Motor gear shifting electric control device and gear shifting box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of motor gear shifting electric control device and gear shifting box, belong to electric vehicle gear shifter technical field.The device includes switch module, electric control drive module and yoke structure, switch module receives gear shifting instruction and exports electric signal by gear shifting switch and relay combination, electric control drive module includes shell, driving mechanism and transmission assembly with eccentric dialing column, and driving dialing plate realizes deflection motion by guide groove, yoke structure is linked with gear set through torsion spring reset mechanism.Yoke structure bifurcated end adopts annular profile design and is accurately matched with gear sleeve groove, wherein dialing plate is equipped with the guide groove matched with dialing column trajectory.Due to the utility model, electric signal drive replaces traditional manual gear shifting, utilizes electric control module to accurately control yoke horizontal displacement, effectively eliminates artificial operation delay, avoids the jamming phenomenon caused by gear misplacement, improves gear shifting response speed and power transmission continuity, guarantees vehicle driving safety and control stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle gear shifters, specifically to a motor gear shifting electronic control device and gear shift box. Background Technology

[0002] The gear shifting mechanism in an electric vehicle is a key component of the transmission system, responsible for switching the gear set from one gear to another, thereby enabling the vehicle to drive smoothly under different speed and load conditions. The gear shifting mechanism typically works in conjunction with the drive shaft and gear set in the gearbox, and its main function is to drive the gears along the drive shaft through mechanical or electronic control devices to achieve gear switching.

[0003] The utility model patent with publication number CN221145225U mentions that common electric vehicle gear shifters use a separate locking piece inside the gear shifter housing to connect the gear lever to the gear shifter. During use, the locking piece moves within the gear shifter. Currently, most electric tricycle gear shifting mechanisms on the market use a rigid shift fork structure, meaning the gear set is switched by manually shifting the fork. Although the aforementioned utility model improves the electric vehicle gear shifter by integrally molding the gear lever locking piece inside the front and rear covers, increasing the gear shifter's lifespan, its shifting is still based on manual mechanical shifting. Its response speed is based on the delay caused by human operation. When the gear set is not fully aligned, gear engagement failure or jamming can easily occur. This mechanical shifting may lead to a momentary loss of power, affecting the continuity of driving and thus reducing driving safety.

[0004] Therefore, how to control gear shifting more precisely while improving response speed is a problem faced in this field. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a motor shifting electronic control device and shifting box, which solves the problems of delay in manual operation and jamming during manual shifting.

[0006] To achieve the purpose of this utility model, this utility model provides a motor shifting electronic control device, comprising: a switch module, an electronic control drive module, and a shift fork structure; the switch module is electrically connected to the electronic control drive module; the switch module acquires a shifting command input by the user and outputs a shifting signal to the electronic control drive module; the electronic control drive module is connected to the shift fork structure and drives the shift fork structure to perform a shifting operation; the shift fork structure is used to drive the switching of gear positions in the gear set;

[0007] The switching module includes a shift switch, an electronic control drive input interface, and at least two sets of relays. One end of the coil of each relay is connected to a power supply, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the shift switch. The common terminal of the relay is connected to the drive signal input terminal of the electronic control drive input interface. The normally open terminal of the relay is connected to the power supply, and the normally closed terminal of the relay is grounded. The output terminal of the shift switch is connected to the input terminal of the electronic control drive input interface. The electronic control drive input interface is used to receive the control signal from the shift switch and the drive signal from the relay, and transmit them to the electronic control drive module to control the shift operation.

[0008] Furthermore, the shift switch includes at least three sets of contact points, each corresponding to at least three gear positions. Each set of contact points includes the input and output terminals of two shift switches. When the shift switch is switched to the corresponding gear position, the input and output terminals of the two sets of shift switches are connected respectively to trigger the relay and control the electronic control drive module to enter the corresponding gear position.

[0009] Preferably, the electronic control drive interface further includes several status indicator lights, each status indicator light corresponding to a gear position; the positive terminal of each status indicator light is connected to the power supply, and the negative terminal is connected to the corresponding output port of the electronic control drive interface to indicate different gear positions.

