A photovoltaic junction box, a battery assembly, and a photovoltaic system

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of solar cells, and provides a photovoltaic junction box, a cell module and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic junction box is used for a cell laminate, and the photovoltaic junction box comprises: a diode, a negative electrode connected to a positive bus bar of the cell laminate, and a positive electrode connected to a negative bus bar of the cell laminate; a detection circuit connected to a positive electrode of the diode and a voltage detection lead of the cell laminate, the voltage detection lead being insulated from the positive electrode of the diode; the detection circuit comprises a detection element, a communication module and a processor, the detection element and the communication module are connected to the processor, and the detection element comprises a shunt, the shunt is connected to the positive electrode of the diode, the processor and a module output interface of the cell laminate. In this way, fine operation and maintenance can be realized, and the monitoring accuracy of the cell module can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of solar cell technology, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic junction box, a battery module, and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] The efficiency and reliability of solar cell modules are crucial to the entire photovoltaic system. However, in practical applications, various factors such as partial shading, module aging, and connection failures can lead to hidden power generation losses in solar cell modules, which are difficult to detect and resolve in a timely manner. Current monitoring technologies typically target the entire system or multiple module arrays, resulting in relatively poor accuracy. Therefore, improving the accuracy of solar cell module monitoring has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a photovoltaic junction box, a battery module, and a photovoltaic system, aiming to solve the problem of how to improve the monitoring accuracy of battery modules.

[0004] The photovoltaic junction box provided in this application is used in a battery lamination assembly, and the photovoltaic junction box includes:

[0005] A diode, with its negative terminal connected to the positive terminal busbar of the battery laminate and its positive terminal connected to the negative terminal busbar of the battery laminate;

[0006] A detection circuit is provided, which connects the positive terminal of the diode to the voltage detection lead of the battery laminate, wherein the voltage detection lead is insulated from the positive terminal of the diode.

[0007] The detection circuit includes a detection element, a communication module, and a processor. The detection element and the communication module are connected to the processor. The detection element includes a shunt, which is connected to the positive terminal of the diode, the processor, and the component output interface of the battery laminate.

[0008] Specifically, the detection element includes a temperature sensor, which is connected to the processor.

[0009] Specifically, the detection element includes a voltage divider resistor connected to the processor and the voltage detection lead.

[0010] Specifically, the photovoltaic junction box includes a differential amplifier, which is connected to the shunt and the processor.

[0011] Specifically, the communication module includes a radio frequency module and an antenna, and the radio frequency module is connected to the processor and the antenna.

[0012] Specifically, the radio frequency module includes at least one of the following: SUB-1G module, HRF module, NB-IoT module, ZigBee module, WiFi module, Bluetooth module, 4G module, and 5G module.

[0013] Specifically, the photovoltaic junction box includes an auxiliary power supply, which is connected to the detection circuit and the voltage detection lead.

[0014] Specifically, the auxiliary power supply is connected to at least one of the processor, the detection element, and the communication module.

[0015] The battery module provided in this application includes a battery laminate and a photovoltaic junction box of any one of the above.

[0016] The photovoltaic system provided in this application includes the battery modules described above.

[0017] The photovoltaic junction box, battery module, and photovoltaic system of this application embodiment, because the detection circuit connecting the positive terminal of the diode and the voltage detection lead of the battery laminate includes a detection element, a communication module, and a processor, can monitor the operating parameters of individual battery modules in real time, realizing module-level performance monitoring and fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, because the detection element includes a shunt, current can be measured more accurately. This enables refined operation and maintenance, and improves the accuracy of battery module monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0020] Battery module 1000, photovoltaic junction box 100, diode 10, detection circuit 20, shunt 211, temperature sensor 212, voltage divider resistor 213, communication module 22, radio frequency module 221, antenna 222, processor 23, differential amplifier 24, auxiliary power supply 25, battery laminate 200, voltage detection lead 201, module output interface 202. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 The photovoltaic junction box 100 of this application embodiment is used in the battery laminate 200. The photovoltaic junction box 100 includes:

[0028] Diode 10, with its negative terminal connected to the positive busbar of battery laminate 200, and its positive terminal connected to the negative busbar of battery laminate 200;

[0029] The detection circuit 20 connects the positive terminal of the diode 10 to the voltage detection lead 201 of the battery laminate 200. The voltage detection lead 201 is insulated from the positive terminal of the diode 10.

