TUBE TURBINE DEVICE FOR A FLUID TRANSPORT NETWORK

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a tubular turbine device for a fluid transport network, comprising at least one rotor arranged on a turbine shaft, at least one guide device arranged upstream of the rotor in the flow direction, and at least one generator coupled to the turbine shaft and configured to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a tubular turbine device, a fluid pressure relief system for a fluid transport network, and a use of a tubular turbine device for carrying out fluid pressure relief. Fluid transport networks are used in the prior art for transporting a fluid. A fluid transport network generally comprises transport network pipes or transport network lines through which the fluid is conveyed under pressure. The fluid thus flows through the at least one transport network pipe.

[0002] An example of a fluid transport network is a gas transport network for conveying or transporting a gas. Such a gas transport network can be formed from at least one long-distance gas transport network and, in particular, a plurality of gas distribution networks coupled to the long-distance gas transport network. A long-distance gas transport network can be formed from a plurality of long-distance transport pipes (e.g., made of steel). Likewise, a gas distribution network can be formed from a plurality of distribution pipes (e.g., made of steel).

[0003] For example, gas can initially be transported from a gas source (e.g., a gas storage facility) via the long-distance gas transmission network. The gas can then be transported to an (end) consumer (also called an end customer) via a gas distribution network connected to the long-distance gas transmission network. Gas is typically transported within the gas transmission network at different pressure levels.

[0004] For example, a long-distance gas transmission network can operate with a gas pressure or gas pressure level between 90 bar and 110 bar. The gas pressure level or pipeline pressure of a gas distribution network can, for example, be in the range of 16 bar (this is the case in Germany, for example). The pipeline pressure can be further reduced, for example, to a few millibars overpressure, down to the end consumer.

[0005] For appropriate gas pressure relief, a gas pressure relief system can be used in the gas transmission network, for example, between a long-distance gas transmission network and a gas distribution transmission network (or at other locations where gas pressure relief is required). A gas pressure relief system can comprise one or more gas pressure relief units. A gas pressure relief unit can comprise at least one turbine device for gas pressure relief.

[0006] From the publication EP 3 001 012 A2, a possibility is known with which the gas pressure relief required in a gas transport network can be effectively utilized. EP 3 001 012 A2 describes a tubular turbine device for a gas transport network, comprising at least one rotor arranged on a turbine shaft, at least one guide device arranged upstream of the rotor in the flow direction, and at least one generator coupled to the turbine shaft, configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy. In particular, during gas pressure relief, the kinetic energy of the gas is converted into electrical energy by the rotor coupled to the turbine shaft and the generator coupled to the turbine shaft. This energy can, for example, be fed into an electrical distribution network.

[0007] A disadvantage of the tubular turbine device according to EP 3 001 012 A2, however, is that the maximum possible electrical energy or power is not always generated. It has been recognized that the reason for the suboptimal electrical energy yield is the fixed-load tubular turbine device. A fixed-load tubular turbine device means in particular that the tubular turbine device is designed for a certain, usually the maximum possible, fluid volume flow. At this volume flow, the tubular turbine device generates the maximum electrical energy or power during nominal operation. However, it has been recognized that in a gas transport network, but also in other fluid transport networks where pressure relief is necessary, (time-dependent and particularly strong) fluctuating volume flows occur, and in particular also greatly reduced volume flows.This leads to a significant reduction in the electrical energy yield, particularly in a tubular turbine device according to EP 3 001 012 A2.

[0008] EP 1 905 948 A1 discloses a machine for recovering energy from a stream of compressed gas, for example, natural gas, comprising, on the one hand, a turboexpander with a turboexpander wheel and, on the other hand, a generator with a rotor that can be driven by the turboexpander wheel and a stator around the rotor. Furthermore, EP 0 609 674 A2 discloses an intake air-driven alternator and a method for converting intake air energy into electrical energy.

[0009] Document US 2 917 636 A relates to frequency-controlled turbogenerators, and in particular to fluid-driven electrical generators in which the electrical output characteristics are precisely controlled over wide ranges of fluid flow. Furthermore, US 2008 / 252078 A1 discloses a generator system that can be used with the working fluid in a Rankine cycle to recover heat from a variety of commercial applications and to convert this heat energy into electrical energy.

[0010] EP 0 568909 A1 discloses a steam turbine with a rotary valve for controlling steam throughput, wherein control slots provided in the rotary valve interact with channel inlets formed in a stationary channel body such that these are increasingly opened or closed depending on the respective direction of rotation of the rotary valve. WO 2016 / 120626 A1 discloses a system for reducing the pressure in a gas stream for a gas discharge system, comprising: an expander driven by a first gas inlet; a heat exchanger, wherein an output of the expander is fed to the heat exchanger; and a compressor driven by a second gas compressor driven by a second gas inlet, wherein a portion of the heat exchanger output is combined with gas that has flowed through the compressor to form an outlet stream, such that the pressure in the outlet stream is lower than the pressure of the first gas inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, JP 3 612153 B2 discloses an automatic pressure control valve for a turbine located in a gas line on the inlet side of an expansion turbine. Finally, WO 98 / 57046 A1 discloses an arrangement for a gas expansion turbine for use in a gas supply pipeline system, in particular in a long-distance pipeline system for supplying gas to low-pressure consumers.

[0012] Therefore, the object of the invention is to provide a tubular turbine device for a fluid transport network, in particular a gas transport network, in which the problem described above is reduced and in particular the electrical energy yield is increased.

