A positioning tool for a hub reduction axle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a forklift technical field discloses a kind of positioning tool for wheel edge reduction bridge, including base, it is disc-like gyrostat structure, its geometric center is provided with mounting hole;Clamping plate mechanism, it is fixed on the base, for compacting bridge body;Floating support mechanism, it is fixed on the base one side, including fixed base, for frame structure, its inside is provided with the guide slot of vertical direction as axial direction;Support top rod, it is slidably connected in the guide slot and is configured as the axial direction of guide groove reciprocating motion up and down;Elastic member, support top rod is fixedly connected and provides upward thrust for support top rod, for support top rod can provide adaptive support to the overhanging structure of bridge body;Limiting rod, it is fixed on the base and located in the side close to floating support mechanism, for limiting the circumferential movement of bridge body.The utility model can realize bridge body positioning clamping, and can inhibit the processing vibration of weak rigid overhanging position of bridge body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forklift technology, specifically a positioning fixture for wheel-side reduction axles. Background Technology

[0002] The G3 flexible-connection forklift is a high-end, premium forklift launched by Anhui Heli Co., Ltd. for overseas markets. Its core feature is the use of a flexible-connection powertrain, which effectively blocks the transmission of engine vibration to the cab, significantly improving driver and passenger comfort. Wheel-side reduction axles (such as...) Figure 8 As a key transmission component of this vehicle model, the wheel-side reduction axle (as shown) is responsible for progressively reducing engine speed and smoothly transmitting it to the drive wheels. The wheel-side reduction axle has a segmented structure, and the machining accuracy of each individual part directly affects the quality of the final assembly. Specifically, the wheel-side reduction axle includes a section responsible for connecting the axle housing and axle head into a single unit via series connection (such as...). Figure 7 As shown, the bridge has a large cantilever structure. Such structures are prone to becoming vibration sources during turning because they are far from the clamping point and have weak rigidity.

[0003] When machining the bridge body using a general-purpose fixture on a vertical lathe, although the bridge body can be clamped and fixed as a whole by a pressure plate, there is a lack of effective auxiliary support for the overhanging parts of the bridge body. Under the action of cutting force, vibration and tool deflection are prone to occur, resulting in visible vibration marks on the machined surface. This seriously affects the quality and smoothness of the machined surface of the bridge body, and significantly reduces the product qualification rate. At the same time, vibration will also accelerate the wear and chipping of the tool, increase production costs and affect machining efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for positioning fixtures for wheel-side reduction axles. These fixtures should not only ensure reliable clamping of the axle body but also address the vibration resistance issue of the weakly rigid cantilever structure during the finishing process. They should provide adaptive support for the cantilever sections to ensure product machining accuracy and surface quality. Utility Model Content The purpose of this utility model is to provide a positioning fixture for wheel-side reduction axles to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, so as to achieve both reliable clamping of the axle body and suppression of processing vibration of the weak rigid overhanging parts of the axle body.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A positioning fixture for a wheel-side reduction axle, comprising: The base has a disc-shaped rotating structure with a mounting hole at its geometric center. A pressure plate mechanism, fixed on the base, is used to press the bridge body; A floating support mechanism, fixed to one side of the base, includes: The fixed base has a frame structure and a guide groove with the axial direction being vertical. A support rod is inserted and slidably connected within the guide groove and configured to reciprocate up and down along the axial direction of the guide groove; An elastic element is fixedly connected to the support rod and provides an upward thrust to the support rod, so that the support rod can provide adaptive support to the cantilever structure of the bridge. A limiting rod, fixed to the base and located on the side near the floating support mechanism, is used to restrict the circumferential movement of the bridge body.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this invention: to convert the adaptive support of the floating support mechanism for the bridge cantilever structure into a rigid support, the floating support mechanism further includes a locking screw, which is threadedly connected to the side wall of the fixed seat. Rotating the locking screw can press its end against and lock the support rod.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: to improve the locking stability of the locking screw on the support rod, the support rod further includes an annular groove formed on its outer wall for the end of the locking screw to be engaged.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: to ensure that the elastic element can be installed and applied force stably and reliably, and that the elastic thrust always acts axially, the support rod is divided into an upper section and a lower section, and the radius of the upper section is larger than that of the lower section. The upper section of the support rod passes through the guide groove. The elastic element is set as a spring sleeved on the lower section of the support rod, and its two ends are respectively fixed to the stepped surface and the fixed seat formed by the upper and lower sections of the support rod.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: In order to utilize the lever principle to generate a huge clamping force at the clamping end of the pressure plate in a labor-saving and efficient manner, the pressure plate mechanism includes a pressure plate. The end of the pressure plate away from the mounting hole is supported by a support rod, and the end close to the mounting hole is the clamping end, which clamps the bridge body through the pressing and resetting assembly. The pressure plate has an oblong hole through which the pressing and resetting assembly passes.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: to improve clamping efficiency and simplify the pressing and resetting of the pressure plate, the pressing and resetting assembly includes: Double-ended bolts are fixed to the base. A shoulder nut is threaded onto the top of the double-ended bolt; A spring is fitted onto the double-ended bolt. The pressure plate is sleeved on the double-ended bolt and located between the spring and the shouldered nut.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: in order to enhance the rigidity of the pressing end of the pressure plate and facilitate the pressing of the pressure plate to the bridge body, the pressing end of the pressure plate is bent downward to form a pressing protrusion.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: to ensure that the rotation center of the bridge body coincides with the rotation center of the base, a positioning ring is also included, which is fixed in the mounting hole. The positioning ring includes a φ130 positioning hole and its adjacent end face, and is used to cooperate with the bridge body for positioning.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, in order to facilitate hoisting and handling of the tooling, a lifting ring fixed on the base is also included.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: to optimize dynamic balance performance, a counterweight is also included. The counterweight is fixed on the base and located on the side opposite to the floating support mechanism, and is used to adjust the center of mass of the positioning fixture to coincide with the center of rotation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model features a novel structure. By incorporating a positioning ring that mates with the φ130mm outer circle and shoulder surface of the bridge body, it ensures that the rotation center of the bridge body precisely coincides with the rotation center of the tooling base, achieving accurate positioning and guaranteeing machining precision. The floating support mechanism can adaptively support the overhanging parts of the bridge body and can be converted into a rigid support by locking screws, enhancing the local rigidity of the bridge body during machining, suppressing vibration and "tool deflection" during processing, thereby improving the surface finish and smoothness of the bridge body. The limiting rod prevents circumferential movement of the bridge body during machining. A counterweight block positioned on the base on one side relative to the floating support mechanism ensures that the center of mass of the entire tooling coincides with its rotation center, preventing additional vibration during high-speed rotation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the present invention and the bridge body; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating support mechanism of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the floating support mechanism of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the bridge body of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a top view of the bridge structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wheel-side reduction axle of this utility model; In the diagram: 1-base, 11-positioning ring, 111-φ130 positioning hole, 112-end face, 2-pressure plate mechanism, 21-pressure plate, 211-waist-shaped hole, 22-support rod, 23-downward reset assembly, 231-double-headed bolt, 232-shoulder nut, 233-spring, 3-floating support mechanism, 31-fixed seat, 311-guide groove, 32-support top rod, 321-annular groove, 33-elastic element, 34-locking screw, 4-limiting rod, 5-lifting ring, 6-counterweight, 7-bridge body, 71-φ130 outer circle, 72-φ130 outer circle shoulder surface, 73-φ210 outer circle shoulder surface, 74-auxiliary support surface, 75-circumferential limiting edge. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations.

