Electrolytic bath and electrolytic system
By employing a Tesla valve-type flow channel and an inert gas aeration design in the electrolytic cell, the problem of uneven coating of metal particles with graphene oxide was solved, achieving uniform deposition and efficient production of metal@graphene oxide composite materials.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520703873.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-14
AI Technical Summary
When preparing metal@graphene oxide composites using existing electrolytic cells, the uniformity of the graphene oxide-coated metal particles is poor.
An electrolytic cell with a Tesla valve-type flow channel design, combined with inert gas aeration and electrode components, achieves uniform flow of the reaction solution and uniform deposition of graphene oxide. The design of the guide channel and aeration holes prevents metal particles from settling to the bottom, ensuring that graphene oxide is uniformly coated on the surface of the metal particles.
This improved the uniformity of graphene oxide-coated metal particles, ensuring the quality consistency and production efficiency of the composite material.
Smart Images
Figure CN224015803U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrolysis technology, and in particular to an electrolytic cell and an electrolysis system. Background Technology
[0002] Graphene oxide has attracted widespread attention due to its high strength, Young's modulus, and ultra-high thermal conductivity. One application of graphene oxide is the preparation of metal@graphene oxide composites. Currently, metal@graphene oxide composites are usually prepared by electrochemical deposition using an electrolytic cell. However, the uniformity of the graphene oxide-coated metal particles in the metal@graphene oxide composites prepared by existing electrolytic cells is poor. Utility Model Content
[0003] The primary objective of this invention is to propose an electrolytic cell for preparing metal@graphene oxide composite materials, wherein the graphene oxide coating of the metal particles exhibits good uniformity.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an electrolytic cell, including a cell body, a flow guiding component, and an electrode assembly;
[0005] The tank has a cavity, and along the first direction, one end of the tank is a liquid inlet and the other end is a liquid outlet;
[0006] The flow guiding component is disposed in the cavity and connected to the bottom surface of the cavity. The flow guiding component forms a guide channel extending along the first direction. The inlet of the guide channel faces the inlet end and the outlet of the guide channel faces the outlet end.
[0007] The electrode assembly is disposed within the groove cavity and is located in the guide flow channel;
[0008] The tank has multiple aeration holes located on the bottom surface of the cavity, which are used to input inert gas into the guide channel.
[0009] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the guide channel is a Tesla valve type channel.
[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding component has a first reference plane, and the extension direction of the normal of the first reference plane is perpendicular to the first direction;
[0011] The flow guiding assembly includes a first flow guiding plate, a second flow guiding plate, and a third flow guiding plate;
[0012] The number of the first guide plates is multiple, and the multiple first guide plates are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity and arranged at intervals along the first direction. The thickness direction of the first guide plates is oblique to the first direction, and the first guide plates are inclined towards the first reference plane from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end.
[0013] The number of second guide plates is multiple. Multiple second guide plates are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity and arranged at intervals along the first direction. The thickness direction of the second guide plates is oblique to the first direction. The second guide plates are inclined towards the first reference plane from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end.
[0014] The number of the third guide plates is multiple. The multiple third guide plates are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity and arranged at intervals along the first direction. The third guide plates and the second guide plates are matched in pairs to form a guide plate group. In the guide plate group, the third guide plates are parallel to the second guide plates and are arranged at intervals. The length of the third guide plate is less than the length of the second guide plate, and the third guide plate is located on the side of the second guide plate closer to the liquid inlet end.
[0015] The first guide plate, the second guide plate, and the third guide plate form the guide channel.
[0016] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the flow guiding assembly further includes a fourth flow guiding plate, which is vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity. The fourth flow guiding plate is connected to the liquid inlet end and is located on the side of the first reference plane close to the second flow guiding plate. The second flow guiding plate is inclined toward the first reference plane from the liquid inlet end to the liquid outlet end.
[0017] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, at least one of the flow guide plate groups is connected to the electrode assembly, wherein the electrode assembly includes a fixing rod, a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate, the two ends of the fixing rod along its length direction are respectively connected to the second flow guide plate and the third flow guide plate, the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are connected to the fixing rod, and the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are parallel and spaced apart and directly opposite each other between the second flow guide plate and the third flow guide plate.
[0018] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are parallel to the second guide plate.
[0019] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, both the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are inert electrodes, and they are made of the same material.
[0020] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the tank body includes a tank body and an aeration plate;
[0021] The main body of the tank is connected to the aeration plate and forms the tank cavity. The aeration plate has the bottom surface of the cavity, and the aeration holes are provided on the aeration plate.