[0010] Furthermore, the electronically controlled drive module includes a housing, a drive mechanism, and a control unit; a mounting post is connected to the bottom of the housing, and a rotatable actuating plate is fitted on the mounting post, the actuating plate being disposed close to one side of the housing; a torsion spring is also fitted on the mounting post, the extended ends of the torsion spring abutting against the two sides of the shift fork structure; the drive mechanism and the control unit are disposed inside the housing, the drive mechanism being used to drive the actuating plate to deflect around the mounting post, and the control unit being used to receive control signals and control the drive mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the housing is also provided with a transmission shaft connected to the drive mechanism; the transmission shaft extends to the outside of the housing and a turntable is sleeved on it; an actuating column is eccentrically sleeved on the turntable; the actuating plate is provided with a guide groove corresponding to the movement trajectory of the actuating column, and the actuating column is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the actuating plate away from the mounting post is provided with an actuating piece, and slots are provided on both sides of the actuating piece. The extended ends of the torsion spring on both sides are respectively located in the slots on both sides of the actuating piece.

[0013] Furthermore, the shift fork structure is slidably sleeved on the shift shaft, which is fixedly arranged in the horizontal direction along the gear set; the end of the shift fork structure away from the electronic control drive module is provided with a bifurcated end with an annular profile, the shape of the bifurcated end matches the curvature of the gear sleeve provided on the gear set, and the bifurcated end is used to embed into the groove of the gear sleeve to drive the gear sleeve to move horizontally along the shift shaft.

[0014] This invention replaces manual mechanical gear shifting with electrical signal drive through the coordinated control of a switch module and an electronically controlled drive module, reducing the delay caused by manual operation and improving the shifting response speed. The electronically controlled drive module drives the shift fork structure to slide, achieving precise gear shifting and avoiding the jamming phenomenon caused by gear misalignment. This effectively solves the problem of easy jamming during manual gear shifting, ensuring vehicle driving safety and handling stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The circuit diagram of the switching module is shown in the embodiment.

[0016] Figure 2 A structural diagram of the motor shifting electronic control device in an embodiment (first perspective);

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the electronically controlled drive module in an embodiment.

[0018] Figure 4 A structural diagram of the motor shifting electronic control device in an embodiment (second perspective);

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating toggle plate in an embodiment.

[0020] In the above figures: 1. Electronic control drive module; 2. Shift fork structure; 3. Gear set; 4. Gear sleeve; 5. Housing; 6. Drive mechanism; 7. Mounting post; 8. Actuating plate; 9. Torsion spring; 10. Extension end; 11. Actuating piece; 12. Transmission gear set; 13. Transmission shaft; 14. Turntable; 15. Actuating post; 16. Guide groove; 17. Shift shaft; 18. Forked end. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the utility model more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. Throughout, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" or "a number" means two or more.

[0022] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] This utility model embodiment proposes a motor shifting electronic control device, including an electronic control drive module 1, a shift fork structure 2, and a switch module; the electronic control drive module 1 is connected to the shift fork structure 2 and drives the shift fork structure 2 to perform shifting operations; the shift fork structure 2 is used to drive the gear set 3 to switch gears; the switch module obtains the shifting command input by the user and outputs the shifting signal to the electronic control drive module 1.

[0024] The circuit diagram of the switching module of this utility model embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in order to realize the switching of the three gears of the motor, the three-gear shift switch SK2 is used in this embodiment, and the electric control drive interface 4 used in this embodiment includes nine input interfaces numbered 1-9 to realize the functions of motor gear switching control signal input, status display, and drive current input.

[0025] Furthermore, a 12V DC power supply is output via power switch K to one end of the coil and one normally open end of relays D2 and D3, respectively. The other end X of the relay D2 coil is connected to the three contacts of shift switch SK2 as input terminals, and the other end Y of the relay D3 coil is connected to the three contacts of shift switch SK2 as input terminals. The normally closed end of relay D2 is grounded, and its common end is connected to interface 5 of the electronic control drive interface 4; the normally closed end of relay D3 is grounded, and its common end is connected to interface 6 of the electronic control drive interface. The output contacts of shift switch SK2 are connected to interfaces 4, 7, and 9 of the electronic control drive interface 4, and are used for inputting control signals. The electronic control drive module 1 drives the motor to switch between different gears according to the control signals received from different interfaces. The specific connection method is shown below:

[0026] First gear: Contacts X-4 and X-9 are connected to trigger relay D2. Interface 5 of the electronic control drive interface 4 receives the drive signal and controls the electronic control drive module 1 to enter the first gear state.