[0030] The detection circuit 20 includes a detection element, a communication module 22, and a processor 23. The detection element and the communication module 22 are connected to the processor 23. The detection element includes a shunt 211, which is connected to the positive terminal of the diode 10, the processor 23, and the component output interface 202 of the battery laminate 200.

[0031] The photovoltaic junction box 100 of this application embodiment, because the detection circuit 20 connecting the positive terminal of the diode 10 and the voltage detection lead 201 of the battery laminate 200 includes a detection element, a communication module 22, and a processor 23, can monitor the operating parameters of a single battery module 1000 in real time, realizing module-level performance monitoring and fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, because the detection element includes a shunt 211, current can be measured more accurately. This enables refined operation and maintenance, and improves the accuracy of monitoring the battery module 1000.

[0032] Specifically, the battery laminate 200 includes a front panel, a front adhesive film, a solar cell, a solder strip, a busbar, a back adhesive film, a back sheet, etc.

[0033] Specifically, diode 10 has unidirectional conductivity. When diode 10 is turned on, current flows from the positive terminal of diode 10 through the interior of diode 10 to the negative terminal of diode 10. The negative terminal of diode 10 is connected to the positive busbar of battery laminate 200, and the positive terminal is connected to the negative busbar of battery laminate 200. This connection between the positive and negative busbars of battery laminate 200 can reduce the risk of module damage caused by hot spot effect of battery cells.

[0034] Specifically, the detection circuit 20 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode 10 and the voltage detection lead 201 of the battery laminate 200, with the voltage detection lead 201 being insulated from the positive terminal of the diode 10. Thus, the detection circuit 20 is connected to the diode 10 and the battery laminate 200 to detect various parameters of the battery assembly 1000.

[0035] Furthermore, the voltage detection lead 201 can be connected to the input interface of the battery assembly 1000. This eliminates the need for a new interface on the voltage detection lead 201, making installation more convenient and efficient.

[0036] In addition to the photovoltaic junction box 100, the battery module 100 may also include a first junction box and a second junction box. The voltage detection lead 201 may also be connected to either the first junction box or the second junction box.

[0037] Specifically, the detection circuit 20 includes a detection element, a communication module 22, and a processor 23. The detection element and the communication module 22 are connected to the processor 23. Thus, the component parameters detected by the detection element can be transmitted to the processor 23, which can then transmit the component parameters to the communication module 22, enabling the communication module 22 to transmit the component parameters to a server. The server can be a cloud server or a local host. The processor 23 can also process the component parameters and transmit the processed data to the communication module 22, enabling the communication module 22 to transmit the data to the server.

[0038] Understandably, the monitoring center can analyze and process the received data to achieve component-level performance monitoring and fault diagnosis. When anomalies are detected, the system can promptly issue alarms and provide corresponding solutions, enabling refined operation and maintenance and proactive safety. Simultaneously, staff can initiate remote inspection commands with a single click via mobile phones, computers, or other remote terminals. The monitoring center then controls the intelligent components to perform corresponding detection operations and provides real-time feedback on the inspection results, improving inspection efficiency and safety.

[0039] Specifically, the detection element includes a shunt 211, which connects the positive terminal of the diode 10, the processor 23, and the component output interface 202 of the battery laminate 200. Thus, the shunt 211 can more accurately measure the current between the positive terminal of the diode 10 and the component output interface 202, and transmit the measured current parameters to the processor 23.

