Battery cell model and battery model

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery cell model (10) for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, wherein the battery cell model (10) simulates a real battery cell. The battery cell model (30) comprises at least one model body (12) which has at least one metallic foil (18) on at least two opposite sides (14, 16), wherein the model body (12) comprises at least two materials that are used in the real battery cell. The at least two materials are chemically inert materials, at least under the influence of air, at least during the impact test, wherein the model body (12) has a weight and mass distribution corresponding to an electrode body of the real battery cell. The invention further relates to a battery model (30) for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, with at least one battery cell model (10), a method (100) for producing a model body (12) for a battery cell model (10), and a drone model (40) for use in an impact test with a battery model (30).

Description

Prior ArtThe invention relates to a battery cell model and a battery model for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, and to a method for producing a battery cell model and a battery model, to a use of a battery model and to a drone model.Battery cells, in particular lithium-ion battery cells, are a widely used energy store and are used as energy stores both in landborne vehicles and in aircraft, such as drones, for example.Mechanical tests of battery cells, in particular Li-ion battery cells, for analyzing the behavior in the event of a crash, impact or impact are related above all to the use of the batteries in road vehicles. For example, from the publication by Thomas Kütters et al, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 108 (2017) 205-216, dynamic mechanical analyses for examining the behavior of lithium-ion batteries are known, wherein the battery is statically fixed and the mechanical action is effected by a hydraulically operated plunger which is moved at an adjustable speed and strikes the battery and at least partially destroys it. Here, speeds of 0.01 mm / s and 5000 mm / s are used as the die speed. The reported measured variables are mechanical deformation and battery voltage.In aviation, batteries are used as energy stores in electrically flying vehicles, for example drones and in electrically flying air taxis. The increased use of commercial drones has significantly changed air traffic. In particular in the region of the low flight altitude of 100 m to 150 m, collisions between drones and helicopters occur repeatedly, for example. Helicopters are used, among other things, in rescue and police. Moreover, unexpected crashes occur in which the flying vehicles impact the ground.Crash behavior of the aircraft and impact behavior during collision with other aircraft are thus the subject of investigations. In order to be able to minimize the damage to a collision between the drone and the helicopter, the impact behavior must be simulated and examined by collisions of both air traffic partners in test systems. Such a test is referred to as an impact test. In the impact test, the aircraft, for example the drone or sub-elements of the drone, is shot at the relative speeds adapted in the real flight speeds onto a target which is intended to simulate the flying object, for example the helicopter or sub-elements of the helicopter, and the damage produced is recorded using a plurality of high-speed cameras. From the evaluation, conclusions can then be drawn about weak points in the construction of the target, typically of the helicopter, and construction changes and / or protective measures can be planned and implemented.In the impact test, model objects are typically used, i.e. for example a drone model or component model which simulates the mass and the mass distributions of the components involved in the collision as exactly as possible. The battery is a critical component in the drone model, since it has toxic components and materials that fall under the hazardous material regulation.For simulating the battery in the drone model, it is known to simulate the behavior of the battery with numerical models. However, there is a continuing need to carry out impact tests with drone models that comprise a battery. Impact tests with a real battery must be carried out under high safety requirements and require high costs for fire protection, explosion safety and decontamination.From the publication by A. Trondl, D. Z. Sun "Characterization and substitute modelling of the deformation and failure behavior of battery cells", which was presented at the conference CrashMaT, Freiburg on 9.5.2018, it is known to examine lithium ion cells in mechanical tests such as compression tests, pressure tests, insulation tests and bending tests, the mechanical behavior of so-called pouch cells and the short circuit behavior under mechanical loading. In all tests, the battery under test is statically stored and subjected to dynamic loading.From the publication by J. Oswald and S. A. Ritt, "Creation of a process chain for drone impact simulation with the aid of the determination of mass distributions in unmanned aircraft" from 2018, a virtual drone model with all components is known. Further, first impact tests with components of a drone are described.From the above-described facts, it has become clear that there is a need to simulate the crash behavior and the impact behavior of batteries. In particular, there is a need for battery models which reflect