A replaceable water quality sample centrifugal device with independent tube seat

Abstract

The utility model discloses an independent tube seat replaceable water quality sample centrifugal device, aiming at solving the problem of poor adaptability of traditional centrifugal device to test tube specification and insufficient centrifugal stability. The device comprises a rotatable turntable, a driving assembly, a square base with a vertical central shaft, and a replaceable floating support seat on the turntable uniformly distributed to receive the bottom of the test tube; the vertical central shaft is axially spaced apart from the floating tube clamp assembly, and the floating tube clamp assembly cooperates with the floating support seat to fix the test tube. Through multidimensional buffering (buffering spring, compression spring, universal ball) and self-adaptive adjustment (universal joint, height / angle adjustment), stable clamping and centrifugation of different specifications of test tubes are realized, and the detection efficiency and sample safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water quality testing technology, and in particular to a water quality sample centrifuge device with an independent replaceable tube seat. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as water resource monitoring, environmental testing, and water quality analysis, the pretreatment of water samples (such as suspended solids separation and particulate matter sedimentation) often relies on centrifugation technology. As a core piece of equipment, centrifuge devices need to be compatible with water sample tubes of different specifications (such as conical centrifuge tubes with a diameter of φ15-30mm and straight sampling tubes with a diameter of φ10-25mm) to meet the needs of multi-sample and multi-index testing.

[0003] However, existing centrifuge devices for water quality testing mostly employ fixed test tube racks or single-specification tube holders, which present the following prominent problems: First, when changing test tubes of different diameters, lengths, or tapers, the entire device must be disassembled and a suitable tube holder replaced, which is cumbersome and time-consuming, severely impacting the efficiency of batch sample testing. Second, traditional tube holders are mostly rigid structures; during high-speed centrifugation, test tubes are prone to displacement, shaking, or even collision with the tube holder due to vibration or uneven force, leading to sample leakage or cross-contamination and reducing the accuracy of test results. Third, the clamping structure of existing devices lacks adaptive adjustment capabilities, making it difficult to accommodate differences in test tube shapes, further limiting the device's versatility. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dedicated centrifuge device for water quality samples that is highly adaptable, stable, and easy to operate. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a water quality sample centrifuge device with an independent tube seat that can be replaced.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: This utility model discloses a water quality sample centrifuge device with replaceable independent tube holders, including a worktable and a turntable rotatably mounted above the worktable. The turntable is rotatably connected to the worktable via a drive shaft, and the bottom of the drive shaft is fixed inside the worktable via a bearing seat. A drive assembly is connected to the bottom of the turntable, and a square base is fixed to the top. A vertical central shaft runs through the center of the square base, and the bottom of the vertical central shaft is fixedly connected to the turntable. Three replaceable floating support seats are evenly distributed around the circumference of the turntable. The top of each floating support seat is connected to the bottom of the test tube, and the three floating support seats are evenly distributed around the vertical central shaft. Several floating tube clamp assemblies are spaced apart along the axial direction on the vertical central shaft. Every two adjacent floating tube clamp assemblies clamp the middle and upper parts of the test tube, respectively, to fix the test tube together.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the drive assembly includes a vertically arranged drive shaft, a bearing housing, and a drive motor; the top of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom of the turntable, and the bottom is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor via a belt; the drive shaft is interference-fitted with the bearing in the bearing housing; the drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the worktable by a motor bracket; the drive motor is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the square base includes a rectangular frame, a guide shaft, a buffer spring, and a base plate; the rectangular frame is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable by screws, and a through hole adapted to the vertical central axis is opened in the central area of ​​the rectangular frame; guide shafts are fixedly connected to the four corners of the rectangular frame, and the guide shafts are stepped shaft structures with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter; a buffer spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide shaft, and the buffer spring is a cylindrical helical spring, with its top abutting against the bottom of the base plate and its bottom abutting against the top of the rectangular frame.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the floating support includes a circular base, a universal ball joint, oblique hinge rods, a test tube support plate, and compression springs. The circular base is fixed to the top of the turntable by bolts, and a ball cup is embedded in its center, which is adapted to the ball head at the bottom of the universal ball joint. The top of the universal ball joint is fixedly connected to the bottom of the test tube support plate. There are three oblique hinge rods, evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular base. One end of each rod is hinged to a first hinge seat on the edge of the circular base via a pin, and the other end is hinged to a second hinge seat at the bottom of the test tube support plate via a pin. There are three compression springs, evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular base. One end of each spring abuts against the top of the circular base, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the test tube support plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the floating tube clamp assembly includes a height adjustment seat, a horizontal support rod, a universal joint, a test tube clamp, and an adjustment handle. The height adjustment seat is a sleeve structure with a guide groove on its inner side. The outer circumference of the vertical central shaft is movably connected to the guide groove. The height adjustment seat is slidably connected to the vertical central shaft and its position can be adjusted axially. One end of the horizontal support rod is inserted into a horizontal through hole at the end of the height adjustment seat and locked in place by a set screw. The other end of the horizontal support rod is fixedly connected to a universal joint, which is a cross-shaped shaft type, with its two ends connected to the horizontal support rod and the test tube clamp, respectively. The test tube clamp includes two semi-circular clamping arms. One end of each clamping arm is hinged, and the other end is connected by a butterfly bolt. The inner side of each clamping arm is provided with an anti-slip silicone pad. The adjustment handle is a handwheel structure, fixed to the insertion end of the horizontal support rod, and used to rotate and adjust the extension length of the horizontal support rod.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The replaceable floating support on the turntable can be quickly changed to match the shape of the bottom of the test tube. Together with the height-adjustable and angle-adaptive floating tube clamp assembly on the vertical central axis, it can be compatible with a variety of test tubes in the range of φ10-30mm and length 50-150mm. There is no need to replace the entire part, which greatly shortens the changeover time and improves the efficiency of batch testing. 2. The buffer spring of the square base, the compression spring of the floating support seat and the universal ball constitute a multi-stage shock absorption system, which can absorb 30%-50% of the lateral vibration during centrifugation; the anti-slip silicone pad on the inside of the test tube clamp and the adjustable butterfly bolt locking structure further prevent the test tube from slipping or breaking due to high-speed rotation. 3. The height adjustment seat of the floating tube clamp assembly slides with the vertical central shaft through the guide groove, and quickly locks the position of the horizontal support rod with the adjustment handle. A single person can complete the entire clamping of the test tube, reducing the operation time by 60% compared with traditional devices. The drive assembly uses a servo motor to precisely control the speed, meeting the precise requirements of centrifugal force in water quality testing and further improving the repeatability of test results. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of the floating support base in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Workbench; 2. Drive assembly; 3. Square base; 4. Floating support seat; 5. Floating tube clamp assembly; 11. Turntable; 12. Vertical central axis; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Bearing seat; 23. Drive motor; 31. Rectangular frame; 32. Guide shaft; 33. Buffer spring; 34. Base plate; 41. Circular base; 42. Universal ball; 43. Angled hinge rod; 44. Compression spring; 45. Test tube support plate; 51. Height adjustment seat; 52. Horizontal support rod; 53. Universal joint; 54. Test tube clamp; 55. Adjustment handle; 231. Motor bracket; 412. Ball cup; 413. First hinge seat; 431. Pin; 451. Second hinge seat; 511. Guide groove; 541. Clamping arm; 542. Hinge; 543. Butterfly bolt; 544. Anti-slip silicone pad. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0013] In the attached diagram, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0014] Example 1: Basic structure and compatibility with conventional test tubes like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment is applicable to centrifugation separation of conventional straight water quality sample tubes (such as φ15-20mm, length 80-120mm).

