A multi-channel discrete quantity input / output board card

Abstract

The utility model belongs to data transmission technical field discloses a kind of multi-channel discrete quantity input-output board, including FPGA core board, signal interface module, discrete quantity input module, discrete quantity output module, level conversion module, power module and bus interface module, the FPGA core board is connected with level conversion module, power module and bus interface module respectively, level conversion module is connected with discrete quantity input module, discrete quantity output module, discrete quantity input module, discrete quantity output module is connected with signal interface module, the utility model designs the input and output channel of multiple, the constant current detection scheme based on depletion-mode MOSFET, for optocoupler provides stable driving current, effectively avoids the misfire caused by input voltage slight fluctuation, ensures the reliability of signal detection. Meanwhile, each channel is realized high voltage electrical isolation using optocoupler, thereby significantly enhanced the anti-interference ability of system, and provides key protection for internal core circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of data transmission technology, and in particular to a multi-channel discrete input / output board. Background Technology

[0002] Discrete input / output modules are key interface components in industrial automation control systems, aerospace equipment, and various intelligent devices. They are responsible for acquiring external switch status signals (input) and driving load on / off states (output). As a bridge connecting the controller and field devices, their performance directly affects the stability, reliability, and response accuracy of the entire system.

[0003] However, many discrete input / output modules still suffer from several technical defects in their design that urgently need to be addressed, hindering their full performance. Firstly, regarding the crucial aspect of interference immunity, the design of some modules fails to adequately consider the harsh industrial electromagnetic environment. Inadequate circuit layout, filtering measures, or isolation schemes can easily lead to misinterpretations of input signals (such as misreading "OFF" as "ON") or disordered output commands (such as unexpected switching on or off) when operating near strong interference sources such as frequency converters or high-power motors, causing equipment malfunctions or even production interruptions.

[0004] Secondly, many modules lack flexibility in configuring input / output channels. Traditional boards often provide a fixed number of single-function channels (e.g., a board may be entirely input or entirely output), and the input type or output drive capability cannot be changed. When field devices need to be configured with loads of different signal types or power levels, engineers have to select and combine multiple board models, which not only increases hardware costs and rack space but also complicates system configuration, cabling, and subsequent maintenance.

[0005] The shortcomings of existing discrete input / output modules in terms of anti-interference capability, configuration flexibility, and interface versatility not only increase the complexity of system design and overall cost, but also pose a potential threat to the long-term reliability and robustness of the control system. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-channel discrete input / output board that has advantages in terms of anti-interference capability, configuration flexibility, and signal interface versatility.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-channel discrete input / output board includes an FPGA core board, a signal interface module, a discrete input module, a discrete output module, a level conversion module, a power supply module, and a bus interface module. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module, the power supply module, and the bus interface module, respectively. The level conversion module is connected to the discrete input module and the discrete output module. The discrete input module and the discrete output module are connected to the signal interface module. The signal interface module is used to input or output discrete quantities. It is implemented using a SCSI signal interface. The SCSI signal interface includes multiple discrete quantity input channels, multiple discrete quantity output channels, and an external reference power input channel. The multiple discrete quantity input channels are connected to the discrete quantity input module, and the multiple discrete quantity output channels are connected to the discrete quantity output module. The discrete input module is implemented using optocoupler relays and MOSFETs. When a high voltage is input externally, the output side of the optocoupler relay is turned on, and thus read as high / active by the logic circuit. The discrete output module is implemented using an optocoupler-isolated relay. The control signal drives the relay after passing through the optocoupler-isolated relay, and the relay controls the on / off state of the external load. The discrete input module and discrete output module can be configured to select different modes via jumper settings.

[0008] Furthermore, the FPGA core board is an FPGA core board built with an XC7A35T chip. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module and the power module through an inter-board connector, and to the bus interface module through a PCI-to-PCIe bridge.

[0009] Furthermore, the discrete input module has three modes: power on / power off, power on / power ground, and power ground on / power ground off.

[0010] Furthermore, the relay in the discrete output module is a solid-state relay GAQW217EH.

[0011] Furthermore, the discrete output module offers two mode selection options: power on / power off and power ground on / power ground off.

[0012] Furthermore, the bus interface module is implemented using a CPCI interface, and the PCI bus is connected to the FPGA core board using a PCI-to-PCIe bridge; the CPCI interface provides the motherboard with 5V operating power.