the batteries actually used and their behavior in the event of the crash, the collision and / or the impact as exactly as possible.Disclosure of the InventionThe object of the invention is to provide a battery model and / or a battery cell model for use in a crash test and / or impact test.It is a further object of the invention to develop a method for producing a battery model and a battery cell model.It is a further object of the invention to specify a use of a battery model.It is a further object of the invention to provide a drone model for use in an impact test.The objects are achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and advantages of the invention are evident from the further claims, the description and the drawing.The features individually listed in the patent claims can be combined with one another in a technically expedient manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and by details from the figures, wherein further embodiment variants of the invention are shown.According to a first aspect of the invention, a battery cell model for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, is proposed, wherein the battery cell model simulates a real battery cell. The battery cell model comprises at least one model body which has at least one metallic foil on at least two opposite sides, wherein the model body has at least two materials which are used in the real battery cell.The at least two materials are chemically inert materials at least under the effect of air at least during the time of the impact test, wherein the model body has a weight and mass distribution corresponding to an electrode body of the real battery cell.The impact test is a destructive mechanical test in which the battery cell model is installed individually or in a missile, for example a drone, and is shot as a projectile at speeds between 20 m / s and 300 m / s onto a typically stationary object. The object is also referred to as a target or target and simulates the components of the flying object to be tested. Components to be tested can be, for example, windows, structural components or turbines or rotor components of a helicopter or aircraft. The impact of the projectile on the target is recorded with high-speed cameras during the impact test. Thus, each individual phase of destruction of the projectile can be analyzed. The resulting damage to the target is also documented and analyzed. The advantage of an impact test is a real simulation of accident scenarios. Because of the impact test, improvements in design can be made to the flying object, helicopter, or aircraft.A real battery typically has the real battery cells arranged in a housing, having an electrode body and an electrolyte which is in contact with the electrode body and is arranged within the housing. The electrode body of the real battery cell typically has a cathode made of a lithium metal oxide and an anode made of graphite and also a separator made of a polymeric membrane. Furthermore, a copper foil is arranged on the cathode side and an aluminum foil is arranged on the anode side. Typically, in a real battery cell, a plurality of layers of the anode, the cathode, the copper foil, the aluminum foil, and the separator are arranged.The layers are layered depending on the design model of the battery cell, such as in a so-called pouch cell, for example, or wound, such as in a cylindrical battery cell, for example. In a prismatic battery cell, the layers may be layered or wound. Thus, the real battery cell is a homogeneous body, the individual elements of which cannot be moved relative to one another. The homogeneous body is understood to mean that the body, when seen macroscopically, consists of a uniform material.The battery cell model can simulate the structure of the real battery cell in that the model body comprises two materials, for example graphite and a polymer, and at least two metal foils are additionally arranged. The metal foils may be a copper foil and an aluminum foil. By selecting the materials graphite and polymer, the light components of the real battery cell can be depicted. By virtue of the arrangement of the metal foils, in particular made of copper and aluminum, the metals of the real battery cell can be simulated. The metal foils can be bonded to the model body, for example, in order to simulate the electrode body, in particular the homogeneous electrode body. The model body can be pressed with the metal foils to form the electrode body, which is a homogeneous element. Thereby, the anisotropic character of the real battery cell may be maintained to generate a mass equivalence. Moreover, by this procedure, the battery cell model can have approximately the mass and the weight of the real battery cell.Graphite is a chemically inert material and exhibits a chemically passive behavior, in particular under the action of air. The polymer is also a chemically inert material and exhibits a chemically passive behavior under the action of air.A chemical substance can be referred to as chemically inert, which under the given conditions does not react chemically with the surrounding potential reaction partners or reacts only to a negligible extent. The reactant surrounding the battery cell model in an impact test is typically air.The advantage of using the model body made of graphite and the polymer can consist in the fact that no lithium is contained in the battery cell model, which can enter a test space in which the impact test is carried out and thus enter the environment in the impact test. This is a great advantage, since lithium is classified in hazardous material class 9. Additional, costly safety measures are thus not necessary when carrying out the impact test.The advantage of the battery cell model is that a rigid body is formed. The battery cell model may be as deformable as the real battery cell.It is advantageous to use the battery cell model for crash tests and / or impact tests, since safety problems can be avoided. The standard test systems can be used for impact tests and crash tests without additional measures having to be taken. Advantageously, high additional costs for safety and / or redesigning measures can be avoided, since only harmless materials are used. The materials used for the model body do not fall under the hazardous material regulation.