A fire alarm device

Abstract

The utility model is suitable for fire fighting fire alarm technical field provides a kind of fire fighting fire alarm device.Device includes millimeter wave radar module, self-diagnosis module, multi-sensor fusion module, main controller, communication module and power management module for the power supply of device.Main controller and millimeter wave radar module, self-diagnosis module, multi-sensor fusion module, communication module electrical connection, and main controller is the control center of entire device, and the work mode of radar is controlled by slice selection signal, simultaneously reads the data of multi-sensor fusion module and self-diagnosis module and transmits data to wireless communication module;When device detects that fire occurs, main controller sends alarm information to communication module, and linkage alarm execution module carries out sound and light alarm, and communication module sends alarm information to remote server, informs remote staff fire and takes timely measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire alarms, and more particularly to a fire alarm device. Background Technology

[0002] Fire alarm devices are automated safety equipment used to monitor fire characteristic signals (such as abnormal smoke, temperature, or gas concentration) and trigger alarms. Their core function is to sense environmental changes in real time through sensors, judge the fire situation by combining signal processing technology, and then issue warnings to personnel or systems through audible and visual alarms, communication linkage, and other means. These devices are widely deployed in building, industrial, transportation, and civil fields and are a key technical defense line to prevent the spread of fire and protect life and property.

[0003] Existing fire alarm technologies generally use stand-alone smoke detectors to detect smoke particles through photoelectric or ionization principles, combined with wireless communication modules to achieve remote alarms; some devices also use explosion-proof flame detectors or combustible gas detectors to identify fire sources through infrared or ultraviolet spectral analysis.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have significant drawbacks: First, traditional fire alarm devices can only monitor the environment and trigger an alarm after a fire occurs, but cannot detect whether there are trapped people at the fire scene; second, traditional fire alarm devices lack self-testing capabilities, cannot detect their own faults and send signals to the control center when a fault occurs, relying on manual inspections, resulting in high maintenance costs; third, the system stability problem under extreme conditions (such as power outages) has not been fully resolved, there is no backup power supply, and the monitoring function cannot be realized under special circumstances. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies, the present invention aims to provide a fire alarm device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. The device includes a millimeter-wave radar module, a self-diagnostic module, a multi-sensor fusion module, a main controller, a communication module, and a power management module for supplying power to the device.

[0006] The main controller is electrically connected to the millimeter-wave radar module, self-diagnostic module, multi-sensor fusion module, and communication module. The main controller is the control center of the entire device. It controls the radar's operating mode through chip select signals, and simultaneously reads data from the multi-sensor fusion module and self-diagnostic module and transmits data to the wireless communication module. When the device detects a fire, the main controller sends an alarm message to the communication module and triggers an audible and visual alarm by activating the alarm execution module. The communication module then sends the alarm message to a remote server to notify remote personnel of the fire and to take timely measures.

[0007] The main controller in this solution is a 32-bit chip, model STM32H743VGT6, manufactured by STMicroelectronics.

[0008] The millimeter-wave radar module is connected to the main controller via an SPI interface, transmitting raw data to the main controller for real-time monitoring of vital signs; the self-diagnosis module is connected to the main controller via its peripheral interface CAN to transmit fault data; and the multi-sensor fusion module is connected to the main controller via its peripheral interface I2C, enabling the main controller to read data from each sensor in real time.

[0009] The millimeter-wave radar module can detect forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range, detecting movements down to the sub-millimeter level, with a detection range resolution of up to 3 cm. Specifically, the millimeter-wave radar module connects to the main controller via an SPI interface. After detecting vital signs of people at the fire scene, the millimeter-wave radar module transmits the raw vital sign data to the main controller via the SPI interface. The main controller generates an SCK signal to provide a synchronization clock for data transmission between the millimeter-wave radar module and the main controller. The main controller synchronizes data transmission and reception by controlling the timing of the SCK signal. The millimeter-wave radar module places data on the SDIO line on the rising or falling edge of the SCK signal, and the main controller reads the data on the corresponding clock edge. When the millimeter-wave radar module detects vital signs, it sends an interrupt request to the main controller via the IRQ pin. Upon receiving the interrupt request, the main controller responds by reading the raw vital sign data transmitted via the SPI interface, performing necessary processing and analysis. Based on the monitoring results, if vital signs are detected at the fire scene after a fire has occurred, the main controller sends an alarm signal.