[0019] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-8 In this embodiment of the present invention, a positioning fixture for a wheel-side reduction axle is used to position and clamp a section 7 of the axle body, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, one end of the bridge body 7 has a structure such as a φ130 outer circle 71, a φ130 outer circle shoulder surface 72, and a φ210 outer circle shoulder surface 73, while the other end is provided with a cantilever structure. The bottom of the cantilever structure is an auxiliary support surface 74, and the edge is a circumferential limiting edge 75.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the positioning fixture includes a base 1 with a disc-shaped rotating structure. A mounting hole is provided at the geometric center of the base 1, and the center of the mounting hole coincides with the rotation center of the bridge body 7. A positioning ring 11 is fastened to the mounting hole by M12 bolts. The positioning ring 11 has a φ130 positioning hole 111 and its adjacent end face 112, which are used to mate with the φ130 outer circle 71 and φ130 outer circle shoulder face 72 of the bridge body 7 for positioning, ensuring that the rotation center of the bridge body 7 coincides with the rotation center of the base 1, thus achieving consistency in the cutting depth.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a pressure plate mechanism 2 for pressing the bridge body 7 is fixed on the base 1. In this embodiment, the pressure plate mechanism 2 is specifically configured as three evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The pressure plate mechanism 2 includes a pressure plate 21, a support rod 22, and a pressing and resetting assembly 23. The support rod 22 and the pressing and resetting assembly 23 are both fixedly connected to the base 1, and the pressing and resetting assembly 23 is located between the center of the support rod 22 and the center of the positioning ring 11, and is distributed in a straight line, so that the pressure plate 21 installed on the support rod 22 and the pressing and resetting assembly 23 can face the center of the base 1.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the support rod 22 forms a fixed fulcrum, abutting against and supporting the end of the pressure plate 21 away from the mounting hole. The end of the pressure plate 21 near the mounting hole is the pressing end and is pressed against the bridge body 7 by the pressing reset assembly 23. The pressure plate 21 has an oblong hole 211. The pressing reset assembly 23 passes through the oblong hole 211 and presses the pressing end of the pressure plate 21 against the φ210 outer shoulder surface 73 of the bridge body 7. The pressing and resetting assembly 23 includes a double-ended bolt 231 threaded onto the base 1. A shoulder nut 232 is threaded onto the top of the double-ended bolt 231. A pressure plate 21 is fitted onto the double-ended bolt 231 and located below the shoulder nut 232. It is used to press down the pressure plate 21 by rotating and adjusting the shoulder nut 232. A spring 233 is fitted onto the double-ended bolt 231 and located below the pressure plate 21. It is used to provide a resetting force to lift the pressing end of the pressure plate 21 when the shoulder nut 232 is loosened. The pressing end of the pressure plate 21 is bent downward to form a pressing protrusion, which strengthens the rigidity of the pressing end and makes it easier for the pressure plate 21 to press the bridge body 7.