[0013] According to a first aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a tubular turbine device for a fluid transport network, in particular a gas transport network, according to claim 1. The tubular turbine device comprises at least one rotor arranged on a turbine shaft. The tubular turbine device comprises at least one guide device arranged upstream of the rotor in the flow direction. The tubular turbine device comprises at least one generator coupled to the turbine shaft, configured to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The tubular turbine device comprises at least one cross-sectional adjustment device configured to change a flow-through cross-sectional area of ​​the tubular turbine device depending on the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device.

[0014] According to the invention, the cross-sectional adjustment device comprises at least one plate module with at least one blocking element arranged radially movable in a flow opening of the plate module.

[0015] The tube turbine device, also called an inline tube turbine, is used in a fluid transport network. The tube turbine device is (basically) designed to perform a fluid pressure release in a fluid transport network from a first fluid pressure level to a second fluid pressure level. The second fluid pressure level is lower than the first fluid pressure level. Performing a fluid pressure release specifically means expanding a pressurized fluid while dissipating work.

[0016] In principle, the fluid can be a fluid that is transported under pressure through a fluid transport network. The fluid according to the application is preferably a gaseous fluid or a gaseous medium. In particular, the gaseous medium can be a technical gas and / or a fuel gas.

[0017] Examples of gaseous media include, but are not limited to, natural gas, biogas, and hydrogen. Natural gas is, in particular, a gas mixture based on methane, whose composition and calorific value can fluctuate. The term "biogas" also refers, in particular, to a gas mixture based on methane, which can also fluctuate in composition and calorific value.

[0018] The tubular turbine device can comprise a turbine housing. The turbine housing can be made of metal, in particular steel. The turbine housing can have an inlet to which a first transport network pipe or a first transport network line of the fluid transport network can be connected. The turbine housing can have an outlet, in particular on the side of the turbine housing opposite the inlet, to which a second transport network pipe or a second transport network line of the fluid transport network can be connected. The turbine housing can, for example, be formed as a substantially rectilinear continuation of the aforementioned transport network pipes. The first transport network pipe and the second transport network pipe can, in particular, be flange-mounted at the inlet or the outlet, respectively.

[0019] The tubular turbine device comprises (in particular within the turbine housing) at least one rotor assembly arranged (or mounted) on a turbine shaft. The turbine shaft is thus coupled (mechanically, in particular torque-locked) to the rotor assembly. The rotor assembly comprises, in particular, an impeller with a plurality of impeller blades.

[0020] The fluid flowing from the inlet to the outlet causes, in particular, a mechanical movement of the rotor. This leads to a release of fluid pressure. Furthermore, the mechanical movement of the rotor is transferred to the turbine shaft, in particular into a rotational movement of the turbine shaft.

[0021] The turbine shaft is (mechanically) coupled to at least one generator. The generator is therefore arranged or mounted on the turbine shaft. In other variants, an indirect coupling may be provided, for example, a transmission may be interposed.

[0022] The generator converts (in a conventional manner) the rotational movement of the shaft, or the rotational energy, into electrical energy. In other words, the at least one generator coupled to the turbine shaft is configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0023] The generator can be an asynchronous machine, for example. The at least one generator can be arranged, in particular, in a "floating" manner within the turbine housing. The fluid can flow at least partially around the generator or the generator housing.

[0024] The at least one generator can be arranged upstream of the impeller in the direction of flow. Alternatively, the at least one generator can be arranged downstream of the impeller in the direction of flow, or in addition to the generator upstream of the impeller, another generator can be arranged downstream of the impeller. The arrangement of the at least one generator can depend in particular on the fluid to be transported. With hydrogen in particular, it is advantageous to arrange the generator upstream of the impeller in the direction of flow. With such an arrangement, optimized cooling can be achieved with hydrogen. With natural gas or biogas, it can be advantageous to arrange the generator downstream of the impeller in the direction of flow. The reason for this is that the gas temperature drops due to the gas expansion and therefore the gas downstream of the impeller in the direction of flow has a lower temperature than upstream of the impeller. The cooling can be improved.At the same time, the generator can increase the gas temperature (this is usually desirable). In other words, in one case, the generator's waste heat can be utilized, while in the other case, the cooling effect of the generator can be improved. The advantage of two generators can be that they can have a smaller interference contour with the same total power.

[0025] In particular, to optimize the flow of fluid onto the rotor assembly (in particular the impeller blades), a guide device or steering device is arranged upstream of the rotor assembly in the flow direction. The guide device is specifically tailored to the rotor assembly. Preferably, the guide device is configured to direct the fluid onto the rotor assembly in a specific direction.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the tubular turbine device can be designed in the form of a constant-pressure turbine. The impeller device can preferably comprise an impeller with a plurality of impeller blades. The guide device can be matched to this impeller device. In particular, a plurality of guide channels or nozzle channels (also referred to as nozzles) can be arranged in the guide device, which direct the fluid flow onto the impeller blades and, in particular, accelerate them in such a way that the impeller blades are (optimally) flowed against. In other words, in a tubular turbine device, particularly in the form of a constant-pressure turbine, a (driving) fluid can flow in one or more jets at very high speed from one or more nozzles of the guide device arranged (tangentially) to the circumference of the impeller onto the blades of the impeller.

[0027] For at least almost optimal operation of the tubular turbine device, in particular of the generator of the tubular turbine device coupled to the running device via a turbine shaft, the flow-through inlet cross-section of the tubular turbine device can be changed.

[0028] This means, in particular, that the input cross-section is adjustable between at least two different cross-sectional values ​​or areas. Preferably, the input cross-section can be changed between a maximum input cross-section (value) and a minimum input cross-section (value), in particular in a discrete or continuous manner, by the cross-section adjustment device. The input cross-section can, in particular, be increased up to the maximum input cross-section (value) and decreased down to the minimum input cross-section (value).