[0022] In a specific embodiment of this utility model, the aeration plate is made of ceramic with a porous structure;
[0023] The tank also includes a buffer layer, which is connected to the side of the aeration plate facing away from the bottom of the cavity.
[0024] This utility model also proposes an electrolysis system, including a circulation pipeline, a circulation pump, a gas supply component, a power supply, and an electrolysis cell as described above;
[0025] The circulation pipe connects the inlet end and the outlet end;
[0026] The circulation pump is connected to the circulation pipeline, and the circulation pump is used to circulate the reaction solution in the tank cavity through the inlet end, the guide channel, the outlet end and the circulation pipeline;
[0027] The air supply component is connected to the tank body and is used to supply inert gas to the tank body so that the inert gas is output into the guide channel through the aeration hole.
[0028] The power source is connected to the electrode assembly.
[0029] This utility model provides an electrolytic cell and electrolysis system, which, compared with the prior art, have the following advantages:
[0030] In practical applications, when using the electrolytic cell of this invention to prepare metal@graphene oxide composite materials, the cell cavity contains a reaction solution. During the preparation process, the reaction solution circulates along the inlet, guide channel, and outlet, and inert gas is introduced into the guide channel through the aeration holes. The electrode assembly is energized to generate an electric field, thereby achieving the deposition of graphene oxide coating on the surface of the metal particles. The guide channel guides the reaction solution to flow uniformly in a first direction, and the introduction of inert gas into the guide channel through the aeration holes prevents the metal particles from settling to the bottom. Based on this, graphene oxide can be uniformly coated on the surface of the metal particles, resulting in good uniformity of graphene oxide coating on the metal particles. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the electrolysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the electrolytic cell, circulation pipeline, and circulation pump in accordance with an embodiment of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram showing the combination of the aeration plate, buffer layer, second guide plate, third guide plate and electrode assembly in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0034] In the diagram, X represents the first direction; 1 is the tank body; 1A is the tank cavity; 101 is the liquid inlet; 102 is the liquid outlet; 11 is the main body of the tank; 12 is the aeration plate; 13 is the buffer layer; 2 is the flow guiding assembly; 201 is the guide channel; 2A is the first reference plane; 21 is the first guide plate; 22 is the second guide plate; 23 is the third guide plate; 24 is the fourth guide plate; 3 is the electrode assembly; 31 is the fixing rod; 32 is the first electrode plate; 33 is the second electrode plate; 100 is the electrolytic cell; 200 is the circulation pipe; 300 is the circulation pump; 400 is the air supply assembly; and 500 is the power supply. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model proposes an electrolysis system, including a circulation pipe 200, a circulation pump 300, a gas supply assembly 400, a power supply 500, and an electrolytic cell 100 as described below; the circulation pipe 200 is connected to the liquid inlet 101 and the liquid outlet 102; the circulation pump 300 is connected to the circulation pipe 200, and the circulation pump 300 is used to circulate the reaction solution in the tank cavity 1A of the electrolytic cell 100 through the liquid inlet 101, the guide channel 201, the liquid outlet 102, and the circulation pipe 200; the gas supply assembly 400 is connected to the tank body 1, and the gas supply assembly 400 is used to supply inert gas to the tank body 1 so that the inert gas is output to the guide channel 201 through the aeration holes; the power supply 500 is connected to the electrode assembly 3.
[0037] In practical applications, when using this electrolysis system to prepare metal@graphene oxide composite materials, the electrolytic cell 100 contains a reaction solution in its chamber 1A. The reaction solution includes spherical metal particles and a graphene oxide dispersion. The metal particles are such as copper particles. The circulation pump 300 operates to circulate the reaction solution through the inlet end 101, the guide channel 201, the outlet end 102, and the circulation pipe 200. The gas supply component 400 supplies inert gas to the tank 1 so that the inert gas is output into the guide channel 201 through the aeration holes. The power supply 500 supplies power to the electrode assembly 3 so that the electrode assembly 3 generates an electric field, thereby achieving the deposition of graphene oxide on the surface of the metal particles in the reaction solution.
[0038] Specifically, the gas supply component 400 includes an inert gas storage tank and a pipeline, with the pipeline connecting the inert gas storage tank and the tank body 1, and the inert gas being nitrogen, etc.