[0010] The millimeter-wave radar module in this solution uses the Infineon BGT60TR13C MMIC chip. The BGT60TR13C MMIC is a 60GHz radar sensor with integrated antennas, featuring one transmitting antenna and three receiving antennas. The L-shaped antenna array ensures its ability to perform both horizontal and vertical angle measurements. The radar achieves a minimum range resolution of approximately 3cm, can detect forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range, and can detect motion down to the sub-millimeter level.

[0011] The power management module is used to implement dual-redundant power supply, including a main power supply and a backup power supply. The main power supply is 24V DC power output from the connected 220V AC mains through an AC-DC module. The backup power supply is a 24V battery. In the event of a power outage or circuit failure, the system automatically switches to battery power supply via a first controller. The first controller is an LTC4355 controller.

[0012] Preferably, the first controller connects one input terminal to the main power supply and the other input terminal to the backup power supply. When an abnormal current disconnection is detected in the main power supply, the first controller connects the backup power supply to the circuit to power subsequent circuits. The first controller can easily connect the main power supply and the backup power supply together in an "OR" configuration to ensure a smooth current transition from one power path to another without oscillation, thereby improving the overall system reliability.

[0013] The AC-DC module used in this solution is a 20W ultra-small AC-DC module power supply, model HLK-20M24, manufactured by HI-LINK.

[0014] More specifically, the power management module includes an isolated DC-DC converter group, a non-isolated DC-DC converter, and an LDO regulator group.

[0015] Furthermore, the isolated DC-DC converter group includes a first isolated DC-DC converter, a second isolated DC-DC converter, and a third isolated DC-DC converter; the LDO regulator group includes a first LDO regulator, a second LDO regulator, a third LDO regulator, and a fourth LDO regulator. The input terminals of the first, second, and third isolated DC-DC converters are connected to the output terminals of the AC-DC module, converting the 24V DC power processed by the AC-DC module into three independent 5V power outputs. The first isolated DC-DC converter... The outputs of the second and third isolated DC-DC converters are respectively connected to the signal inputs of the first, second, and third LDO regulators, converting the 5V input voltage to a 3.3V output. The outputs of these three regulators are also connected to the power supplies of the millimeter-wave radar module, the communication module, and the main controller, respectively, providing power to these components. All three isolated DC-DC converters are B2405S-1WR3 converters; all three LDO regulators are AMS1117 model LDO regulators.

[0016] Furthermore, the high-frequency signals generated by the millimeter-wave radar module during operation can interfere with other modules, and the CAN bus noise generated by the communication module during operation can also interfere with other modules. By adopting this three-way independent isolated power supply method, the interference of radar high-frequency signals to other modules can be blocked, and the CAN bus noise of the communication module can be isolated.

[0017] Furthermore, the multi-sensor fusion module does not generate noise or high-frequency signals that interfere with other modules during operation, directly utilizing the fourth DC-DC converter and the fourth LDO regulator to obtain a stable 3.3V operating voltage. Specifically, the output of the AC-DC module is also connected to the input of the fourth DC-DC converter; the output of the fourth DC-DC converter is connected to the input of the fourth LDO regulator, and the output of the fourth LDO regulator is connected to the power supply of the multi-sensor fusion module. The fourth DC-DC converter is a non-isolated DC-DC converter MC34063ADR, and the fourth LDO regulator is an LDO regulator AMS1117.

[0018] Furthermore, the output terminal of the backup power 24V battery is connected to the input terminals of the aforementioned isolated DC-DC converter group and the fourth DC-DC converter, respectively, to provide backup power in case of power failure.