[0027] Second gear: Contacts Y-9 and Y-7 are connected to trigger relay D3. Interface 6 of the electronic control drive interface 4 receives the drive signal and controls the electronic control drive module 1 to enter the second gear state.

[0028] Third gear: Contacts Y-7 and X-4 are connected, simultaneously triggering relays D2 and D3. Interfaces 5 and 6 of the electronic control drive interface 4 receive the drive signal, controlling the electronic control drive module 1 to enter the third gear state.

[0029] The 12V DC power input signal is transmitted through a relay coil and shift switch SK2 to output a low-power signal as a control signal (the coil has high resistance, resulting in a small operating current). Meanwhile, the normally open contacts of the relay directly output a high-power drive signal. This isolation design, separating the drive and control signals, ensures both the accuracy of the control logic and the safe transmission of high-current drive current. Furthermore, interfaces 1, 3, and 8 of the electronic drive interface are each connected to a status indicator light for displaying the status of the three gear positions; interface 2 of the electronic drive interface 4 is grounded. Through the coordinated control of the switch module and the electronic drive module 1, manual mechanical shifting is replaced by electrical signal drive, reducing delays caused by manual operation and improving shift response speed.

[0030] The structural diagram of the electronically controlled drive module of this utility model embodiment is shown below. Figure 2As shown, the device includes a housing 5, a drive mechanism 6, and a control unit. A mounting post 7 is connected to the bottom of the housing 1. A rotatable actuating plate 8 is fitted onto the mounting post 7, and the actuating plate 8 is positioned close to one side of the housing 1. A torsion spring 9 is also fitted onto the mounting post 7, and the extended ends 10 on both sides of the torsion spring 9 abut against both sides of the shift fork structure 2. The drive mechanism 6 and the control unit are located inside the housing 1 and are used to drive the actuating plate to deflect around the mounting post 7 according to a control signal. The control unit is used to receive the control signal and control the drive mechanism 6. Further, an actuating piece 11 is provided at the end of the actuating plate 8 away from the mounting post 7. Slots are formed on both sides of the actuating piece 11, and the extended ends 10 on both sides of the torsion spring 9 are respectively located within the slots on both sides of the actuating piece 11.

[0031] The internal structure diagram of the electronically controlled drive module in this embodiment of the utility model is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the drive mechanism 6 is connected to the drive shaft 13 through the transmission gear set 12. The drive shaft 13 extends to the outside of the housing 1 and a turntable 14 is sleeved on it. An actuating post 15 is eccentrically sleeved on the turntable 14. The actuating plate 8 is provided with a guide groove 16 corresponding to the movement trajectory of the actuating post 15. The actuating post 15 is slidably connected to the guide groove 16. The length of the guide groove 16 is equal to the diameter of the actuating post 15 rotating eccentrically around the center of the turntable 14.

[0032] The structural diagram of the motor shifting electronic control device of this utility model embodiment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the shift fork structure 2 is slidably sleeved on the shift shaft 17, which is fixedly set along the horizontal direction of the gear set 3. The end of the shift fork structure 2 away from the housing 5 is provided with a forked end 18 with an annular profile. The shape of the forked end 18 matches the curvature of the gear sleeve 19 provided on the gear set 3 and is used to embed into the groove of the gear sleeve 19 to drive the gear sleeve 19 to move horizontally along the shift shaft 17.