[0015] Please see Figure 2 When the device is installed as a whole, the workbench 1 is a horizontally set metal table, and the drive shaft 21 is fixed on top of it by a bearing seat 22. The bottom of the drive shaft 21 is connected to the output shaft belt of the drive motor 23, and the top is rigidly fixed to the bottom center of the turntable 11, so that the turntable 11 can rotate around the drive shaft 21 at a uniform speed. The top of the turntable 11 is fixed to the square base 3 by screws, and the through hole in the center of the rectangular frame 31 is clearance-fitted with the vertical central shaft 12 to ensure that the vertical central shaft 12 rotates synchronously with the turntable 11.

[0016] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 Three floating support seats 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the turntable 11. The circular base 41 of each floating support seat 4 is fixed to the top of the turntable 11 by bolts. The ball head of the universal ball 42 is embedded in the ball cup 412, allowing the test tube support plate 45 to swing slightly in the horizontal direction. One end of the three oblique hinge rods 43 is hinged to the first hinge seat 413 on the edge of the circular base 41 by a pin 431, and the other end is hinged to the second hinge seat 451 at the bottom of the test tube support plate 45. With the elastic force of the compression spring 44, the test tube support plate 45 is kept horizontal to support the bottom of the test tube.

[0017] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5Two floating tube clamp assemblies 5 are installed axially at intervals on the vertical central shaft 12, corresponding to the middle and upper parts of the test tubes respectively. The height adjustment seat 51 of each floating tube clamp assembly 5 is a sleeve structure, and its inner guide groove 511 slides with the outer circumference of the vertical central shaft 12, allowing it to move axially to the target position. One end of the horizontal support rod 52 is inserted into the horizontal through hole at the end of the height adjustment seat 51 and locked in position by a set screw. The other end is connected to a cross-shaped universal joint 53, and the other end of the universal joint 53 is fixedly connected to the test tube clamp 54. The test tube clamp 54 consists of two semi-circular clamping arms 541 hinged by a hinge 542, locked on the outside by a butterfly bolt 543, and an anti-slip silicone pad 544 adhered to the inside for clamping the outer wall of the test tube. The adjustment handle 55 is fixed to the inserted end of the horizontal support rod 52. Rotating the handle can drive the horizontal support rod 52 to extend or retract, adjusting the height of the test tube clamp 54.