[0019] Preferably, the self-diagnostic module includes a first chip and an optocoupler isolator. The signal output terminal of the first chip is connected to the main controller via the external CAN interface of the main controller. The voltage detection terminal of the first chip is connected to the output terminals of 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies respectively to monitor the status of the 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies. The voltage detection terminal of the first chip continuously monitors the voltage value of the 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies and compares it with the preset voltage threshold inside the chip. If the voltage is detected to be too high, too low, or abnormally fluctuating, the comparator inside the first chip immediately triggers a fault signal, which is transmitted to the main controller. The main controller triggers an alarm and transmits the fault signal to a remote server through the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely measures. In addition, the voltage detection terminal of the first chip is electrically connected to the sensor fusion module to monitor the voltage of the sensor fusion module in real time and compare it with the preset voltage threshold inside the chip. If the voltage is detected to be too high, too low or abnormally fluctuating, the comparator inside the first chip immediately triggers a fault signal, which is transmitted to the main controller. The main controller triggers an alarm and transmits the fault signal to the remote server through the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely measures to ensure that the multi-sensor fusion module can obtain a stable power supply and avoid sensor malfunction or inaccurate data due to power problems.

[0020] Preferably, the optocoupler is located in the CAN bus communication line and continuously monitors the signal transmission quality of each communication component on the CAN bus. The parameters detected include signal amplitude, frequency, and waveform. If signal loss, excessive noise interference, or signal waveform distortion is detected, the optocoupler immediately triggers a fault signal and transmits it to a remote server via the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely measures. The first chip is an LTC2991 chip; the optocoupler uses a CA-IS3417WT-Q1 model.

[0021] Preferably, the multi-sensor fusion module includes a smoke sensor for monitoring smoke concentration, an infrared pyroelectric sensor for detecting minute temperature changes, and a gas sensor for monitoring the concentration of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. The signal output terminal of the multi-sensor fusion module is electrically connected to the main controller via its I2C peripheral interface. The smoke sensor is responsible for collecting smoke concentration data, the infrared pyroelectric sensor for monitoring temperature changes, and the gas sensor for monitoring the concentration of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. After each sensor collects the corresponding physical quantity, it converts the physical quantity into an electrical signal and then transmits the electrical signal data to the main controller via the I2C interface. Upon receiving the electrical signal, the main controller processes the data. When any of the physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature change, or combustible gas concentration—detects an anomaly, the main controller transmits the received signal as an alarm signal to the wireless communication module, which then sends it to a remote server to notify remote personnel of the fire and to take timely measures. Specifically, when the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1%obs / m), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13,000 ppm, the main controller triggers an early warning state; if any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continues to rise, the main controller triggers a fire alarm state.

[0022] Preferably, the communication module includes an Ethernet interface, a LoRa interface, and a CAN bus. The Ethernet interface is electrically connected to a transformer, and the output of the transformer is connected to the signal input of a second chip. The signal output of the second chip is electrically connected to the main controller's SPI interface to achieve communication with the main controller. The LoRa interface is electrically connected to the SX1278 module and then to the main controller's USART peripheral interface to achieve communication with the main controller. The CAN bus uses an ADM3053 isolation transceiver to ensure electrical isolation between the communication module and the main controller. The second chip is responsible for the transmission and processing of Ethernet data. The transformer acts as a network signal isolation element in the Ethernet interface, preventing network noise and interference from affecting the main controller and ensuring the accuracy and security of Ethernet data. The SX1278 module is responsible for the transmission of LoRa wireless data. The ADM3053 isolation transceiver uses magnetic coupling isolation technology to achieve electrical isolation between the CAN bus signal and the main controller, effectively preventing noise and interference on the CAN bus from affecting the main controller. Specifically, the second chip is a W5500 chip, and the transformer is an HR911105A transformer.

[0023] Preferably, the alarm execution module includes a buzzer and an LED array, and the signal receiving end of the alarm execution module is connected to the alarm signal output end of the main controller. The LED array includes yellow LEDs and red LEDs. When a fire is detected, the buzzer sounds an alarm and the LED array flashes to remind personnel at the fire scene to evacuate.

[0024] Preferably, the smoke sensor, infrared pyroelectric sensor, and gas sensor of the multi-sensor fusion module continuously collect data from the detection environment. When the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1%obs / m³), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13000ppm, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's warning state, and the yellow light in the alarm execution module's LED array flashes. If any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continues to rise, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's fire alarm state, the red LED in the alarm execution module's LED array remains constantly lit, and the buzzer alarm emits a 105dB alarm sound to remind on-site personnel to evacuate as soon as possible.