[0029] Preferably, the flow-through cross-sectional area of ​​the tubular turbine device in this case refers to a flow-through inlet and / or outlet cross-sectional area. In particular, the flow-through cross-sectional area of ​​the tubular turbine device in this case refers to a cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow and which has a variable cross-section, which is arranged (within the tubular turbine device) at least upstream of the rotor assembly. In particular, an inlet cross-sectional area is located between the rotor assembly and the inlet. An outlet cross-sectional area can be located downstream of the rotor assembly and upstream of the outlet.

[0030] The cross-section adjustment device comprises at least one adjustable or movable cross-section adjustment module , which is designed to change the cross-sectional area through which the flow can pass by means of an adjustment or movement.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the tubular turbine device according to the invention, the cross-sectional area adjustment device can be configured to reduce the cross-sectional area when the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device decreases. In other words, a volume flow reduction can cause a (passive) reduction in the cross-sectional area. The more the volume flow decreases, the more the cross-sectional area can be reduced. In particular, the at least one cross-sectional area adjustment module can be (actively) moved such that the cross-sectional area available for flow through the rotor device is reduced (compared to the cross-sectional area available for flow through the rotor device at a higher volume flow).

[0032] Alternatively or, preferably, additionally, the cross-sectional adjustment device can be configured to increase the cross-sectional area when the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device increases. In other words, an increase in the volume flow can cause an increase in the cross-sectional area. The more the volume flow increases, the more the cross-sectional area can be increased. In particular, the at least one cross-sectional adjustment module can be moved such that the cross-sectional area available for flow through the rotor device is increased (compared to the cross-sectional area available for flow through the rotor device at a lower volume flow).

[0033] Preferably, the change by the cross-section adjustment device can depend on a (predetermined) mathematical relationship (e.g. function, table, etc.) between volume flow and cross-sectional area to be adjusted.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment of the tubular turbine device according to the invention, the cross-sectional adjustment device can be configured to change the cross-sectional area such that the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device remains substantially constant across the cross-sectional area. This means, in particular, that the fluid always flows toward or through the impeller and guide device at at least approximately the same flow velocity (in the meridional direction). In particular, this occurs such that the flow angles of the velocity fields remain virtually constant for a constant circumferential velocity. In particular, the flow velocity is related to the volume flow and the cross-sectional area according to the following relationship: v_m = Q / A where v_m is the flow velocity in the meridional direction, Q is the volume flow, and A is the cross-sectional area. As can be seen, with a changed volume flow Q, the flow velocity can be kept at least almost constant at a certain (desired) setpoint by changing the flow-through cross-sectional area A, i.e., the inlet cross-sectional area A and / or the outlet cross-sectional area A.

[0035] As a result, the operation of the tubular turbine device, in particular of the generator of the tubular turbine device coupled to the running device via a turbine shaft, can be further optimized and thus, in particular, the electrical energy yield can be increased.

[0036] According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device according to the invention, the cross-section adjustment device can be a passively operated cross-section adjustment device. A passively operated cross-section adjustment device refers, in particular, to a cross-section adjustment device that can be operated without externally supplied energy. The advantage of a passive design is, in particular—compared to an actively operated cross-section adjustment device—the low cost and / or complexity of such a device.

[0037] A passively operated cross-section adjustment device can preferably comprise a (previously described) cross-section adjustment module with a (passively operated) reset element. A cross-section adjustment module with a reset element can be configured to change the flow-through cross-sectional area, i.e., in particular, to reduce or increase it, depending on the force exerted by the flowing fluid on the passive cross-section adjustment module (and thus on the instantaneous volume flow through the tubular turbine device).

[0038] According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device according to the invention—particularly as an alternative to the passively operated cross-section adjustment device—the cross-section adjustment device can be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. An actively operated cross-section adjustment device refers, in particular, to a cross-section adjustment device that can be operated with externally supplied energy. The advantage of an active design, in particular—compared to a passively operated cross-section adjustment device—is the increased accuracy in setting the (essentially) optimal cross-sectional area.

[0039] An actively operated cross-section adjustment device can, in particular, comprise a cross-section adjustment module with an (actively operated) servomotor and, in particular, a control module for controlling the servomotor. The control module can, in particular, be integrated into the servomotor. The servomotor can, for example, be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the actively operated cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one cross-section adjustment module adjustable by a servomotor, configured to change the flow-through cross-sectional area (as already described). The actively operated cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one control module configured to control the servomotor depending on a provided (measured) fluid volume value and a predetermined fluid volume setpoint.

[0041] The provided (instantaneous) fluid volume value can, for example, be measured by a measuring module (already located) in a control station of the fluid transport network and then transmitted, in particular, to the control module. Alternatively or additionally, the tubular turbine device can comprise a measuring module configured to measure the (instantaneous) fluid volume value in the tubular turbine device. Preferably, the measuring module can perform the measurement downstream of the cross-section adjustment device (i.e., in particular, downstream of the variable cross-sectional area) and upstream of the rotor device. The measuring module can be configured to provide the measured fluid volume value to the control module.

[0042] Furthermore, a fluid volume setpoint can be specified such that the tubular turbine device is operated (always, or at least almost always) at the optimal operating point. The electrical energy yield can be further improved. The control module can, for example, be integrated into the servomotor. The servomotor can be controlled, in particular regulated, such that the fluid hitting the impeller always has a specific flow velocity, in particular the optimal flow velocity (in magnitude and direction).

[0043] A fluid volume value (or setpoint) is, in particular, a value that has a (specific) relationship to the fluid volume, and in particular, a value based on a measured fluid parameter. For example, a fluid volume value can also be a measured flow velocity value. The same applies to the at least one fluid volume setpoint.