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the model body can be enclosed at least partially, in particular on two opposite sides, by a laminate film. In this case, the laminate film can form the model body and the metal foils to form a compact, homogeneous element.The model body can simulate the electrode body of the real battery cell. This has the advantage that the model body can be formed and produced in a simple manner. In the case of a pouch cell, the electrode body of the real battery cell is also surrounded by a laminate film. Preferably, the laminate film can completely enclose the model body and the metal foils. Preferably, at least one of the metal foils can be configured as a metal laminate foil.Preferably, the break-mechanical properties of the real battery cell can be simulated in the battery cell model. The battery cell model can thus simulate the fracture-mechanical properties of the real battery cell.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the model body can have a material mixture with a homogeneous mass distribution. For example, the at least two materials, in particular graphite and a polymer, can be present as powder which is readily miscible.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the model body with the material mixture can be present as a hot press plate. The hot press plate can be produced easily from the starting materials in one process. The materials can be mixed simply as powders, which form a homogeneous material mixture, and the hot press plate can be produced in a hot press process. A homogeneous pressing of the materials can preferably take place.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the material mixture can comprise polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and graphite, in particular in a mixing ratio of 2:1. The density of polyvinylidene fluoride is typically 1.78 g / cm 3. The density of graphite was about 1.8 g / cm 3. Polyvinylidene fluoride can typically be used in the real battery.According to an advantageous configuration of the battery cell model, the metal foil can be designed as copper foil and / or as aluminum foil, in particular as aluminum laminate foil.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the model body of the battery cell model can be welded into the laminate film. The laminate film may preferably be a film of a plastics material in combination with a metal. In the real battery cell, for example, a laminate film can likewise be used.According to a further aspect of the invention, a battery model for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, is proposed, having at least one battery cell model, which comprises a housing in which the at least one battery cell model is arranged. Preferably, two or three or four or more battery cell models may be arranged in the housing.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery cell model, the housing can have at least one metallic profile, wherein the at least one battery cell model is surrounded by the at least one metallic profile. The metallic profile can be, in particular, a metallic U-profile. The at least one metallic profile can in particular comprise aluminum. In particular, the profile can be an aluminum U profile.According to an advantageous embodiment of the battery model, the housing can be designed as a plastic injection-molded housing or as a 3D pressure housing. In particular, the housing can comprise polycarbonate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers. The injection-molded housing can be easily manufactured. The 3D printing housing is particularly suitable for prototypes of the battery model, since no injection mold has to be produced here.According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for producing a model body for a battery cell model is proposed, which comprises at least the following steps:providing a die;providing materials for a material mixture;mixing the materials of the material mixture;hot pressing the material mixture to form a hot press plate;releasing a hot press plate from the press mold;machining the hot press plate to form the model body.The process step of hot pressing the material mixture can be a vacuum process with a temperature profile and a pressure profile. Advantageously, typically, the temperature can first rise to approximately 300°, then remain at this temperature level, which is referred to as the holding temperature, for a specific time t and then slowly fall, in particular continuously fall. The maximum temperature gradient can be advantageously at a peak value of 20 K for a 5 minute period at a process time of 130 min and be just before a holding temperature of approximately 240° C. is reached. In the cooling process, a 10K temperature difference can expediently not be exceeded.According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for producing a battery cell model is proposed, at least comprising the steps:producing or providing a hot press plate;producing the model body by applying at least one metallic foil, in particular copper foil, to at least mutually opposite sides of the hot press plate;sheathing the model body with a laminate film, in particular an aluminum laminate film outside the metallic film, to form the battery cell model.