[0013] Furthermore, the power module includes, in sequence, a power switch circuit, a fuse, a reverse connection protection circuit, and a filter, with multiple DC / DC converters connected after the filter.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) Using an FPGA core board as the main controller, in conjunction with a SCSI signal interface, a compact integration of 24 discrete inputs and outputs is achieved, saving space. At the same time, the programmability of the FPGA provides great flexibility for subsequent function expansion and customization.

[0015] (2) The discrete input module uses a combination of optocoupler relays and MOSFETs, and the discrete output module uses optocoupler isolation relays to achieve physical isolation, effectively isolating the electrical interference between the input / output terminals and the internal logic circuits, and significantly improving the anti-interference capability and reliability of the board in harsh industrial environments.

[0016] (3) The discrete input module and discrete output module support multiple mode selections (such as power / power off, power / power ground, power ground / power ground off) through jumper settings, which enables this board to flexibly adapt to different types of industrial sensors and actuators, improving the versatility and applicability of the product.

[0017] (4) Interface standardization and ease of use: The signal interface adopts the SCSI standard interface, which has the characteristics of a large number of pins and reliable connection, making it easy to conduct field wiring and connect with other devices. At the same time, the interface integrates input, output and external reference power supply, simplifying system integration.

[0018] (5) The power module integrates a power switch circuit, fuse, reverse connection protection circuit and filter, and provides a stable multi-channel power supply through a DC / DC converter, ensuring the stable operation of the board and the protection against external power abnormalities. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the FPGA core board of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the discrete input circuit diagram of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a wiring diagram of the discrete input-power supply / on circuit of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a wiring diagram of the discrete input-power / ground of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a wiring diagram of the discrete input-ground / open circuit of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7This is the discrete output circuit diagram of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a wiring diagram of the discrete output power supply / switch of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a wiring diagram of the discrete output-ground / open circuit of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-channel discrete input / output board, which includes an FPGA core board, a signal interface module, a discrete input module, a discrete output module, a level conversion module, a power supply module, and a bus interface module. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module, the power supply module, and the bus interface module, respectively. The level conversion module is connected to the discrete input module and the discrete output module, and the discrete input module and the discrete output module are connected to the signal interface module.

[0031] The FPGA core board is built using the XC7A35T chip. Specifically, this embodiment uses the Shanghai Puzhi PZ-ARTIX7 series FPGA core board, model XC7A35T-2FFG484I. Figure 2 As shown, it includes functional modules such as clock crystal oscillator, DDR memory, SPI FLASH, reset, LED indicator, and power distribution. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module and power module through inter-board connectors, and to the bus interface module through a PCI-to-PCIe bridge.

[0032] The signal interface module is used to input or output discrete quantities. It is implemented using a SCSI signal interface, which includes 24 discrete input channels, 24 discrete output channels, and an external reference power input channel. The 24 discrete input channels are connected to the discrete input module, and the 24 discrete output channels are connected to the discrete output module.

[0033] The discrete input module uses an optocoupler relay as the discrete input circuit, such as... Figure 3As shown, its input threshold current is 5mA. By utilizing the current saturation characteristics of the field-effect transistor (MOSFET) at different voltage values, the logic level detection function is designed and implemented.

[0034] Level detection principle: Using an N-channel depletion-type MOSFET as a constant current source, when the external input voltage is high enough, the current flows through the LED of the optocoupler, turning on the output side of the optocoupler, which is then read as high / active by the logic circuit.

[0035] The input mode selection is set via jumpers. Jumper settings change the connection between external input signals and internal circuitry, thus adapting to different discrete signal types. Specifically, it can be set to three detection modes: power / power off, power / power ground, and power ground / power ground off.

[0036] Power / Power Ground jumper settings: Short 1-3, Short 2-4, e.g. Figure 4 As shown, the discrete input is connected to either power or power disconnection; the detection target is whether the external signal is "power on" or "no connection (open circuit)". External power supply → MOSFET constant current source → through optocoupler LED → back to external GND. If there is power and the voltage is sufficient, the optocoupler conducts; if the external circuit is open, there is no current, and the optocoupler does not conduct.