[0025] It should be noted that in actual circuits, simply connecting the buzzer and LED array to the circuit will allow the components to function normally. Therefore, the details of the power management module supplying power to the alarm execution module will not be elaborated here, as those skilled in the art can easily understand this.

[0026] In summary, during actual use, this fire alarm device is powered by mains electricity while simultaneously charging a backup 24V battery. The charging stops once the 24V battery is fully charged. The first controller monitors the power supply status in real time, and automatically switches to battery power when the mains power supply fails. During normal operation, the smoke sensor, infrared pyroelectric sensor, and gas sensor in the multi-sensor fusion module continuously collect data from the detection environment. When the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1% obs / m³), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13000 ppm, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's warning state. The yellow light in the alarm execution module's LED array flashes, and the wireless communication module sends a warning message to a remote server, notifying remote personnel of a potential fire and urging them to remain vigilant. If any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continuously increases, the main controller triggers the fire alarm state of the alarm execution module. The red LED in the alarm execution module's LED array remains constantly lit, and the buzzer alarm emits a 105dB sound to alert on-site personnel to evacuate immediately. The millimeter-wave radar module scans the environment at a 10Hz frequency to detect vital signs. Simultaneously, the main controller controls the communication module to send fire information to a remote server, notifying remote personnel to immediately initiate firefighting and rescue operations. When the millimeter-wave radar module detects vital signs of trapped personnel, it transmits the vital sign signal to the main controller, which then transmits it to the remote server via the communication module, notifying remote personnel to initiate rescue operations.

[0027] The technical solution of this application has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The power management module of this fire alarm device adopts a dual-redundant power supply design, including a main power supply (220V AC mains power processed by an AC-DC module to output 24V DC power) and a backup power supply (24V battery). When the main power supply fails, the LTC4355 controller automatically switches to battery power. The switching time is short, enhancing the reliability and stability of the device and ensuring that the device can still operate normally during power outages or circuit failures. The automatic switching mechanism ensures a rapid response capability of the device in the event of a power failure by making the power switching time very short.

[0029] 2. The power management module of this fire alarm device includes an isolated DC-DC converter group, a non-isolated DC-DC converter group, and an LDO regulator group, which convert 24V DC power into multiple independent isolated power supplies to power the millimeter-wave radar module, communication module, main controller, and multi-sensor fusion module. The independent isolated power supply design effectively blocks high-frequency signal and noise interference between modules, improving the overall stability and reliability of the device.

[0030] 3. This fire alarm device integrates a millimeter-wave radar module, which uses the Infineon BGT60TR13C MMIC chip. It connects to the main controller via an SPI interface to achieve real-time monitoring and transmission of vital signs signals. This enables real-time monitoring of vital signs at the fire scene, providing crucial information for rescue operations. The millimeter-wave radar module can detect forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range, detecting movements down to the sub-millimeter level, with a detection range resolution of up to 3cm. High resolution and long detection range ensure the device can accurately identify personnel at the fire scene, improving rescue efficiency.

[0031] 4. This fire alarm device is equipped with a self-diagnostic module, which includes an LTC2991 chip and an optocoupler isolator. This module monitors the power supply status, sensor fusion module voltage, and CAN bus signal transmission quality. When an anomaly is detected, a fault signal is triggered and transmitted to the main controller. The main controller then triggers an alarm and transmits the fault signal to a remote server. The self-diagnostic module can detect internal faults or anomalies in advance, preventing the fault from escalating and causing device failure. Real-time monitoring and fault alarms reduce the need for manual inspections, lower maintenance costs, and improve the overall safety of the fire alarm system.

[0032] 5. The AC-DC module used is the HLK-20M24 20W ultra-small AC-DC module power supply manufactured by HI-LINK, with a conversion efficiency of 89%, which improves energy efficiency by 15%-20% compared with traditional modules, reduces energy consumption and heat generation, and extends equipment life. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the module connection relationships of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a circuit connection diagram of the device of this utility model; Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0039] See Figure 1 , 2 The purpose of this utility model is to provide a fire alarm device.

