An in-situ collection device for settling particles in high-level pool culture

Abstract

The utility model relates to aquatic environment monitoring equipment technical field discloses a kind of high-level pond cultivation sedimentation particulate matter in-situ collection device, comprising: collector main body, the hollow tubular transparent container of top opening, its lateral wall is equipped with volumetric graduation, for accommodating and observing the particulate matter of collection;Collection net, detachably cover in collector main body top opening place;Positioning float ball, by flexible cable and collector main body are connected;Stable base, be located in collector main body bottom and collector main body form integrated structure, it is formed expansion support surface along the radial direction of collector main body and extends outward;Counterweight, detachably fixed below stable base. The device structure is simple, low in cost, easy to use and carry, can carry out in-situ, passive, long time particulate matter collection in specific area in high-level pond cultivation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of aquaculture environmental monitoring equipment, and in particular to a portable device for in-situ, passive collection of settling suspended particulate matter in high-level aquaculture ponds. Background Technology

[0002] High-density pond aquaculture, also known as pumped-water intensive aquaculture, is characterized by high density, high feeding, and high output. However, this model also brings serious challenges, the most prominent of which is the generation and accumulation of suspended particulate matter.

[0003] Taking shrimp farming as an example, elevated pond shrimp farming is currently one of the mainstream intensive shrimp farming models. The main sources of suspended particulate matter in elevated pond shrimp farming include: 1) uneaten feed residue; 2) shrimp feces and excrement; 3) dead algae, bacteria, protozoa, and other microorganisms; and 4) molted shells of shrimp. These organic particles have a wide range of sizes, from a few micrometers to hundreds of micrometers. According to relevant research data, the concentration of suspended particulate matter in elevated pond farming can reach 100-500 mg / L, of which more than 60% is organic particulate matter.

[0004] The accumulation of suspended particulate matter can lead to a series of serious problems:

[0005] 1) Deterioration of water quality: The decomposition of suspended organic matter consumes a large amount of dissolved oxygen and releases toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and hydrogen sulfide;

[0006] 2) Harm to shrimp health: High concentrations of suspended particles physically clog the gills of shrimp, affecting their respiratory function. When the concentration exceeds 200 mg / L, the survival rate of shrimp decreases by 15-30%.

[0007] 3) Increased production costs: Frequent water changes, oxygenation, and use of bottom conditioners significantly increase production costs.

[0008] Currently, the main methods for monitoring suspended particulate matter in high-level shrimp ponds include:

[0009] 1) Direct water sampling method

[0010] The method involves using a water sampler to collect suspended particulate matter from a specific water layer, and then collecting it through methods such as sedimentation or filtration. The disadvantages of this method are: it only provides the concentration of suspended matter at the moment of sampling, failing to reflect the total sedimentation over a period of time and thus lacking temporal representativeness; furthermore, it requires collecting a large number of water samples to obtain sufficient particulate matter samples, typically less than 10g of suspended particulate matter can be collected from a 100L water sample, making it inefficient.

[0011] 2) Artificial siphon or net-digging method

[0012] The method involves directly suctioning or scooping sediment from the bottom of the pond. The disadvantages of this method are: high labor intensity and low efficiency; the operation causes severe disturbance to the pond bottom and water, resuspending sediment and affecting sample accuracy, and causing severe stress to the shrimp. Siphoning equipment typically requires electricity, posing a risk of electric shock in humid aquaculture environments, threatening operator safety, and the power supply limits the flexibility of sampling locations.

[0013] 3) Use standard sediment traps

[0014] Standard sediment traps are used in environmental science research in lakes and oceans, but these devices are usually designed for large bodies of water and low flow rates in natural environments. They are expensive and not optimized for the special environments of aquaculture ponds with high density, high flow rates, and the need to eliminate disturbance from farmed animals.

[0015] Currently, in the field of shrimp high-level pond aquaculture, especially in scientific research, there is a serious lack of a standardized device that is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to use, portable, and capable of in-situ, passive, and long-term particulate matter collection in a specific area. Utility Model Content

[0016] This utility model aims to provide a high-level pool sedimentation particulate matter collection device that is simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to operate, solving the technical problem in the prior art of being unable to conveniently and accurately obtain time-representative sedimentation particulate matter samples. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0017] An in-situ collection device for sedimented particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture includes:

[0018] The main body of the collector is a hollow cylindrical transparent container with an open top, and its side wall is provided with volume scale lines for containing and observing the collected particles.