[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, an electrolytic cell 100 of a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a cell body 1, a flow guiding component 2, and an electrode assembly 3. The cell body 1 has a cell cavity 1A, with one end of the cell body 1 being a liquid inlet 101 and the other end being a liquid outlet 102 along a first direction X. The flow guiding component 2 is disposed in the cell cavity 1A and connected to the bottom surface of the cell cavity 1A. The flow guiding component 2 forms a guide channel 201 extending along the first direction X. The liquid inlet of the guide channel 201 faces the liquid inlet 101, and the liquid outlet of the guide channel 201 faces the liquid outlet 102. The electrode assembly 3 is disposed in the cell cavity 1A and located in the guide channel 201. The cell body 1 has a plurality of aeration holes, which are disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity and are used to input inert gas into the guide channel 201.
[0040] Based on this structure, when the electrolytic cell 100 is used to prepare metal@graphene oxide composite material, the setting of the guide channel 201 can guide the reaction solution to flow uniformly along the first direction X, and the input of inert gas into the guide channel 201 through the aeration hole can prevent the metal particles from settling to the bottom. Based on this, the graphene oxide can be uniformly coated on the surface of the metal particles, and the uniformity of the graphene oxide coating on the metal particles is good.
[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the guide channel 201 is a Tesla valve channel. The Tesla valve channel has a special channel design with bends, branches and confluences. When the reaction solution passes through in the first direction X, the shape of the channel guides the reaction solution to flow along a specific path. At the branches and confluences of the channel, the reaction solution is divided and recombined. This process allows different components in the reaction solution to mix and distribute better during the flow. When preparing metal@graphene oxide composite materials, it can make the graphene oxide coat the metal particles more uniformly.
[0042] The flow guiding assembly 2 has a first reference plane 2A, the extension direction of the normal of the first reference plane 2A being perpendicular to the first direction X; the flow guiding assembly 2 includes a first flow guiding plate 21, a second flow guiding plate 22, and a third flow guiding plate 23; there are multiple first flow guiding plates 21, which are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity 1A and spaced apart along the first direction X, and the thickness direction of the first flow guiding plate 21 is obliquely intersecting the first direction X, and the first flow guiding plate 21 is inclined towards the first reference plane 2A from the liquid inlet end 101 to the liquid outlet end 102; there are multiple second flow guiding plates 22, which are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity 1A and spaced apart along the first direction X, and the thickness direction of the second flow guiding plate 22 is obliquely intersecting the first direction X, and the second flow guiding plate 22 is inclined towards the first reference plane 2A from the liquid inlet end 101 to the liquid outlet end 102, with one end of the second flow guiding plate 22 closer to the liquid inlet end 101. The third guide plate 23 is connected to the cavity wall of the tank 1A. Multiple third guide plates 23 are vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the tank 1A and spaced apart along the first direction X. The third guide plates 23 and the second guide plates 22 are paired to form a guide plate group. In the guide plate group, the third guide plate 23 is parallel to and spaced apart from the second guide plate 22. The length of the third guide plate 23 is less than the length of the second guide plate 22, and the third guide plate 23 is located on the side of the second guide plate 22 closest to the liquid inlet end 101. The first guide plate 21, the second guide plate 22, and the third guide plate 23 form a guide channel 201. Using multiple guide plates in conjunction with the tank 1 to form the guide channel 201 results in a simple structure and convenient manufacturing. For example, multiple mounting slots are opened on the bottom surface of the cavity. Each first guide plate 21, second guide plate 22, and third guide plate 23 is connected to the tank 1 through a mounting slot, resulting in a simple structure and convenient installation.
[0043] Furthermore, the flow guiding assembly 2 also includes a fourth flow guiding plate 24, which is vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity 1A. The fourth flow guiding plate 24 is connected to the liquid inlet 101 and is located on the side of the first reference plane 2A close to the second flow guiding plate 22. The second flow guiding plate 22 is inclined towards the first reference plane 2A from the liquid inlet 101 to the liquid outlet 102. The arrangement of the fourth flow guiding plate 24 enables the reaction solution to be diverted when it enters the cavity 1A through the liquid inlet 101, and enables the reaction solution to be transported more evenly through the guide channel 201.
[0044] In practical applications, multiple sets of flow guiding components 2 can be provided inside the cavity 1A. In this case, multiple guide channels 201 are formed inside the cavity 1A. Based on this, mass production of metal@graphene oxide composite materials can be achieved. For example, such as... Figure 2As shown, two sets of flow guiding components 2 are provided in the tank cavity 1A. Each flow guiding component 2 forms a guide channel 201, in which an electrode component 3 is provided. At this time, the circulation pipe 200 has three output ports and one input port. Two of the three output ports are connected to the liquid inlets of the two guide channels 201 respectively, and the remaining output port is located between the two guide channels 201. The liquid outlets of the two guide channels 201 are connected to one output port of the circulation pipe 200. The circulation pipe 200 with this structure can make the flow of the reaction solution more uniform.