[0040] In some embodiments, the detection element includes a temperature sensor 212, which is connected to the processor 23. Thus, the temperature sensor 212 can be used to acquire temperature parameters of the battery laminate 200 and transmit these parameters to the processor 23.

[0041] Specifically, the temperature sensor 212 may include an NTC temperature sensor 212. The NTC temperature sensor 212 includes a first pin and a second pin, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the auxiliary power supply 25. The NTC temperature sensor 212 may include a third pin, which is grounded. Additionally, the NTC temperature sensor 212 may be connected in series with a temperature resistor to form a voltage divider circuit. Furthermore, the NTC temperature sensor 212 may be connected to at least one of a filter capacitor or a decoupling capacitor. This can suppress noise and improve the accuracy of the measured temperature. It is understood that in other embodiments, the temperature sensor 212 may include at least one of a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector (RTD), a thermistor, an infrared temperature sensor, a digital temperature sensor, etc.

[0042] In one example, temperature sensor 212 transmits the detected real-time temperature to processor 23 in real time. Processor 23 monitors the voltage and current of the components in real time through shunt 211 and voltage divider resistor 213, calculates the real-time power, and transmits it wirelessly to communication module 22, which then uploads the data to the cloud.

[0043] In some embodiments, the detection element includes a voltage divider resistor 213 connected to the processor 23 and the voltage detection lead 201. Thus, the voltage measured at the voltage detection lead 201 can be transmitted to the processor 23.

[0044] Understandable. Figure 1 The two nested squares connected to both the voltage divider resistor 213 and the voltage detection lead 201 form the interface of the voltage detection lead 201.

[0045] Specifically, there can be multiple voltage divider resistors 213, such as two. In this way, the voltage measured at the voltage detection lead 201 can be reduced to the safe input range of the processor 23 by using the voltage divider resistors 213.

[0046] Specifically, the detection circuit 20 may also include a filter capacitor, which may be connected in parallel with the voltage divider resistor 213. In this way, noise can be filtered out, making the detection results more accurate.

[0047] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 includes a differential amplifier 24 connected to a shunt 211 and a processor 23. This amplifies the small voltage signal generated when current flows through the shunt 211, ensuring the amplified signal meets the safe input range of the processor 23. Furthermore, the differential amplifier 24 can suppress noise, resulting in more accurate current measurements.

[0048] In some embodiments, the communication module 22 includes a radio frequency (RF) module 221 and an antenna 222, with the RF module 221 connected to the processor 23 and the antenna 222. Thus, the RF module 221 can convert the data output by the processor 23 into radio waves for wireless transmission, while the antenna 222 allows for longer data transmission distances.

[0049] In some embodiments, the radio frequency module 221 includes at least one of a SUB-1G module, an HRF module, an NB-IoT module, a ZigBee module, a WiFi module, a Bluetooth module, a 4G module, and a 5G module. Thus, a variety of radio frequency modules 221 are provided to adapt to more practical scenarios, making the types of radio frequency modules 221 more flexible.

[0050] For example, RF module 221 may include a SUB-1G module, an HRF module, an NB-IoT module, a ZigBee module, a WiFi module, a Bluetooth module, a 4G module, and a 5G module; or RF module 221 may include both a SUB-1G module and a 5G module; or RF module 221 may include a 5G module. These are merely examples and do not represent a limitation on the specific form of RF module 221.

[0051] Preferably, the radio frequency module 221 includes a SUB-1G module. This allows communication to utilize lower frequency wireless signals, providing better penetration and transmission distance, and enabling stable data transmission in complex photovoltaic power plant environments.

[0052] In other examples, communication module 22 may include a PLC module. This allows existing power lines to be used as a transmission medium, superimposing data signals onto the power lines for transmission, eliminating the need for additional communication lines, resulting in low cost and easy installation.

[0053] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic junction box 100 includes an auxiliary power supply 25, which connects to the detection circuit 20 and the voltage detection lead 201. Thus, the auxiliary power supply 25 can power the detection circuit 20, enabling it to operate normally. Simultaneously, the auxiliary power supply 25 can utilize the electrical energy generated by the modules, eliminating the need for external connection to mains power, which is more convenient.