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the laminate film can be closed by a vacuum welding process. Preferably, the aluminum laminate film can be connected to the hot press plate and the at least one metal foil. Preferably, the model body can thereby be formed as a homogeneous element with a homogeneous mass distribution.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, a material mixture of the hot press plate can comprise polyvinylidene fluoride powder and graphite powder, in particular in a mixing ratio of 2:1.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the material mixture can be hot-pressed at a temperature above at least 200° C., in particular at a temperature of 240° C.According to a further aspect of the invention, a method for producing a battery model having at least one battery cell model is proposed, which method comprises at least the steps:providing or manufacturing a housing;providing at least one battery cell model;arranging the at least one battery cell model in at least one metallic profile, in particular enclosing the at least one battery cell model with the at least one metallic profile;arranging the at least one battery cell model arranged in the at least one metallic profile in a housing.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the at least one metallic profile can be designed as a U-profile, in particular made of aluminum. A sheet of aluminum can be bent. The sheet may typically have a thickness of 0.01 mm or greater.According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the housing can be produced as a plastic injection-molded housing or as a 3D pressure housing. The housing may be a plastic injection molded housing which can be easily manufactured. Alternatively, the housing can be designed as a 3D pressure housing. This is advantageous in prototyping the housing.According to a further aspect of the invention, a use of a battery model in a missile model, in particular a drone model, for carrying out impact tests is proposed. The drone model may be a multicopter model.According to a further aspect of the invention, a drone model for use in an impact test with a battery model is proposed.DRAWINGFurther advantages are evident from the following description of the drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. The drawings, specification and claims contain numerous features in combination. The skilled person will expediently also consider the features individually and summarize them to form meaningful further combinations.The following are shown by way of example: FIG. 1 shows a battery cell model for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a perspective view; FIG. 2 shows a warm press plate for a model body of the battery cell model in a perspective view; FIG. 3 shows the battery cell model according to FIG. 1 in a sectional illustration; FIG. 4 shows the battery cell model according to FIG. 1 in a further sectional illustration along the sectional plane A-A in FIG. 3 ; FIG. 5 shows the battery model for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a sectional illustration; FIG. 6 shows a drone with the battery model according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 7 shows a method for producing a model body for the battery cell model according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; FIG. 8 shows a method for producing a battery cell model with the model body according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; FIG. 9 shows a method for producing a battery model according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention; and FIG. 10 is a temperature curve for the method of FIG. 7.Embodiments of the InventionIn the figures, components of the same type or having the same effect are denoted by the same reference numerals. The figures merely show examples and should not be understood as limiting.Before describing the invention in detail, it should be understood that it is not limited to the particular components of the apparatus, as well as the particular method steps, as these components and methods may vary.The terms used herein are intended to describe particular embodiments only and are not used in a limiting sense. Moreover, when the singular or indefinite articles are used in the specification or claims, this also refers to the plurality of these elements unless the overall context clearly indicates otherwise.Directional terminology used in the following with terms such as "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "front", "behind", "after" and the like is merely used for better understanding of the figures and is in no case intended to represent a limitation of generality. The components and elements illustrated, their design and use can vary within the meaning of the considerations of a person skilled in the art and be adapted to the respective applications.FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 show a schematic illustration of a battery cell model 10 for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 shows a hot press plate 13 for a model body 12 of the