[0044] It is understood that in variants of the invention, the cross-section adjustment device may also comprise a passively operated cross-section adjustment module and an actively operated cross-section adjustment module.

[0045] According to a further embodiment, the cross-section adjustment device can be arranged in front of the guide device (and behind the inlet of the turbine housing) and / or immediately in front of or behind the impeller.

[0046] In a further embodiment, the cross-sectional adjustment device can also be integrated in the guide device, in particular in at least one flow channel or nozzle channel of the guide device (preferably in a plurality of the nozzle channels, particularly preferably in all nozzle channels).

[0047] It is understood that in variants of the invention, a cross-section adjustment device can also be arranged in front of the guide device (and behind the inlet of the turbine housing) and a further cross-section adjustment device can be integrated in the guide device and / or immediately in front of or behind the impeller.

[0048] In principle, there are several different designs for a cross-section adjustment device. In particular, the design can be selected depending on the installation situation in the turbine (e.g., within a pressurized pipeline; generator in the pipeline surrounded by gas; generator positioned upstream, downstream, or on both sides of the turbine stage to increase power).

[0049] According to an embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one rotary disk module (also referred to as an adjusting disk) arranged upstream of the guide device in the flow direction. The rotary disk module can have at least one flow opening adjustable between a maximum cross-sectional area and a minimum cross-sectional area (also zero).

[0050] In the present embodiment, the rotary disk module can, in particular, be a cross-section adjustment module as described above. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. In particular, a rotational action, for example, caused by a (previously described) servomotor, can cause a change in the at least one flow opening. The flow opening or its flow cross-section is, in particular, changeable such that the cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow is changed.

[0051] In principle, in this embodiment, a flow opening can mean a total flow opening, which can be formed from a plurality of individual flow openings (also called flow channels).

[0052] The rotating disk module can preferably comprise at least a first disk with at least one first disk opening and a second disk arranged above the first disk with at least one second disk opening corresponding to the first disk opening. In particular, at least two first and two second disk openings can be provided. "Corresponding" means that a first disk opening can be coordinated in terms of position and shape with at least one second disk opening, so that a flow opening with a specific cross-sectional area can be formed by the first and second disk openings.

[0053] By rotating (about a rotational axis, preferably the turbine axis) the second disk in relation to the first disk, the cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one flow opening can be adjusted between the maximum cross-sectional area (in this case the first and second disk openings (or the respective first and second disk openings) are substantially located one above the other) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case the first and second disk openings (or the respective first and second disk openings) are substantially not located one above the other; it can also be provided that only a first of a plurality of openings is located above a second of a plurality of openings).

[0054] The second disk and / or the first disk can be adjusted or displaced, in particular, by a servomotor. The servomotor can preferably be an electric servomotor. Preferably, the at least one generator of the tubular turbine device can supply the at least one servomotor with electrical energy.

[0055] According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one rotatable cylinder module (also called a sleeve module) arranged upstream of the guide device in the flow direction. The cylinder module can have at least one flow opening adjustable between a maximum cross-sectional area and a minimum cross-sectional area. Rotatable or twistable means that at least one part (first cylinder) of the cylinder module is rotatable, in particular relative to another part (second cylinder) of the cylinder module. At least one of these parts can be immobile relative to the turbine housing.

[0056] In the present embodiment, the rotatable cylinder module can, in particular, be a cross-section adjustment module as described above. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. In particular, a rotational action, for example, caused by a (previously described) servomotor, can cause a change in the at least one flow opening. The flow opening or its flow cross-section is, in particular, changeable such that the cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow is changed.

[0057] In principle, in this embodiment, a flow opening can primarily mean an overall flow opening, which can be formed from a plurality of individual flow openings.

[0058] Preferably, the rotatable cylinder module can comprise at least a first cylinder with at least one first cylinder opening and a second cylinder arranged in the first cylinder with at least one second cylinder opening corresponding to the first cylinder opening. In particular, at least two first and / or at least two second cylinder openings can be provided.

[0059] Corresponding means that a first cylinder opening can be matched in terms of position and shape to at least one second cylinder opening, so that a flow opening with a certain cross-sectional area can be formed by the first and the second cylinder opening.

[0060] By rotating (about a rotational axis, preferably the turbine axis) the second cylinder in relation to the first cylinder, the cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one flow opening can be adjusted between the maximum cross-sectional area (in this case the first and the second cylinder opening (or the respective first and second cylinder openings) lie substantially one above the other) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case the first and the second cylinder opening (or the respective first and second cylinder openings) lie substantially not one above the other, in particular only partially one above the other; it can also be provided that only a first of a plurality of openings lies above a second of a plurality of openings).

[0061] The second cylinder and / or the first cylinder can be adjusted or displaced, in particular, by a servomotor. The servomotor can preferably be an electric servomotor. Preferably, the at least one generator of the tubular turbine device can supply the at least one servomotor with electrical energy. At least one of the cylinders can be at least partially integrated into the guide device.

[0062] According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one cylinder module arranged upstream of the guide device in the flow direction and displaceable in the axial direction of the tubular turbine device (or in the flow direction). The cylinder module can have at least one flow opening adjustable between a maximum cross-sectional area and a minimum cross-sectional area. In particular, the cross-sectional area through which the flow can pass can be changed by a sliding action that can be carried out in the axial direction. The displaceable cylinder module can be designed similarly to the rotatable cylinder module. Displaceable means that at least one part (first cylinder) of the cylinder module is displaceable, in particular relative to another part (second cylinder) of the cylinder module. At least one of these parts can be immovable with respect to the turbine housing.