[0024] like Figure 4As shown, a floating support mechanism 3 is fixedly mounted on the side of the base 1 near the cantilever structure of the bridge body 7. The floating support mechanism 3 includes a fixed seat 31, a support rod 32, and an elastic element 33. In this embodiment, the elastic element 33 is specifically set as a spring. The fixed seat 31 has a frame structure and is fastened to the base 1 by bolts. The two vertical edges of the fixed seat 31 near the edge of the base 1 are chamfered to prevent the vertical edges of the fixed seat 31 from exceeding the range of the base 1 and thus interfering with other parts. The fixed base 31 has a guide groove 311 with a vertical axial direction inside, which passes through the upper part of the frame-shaped fixed base 31. The support rod 32 is divided into an upper section and a lower section, with the diameter of the upper section being larger than that of the lower section, thus forming a stepped surface. The upper section of the support rod 32 slides in the guide groove 311 to perform up-and-down reciprocating motion. An elastic element 33 is sleeved on the lower section of the support rod 32. The upper end of the elastic element 33 is welded to the stepped surface, and the lower end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame inside the fixed base 31, thereby continuously providing an upward thrust to the support rod 32. This allows the support rod 32 to provide adaptive support to the cantilever structure of the bridge body 7 when the auxiliary support surface 74 of the cantilever structure of the bridge body 7 is pressed against the top of the support rod 32. In this embodiment, the support rod 32 is specifically configured as two located on both sides of the fixed base 31 to provide more balanced support for the cantilever structure of the bridge body 7.

[0025] like Figure 5 As shown, the floating support mechanism 3 also includes a locking screw 34, which is threaded to the side wall of the fixed seat 31 and can be adjusted by rotation to vertically press against the support rod 32. The upper outer wall of the support rod 32 has an annular groove 321. The annular groove 321 makes the support rod 32 part in the groove tapered in cross section, which is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, so that the end of the locking screw 34 can be inserted to better lock the support rod 32, which is used to convert the floating support of the floating support mechanism 3 to the bridge body 7 into a rigid support.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the limiting rod 4 is fastened to the base 1 by bolts and is located on the side close to the floating support mechanism 3. The installation height of the limiting rod 4 allows its outer peripheral wall to abut against the circumferential limiting edge 75 on the bridge body 7, thereby limiting the circumferential movement of the bridge body 7 that may occur during processing and preventing the bridge body 7 from rotating.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, a lifting ring 5 is also fixed on the base 1. The lifting ring 5 is a standard part and is screwed into the threaded hole on the edge of the base 1 to facilitate the lifting and handling of the positioning fixture. In this embodiment, three lifting rings 5 ​​are specifically set, and the three lifting rings 5 ​​are respectively set on the side of the base 1 away from the pressing end of the pressure plate 21, so that the lifting and positioning fixture is more stable and safe. A counterweight 6 is fastened to the base 1 by M16 bolts. The counterweight 6 is located on the side opposite to the floating support mechanism 3 and is used to adjust the center of mass of the positioning fixture to coincide with the center of rotation, thereby optimizing the dynamic balance of the positioning fixture.

[0028] This utility model features a novel structure and stable operation. In use, the positioning fixture is first hoisted onto the worktable of a vertical lathe. Then, the bridge body 7 is installed onto the positioning fixture. During installation, the φ130 outer diameter 71 of the bridge body 7 is inserted into the φ130 positioning hole 111, while simultaneously ensuring that the φ130 outer diameter shoulder surface 72 of the bridge body 7 aligns with the end face 112 of the positioning ring 11. This achieves precise radial and axial positioning of the bridge body 7 on the positioning fixture. The position of the bridge body 7 is roughly adjusted so that the limiting rod 4 abuts against the circumferential limiting edge 75 of the bridge body 7. At this point, the support rod 32 of the floating support mechanism 3 abuts against the auxiliary support surface 74 of the cantilevered portion of the bridge body 7, providing adaptive support for the weakly rigid cantilevered portion. If switching to rigid support is required, the locking screw 34 is tightened to lock the support rod 32. Then, rotate the shoulder nut 232 clockwise, causing its lower surface to press against the pressure plate 21. The pressure plate 21, with the top of the support rod 22 as a fulcrum, presses down and clamps the φ210 outer shoulder surface 73 of the bridge body 7. Operate each pressure plate mechanism 2 in sequence to complete the clamping and fixing of the bridge body 7. Start the lathe to perform high-precision, vibration-free cutting of the rotary features of the bridge body 7. After machining, rotate the shoulder nut 232 counterclockwise. The compressed spring 233 releases its elasticity, lifting the pressure plate 21 upwards, causing the clamping end to lift and detach from the bridge body 7, thus removing the bridge body 7.

[0029] Although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0030] Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application; that is, all equivalent modifications made in accordance with the scope of the claims of this application shall be within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

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