[0033] A schematic diagram of the rotation of the toggle plate in this embodiment of the utility model is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, when the electronically controlled drive module 1 performs a gear shifting operation, the drive mechanism 6 drives the transmission shaft 13 and its turntable 14 to rotate. The shifting column 15 rotates eccentrically clockwise or counterclockwise around the center of the turntable 14, causing the shifting plate 8 to deflect around the mounting column. The shifting plate 8 drives the torsion spring 9 to rotate, and the extension end 10 of the torsion spring 9 pushes the shift fork structure 2 to slide horizontally along the shift shaft 17, thereby causing the gear sleeve 19 to move horizontally and controlling the meshing of different gears in the gear set 3, thus realizing the switching of different gears. By driving the shift fork structure 2 to slide through the electronically controlled drive module 1, precise gear shifting is achieved, avoiding the jamming phenomenon caused by gear misalignment, and improving the shifting response speed and the continuity of power transmission.

[0034] On the other hand, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a gear shift box is also provided, which includes the above-mentioned motor gear shifting electronic control device.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor shifting electronic control device, characterized in that... It includes: a switch module, an electronically controlled drive module, and a shift fork structure; the switch module is electrically connected to the electronically controlled drive module; The switching module acquires the shift command input by the user and outputs a shift signal to the electronic control drive module; The electronically controlled drive module is connected to the shift fork structure and drives the shift fork structure to perform the shifting operation; The shift fork structure is used to drive the shifting of gear sets; The switching module includes a shift switch, an electronic control drive input interface, and at least two sets of relays; One end of the coil of each relay is connected to a power source, and the other end is connected to the input terminal of the shift switch; the common terminal of the relay is connected to the drive signal input terminal of the electronic control drive input interface. The normally open terminal of the relay is connected to the power supply, and the normally closed terminal of the relay is grounded. The output terminal of the shift switch is connected to the input terminal of the electronic control drive input interface; The electronic control drive input interface is used to receive control signals from the shift switch and drive signals from the relay, and transmit them to the electronic control drive module to control the shift operation.

2. The motor shifting electronic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift switch includes at least three sets of contact points, each corresponding to at least three gear positions. Each set of contact points includes two sets of input and output terminals of the shift switch. When the shift switch is switched to the corresponding gear, the input and output terminals of the two sets of shift switches are respectively connected to trigger the relay and control the electronic control drive module to enter the corresponding gear.

3. The motor shifting electronic control device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The electronic control drive interface also includes several status indicator lights, each of which corresponds to a gear position. The positive terminal of each status indicator light is connected to the power supply, and the negative terminal is connected to the corresponding output port of the electronic control drive interface to indicate different gear positions.

4. The motor shifting electronic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electronically controlled drive module includes a housing, a drive mechanism, and a control unit; The bottom of the housing is connected to a mounting post, and a rotatable actuating plate is fitted on the mounting post. The actuating plate is set close to one side of the housing. A torsion spring is also fitted on the mounting post, and the extended ends on both sides of the torsion spring abut against the two sides of the shift fork structure. The drive mechanism and control unit are disposed inside the housing. The drive mechanism is used to drive the toggle plate to deflect around the mounting post, and the control unit is used to receive control signals and control the drive mechanism.

5. The motor shifting electronic control device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The housing is also provided with a transmission shaft connected to the drive mechanism; the transmission shaft extends to the outside of the housing and a turntable is sleeved on it; an actuating column is eccentrically sleeved on the turntable; The actuating plate is provided with a guide groove corresponding to the movement trajectory of the actuating column, and the actuating column is slidably connected to the guide groove.

6. The motor shifting electronic control device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The actuating plate has an actuating piece at one end away from the mounting post, and slots are provided on both sides of the actuating piece. The extended ends of the torsion spring are located in the slots on both sides of the actuating piece.

7. The motor shifting electronic control device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The shift fork structure is slidably sleeved on the shift shaft, and the shift shaft is fixedly arranged in the horizontal direction along the gear set; The shift fork structure has a bifurcated end with an annular profile at one end away from the electronically controlled drive module. The shape of the bifurcated end matches the curvature of the gear sleeve on the gear set. The bifurcated end is used to embed into the groove of the gear sleeve and drive the gear sleeve to move horizontally along the shift shaft.

8. A gear shifter, characterized in that: The gearbox is equipped with a motor gear shifting electronic control device according to any one of claims 1-7.

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