battery cell model 10 in a perspective view.FIG. 1 shows the battery model 10 in a perspective view. FIGS. 3 and 4 show the battery model 10 in two sectional representations. The sectional views in FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a longitudinal section in planes offset by 90° with respect to one another through a battery cell model 10.The battery cell model 10 has a model body 12. The model body 12 has a hot press plate 13. The model body 12 further comprises at least one metallic foil 18 on a first side 14 and on a second side 16, which is referred to for short as metal foil 18. The hot press plate 13 is shown in FIG. 2 in a perspective view.The model body 12 is a substitute model for the functional part of a lithium-ion battery, referred to below briefly as a real battery, and typically comprises some of the materials used in the functional unit of the real battery. The model body 12 may be incorporated into the battery cell model 10.The model body 12 comprises at least two materials which are used in an electrode body of a real battery cell. The at least two materials are chemically inert and do not react with the air during an impact test. The at least two materials are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and graphite. The model body 12 typically comprises two parts of PVDF and one part of graphite powder. The manufacturing method of the model body 12 is described in FIG. 7 and reference is made to the description of FIG. 7 in this respect.The metal foil 18 is typically a copper foil. The copper foil is typically disposed on both sides 14, 16 of the model body 12. A laminate film 20, in particular an aluminum laminate film 20, is arranged around the copper foil. Thus, apart from the materials relating to the electrochemical function of the real battery cell, materials are used in the battery cell model 10, which materials are also present in a real battery cell. The compact arrangement of the model body 12 with the hot-press plate 13 simulates the compact construction in the real battery cell and the mass of the real battery cell.The distances between the model body 12 and the metal foil 14 and the aluminum laminate foil 20 shown in the schematic illustration in FIGS. 3 and 4 serve merely for better illustration and do not reflect the real geometric positions.FIG. 5 shows a battery model 30 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in a schematic sectional illustration. The battery model 30 includes four battery cell models 10. The battery model 30 includes a housing 32 disposed around the battery cell models 10. The housing 32 has at least one metallic profile 34, for example made of aluminum sheet, and can be formed with a plastic jacket. The plastic jacket is typically produced by an injection molding technique or by the 3D printing method. The material of the plastic jacket 32 is typically a polycarbonate, in particular a polycarbonate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.As an example of a typically used lithium ion battery, the geometry of the illustrated battery model 30, designated 4S or 6S, is shown. This corresponds, for example, to the geometry of a lithium-ion accumulator of a DJI drone phantom 3. The size is 129 x45x72 mm and the weight is 365 g. The proportion of the real battery is about 30% of the total weight of a drone.Thus, the battery model 30 can be easily installed in the drone for performing an impact test. The battery cell model 10 is scalable. One or more battery cell models 10 may be arranged in the battery model 30.For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the battery model may include four battery cell models 10 in the housing 32. The battery model 30 is scalable in size depending on the number of the battery cell models 10.FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a drone 40 with the battery model 30. the illustrated drone 40 is the phantom 3 drone from the company DIJ. The selection of the illustrated drone 40 is merely exemplary. The battery model 30 may be incorporated into any other drone because the structure of the battery model 30 is scalable. The drone 30 includes a body 42 into which the battery model 30 is installed. Furthermore, the drone 40 has four propellers 44, which serve to drive the drone 40. Furthermore, the drone 40 is equipped, for example, with instruments, for example, with a camera 46.FIG. 7 shows a method for producing a model body 12 for a battery cell model 10. The method comprises the following steps:In step S 110, a press mold corresponding to the desired geometry of the hot press plate 13 is provided.In step S 120, materials for a material mixture, for example polyvinylidene fluoride powder (PVDF) and graphite powder (PC 40), are provided with two parts of PVDF and one part of graphite.In step S 130, the PVDF powder and the graphite powder are mixed to form a powder mixture.In step S 140, the powder mixture is hot-pressed, for example at 240° and in vacuo, to form the hot-pressing plate 13.In step S 150, the hot press plate 13 is released from the die. Optionally, in step S 160, the desired geometry of the model body 12 is completed. Step S 160 is performed only if the die used is a universal die that is larger than the cell geometry. If a die is used which is matched to the geometry of the model body 12, step 160 can be omitted.PVDF is an opaque, partially crystalline thermoplastic fluoroplastic. Its properties are characterized by PVDF as a highly inert, semicrystalline thermoplastic polymer. PVDF can be used in temperature ranges from -20° C. to +130° C. PVDF is very refractory and remains unalterable at 175°C heat. PVDF is present as a powder prior to processing. PVDF typically has a density of ρ=1.78 g / cm 3. In powder form, the polymer is used as a binder material in electrodes of lithium ion batteries and is therefore suitable as a material in the battery cell model 12.Graphite powder can be present with different grains. A grain typically used for electrodes is 40.PC 40 is the designation for a graphite powder and having a grain size of 40.If the PVDF powder and the graphite powder are mixed and subjected to the hot pressing process 100, the model body 12 is then present as a homogeneous element.A method 200 for producing the battery cell model 10 is illustrated in FIG. 8 and comprises the following steps:In step S 210, the hot press plate 13 is provided.In step S220, the model body 12 is produced by arranging at least one metallic foil 18, in particular copper foil 18, on at least two opposite sides 14, 16 of the hot press plate 13.In step S 230, the hot-press plate 13 and the at least one metal foil 18 are enclosed with a laminate foil 20, in particular with an aluminum laminate foil 20 outside the metallic foil 18, in order to produce the battery cell model 10;The method 300 for producing the battery model 30 is illustrated in FIG. 9 and comprises the following steps:In step S 310, a housing 32 is provided or produced.In step S 320, at least one battery cell model 10 is provided.In step S 330, at least one metallic profile 34 is arranged around the at least one battery cell model 10.In step S 340, the at least one battery cell model 10 having the at least one metallic profile 34 is arranged in the housing 32.FIG. 10 shows a temperature curve according to which method 100 for producing hot-press plate 13 of model body 12 for a battery cell model 10 is carried out. A plurality of temperature curves, not designated in any more detail, are shown. The individual temperature curves are measurement curves at different positions and of different heating circuits. A temperature 50 is plotted on the y-axis and a time 52 is plotted on the x-axis. The temperature 50 initially rises approximately uniformly until it reaches a holding temperature 54. The holding temperature 54 is kept the same for a certain adjustable time 56.After the holding time, a cooling process step begins, in which the temperature 50 is lowered. A maximum temperature gradient of the temperature rise is typically at a peak value of 20 K for a period of 5 min at a process time of 130 min just before the holding temperature 54 is reached. The holding temperature 54 is, for example, 240° C. In a cooling process step, a temperature difference ΔT of 10 K is maintained. A curve 58 shows, by way of example, a temperature gradient between two measurement curves 54. The temperature measurements at the different positions in the die are thus substantially equivalent.Thereafter, the hot press plate 13, which is referred to as the hot press plate 13, is manufactured. The hot press plate 13 is a plate 13 which is homogeneous in thickness. The plate 13 ideally shows no cracks and / or no inclusions are visible under the described process parameters. Furthermore, no detachment zones are recognizable and no convexity is recognizable. The properties of the manufactured panel 13 are typically: a planar panel surface, with a delta being about 0.1 mm. The plate thickness is almost at the optimum of 6.6 mm. The resulting loss of material from the hot pressing process is, on the order of magnitude, 25.3 g. The pressure evaluation is typically nominally 300 N / cm 2 starting from a process duration of 230 min.Reference numerals denote reference numerals10 Battery cell model 12 Model body 13 Hot press plate 14 Model body 16 Model body 18 Metal foil, copper foil 20 Laminate foil, Aluminum laminate film 30 Battery model 32 Housing 34 Aluminum U-sheet 40 Drone 42 Drone body 44 Propeller 46 Camera 50 Temperature 52 Time 54 Holding temperature 56 Holding time 58 Curve 100 Method for producing the model body 12 S 110 Providing the press mold S 120 Providing materials for a material mixture S 130 Mixing the materials of the material mixture S 140 Hot pressing the material mixture to a hot press plate S 150 Releasing the hot press plate 13 from the press mold S 160 Processing the hot press plate to the model body 200 Method for producing a battery cell model 10 S 210 Producing or providing a hot press plate 13 S 220 Producing a model body 12 by attaching in each case at least one metallic film 18, in particular copper foil, At least two mutually opposite sides 14, 16 of the hot press plate S 230 Sheathing the model body 12 with a laminate film 20, in particular an aluminum laminate film outside the metallic film 18, to form the battery cell model 10 300 Method for producing the battery model 30 S 310 Providing or producing a housing 32 S 320 Providing at least one battery cell model 10 S 330 Arranging the at least one battery cell model 10 in at least one metallic profile 34, in particular enclosing the at least one battery cell model 10 with the at least one metallic profile 34 S 340 Arranging the at least one battery cell model 10 arranged in the at least one metallic profile 34 in a housing 32References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Cited Non-Patent LiteratureThomas Kütters et al, International Journal of Impact Engineering, 108 (2017) 205-216

[0003] A. Trondl, D. Z. Sun "Characterization and Replacement Modelling of the Deformation and Failure Behavior of Battery Cells", which was deposited on the conference CrashMaT, Freiburg on 9.5.2018