[0019] A collection net, detachably covering the opening at the top of the collector body;

[0020] The positioning float is connected to the collector body via a flexible cable;

[0021] A stable base is located at the bottom of the collector body and forms an integral structure with the collector body. It extends outward along the radial direction of the collector body to form an extended support surface.

[0022] The counterweight is detachably fixed to the bottom of the stabilizing base.

[0023] Furthermore, several first through holes are opened on the extended support surface of the stable base, and the counterweight is bound and fixed to the bottom of the stable base through the first through holes.

[0024] Preferably, the main body of the collector is made of transparent plexiglass.

[0025] Preferably, the diameter of the collector body is 20-30cm, the height is 35-50cm, and the wall thickness is 3-5mm.

[0026] Preferably, the collecting net is a plastic mesh with a mesh size of 5-10mm.

[0027] Preferably, the collector body has several second through holes evenly distributed on the side wall near the top position, and the collecting net is bound and fixed to the top of the collector body through the second through holes.

[0028] Preferably, the length of the cable can be adjusted according to the actual water depth, and its length is 1.2-2.0 times the water depth.

[0029] Preferably, the counterweight is a brick, stone, or cement block, with a total counterweight of 3-8 kg.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0031] (1) This utility model has a simple structure and low cost: the whole is made of common materials such as transparent cylindrical container, mesh, float, and rope, without the need for complex mechanical or electronic components, and the manufacturing cost of a single device does not exceed 200 yuan.

[0032] (2) Portable and easy to use, simple to operate: The device is small in size and light in weight (the total weight without counterweight does not exceed 2kg), and can be easily operated by a single person without special technical training.

[0033] (3) Strong sampling representativeness: It can passively and continuously collect sedimentation particulate matter within 24-48 hours, and the sample can truly reflect the average sedimentation flux of a specific area within that time period.

[0034] (4) Minimal environmental disturbance: Passive collection avoids disturbance to the bottom of the pond caused by manual operation, minimizing stress on shrimp.

[0035] (5) Precise positioning and good stability: It can be accurately placed at the location that needs to be monitored, and the stable base design can effectively resist the normal water flow of the aquaculture water body.

[0036] (6) High sampling efficiency: It can collect suspended particulate matter equivalent to 1000-1500L of water sample in 24 hours, which is more than 10 times more efficient. This high efficiency is mainly due to two aspects: First, the passive long-term continuous collection avoids the cumbersome process of processing a large number of water samples required by traditional methods; Second, it can be accurately placed in the central collection area of ​​the high-level pool. Due to the effect of the circular water flow, the suspended particulate matter in this area is driven to the center by the water flow, and the concentration of particulate matter is relatively high, thus significantly improving the collection efficiency.

[0037] (7) Safe and reliable, no power required: The device adopts a completely passive design and requires no power drive, avoiding the risk of electric leakage of traditional electric siphon equipment in humid environments and ensuring the safety of operators. At the same time, it is not limited by the location of the power source and can be flexibly deployed in any location in the pond.

[0038] (8) It has significant economic benefits:

[0039] The cost of a single unit is only 200 yuan, which is more than 95% lower than that of imported sediment traps (>5000 yuan).

[0040] b is reusable, with a service life of 3-5 years, and the average cost per sampling is less than 1 yuan;

[0041] c. Improves sampling efficiency by more than 10 times and saves labor costs;

[0042] By optimizing aquaculture management through precise monitoring, the feed conversion ratio can be reduced by 0.1-0.2, saving 500-1000 yuan in feed costs per acre. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall mechanism provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a top view of the device provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0045] Component names: 1. Positioning float; 2. Cable; 3. Collection net; 4. Second plastic cable tie; 5. Second through hole; 6. Collector body; 7. Stabilizing base; 8. First through hole; 9. Counterweight; 10. First plastic cable tie; 11. Collection net mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0046] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0048] Example 1: Shrimp culture in standard elevated ponds with a water depth of 1.5-2.5m

[0049] An in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in high-level pond aquaculture includes: a collector body 6, a collection net 3, a positioning float 1, a stabilizing base 7, and a counterweight 9.

[0050] The collector body 6 is a hollow cylindrical transparent acrylic container with an open top, 25cm in diameter, 40cm in height, and 4mm in wall thickness. The outer wall of the cylinder is printed with volume graduation lines, with the smallest graduation being 100ml. The collector body 6 is used to contain and observe the collected particulate matter.