[0040] The device includes a millimeter-wave radar module, a self-diagnostic module, a multi-sensor fusion module, a main controller, a communication module, and a power management module that powers the device.

[0041] The main controller is electrically connected to the millimeter-wave radar module, self-diagnostic module, multi-sensor fusion module, and communication module. The main controller is the control center of the entire device, controlling the radar's operating mode via chip select signals, simultaneously reading data from the multi-sensor fusion module and self-diagnostic module, and transmitting data to the wireless communication module. When the device detects a fire, the main controller sends...

[0042] The communication module sends alarm information and triggers the alarm execution module to activate audible and visual alarms. The communication module then sends the alarm information to a remote server to notify remote personnel of the fire and to take timely measures.

[0043] The main controller in this solution is a 32-bit chip, model STM32H743VGT6, manufactured by STMicroelectronics.

[0044] The millimeter-wave radar module connects to the main controller via the SPI interface, transmitting raw data to the main controller for real-time monitoring of vital signs; the self-diagnosis module connects to the main controller via the CAN peripheral interface to transmit fault data; and the multi-sensor fusion module connects to the main controller via the I2C peripheral interface, enabling the main controller to read data from each sensor in real time.

[0045] The millimeter-wave radar module in this solution uses the Infineon BGT60TR13C MMIC chip. The BGT60TR13C MMIC is a 60GHz radar sensor with integrated antennas, featuring one transmitting antenna and three receiving antennas. The L-shaped antenna array ensures its ability to perform both horizontal and vertical angle measurements. The radar achieves a minimum range resolution of approximately 3cm, can detect forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range, and can detect motion down to the sub-millimeter level.

[0046] Specifically, the power management module is used to implement dual-redundant power supply, including a main power supply and a backup power supply. The main power supply is 24V DC power output from the connected 220V AC mains through an AC-DC module. The backup power supply is a 24V battery. In the event of a power outage or circuit failure, the system automatically switches to battery power supply via a first controller. The first controller is an LTC4355 controller.

[0047] More specifically, the first controller connects one input to the main power supply and the other input to the backup power supply. When an abnormal current disconnection is detected in the main power supply, the first controller connects the backup power supply to the circuit to power subsequent circuits. The first controller can easily connect the main power supply and the backup power supply together in an "OR" configuration to ensure a smooth current transition from one power path to another without oscillation, thereby improving the overall system reliability.

[0048] The AC-DC module used in this solution is a 20W ultra-small AC-DC module power supply, model HLK-20M24, manufactured by HI-LINK.

[0049] More specifically, the power management module includes an isolated DC-DC converter group, a non-isolated DC-DC converter, and an LDO regulator group.

[0050] The isolated DC-DC converter group includes a first isolated DC-DC converter, a second isolated DC-DC converter, and a third isolated DC-DC converter. The LDO regulator group includes a first LDO regulator, a second LDO regulator, a third LDO regulator, and a fourth LDO regulator. The input terminals of the first, second, and third isolated DC-DC converters are connected to the output terminals of the AC-DC module, converting the 24V DC power processed by the AC-DC module into three independent 5V isolated power outputs. The outputs of the C-type converter, the second isolated DC-DC converter, and the third isolated DC-DC converter are connected to the signal inputs of the first, second, and third LDO regulators, respectively. These LDO regulators convert the 5V input voltage to a 3.3V output. The outputs of these three LDO regulators are then connected to the power supply terminals of the millimeter-wave radar module, the communication module, and the main controller, respectively, providing power to these components. All three isolated DC-DC converters are B2405S-1WR3 converters; all three LDO regulators are AMS1117 model LDO regulators.

[0051] It should be noted that the high-frequency signals generated by the millimeter-wave radar module during operation can interfere with other modules, and the CAN bus noise generated by the communication module can also interfere with other modules. This three-way independent isolated power supply method can block the interference of the radar high-frequency signal to other modules and isolate the CAN bus noise of the communication module.