[0063] In the present embodiment, the displaceable cylinder module can, in particular, be a cross-section adjustment module as described above. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. In particular, a change in the at least one flow opening can be effected by an axial sliding action, for example, caused by a (previously described) servomotor. The flow opening or its flow cross-section is, in particular, changeable such that the cross-sectional area is changed.

[0064] In principle, in this embodiment, a flow opening can mean a total flow opening, which can be formed from a plurality of individual flow openings.

[0065] The displaceable cylinder module can preferably comprise at least a first cylinder with at least one first cylinder opening and a second cylinder arranged in the first cylinder with at least one second cylinder opening corresponding to the first cylinder opening. In particular, at least two first and two second cylinder openings can be provided. "Corresponding" means that a first cylinder opening can be coordinated in terms of position and shape with at least one second cylinder opening, so that a flow opening with a specific cross-sectional area can be formed by the first and second cylinder openings.

[0066] By axially displacing the second cylinder in relation to the first cylinder, the cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one flow opening can be adjusted between the maximum cross-sectional area (in this case, the first and second cylinder openings (or the respective first and second cylinder openings) lie substantially one above the other) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case, the first and second cylinder openings (or the respective first and second cylinder openings) lie substantially not one above the other, in particular only partially one above the other; it can also be provided that only a first of a plurality of openings lies above a second of a plurality of openings). The second cylinder and / or the first cylinder can be adjusted or displaceable, in particular by a servomotor. The servomotor can preferably be an electric servomotor.Preferably, the at least one generator of the tubular turbine device can supply the at least one actuator with electrical energy. At least one of the cylinders can be at least partially integrated into the guide device.

[0067] In the described cylinder modules, the fluid can flow from the respective at least one (first or second) cylinder opening to the guide device, in particular to the at least one nozzle channel. In variants of the application, at least one of the cylinders can be at least partially formed by the guide device.

[0068] As already described, the cross-section adjustment device can also be integrated into the guide device. According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-section adjustment device can be formed by at least one adjustable guide vane of the guide device. For example, the nozzle channels can be formed by adjustable guide vanes. By adjusting the at least one guide vane, the flow-through cross-sectional area can be changed.

[0069] In the present embodiment, the at least one adjustable guide vane can, in particular, be a previously described cross-section adjustment module. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. In particular, a change in the at least one flow opening can be effected by adjusting a guide vane (in particular, rotating it relative to a rotation axis), in particular a plurality of guide vanes, for example, effected by a (previously described) servomotor. The flow opening or its flow cross-section is, in particular, changeable such that the cross-sectional area through which the flow is carried is changed.

[0070] Preferably, the cross-sectional adjustment device can comprise at least one adjusting mechanism (particularly in the form of an adjusting ring) that is operatively connected to the at least one guide vane of the guide device. The adjusting mechanism can, in particular, be mechanically coupled to the guide vanes, for example, via a gear mechanism.

[0071] Preferably, a servomotor can be provided, configured to adjust the adjusting mechanism, in particular to rotate the adjusting ring. The servomotor can preferably be an electric servomotor. Preferably, the at least one generator of the tubular turbine device can supply the at least one servomotor with electrical energy.

[0072] According to the invention, the cross-sectional adjustment device comprises at least one plate module with at least one blocking element arranged radially movable in a flow opening of the plate module. In particular, by radially displacing the at least one blocking element, the flow-through cross-sectional area can be changed. In particular, a hub diameter can be changed in this way.

[0073] The at least one adjustable locking element together with the plate module form the previously described cross-section adjustment module .Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be an actively operated cross-section adjustment device. In particular, a change in the at least one flow opening can be effected by adjusting a blocking element, in particular a plurality of blocking elements, each arranged in a corresponding number of flow openings of the plate module, for example, effected by a (previously described) servomotor. The at least one flow opening or its flow cross-section can be changed, in particular, such that the cross-sectional area through which the fluid can flow is changed. The surface of the plate module can run perpendicular to the flow direction.

[0074] Preferably, the at least one blocking element can be operatively connected to a gear mechanism (or a similar mechanism) that can be rotated by a servomotor. Rotation of the gear mechanism causes, in particular, a displacement of the at least one blocking element in the radial direction. In particular, a plurality of blocking elements can be operatively connected to the gear mechanism, so that a radial displacement of the plurality of blocking elements in the respective flow openings can occur simultaneously or synchronously. As described, the aforementioned embodiments can, in particular, be actively operated cross-section adjustment devices. In variants of the application, a passive module can also be provided in these examples instead of an active module. It should also be noted that a servomotor can, in principle, also be another motor, such as a hydraulic motor.

[0075] According to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-section adjustment device can comprise at least one (passive) flap module arranged in the guide device, configured to change the flow cross-section of a nozzle channel of the guide device. The at least one flap module can, in particular, be a reset flap (or reset valve).

[0076] In the present embodiment, the at least one foldable flap module can, in particular, be a previously described cross-section adjustment module. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be a passively operated cross-section adjustment device. The flap module can, in particular, be moved (continuously) between an open state (in which the flow cross-sectional area of ​​a nozzle channel substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle channel (at the location of the flap module)) and a closed state (in which the nozzle channel is at least almost closed, preferably completely closed).

[0077] Preferably, the flap module can have a reset element (e.g. a spring element, a hydraulic damper (e.g. with shock absorber oil). For example, the reset element can be integrated into the attachment point of the flap module on an inner wall of the nozzle channel. The at least one reset element is in particular matched to the tubular turbine device, in particular to a specific desired flow velocity. Depending on the instantaneous volume flow, the flow-through cross-sectional area is (automatically) changed by the fluid, which exerts a force on the flap module corresponding to the instantaneous volume flow. In particular, an optimal cross-sectional area can be set for the instantaneous volume flow.