[0054] Specifically, auxiliary power supply 25 is connected to processor 23. This provides power to processor 23, enabling it to operate normally. Additionally, auxiliary power supply 25 can be connected to detection elements. Auxiliary power supply 25 can also be connected to communication module 22. This provides power to devices that require electrical energy.

[0055] In some embodiments, the auxiliary power supply 25 is connected to at least one of the processor 23, the detection element, and the communication module 22. This provides power to the devices in the detection circuit 20 that require power.

[0056] For example, auxiliary power supply 25 is connected to processor 23. Alternatively, auxiliary power supply 25 may be connected to processor 23, detection elements, and communication module 22. Yet another example is auxiliary power supply 25 connected to communication module 22. These are merely examples and do not represent a limitation on the specific form of the devices connected to auxiliary power supply 25.

[0057] Specifically, the auxiliary power supply 25 may be connected to at least one of the temperature sensor 212, the radio frequency module 221, and the active antenna 222. For example, the auxiliary power supply 25 may be connected to the temperature sensor 212, the radio frequency module 221, and the active antenna 222. Alternatively, the auxiliary power supply 25 may be connected to the temperature sensor 212. Yet another example is the auxiliary power supply 25 connected to the active antenna 222. These are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation on the specific form of the devices connected to the auxiliary power supply 25.

[0058] In summary, the photovoltaic junction box 100 of this application embodiment can achieve real-time monitoring at the module level, enabling timely detection of power generation losses caused by various reasons, such as partial shading, hot spot effects, and module performance degradation. This allows for targeted repair or optimization measures, effectively reducing hidden power generation losses and improving the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Simultaneously, it enables precise monitoring and management of each module. Staff can predict potential faults in advance based on monitoring data, formulate reasonable operation and maintenance plans, transform passive operation and maintenance into proactive operation and maintenance, reduce operation and maintenance costs and equipment failure rates, and improve system reliability and security. Furthermore, staff can remotely inspect modules with a single click via a remote terminal, eliminating the need for manual on-site inspections of each module, significantly saving time and labor costs, while avoiding potential safety risks associated with on-site inspections, thus improving the efficiency and safety of inspection work.

[0059] The battery module 1000 of this application embodiment includes a battery laminate 200 and a photovoltaic junction box 100 as described above.

[0060] In this embodiment of the battery module 1000, the detection circuit 20, which connects the positive terminal of the diode 10 and the voltage detection lead 201 of the battery laminate 200 in the photovoltaic junction box 100, includes a detection element, a communication module 22, and a processor 23. Therefore, it can monitor the operating parameters of a single battery module 1000 in real time, enabling module-level performance monitoring and fault diagnosis. Furthermore, since the detection element includes a shunt 211, current can be measured more accurately. This allows for refined operation and maintenance, improving the accuracy of monitoring the battery module 1000.

[0061] In this embodiment, multiple solar cells in the battery laminate 200 can be connected in series to form a battery string, thereby realizing the series current collection and output. For example, the battery cells can be connected in series by setting solder strips (busbars, interconnecting strips), conductive backplates, etc.

[0062] It is understood that in such embodiments, the battery laminate 200 may further include a metal frame, a backsheet, photovoltaic glass, and an encapsulating film. The encapsulating film can be filled between the front and back of the solar cell, the photovoltaic glass, adjacent cells, etc. As a filler, it can be a transparent colloid with good light transmittance and aging resistance. For example, the encapsulating film can be an EVA film or a POE film, and the specific choice can be made according to the actual situation, without limitation.