[0018] In use, place the bottom of the test tube on the test tube support plate 45, gently press the test tube to make the universal ball 42 move slightly within the ball cup 412, and use the compression spring 44 to buffer, so that the test tube is naturally vertical; then rotate the adjusting handle 55 to adjust the length of the horizontal support rod 52, so that the test tube clamp 54 is aligned with the middle of the test tube, and tighten the set screw to fix it; then lock the clamping arm 541 with the butterfly bolt 543 to complete the clamping. Start the drive motor 23, and the turntable 11 drives the vertical central shaft 12 and the test tube to rotate at a uniform speed to complete the centrifugal separation.

[0019] Example 2: Conical test tube adaptation and multi-size switching This embodiment is designed for the conical centrifuge tubes commonly used in water quality testing (such as φ18-25mm, taper 1:20, length 100-150mm), and focuses on demonstrating the replaceability of the floating support 4 and the angle adjustment function of the floating tube clamp assembly 5.

[0020] When it is necessary to adapt to conical test tubes, first replace the floating support seat 4 on the turntable 11: loosen the fixing bolts of the circular base 41, remove the original floating support seat 4 that adapts to straight test tubes, and replace it with a new floating support seat 4 with a larger bottom ball bowl 412 (its ball bowl 412 can accommodate the hemispherical protrusion at the bottom of the conical test tube), and re-fix it to the top of the turntable 11 with bolts.

[0021] During clamping, the hemispherical protrusion at the bottom of the conical test tube is embedded into the ball cup 412 of the new floating support 4. The universal ball 42 swings adaptively within the ball cup 412, and in conjunction with the elastic force of the compression spring 44, the test tube support plate 45 tilts and fits against the curved surface at the bottom of the conical test tube, ensuring stable support.

[0022] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5For the floating tube clamp assembly 5 on the vertical central axis 12, since the diameter of the conical test tube gradually decreases in the middle, the extension length of the horizontal support rod 52 (rotating the adjustment handle 55) and the angle of the universal joint 53 (manually bending the test tube clamp 54) can be adjusted so that the two test tube clamps 54 fit the different diameter positions of the middle and lower parts of the conical test tube respectively; then tighten the set screw of the horizontal support rod 52 and the butterfly bolt 543 of the test tube clamp 54 to complete the clamping. During high-speed centrifugation, the buffer spring 33 of the square base 3 absorbs the lateral vibration transmitted by the turntable 11, and the compression spring 44 of the floating support 4 counteracts the radial runout of the bottom of the test tube, ensuring the stable rotation of the conical test tube and avoiding the risk of tipping due to the shift of the center of gravity.

[0023] Example 3: Precision centrifugation in small-capacity micro-volume test tubes This embodiment is applicable to ultra-high-speed centrifugation of trace water samples (such as micro centrifuge tubes with a diameter of 10-12 mm and a length of 50-80 mm, and a rotation speed of ≥10000 r / min), and focuses on verifying the buffering and shock absorption and precision clamping performance of the device.

[0024] Before clamping, replace all three floating support seats 4 on the turntable 11 with bottom support modules adapted to micro-volume test tubes (the thickness of its circular base 41 is reduced, the stiffness of the compression spring 44 is reduced, and the elastic coefficient of the compression spring 44 is adjusted to 1.5 times that of the original model to match the lightweight requirements of small-capacity test tubes).

[0025] During clamping, gently place the bottom of the micro-volume test tube on the test tube support plate 45. Due to the small weight of the test tube, the compression spring 44 only needs to be slightly compressed to keep the test tube vertical. Then adjust the floating tube clamp assembly 5 on the vertical central axis 12: the height adjustment seat 51 slides upward along the vertical central axis 12 to a position close to the top of the test tube and locks it with the set screw; the horizontal support rod 52 is fully retracted into the height adjustment seat 51, so that the test tube clamp 54 is close to the upper part of the test tube. The angle is finely adjusted by the universal joint 53 to ensure that the clamping arm 541 is in contact with the outer wall of the test tube; finally, tighten the butterfly bolt 543 and use the friction of the anti-slip silicone pad 544 to fix the test tube.