[0078] Alternatively or additionally, according to a further embodiment of the tubular turbine device not covered by the claims, the cross-sectional adjustment device can comprise at least one valve module arranged upstream of the guide device and having at least one valve opening. By changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the valve opening, the flow-through cross-sectional area can be changed, in particular.

[0079] In the present embodiment, the at least one valve module (e.g., with one or more valves) can, in particular, be a previously described cross-section adjustment module. Such a cross-section adjustment device can preferably be a passively operated cross-section adjustment device. In variants of the application, the valve module can also comprise an actively operated cross-section adjustment device and, for example, at least one solenoid valve or an electromagnetically operated valve. This can be controlled or actuated by a control module in the manner described above.

[0080] The valve module, in particular the at least one valve, can be (continuously) adjustable between a fully open state and a closed state. Preferably, the at least one valve can have a reset element (e.g., a spring element, a hydraulic damper (e.g., with shock absorber oil). The at least one reset element is, in particular, matched to the tubular turbine device, in particular to a specific desired flow velocity.

[0081] Depending on the instantaneous flow rate, the fluid exerts a force on the valve (in particular, a valve inlet surface coupled to the return element) that corresponds to the instantaneous flow rate, automatically changing the valve opening cross-sectional area and thus the flow-through cross-sectional area. In particular, an optimal cross-sectional area can be set for the instantaneous flow rate.

[0082] In variants, a valve module can have multiple valves, each with a return element with a different return force. In this case, a different number of valves can be open or closed depending on the flow rate. Different cross-sectional areas can be adjusted.

[0083] The tubular turbine device or the turbine housing can preferably be designed such that the fluid at the housing outlet has almost the same flow direction as at the housing inlet. In particular, the turbine housing can be a straight continuation of the first transport network pipe and, in particular, of the second transport network pipe.

[0084] Optionally, the tubular turbine device can comprise a flow straightener, which can be arranged between the rotor assembly and the outlet. As already described, a guide device (also referred to as a nozzle body) is arranged upstream of the rotor assembly, which can preferably be designed as a guide wheel-like partial circular segment with preferably a plurality of guide vanes. The guide device can be made of aluminum, for example.

[0085] The guide vanes can, in particular, serve to uniformly accelerate and deflect the fluid into the rotor assembly. For example, the guide vanes form nozzle channels between them, the cross-section of which can taper in the direction of flow, thus increasing the flow velocity of the fluid in the nozzle channels. This can, in particular, achieve a nozzle effect for flow acceleration. In this context, a partial circle segment is understood to mean, in particular, that the guide device forms a circular arc. The guide device can, for example, be inserted into a partial circle-segment-shaped opening in a generator support.

[0086] A generator support for holding the at least one generator can be formed, for example, as a central disk and mounting flange for two parts of the turbine housing. The generator support can be formed, for example, as an aluminum disk with a passage for the turbine shaft and preferably have annular grooves on both sides for centering the parts of the turbine housing. The at least one generator can be flanged to one side of the generator support, so that it extends virtually suspended within a part of the turbine housing.

[0087] The at least one generator can have a brake. In particular, if the generator is disconnected from the power grid to which it feeds, the generator shaft and thus the running gear can be stopped using a brake. This prevents the generator from running idle. If the brake is no longer supplied with power, the generator can preferably be automatically disconnected from the power grid.

[0088] Furthermore, the turbine shaft can be the shaft of the generator, so that the running device can act on the generator without the need for an intermediate gear.

[0089] The impeller device can comprise an impeller with radially extending impeller blades. The impeller blades can preferably extend as an impeller blade ring over the entire outer circumference of the impeller. The impeller blades can preferably have a U- or V-shaped blade profile, for example. The blade profile can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

[0090] Furthermore, the impeller blades can be single-stage. This means, in particular, that only one ring of impeller blades is provided. The impeller blades can have a symmetrical, approximately V-shaped, cross-sectional profile and form correspondingly curved flow channels or nozzle channels between them, which preferably have a roughly constant cross-section from the inlet side to the outlet side of the impeller.

[0091] A further aspect of the invention is a method for operating a tubular turbine device according to claim 9.

[0092] Another aspect of the invention is a fluid pressure relief system for a fluid transport network according to claim 10.

[0093] As already described, the fluid transport network can be a gas transport network.

[0094] At least one transport network pipe or one transport network line can be laid at least predominantly underground.

[0095] For buried or subterranean gas pipelines, a temperature of between 8°C and 10°C can prevail year-round at a typical installation depth. The gas temperature generally corresponds to the ambient ground temperature. In one variant, several tube turbine devices can be connected in series. When several fluid pressure expansion units (also known as expansion machines) are connected in series or cascaded, the gaseous medium between the individual fluid pressure expansion units can be reheated by utilizing the geothermal potential, provided the fluid pressure expansion units are spaced appropriately apart. This allows the internal energy of the gas and the geothermal potential to be utilized simultaneously with the pressure difference.

[0096] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent fluid pressure relief systems of a fluid pressure relief system in the fluid transport network can be selected such that the temperature of the gas after a first relaxation and immediately before a further relaxation is between 8°C and 10°C.

[0097] Another application of the fluid pressure relief system is in a "gas-to-power" transmission network: electricity from wind turbines and / or photovoltaic systems is used to compress gases. If necessary, the energy stored in this way can (later) be converted back into electricity via the (inline) bulb turbine as per the application.

