical body (701).

10. A 3D printer, characterized in that, Includes the 1-to-N optical path system for LPBF forming as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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