[0026] When the drive motor 23 is started at 10000 r / min, the buffer spring 33 of the square base 3 effectively dampens the high-frequency vibration of the turntable 11 (vibration amplitude ≤ 0.5 mm); the universal ball 42 of the floating support 4 and the compression spring 44 work together to eliminate the slight swaying of the test tubes caused by the difference in centrifugal force; the double locking of the anti-slip silicone pad 544 and the set screw of the test tube clamp 54 prevents the test tubes from sliding down at high speed. Testing shows that this embodiment can reduce the centrifugation breakage rate of micro-samples from 12% in traditional devices to below 2%, meeting the ultra-high-speed centrifugation requirements for micro-samples in water quality testing. Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A stand-alone, replaceable water quality sample centrifugation device, characterized by, The device includes a workbench (1) and a turntable (11) rotatably mounted above the workbench (1). The turntable (11) is rotatably connected to the workbench (1) via a drive shaft (21), and the bottom of the drive shaft (21) is fixed inside the workbench (1) via a bearing seat (22). The bottom of the turntable (11) is connected to a drive assembly (2), and the top is fixed with a square base (3). A vertical central shaft (12) runs through the center of the square base (3), and the bottom of the vertical central shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the turntable (11). Three replaceable floating support seats (4) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the turntable (11). The top of the floating support seat (4) is connected to the bottom of the test tube, and the three floating support seats (4) are evenly distributed around the vertical central shaft (12). Several floating tube clamp assemblies (5) are spaced apart along the axial direction on the vertical central shaft (12). Each pair of adjacent floating tube clamp assemblies (5) clamps the middle and upper parts of the test tube respectively, and together fixes the test tube.

2. A self-contained, replaceable water quality sample centrifugation device according to claim 1, wherein, The drive assembly (2) includes a vertically arranged drive shaft (21), a bearing housing (22), and a drive motor (23); the top of the drive shaft (21) is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the turntable (11), and the bottom is connected to the output shaft belt of the drive motor (23); the drive shaft (21) is interference-fitted with the bearing in the bearing housing (22); the drive motor (23) is fixed to the bottom of the worktable (1) by a motor bracket (231); the drive motor (23) is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

3. A self-contained, replaceable water quality sample centrifugation device according to claim 1, wherein, The square base (3) includes a rectangular frame (31), a guide shaft (32), a buffer spring (33), and a base plate (34). The rectangular frame (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the turntable (11) by screws, and the central area of ​​the rectangular frame (31) has a through hole adapted to the vertical central axis (12). The four corners of the rectangular frame (31) are respectively fixedly connected to the guide shaft (32), which is a stepped shaft structure with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter. The guide shaft (32) is fitted with a buffer spring (33) on its outer periphery. The buffer spring (33) is a cylindrical helical spring, and its top abuts against the bottom of the base plate (34), and its bottom abuts against the top of the rectangular frame (31).

4. A self-contained, replaceable water quality sample centrifugation device according to claim 1, wherein, The floating support base (4) includes a circular base (41), a universal ball (42), an oblique hinge rod (43), a test tube support plate (45), and a compression spring (44); the circular base (41) is fixed to the top of the turntable (11) by bolts, and a ball cup (412) is embedded in its center, the ball cup (412) is adapted to the ball head at the bottom of the universal ball (42); the top of the universal ball (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the test tube support plate (45); the oblique hinge rod (43) The number of compression springs (44) is three, evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular base (41). One end of each spring is hinged to the first hinge seat (413) on the edge of the circular base (41) via a pin (431), and the other end is hinged to the second hinge seat (451) at the bottom of the test tube support plate (45) via a pin (431). The number of compression springs (44) is three, evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular base (41). One end of each spring abuts against the top of the circular base (41), and the other end abuts against the bottom of the test tube support plate (45).

5. The water quality sample centrifuge device with replaceable independent tube socket according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating tube clamp assembly (5) includes a height adjustment seat (51), a horizontal support rod (52), a universal joint (53), a test tube clamp (54), and an adjustment handle (55); the height adjustment seat (51) is a sleeve structure with a guide groove (511) on its inner side, the outer periphery of the vertical central shaft (12) is movably connected to the guide groove (511), the height adjustment seat (51) is slidably connected to the vertical central shaft (12) and its position can be adjusted axially; one end of the horizontal support rod (52) is inserted into the horizontal through hole at the end of the height adjustment seat (51) and locked in position by a set screw; the horizontal support rod ( 52) A universal joint (53) is fixedly connected to the other end. The universal joint (53) is a cross shaft type, and its two ends are connected to the horizontal support rod (52) and the test tube clamp (54) respectively. The test tube clamp (54) includes two semi-circular clamping arms (541). One end of the clamping arm (541) is hinged by a hinge (542), and the other end is connected by a butterfly bolt (543). The inner side of the clamping arm (541) is provided with an anti-slip silicone pad (544). The adjusting handle (55) is a handwheel structure, fixed to the insertion end of the horizontal support rod (52), and used to rotate and adjust the extension length of the horizontal support rod (52).

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