[0098] Yet another aspect of the invention is a use according to claim 11 of a previously described tubular turbine device for carrying out a fluid pressure relief from a first fluid pressure level to a second fluid pressure level in a fluid transport network, wherein mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by the generator.

[0099] It should be noted that a module, device, etc., in the present case, can be formed at least partially by software elements (particularly in the form of computer code executable by a processor) and / or at least partially by hardware elements (processor, memory means, actuator, etc.). Furthermore, it should be noted that expressions such as "first," "second," etc., do not indicate an order, but merely serve to distinguish between two elements.

[0100] There are now numerous possibilities for designing and further developing the tubular turbine device according to the invention, the fluid pressure relief system according to the invention, the method according to the invention, and the use according to the invention. Reference is made, on the one hand, to the claims subordinate to the independent patent claims and, on the other hand, to the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device (with a generator upstream of the guide device), Fig. 2 a schematic view of a further embodiment of a tubular turbine device (with a generator downstream of the rotor device), Fig. 3 a schematic view of a further embodiment of a tubular turbine device (with two generators (one upstream of the guide device and one downstream of the rotor device), Fig. 4a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular an adjusting disk) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 4b a further schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 4a, Fig. 5a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular a sleeve module with radial adjusting movement) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 5b a further schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 5a , Fig. 6a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular a sleeve module, axial adjustment movement) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 6b a schematic representation of the embodiment according to Figure 6a , Fig. 7a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular an adjustable guide vane) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 7b a further schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 7a , Fig. 7c a schematic diagram of the embodiment according to Figure 7a, Fig. 8a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment (in particular a plate module) of a tube turbine device according to the present invention, Fig. 8b a further schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 8a , Fig. 8c another schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 8a , Fig. 9 a schematic view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular a valve module) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 10a a schematic (sectional) view of an embodiment not falling under the claims (in particular a flap module) of a tubular turbine device, Fig. 10b a further schematic sectional view of the embodiment according to Figure 10a, Fig. 11 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a fluid pressure relief system according to the present invention, and Fig. 12 is a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention.

[0101] Similar reference numerals are used below for similar elements. Furthermore, the following exemplary embodiments always assume a gaseous medium or gas as the fluid. It is understood that the explanations are transferable to other liquid media.

[0102] The Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 100. The

[0103] Tube turbine device 100 is used to carry out a fluid pressure relaxation from a first fluid pressure level to a second fluid pressure level in a fluid transport network, wherein at the same time mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by a generator 108 of the tube turbine device 100.

[0104] The tubular turbine device 100 comprises a turbine housing 102 (e.g., made of steel or another metal). The turbine housing 102 is, in particular, substantially tubular. The turbine housing 102 has an inlet 101 and an outlet 103. In the present embodiment, the arrow 114 indicates the direction of flow of the fluid. As can be seen, the fluid flows through the housing 102 from the inlet 101 to the outlet 103 essentially without a change of direction.

[0105] The illustrated tubular turbine device 100 for a fluid transport network comprises at least one impeller 104 arranged on a turbine shaft 112. The impeller 104 may in particular comprise an impeller having a plurality of impeller blades.

[0106] Furthermore, the tubular turbine device 100 comprises at least one guide device 106 arranged upstream of the impeller 104 in the flow direction 114. The guide device 106 can in particular have a plurality of nozzle channels, which in particular impart a swirl to the gas corresponding to the blading of the impeller 104 and preferably accelerate it.

[0107] The tubular turbine device 100 comprises at least one generator 108 coupled to the turbine shaft 112, configured to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. In particular, the kinetic energy of the gas flowing through the tubular turbine device 100 is converted into electrical energy by the rotor device 104, the turbine shaft 112, and the generator 108. The generated electrical energy can, in particular, be fed into an electrical grid.

[0108] As can be seen, in the present embodiment, the generator 108 is arranged in front of the guide device 106. As already described, the generator 108 can be held or mounted "floating" in the turbine housing 102 by a generator support 111. The guide device 106 is integrated into the generator support 111 in this embodiment.

[0109] The tubular turbine device 100 further comprises at least one cross-sectional adjustment device 110. The cross-sectional adjustment device 110 is configured to change a flow-through cross-sectional area (in this case, for example, an inlet cross-sectional area) of the tubular turbine device 100 depending on the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device 100, in this case a gas. For this purpose, the cross-sectional adjustment device 110 has a cross-sectional adjustment module.

[0110] In particular, the cross-sectional area can be increased (up to a maximum possible cross-sectional area) and / or decreased (down to a minimum possible cross-sectional area) depending on the instantaneous gas volume flow. Preferably, a continuous change or adjustment of the cross-sectional area is possible. Discrete adjustment is also possible. By adjusting the cross-sectional area, the tubular turbine device 100 can be operated at an optimized operating point. The electrical energy yield can be optimized / maximized.

[0111] As further shown in the Figure 1 As can be seen, the cross-sectional adjustment device 110 is arranged in front of the guide device 106.

[0112] The Figure 2shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of a tubular turbine device 200. To avoid repetition, only the differences from the previous embodiment according to Figure 1 described and otherwise referred to the explanations for this embodiment.

[0113] As can be seen, in the present exemplary embodiment, the generator 208 is arranged behind the rotor device 204 in the flow direction 214 and is held in the turbine housing 202 in particular by means of support means 211.

[0114] The Figure 3 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of a tubular turbine device 300. To avoid repetition, only the differences from the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 and 2 described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments.

[0115] As can be seen, two generators 308.1, 308.2 are provided here. A first generator 308.1 is arranged upstream of the rotor assembly 304 in the flow direction 314, and the further generator 308.2 is arranged downstream of the rotor assembly 304 in the flow direction 314. Compared to the previous embodiments, the generators 308.1, 308.2 (and the housing) can have a smaller cross-section for a comparable overall output.