[0052] Furthermore, the multi-sensor fusion module does not generate noise or high-frequency signals that interfere with other modules during operation. It directly utilizes the fourth DC-DC converter and the fourth LDO regulator to obtain a stable 3.3V operating voltage. Specifically, the output of the AC-DC module is also connected to the input of the fourth DC-DC converter; the output of the fourth DC-DC converter is connected to the input of the fourth LDO regulator, and the output of the fourth LDO regulator is connected to the power supply of the multi-sensor fusion module. The fourth DC-DC converter is a non-isolated DC-DC converter MC34063ADR, and the fourth LDO regulator is an LDO regulator AMS1117.

[0053] Furthermore, the output terminal of the 24V backup power battery is connected to the input terminals of the aforementioned isolated DC-DC converter group and the fourth DC-DC converter, respectively, to provide backup power during power outages.

[0054] Specifically, this invention utilizes a millimeter-wave radar module to detect vital signs of people at a fire scene. This module can detect forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range, detect movements down to the sub-millimeter level, and achieve a detection range resolution of 3cm. The millimeter-wave radar module connects to the main controller via an SPI interface. After detecting vital signs, the module transmits the raw data to the main controller via the SPI interface. The main controller generates an SCK signal to provide a synchronization clock for data transmission between the millimeter-wave radar module and the main controller. The main controller synchronizes data transmission and reception by controlling the timing of the SCK signal. The millimeter-wave radar module places data on the SDIO line at the rising or falling edge of the SCK signal, and the main controller reads the data at the corresponding clock edge. When the millimeter-wave radar module detects a vital sign signal, it sends an interrupt request to the main controller via the IRQ pin. Upon receiving the interrupt request, the main controller responds by reading the raw vital sign data transmitted via the SPI interface, performing necessary processing and analysis. Based on the monitoring results, if vital signs are detected at the fire scene after a fire has occurred, the main controller sends an alarm signal.

[0055] Specifically, the self-diagnostic module includes a first chip and an optocoupler isolator. The signal output of the first chip is connected to the main controller via its peripheral CAN interface. The voltage detection terminals of the first chip are connected to the output terminals of the 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies to monitor their status. The voltage detection terminals of the first chip continuously monitor the voltage values ​​of the 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies and compare them with preset voltage thresholds within the chip. If an excessively high, low, or abnormally fluctuating voltage is detected, the comparator inside the first chip immediately triggers a fault signal, which is transmitted to the main controller. The main controller then triggers an alarm and transmits the fault signal to a remote server via the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely action. In addition, the voltage detection terminal of the first chip is electrically connected to the sensor fusion module to monitor the voltage of the sensor fusion module in real time and compare it with the preset voltage threshold inside the chip. If the voltage is detected to be too high, too low or abnormally fluctuating, the comparator inside the first chip immediately triggers a fault signal, which is transmitted to the main controller. The main controller triggers an alarm and transmits the fault signal to the remote server through the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely measures to ensure that the multi-sensor fusion module can obtain a stable power supply and avoid sensor malfunction or inaccurate data due to power problems.

[0056] The optocoupler is located in the CAN bus communication line and continuously monitors the signal transmission quality of each communication component on the CAN bus. The parameters monitored include signal amplitude, frequency, and waveform. If signal loss, excessive noise interference, or signal waveform distortion is detected, the optocoupler immediately triggers a fault signal and transmits it to the remote server via the communication module, notifying remote personnel to take timely measures. The first chip is an LTC2991 chip. The optocoupler used is a CA-IS3417WT-Q1 model.

[0057] Specifically, the multi-sensor fusion module includes a smoke sensor for monitoring smoke concentration, an infrared pyroelectric sensor for detecting minute temperature changes, and a gas sensor for monitoring the concentration of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. The signal output of the multi-sensor fusion module is electrically connected to the main controller via its I2C peripheral interface. The smoke sensor collects smoke concentration data, the infrared pyroelectric sensor monitors temperature changes, and the gas sensor monitors the concentration of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide and methane. After each sensor collects the corresponding physical quantity, it converts the physical quantity into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the main controller via the I2C interface. The main controller receives the electrical signal and processes the data. When a sensor detects an anomaly in any of the physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature change, or combustible gas concentration—the main controller transmits the received signal as an alarm signal to the wireless communication module, which then sends it to a remote server to notify remote personnel of the fire and to take timely measures. Specifically, when the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1%obs / m), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13,000 ppm, the main controller triggers an early warning state; if any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continues to rise, the main controller triggers a fire alarm state.