[0037] Power ground / power ground disconnect jumper settings: 1-3 shorted, 2-4 shorted, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the discrete input is connected to the power supply / power ground; the object of detection is the external signal, which is either "connected to power" or "grounded"; when the external power supply is connected, the current flows through the optocoupler in the forward direction; when the external power supply is grounded, the voltage across the optocoupler is close to 0 and it does not conduct.

[0038] Power ground / power ground disconnect jumper settings: 3-5 shorted, 4-6 shorted, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the detection target is either "grounded" or "no connection (open circuit)" for the external signal. When the external signal is grounded, the anode of the optocoupler LED is connected to the internal power supply of the module through an internal pull-up resistor, and the cathode is grounded through a jumper, forming a current path; when the external signal is open, there is no current.

[0039] The discrete output module uses an optocoupler-isolated relay as a switch. The control signal, after optocoupler isolation, drives the power switch, which controls the on / off state of the external load. Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a solid-state relay GAQW217EH is selected as the discrete output circuit.

[0040] The discrete output module offers two mode selections: Power / Power Off and Power Ground / Power Ground Off. For Power / Power Off, the jumper setting is: 1-2 shorted, as shown below. Figure 8As shown, the discrete output connection is as follows: power supply / power off; one end of the external load is connected to the power supplied by the module, and the other end is connected to the output terminal; when the internal MOSFET is turned on, the load is energized; when turned off, the load is de-energized. Power ground / power ground off jumper settings: 2-3 shorted, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the discrete output is connected to power ground / power ground disconnected; one end of the external load is grounded, and the other end is connected to the output terminal. When the internal MOSFET is turned on, the load is grounded to form a loop; when turned off, both ends of the load are floating or only one end is grounded, and it does not work.

[0041] The bus interface module is implemented using a CPCI interface, which enables PCI bus protocol communication. The PCI bus is connected to the FPGA core board via a PCI-to-PCIe bridge. The CPCI interface also provides 5V power to the motherboard.

[0042] like Figure 10 As shown, the power module includes a power switch circuit, a fuse, a reverse connection protection circuit, and a filter in sequence. Multiple DC / DC converters are connected after the filter. The power supply from the CPCI interface first passes through the power switch circuit, then through the self-resetting fuse and the reverse connection protection circuit, and then through the filter to meet electromagnetic compatibility requirements. It is then divided into three paths: one path powers the FPGA core board, one path converts the voltage to 3.3V and 1V through the DC / DC converter to provide level conversion for the signal interface module, and the other path provides 5V to power the optocoupler relay.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-channel discrete input / output board, characterized in that, It includes an FPGA core board, a signal interface module, a discrete input module, a discrete output module, a level conversion module, a power supply module, and a bus interface module. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module, the power supply module, and the bus interface module, respectively. The level conversion module is connected to the discrete input module and the discrete output module. The discrete input module and the discrete output module are connected to the signal interface module. The signal interface module is used to input or output discrete quantities. It is implemented using a SCSI signal interface. The SCSI signal interface includes multiple discrete quantity input channels, multiple discrete quantity output channels, and an external reference power input channel. The multiple discrete quantity input channels are connected to the discrete quantity input module, and the multiple discrete quantity output channels are connected to the discrete quantity output module. The discrete input module is implemented using optocoupler relays and MOSFETs. When a high voltage is input externally, the output side of the optocoupler relay is turned on, and thus read as high / active by the logic circuit. The discrete output module is implemented using an optocoupler isolation relay. The control signal drives the optocoupler isolation relay after passing through the optocoupler isolator, and the optocoupler isolation relay controls the on / off state of the external load. The discrete input module and discrete output module can be configured to select different modes via jumper settings.

2. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The FPGA core board is built with an XC7A35T chip. The FPGA core board is connected to the level conversion module and the power module through inter-board connectors, and to the bus interface module through a PCI-to-PCIe bridge.

3. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discrete input module has three modes: power on / power off, power on / power ground, and power ground on / power ground off.

4. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discrete output module uses a solid-state relay, GAQW217EH.

5. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discrete output module offers two mode options: power on / power off and power to ground / power to ground off.

6. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bus interface module is implemented using the CPCI interface. The PCI bus is connected to the FPGA core board using a PCI-to-PCIe bridge. The CPCI interface provides the motherboard with 5V operating power.

7. A multi-channel discrete input / output board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power module includes, in sequence, a power switch circuit, a fuse, a reverse connection protection circuit, and a filter, with multiple DC / DC converters connected after the filter.

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