[0063] Photovoltaic glass can be applied to the encapsulating film on the front of solar cells. This photovoltaic glass can be ultra-clear glass, characterized by high light transmittance, high transparency, and superior physical, mechanical, and optical properties. For example, ultra-clear glass can achieve a light transmittance of over 92%, protecting the solar cells while minimizing impact on their efficiency. Simultaneously, the encapsulating film bonds the photovoltaic glass and the solar cells together, providing sealing, insulation, and waterproofing / moisture protection for the solar cells.

[0064] The backsheet can be attached to the encapsulant film on the back of the solar cell. The backsheet protects and supports the solar cell, providing reliable insulation, water resistance, and aging resistance. Multiple backsheet options are available, typically including tempered glass, acrylic glass, and aluminum alloy TPT composite encapsulant film, etc., with specific choices depending on the circumstances. The backsheet, solar cell, encapsulant film, and photovoltaic glass can be mounted on a metal frame. The metal frame serves as the main external support structure for the entire solar module 1000, providing stable support and installation. For example, the solar module 1000 can be installed at the desired location using the metal frame.

[0065] The photovoltaic system of this application embodiment includes the battery module 1000 described above.

[0066] In the photovoltaic system of this application embodiment, since the detection circuit 20 of the photovoltaic junction box 100, which connects the positive terminal of the diode 10 and the voltage detection lead 201 of the battery laminate 200, includes a detection element, a communication module 22, and a processor 23, the operating parameters of a single battery module 1000 can be monitored in real time, realizing module-level performance monitoring and fault diagnosis. Simultaneously, since the detection element includes a shunt 211, current can be measured more accurately. This enables refined operation and maintenance, and improves the accuracy of monitoring the battery module 1000.

[0067] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic system can be applied in photovoltaic power plants, such as ground-mounted power plants, rooftop power plants, and floating power plants. It can also be applied to equipment or devices that utilize solar energy to generate electricity, such as user solar power supplies, solar streetlights, solar cars, and solar buildings. Of course, it is understood that the application scenarios of the photovoltaic system are not limited to these; that is, the photovoltaic system can be applied in all fields that require solar energy to generate electricity. Taking a photovoltaic power generation system network as an example, the photovoltaic system may include a photovoltaic array, a combiner box, and an inverter. The photovoltaic array may be an array combination of multiple battery modules 1000. For example, multiple battery modules 1000 can form multiple photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic array is connected to the combiner box, which can collect the current generated by the photovoltaic array. The collected current flows through the inverter and is converted into AC power required by the mains power grid before being connected to the mains power grid to achieve solar power supply.

[0068] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0069] Furthermore, the above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic junction box for use in battery lamination, characterized in that, The photovoltaic junction box includes: A diode, with its negative terminal connected to the positive terminal busbar of the battery laminate and its positive terminal connected to the negative terminal busbar of the battery laminate; A detection circuit is provided, which connects the positive terminal of the diode to the voltage detection lead of the battery laminate, wherein the voltage detection lead is insulated from the positive terminal of the diode. The detection circuit includes a detection element, a communication module, and a processor. The detection element and the communication module are connected to the processor. The detection element includes a shunt, which is connected to the positive terminal of the diode, the processor, and the component output interface of the battery laminate.

2. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection element includes a temperature sensor, which is connected to the processor.

3. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection element includes a voltage divider resistor connected to the processor and the voltage detection lead.

4. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic junction box includes a differential amplifier, which is connected to the shunt and the processor.

5. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module includes a radio frequency module and an antenna, and the radio frequency module is connected to the processor and the antenna.

6. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The radio frequency module includes at least one of the following: SUB-1G module, HRF module, NB-IoT module, ZigBee module, WiFi module, Bluetooth module, 4G module, and 5G module.

7. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic junction box includes an auxiliary power supply, which is connected to the detection circuit and the voltage detection lead.

8. The photovoltaic junction box according to claim 7, characterized in that, The auxiliary power supply is connected to at least one of the processor, the detection element, and the communication module.

9. A battery assembly, characterized in that, Includes battery laminates and photovoltaic junction boxes as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, Includes the battery assembly as described in claim 9.

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