[0058] Specifically, the communication module includes an Ethernet interface, a LoRa interface, and a CAN bus. The Ethernet interface is electrically connected to a transformer. The output of the transformer is connected to the signal input of the second chip. The signal output of the second chip is electrically connected to the main controller's SPI interface to achieve communication with the main controller. The LoRa interface is electrically connected to the SX1278 module, and then to the main controller's USART peripheral interface to achieve communication with the main controller. The CAN bus uses an ADM3053 isolation transceiver to ensure electrical isolation between the communication module and the main controller. The second chip is responsible for the transmission and processing of Ethernet data. The transformer in the Ethernet interface acts as a network signal isolation device, preventing network noise and interference from affecting the main controller and ensuring the accuracy and security of Ethernet data. The SX1278 module is responsible for the transmission of LoRa wireless data. The ADM3053 isolation transceiver uses magnetic coupling isolation technology to achieve electrical isolation between the CAN bus signal and the main controller, effectively preventing noise and interference on the CAN bus from affecting the main controller. The second chip is a W5500 chip; the transformer is an HR911105A model.

[0059] Specifically, the alarm execution module includes a buzzer and an LED array. The signal receiving end of the alarm execution module is connected to the alarm signal output end of the main controller. The LED array includes yellow LEDs and red LEDs. When a fire is detected, the buzzer sounds an alarm and the LED array flashes to remind personnel at the fire scene to evacuate.

[0060] More specifically, the smoke sensor, infrared pyroelectric sensor, and gas sensor in the multi-sensor fusion module continuously collect data from the detection environment. When the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1%obs / m), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13,000 ppm, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's warning state, and the yellow light in the alarm execution module's LED array flashes. If any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continues to rise, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's fire alarm state, the red LED in the alarm execution module's LED array stays on, and the buzzer alarm emits a 105dB alarm sound to remind on-site personnel to evacuate as soon as possible.

[0061] It should be noted that in actual circuits, simply connecting the buzzer and LED array to the circuit will allow the components to function normally. Therefore, the details of the power management module supplying power to the alarm execution module will not be elaborated here, as those skilled in the art can easily understand this.

[0062] In summary, during actual use, the fire alarm device is powered by mains electricity while simultaneously charging a backup 24V battery. The charging stops once the 24V battery is fully charged. The first controller monitors the power supply status in real time, and automatically switches to battery power when the mains power supply fails. During normal operation, the smoke sensor, infrared pyroelectric sensor, and gas sensor in the multi-sensor fusion module continuously collect data from the detection environment. When the smoke concentration exceeds the threshold (0.1% obs / m³), the temperature exceeds 60°C, or the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 13000 ppm, the main controller triggers the alarm execution module's warning state. The yellow light in the alarm execution module's LED array flashes, and the wireless communication module sends a warning message to a remote server, notifying remote personnel of a potential fire and urging them to remain vigilant. If any of the three physical quantities—smoke concentration, temperature, or combustible gas concentration—continuously increases, the main controller triggers the fire alarm state of the alarm execution module. The red LED in the alarm execution module's LED array remains constantly lit, and the buzzer alarm emits a 105dB sound to alert on-site personnel to evacuate immediately. The millimeter-wave radar module scans the environment at a 10Hz frequency to detect vital signs. Simultaneously, the main controller controls the communication module to send fire information to a remote server, notifying remote personnel to immediately initiate firefighting and rescue operations. When the millimeter-wave radar module detects vital signs of trapped personnel, it transmits the vital sign signal to the main controller, which then transmits it to the remote server via the communication module, notifying remote personnel to initiate rescue operations.

[0063] Through these connections and in conjunction with the above-mentioned detection method, the device of this invention can promptly monitor whether a fire has occurred and send an alarm wirelessly when a fire is detected.