[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the first guide plate 21, the second guide plate 22, the third guide plate 23 and the fourth guide plate 24 are all made of materials with high chemical stability, such as tetrafluoroethylene, which is not easily corroded and can reduce maintenance costs.
[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, at least one guide plate assembly is connected to an electrode assembly 3. The electrode assembly 3 includes a fixing rod 31, a first electrode plate 32, and a second electrode plate 33. The two ends of the fixing rod 31 along its length are connected to the second guide plate 22 and the third guide plate 23, respectively. The first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are connected to the fixing rod 31 and are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart between the second guide plate 22 and the third guide plate 23. Specifically, one of the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply 500, and the other is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply 500. The power supply 500 supplies power to the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 to form an electric field between the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33. Under the action of the electric field, graphene oxide is coated on the surface of the metal particles. The first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are arranged between the second guide plate 22 through the fixing rod 31. Its advantages are simple structure and convenient installation.
[0047] In addition, the Tesla valve-type flow channel includes a main flow channel and a secondary flow channel. The main flow channel is formed between the first guide plate 21 and the second guide plate 22, and between the first guide plate 21 and the third guide plate 23. The secondary flow channel is formed between the second guide plate 22, the third guide plate 23, and the guide plate group. The secondary flow channel is curved. As a result, the flow resistance encountered by the reaction solution in the secondary flow channel during the transportation process is greater than that encountered in the main flow channel. The flow rate of the reaction solution in the secondary flow channel is relatively low. Therefore, the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are set between the second guide plate 22 by the fixing rod 31. Another advantage is that it is more conducive to the uniform coating of metal particles by graphene oxide.
[0048] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 3As shown, the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are both parallel to the second guide plate 22. This reduces the obstruction of the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 to the transport of the reaction solution. During the transport of the reaction solution in the secondary channel, it will directly pass between the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33, which is more conducive to the uniform coating of metal particles by graphene oxide.
[0049] In this embodiment, both the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are inert electrodes and are made of the same material. For example, both the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 are titanium alloy plates with a ruthenium-iridium alloy coating. In this case, neither of them is used as a consumable electrode and is not easily corroded, which extends the service life of the electrodes and reduces the frequency of electrode replacement and maintenance costs. Specifically, based on the first electrode plate 32 and the second electrode plate 33 of this material, the metal particles are made of copper, nickel, sodium, etc., which have stronger reducing properties than ruthenium-iridium alloy, ensuring the normal progress of the preparation work.
[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the tank 1 includes a tank body 11 and an aeration plate 12; the tank body 11 and the aeration plate 12 are connected and form a tank cavity 1A. The aeration plate 12 has a cavity bottom surface and aeration holes are provided on the aeration plate 12. The tank 1 with this structure is simple in structure and easy to process.
[0051] Preferably, the aeration plate 12 is made of ceramic with a porous structure. In this case, the porous structure of the ceramic forms aeration holes with a pore size at the nanometer level, resulting in good aeration effect. The aeration plate 12 has a connection hole for connecting to the air supply component 400. The air supply component 400 inputs inert gas into the aeration plate 12 through the connection hole, and the inert gas is output from the porous structure of the aeration plate 12. The advantage of using ceramic material for the aeration plate 12 is that it has strong corrosion resistance, which ensures the service life and performance stability of the aeration plate 12.
[0052] In practical applications, the ceramic aeration plate 12 is relatively brittle and prone to cracking. Therefore, the tank body 1 further includes a buffer layer 13, which is connected to the side of the aeration plate 12 facing away from the bottom of the chamber. Specifically, the buffer layer 13 and the aeration plate 12 are connected to form a relatively tough whole, which can jointly withstand external forces and disperse stress. That is, the aeration plate 12, which is originally brittle, has an improved overall ability to resist external force damage after being combined with the buffer layer 13, thereby reducing the possibility of breakage. For example, the material of the buffer layer 13 is epoxy resin.