[0051] The collection net 3 is made of PE plastic mesh with a mesh size of 5mm×5mm, covering the top opening of the collector body 6. The collector body 6 has 8 second through holes 5 evenly opened on the side wall near the top position. The collection net 3 is tied and fixed to the top of the collector body 6 by passing through the mesh holes 11 and the second through holes 5 of the collection net.

[0052] The positioning float 1 is connected to the collector body 6 via a flexible cable 2. The cable 2 is a nylon rope with a diameter of 5mm and a length of 3.5m. One end is tied to the upper part of the collector body 6, and the other end is connected to a foam plastic positioning float 1 with a volume of about 1 liter.

[0053] The stable base 7 is located at the bottom of the collector body 6 and forms an integral structure with the collector body 6. It extends outward by 8cm along the radial direction of the collector body to form an extended support surface, and several first through holes 8 are opened on the extended support surface.

[0054] The counterweight 9 consists of two standard clay bricks with a total weight of approximately 5 kg. The counterweight 9 is secured to the bottom of the stable base 7 by passing the first plastic cable tie 10 through the first through hole 8.

[0055] The assembly and usage process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0056] 1) Preparation and Deployment: Secure the counterweight 9 to the bottom of the stable base 7 using the first plastic cable tie 10 at the edge of the elevated shrimp pond, and check the connections of each component. Vertically submerge the device in the water using the cable 2, preferably placing it in the central sludge collection area of ​​the elevated pond to improve collection efficiency by utilizing the water flow convergence characteristics of this area.

[0057] 2) Passive collection: The device is placed in place for 24-48 hours. During this period, suspended particles are driven to the center by the circular water flow and naturally settle down. After passing through the collection net 3, they fall into the collector body 6 and accumulate.

[0058] 3) Sample recovery: Grab the positioning float 1 and slowly lift the device vertically to the water surface to avoid sample mixing due to tilting.

[0059] 4) Sample preparation: Cut the second tie 4 to remove the collection net 3, pour off the supernatant, and collect the concentrated particulate matter at the bottom into a sample vial. Record the collection volume or weight for subsequent analysis.

[0060] Example 2: Deep-water type, suitable for deep-water elevated pools with a water depth > 2.5m.

[0061] The main body of the collector 6 has a diameter of 30cm and a height of 50cm.

[0062] The length of cable 2 has been increased to 5m.

[0063] The weight of counterweight 9 has been increased to 8kg.

[0064] Example 3: Research-oriented, suitable for scientific sampling requiring precise quantification.

[0065] The accuracy of the scale lines on the outer wall of the collector body 6 has been improved to 50ml, and the material used is high-transparency organic glass.

[0066] Collection net 3 is equipped with multiple mesh sizes (3mm, 5mm, 8mm).

[0067] This utility model device has broad application prospects:

[0068] (1) Applicable to monitoring suspended solids in all high-level pond aquaculture products;

[0069] (2) It can be used for environmental assessment and water quality early warning in aquaculture water bodies;

[0070] (3) It can be used as a standardized scientific research tool to promote the standardization of related research;

[0071] (4) It can provide technical support for the formulation of industry standards and environmental protection policies.

[0072] The present invention has been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any modifications or variations made based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for in-situ collection of sedimented particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture, characterized in that, include: The collector body (6) is a hollow cylindrical transparent container with an open top, and its side wall is provided with volume scale lines for containing and observing the collected particles; A collection net (3) is detachably attached to the top opening of the collector body (6); The positioning float (1) is connected to the collector body (6) via a flexible cable (2); A stable base (7) is located at the bottom of the collector body (6) and forms an integral structure with the collector body (6). It extends outward along the radial direction of the collector body (6) to form an extended support surface. The counterweight (9) is detachably fixed below the stabilizing base (7).

2. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stable base (7) has several first through holes (8) on its extended support surface, and the counterweight (9) is bound and fixed to the bottom of the stable base (7) through the first through holes (8).

3. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the collector (6) is made of transparent organic glass.

4. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector body (6) has a diameter of 20-30cm, a height of 35-50cm, and a wall thickness of 3-5mm.

5. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting net (3) is a plastic mesh with a mesh size of 5-10mm.

6. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector body (6) has several second through holes (5) evenly opened on the side wall near the top position, and the collection net (3) is tied and fixed to the top of the collector body (6) through the second through holes (5).

7. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the cable (2) can be adjusted according to the actual water depth, and its length is 1.2-2.0 times the water depth.

8. The in-situ collection device for sedimentation particulate matter in elevated pond aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight (9) is a brick, stone or cement block, with a total counterweight of 3-8 kg.

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