[0064] It should be noted that all the electronic components mentioned above are available for purchase in domestic and international markets.

[0065] The various embodiments of this utility model have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this utility model, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art will fully understand how to implement the technical solution of this utility model based on the above description. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims.

[0066] Of course, there may be other embodiments of this utility model. Without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications based on this utility model, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fire alarm device, characterized in that, The device includes a millimeter-wave radar module, a self-diagnostic module, a multi-sensor fusion module, a main controller, a communication module, and a power management module that powers the device. The main controller is electrically connected to the millimeter-wave radar module, self-diagnostic module, multi-sensor fusion module, and communication module; the self-diagnostic module is electrically connected to the main controller via the main controller's peripheral interface CAN; the multi-sensor fusion module is electrically connected to the main controller via the main controller's peripheral interface I2C. The millimeter-wave radar module is used to detect vital signs of forward-facing human targets within a 15-meter range. The millimeter-wave radar module is electrically connected to the main controller via an SPI interface to achieve signal transmission with the main controller.

2. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module adopts dual-redundant power supply, including a main power supply and a backup power supply. The main power supply is to process the 220V AC mains power into 24V DC power through the AC-DC module, and the backup power supply is a 24V battery. When there is a power outage or circuit failure, the first controller automatically switches to battery power supply.

3. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes an isolated DC-DC converter group, a non-isolated DC-DC converter, and an LDO regulator group. The isolated DC-DC converter group includes a first isolated DC-DC converter, a second isolated DC-DC converter, and a third isolated DC-DC converter. The LDO regulator group includes a first LDO regulator, a second LDO regulator, a third LDO regulator, and a fourth LDO regulator. The input terminals of the first, second, and third isolated DC-DC converters are connected to the output terminals of the AC-DC module, converting the 24V DC power obtained from the AC-DC module into... The system is replaced with a 5V three-way independent isolated power supply output. The outputs of the first, second, and third isolated DC-DC converters are connected to the signal inputs of the first, second, and third LDO regulators, respectively. The 5V input voltage is converted to a 3.3V output through the first, second, and third LDO regulators. The outputs of the first, second, and third LDO regulators are then connected to the power supply terminals of the millimeter-wave radar module, the communication module, and the main controller, respectively, to power these components.

4. The fire alarm device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output of the AC-DC module is also connected to the input of the fourth DC-DC converter; the output of the fourth DC-DC converter is connected to the input of the fourth LDO regulator, and the output of the fourth LDO regulator is connected to the power supply of the multi-sensor fusion module.

5. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-diagnostic module includes a first chip and an optocoupler isolator. The signal output terminal of the first chip is connected to the main controller via the peripheral CAN interface of the main controller. The voltage detection terminal of the first chip is connected to the output terminals of 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies respectively to monitor the status of the 24V / 5V / 3.3V power supplies. The voltage detection terminal of the first chip is electrically connected to the sensor fusion module to monitor the voltage of the sensor fusion module in real time. The optocoupler isolator is set in the CAN bus communication line to continuously monitor the signal transmission quality of each communication component on the CAN bus.

6. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-sensor fusion module includes a smoke sensor for monitoring smoke concentration, an infrared pyroelectric sensor for detecting minute temperature changes, and a gas sensor; the signal output terminal of the multi-sensor fusion module is electrically connected to the main controller via the main controller's peripheral interface I2C.

7. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module includes an Ethernet interface, a LoRa interface, and a CAN bus. The Ethernet interface is electrically connected to the transformer, the output of the transformer is connected to the signal input of the second chip, and the signal output of the second chip is electrically connected to the main controller's SPI interface to achieve communication with the main controller. The LoRa interface is electrically connected to the SX1278 module, and then connected to the main controller's peripheral interface USART to achieve communication with the main controller. The CAN bus uses an ADM3053 isolation transceiver to ensure electrical isolation between the communication module and the main controller.

8. The fire alarm device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an alarm execution module, which includes a buzzer and an LED array. The signal receiving end of the alarm execution module is connected to the alarm signal output end of the main controller; the LED array includes yellow LEDs and red LEDs.

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