[0008] J. Oswald and S. A. Ritt, "Creation of a process chain for drone impact simulation with the aid of the determination of mass distributions in unmanned aircraft" from 2018

[0009]

Claims

Battery cell model (10) for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, wherein the battery cell model (10) simulates a real battery cell, at least comprising a model body (12) which has at least one metallic foil (18) on at least two opposite sides (14, 16) in each case, wherein the model body (12) has at least two materials which are used in the real battery cell, wherein the at least two materials are chemically inert materials at least under the action of air at least during the time of the impact test, wherein the model body (12) has a weight and mass distribution corresponding to an electrode body of the real battery cell.Battery cell model according to claim 1, wherein the model body (12) is at least partially surrounded, in particular on two opposite sides (14, 16), by a laminate film (20).Battery cell model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the model body (12) comprises a material mixture with a homogeneous mass distribution.Battery cell model according to claim 3, wherein the model body with the material mixture is present as a hot press plate (13).Battery cell model according to either claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the material mixture comprises polyvinylidene fluoride and graphite, in particular in a mixing ratio of 2:1.Battery cell model according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the metallic foil (18) is formed as copper foil and / or aluminum foil and / or the laminate foil (20) is formed as aluminum laminate foil (20).The battery cell model according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the model body (12) is welded into the laminate film (20).Battery model (30) for a crash test and / or impact test, in particular a drone impact test, having at least one battery cell model (10) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a housing (32) in which the at least one battery cell model (10) is arranged.Battery model according to Claim 8, wherein the housing (32) has at least one metallic profile (34), in particular at least one metallic U profile, wherein the at least one battery cell model (10) is surrounded by the at least one metallic profile (34), in particular wherein the at least one metallic profile (34) has aluminum.Battery model according to Claim 8 or 9, wherein the housing (32) is designed as a plastic injection-molded housing or as a 3D pressure housing, in particular wherein the housing (32) comprises polycarbonate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers.Method (100) for producing a model body (12) for a battery cell model (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, at least comprising the steps of - providing a press mould (S110); - providing materials for a material mixture (S120); - mixing the materials of the material mixture (S130); - hot-pressing the material mixture to form a hot-pressing plate (13) (S140); - releasing the hot-pressing plate (13) from the press mould (S150); - processing the hot-pressing plate to form the model body (12) (S160).Method (200) for producing a battery cell model (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, at least comprising the steps of: - producing or providing a hot-press plate (13) (S210); - producing a model body (12) by attaching in each case at least one metallic foil (18), in particular copper foil, to at least two mutually opposite sides (14, 16) of the hot-press plate (13) (S220); - sheathing the model body (12) with a laminate foil (20), in particular an aluminium laminate foil outside the metallic foil (18), to form the battery cell model (10) (S230).The method of claim 12, wherein the laminate film (20) is sealed using a vacuum welding process.Method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein a material mixture of the hot press plate (13) comprises polyvinylidene fluoride powder and graphite powder, in particular in a mixing ratio of 2 to 1.The method according to claim 14, wherein the material mixture is hot-pressed at a temperature above at least 200°C, in particular at a temperature of 240°C.Method (300) for producing a battery model (30) according to one of Claims 8 to 10 with at least one battery cell model (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, at least comprising the steps of - providing or producing a housing (32) (S310); - providing at least one battery cell model (10) (S320); - arranging the at least one battery cell model (10) in at least one metallic profile (34), in particular enclosing the at least one battery cell model (10) with the at least one metallic profile (34) (S330); - arranging the at least one battery cell model (10) arranged in the at least one metallic profile (34) in a housing (32) (S340).Method according to claim 16, wherein the at least one metallic profile (34) is formed as a U-profile, in particular from aluminium.Method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the housing (32) is produced as a plastic injection-molded housing or as a 3D pressure housing.Use of a battery model (30) according to one of Claims 8 to 10 in a missile model, in particular a drone model (40), for carrying out impact tests.A drone model (40) for use in an impact test comprising a battery model (30) according to any of claims 8 to 10.

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