[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An electrolytic cell, characterized in that, It includes a tank (1), a flow guiding assembly (2), and an electrode assembly (3); The tank (1) has a cavity (1A) along the first direction (X), one end of the tank (1) is the liquid inlet (101) and the other end is the liquid outlet (102); The flow guiding component (2) is disposed in the cavity (1A) and connected to the bottom surface of the cavity (1A). The flow guiding component (2) forms a guide channel (201) extending along the first direction (X). The liquid inlet of the guide channel (201) faces the liquid inlet end (101), and the liquid outlet of the guide channel (201) faces the liquid outlet end (102). The electrode assembly (3) is disposed in the groove cavity (1A) and the electrode assembly (3) is located in the guide channel (201); The tank (1) has multiple aeration holes located on the bottom surface of the cavity. The aeration holes are used to input inert gas into the guide channel (201).
2. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide channel (201) is a Tesla valve type channel.
3. The electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flow guiding component (2) has a first reference plane (2A), the extension direction of the normal of the first reference plane (2A) being perpendicular to the first direction (X); The flow guiding assembly (2) includes a first flow guiding plate (21), a second flow guiding plate (22), and a third flow guiding plate (23); The number of the first guide plates (21) is multiple. The multiple first guide plates (21) are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity (1A) and arranged at intervals along the first direction (X). The thickness direction of the first guide plates (21) is oblique to the first direction (X). The first guide plates (21) are inclined towards the first reference plane (2A) from the liquid inlet end (101) to the liquid outlet end (102). The number of the second guide plates (22) is multiple. The multiple second guide plates (22) are vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity (1A) and arranged at intervals along the first direction (X). The thickness direction of the second guide plates (22) is oblique to the first direction (X). The second guide plates (22) are inclined towards the first reference plane (2A) from the liquid inlet end (101) to the liquid outlet end (102). The number of the third guide plates (23) is multiple. The multiple third guide plates (23) are vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the cavity (1A) and spaced apart along the first direction (X). The third guide plates (23) and the second guide plates (22) are paired to form a guide plate group. In the guide plate group, the third guide plates (23) and the second guide plates (22) are parallel and spaced apart. The length of the third guide plate (23) is less than the length of the second guide plate (22), and the third guide plate (23) is located on the side of the second guide plate (22) closer to the liquid inlet end (101). The first guide plate (21), the second guide plate (22) and the third guide plate (23) form the guide channel (201).
4. The electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow guiding assembly (2) further includes a fourth flow guiding plate (24), which is vertically disposed on the bottom surface of the cavity (1A). The fourth flow guiding plate (24) is connected to the liquid inlet (101). The fourth flow guiding plate (24) is located on the side of the first reference plane (2A) close to the second flow guiding plate (22). The second flow guiding plate (22) is inclined toward the first reference plane (2A) from the liquid inlet (101) to the liquid outlet (102).
5. The electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the flow guide plates is connected to the electrode assembly (3), wherein the electrode assembly (3) includes a fixing rod (31), a first electrode plate (32) and a second electrode plate (33), the two ends of the fixing rod (31) along its length direction are respectively connected to the second flow guide plate (22) and the third flow guide plate (23), the first electrode plate (32) and the second electrode plate (33) are connected to the fixing rod (31), and the first electrode plate (32) and the second electrode plate (33) are parallel and spaced apart and arranged between the second flow guide plate (22) and the third flow guide plate (23).
6. The electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first electrode plate (32) and the second electrode plate (33) are both parallel to the second guide plate (22).
7. The electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first electrode plate (32) and the second electrode plate (33) are inert electrodes and are made of the same material.
8. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tank (1) includes a tank body (11) and an aeration plate (12); The main body (11) of the tank is connected to the aeration plate (12) and forms the tank cavity (1A). The aeration plate (12) has the bottom surface of the cavity and the aeration holes are provided on the aeration plate (12).
9. The electrolytic cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The aeration plate (12) is made of ceramic with a porous structure; The tank (1) also includes a buffer layer (13), which is connected to the side of the aeration plate (12) facing away from the bottom of the cavity.
10. An electrolysis system, characterized in that, It includes a circulation pipeline (200), a circulation pump (300), an air supply assembly (400), a power supply (500), and an electrolytic cell (100) as described in any one of claims 1-9; The circulation pipe (200) connects the inlet end (101) and the outlet end (102); The circulation pump (300) is connected to the circulation pipe (200), and the circulation pump (300) is used to circulate the reaction solution in the tank (1A) through the inlet end (101), the guide channel (201), the outlet end (102) and the circulation pipe (200); The gas supply assembly (400) is connected to the tank (1), and the gas supply assembly (400) is used to supply inert gas to the tank (1) so that the inert gas is output into the guide channel (201) through the aeration hole; The power supply (500) is connected to the electrode assembly (3).