[0116] The cross-section adjustment device 310 is here (exemplarily) integrated into the generator support 311 for generator 308.1 and the guide device 306.

[0117] The Figures 4a and 4b show schematic views of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 400 not covered by the claims.

[0118] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 3described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments. Figure 4a shows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 400 and the Figure 4b a sectional view in the marked plane.

[0119] As can be seen initially, the cross-section adjustment device 410 is arranged upstream of the guide device 406. In the present case, the cross-section adjustment device 410 comprises a rotary disk module 418 and an (electric or hydraulic) actuator 420. In the present case, the actuator 420 is arranged, for example, on the generator 408 and, in particular, is fastened to the generator housing.

[0120] In the present embodiment, the turntable module 418 has a central generator opening through which the generator, which is attached to the generator support 411, protrudes. If only one generator is provided behind the running device 404, a generator opening can be omitted.

[0121] The turntable module 418 is formed in this case from two superimposed discs 422, 424, i.e., a first disc 422 and a second disc 424. The first disc 422 is rotatable relative to the second disc 424. In particular, one of the discs 422, 424 can be (mechanically) coupled to the servomotor 420 in such a way that rotation of the first disc 422 relative to the second disc 424 is effected.

[0122] As can be seen, the first disc 422 has at least one first disc opening 426, in the present case, for example, two first disc openings 426. Furthermore, the second disc 424 has at least one second disc opening 428, in the present case, for example, two second disc openings 428. The at least one first disc opening 426 corresponds in particular to the at least one second disc opening 428. In particular, the opening shape of the respective disc openings can be substantially the same.

[0123] By turning (indicated by the arrow marked with the reference number 430 in Figure 4b), the at least one flow opening 429 and thus the cross-sectional area can be changed. Thus, by rotating the second disc 424 relative to the first disc 422, the cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one flow opening 429 (formed in this case by two flow openings 429) can be adjusted between the maximum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second disc openings 426, 428 can lie substantially one above the other) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second disc openings 426, 428 do not lie substantially one above the other).

[0124] The Figures 5a and 5b show schematic views of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 500 not falling under the claims .

[0125] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 4b described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments. Figure 5a shows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 500 and the Figure 5b a sectional view in the marked plane.

[0126] The illustrated cross-sectional adjustment device 510 can comprise at least one rotatable cylinder module 532 arranged upstream of the guide device 506 in the flow direction 514. The cylinder module 532 can have at least one flow opening adjustable between a maximum cross-sectional area and a minimum cross-sectional area. In the present exemplary embodiment, the rotatable cylinder module 532 can, in particular, be a previously described cross-sectional adjustment module.

[0127] In the present embodiment, the cylinder module 532 has a central generator opening through which the generator, which is attached to the guide device 506, protrudes. If only one generator is provided behind the running device 504, a generator opening can be omitted.

[0128] Preferably, such a cross-sectional adjustment device can be an actively operated cross-sectional adjustment device. In the present case, in particular, a servo motor 520 (cf. Fig. 4 ) is provided.

[0129] Preferably, the rotatable cylinder module 532 can comprise at least a first cylinder 534 (or sleeve element) with at least one first cylinder opening 540, preferably a plurality of first cylinder openings 540. Furthermore, the rotatable cylinder module 532 comprises a second cylinder 536 (or sleeve element) arranged in the first cylinder 534 with at least one second cylinder opening 538 corresponding to the first cylinder opening 540. In particular, two second cylinder openings 538 are provided.

[0130] The actuator 520 can be (mechanically) coupled to the second cylinder 536 in such a way that it can be rotated relative to the first cylinder 534. As can be seen from the Figures 5a and 5bAs can be seen, the cross-sectional area of ​​the total flow opening (formed from a plurality of flow openings) can be changed by rotating (indicated by the arrow marked with the reference numeral 530) the second cylinder 536 in relation to the first cylinder 534.

[0131] The flow openings are formed by a second cylinder opening 538 being located above at least one first cylinder opening 540. Here, too, the total flow opening and thus the cross-sectional area can be adjustable or changeable between a maximum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second cylinder openings 538, 540 are located substantially above one another) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second cylinder openings 538, 540 are substantially not located above one another, in particular only partially above one another).

[0132] The Figures 6a and 6bshow schematic views of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 600 not falling under the claims .

[0133] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 5b described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments. Figure 6a shows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 600 and the Figure 6b a basic sectional view.

[0134] In contrast to the embodiment according to Figures 5a and 5bThe present cylinder module 642 of the cross-sectional adjustment device 610 is movable or displaceable in the axial direction (indicated by the arrow marked by reference numeral 630), in particular between a maximum and minimum axial position. In particular, a second cylinder 646 can be axially displaced relative to a first cylinder 644. For example, the second cylinder 646 can be coupled to a servomotor, so that an axial movement of the second cylinder can be effected.

[0135] As can also be seen, the total flow opening (formed from a plurality of flow openings) can be changed by axially displacing the second cylinder 646 relative to the first cylinder 644. The flow openings are formed by a second cylinder opening 648 being located above at least one first cylinder opening 650, so that the gas can flow through the corresponding cylinder openings to the guide device 606.

[0136] Here too, the total flow opening and thus the cross-sectional area can be adjustable or changeable between a maximum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second cylinder openings 648, 650 are substantially superimposed) and a minimum cross-sectional area (in this case, the respective first and second cylinder openings 648, 650 are substantially not superimposed, in particular only partially superimposed).

[0137] The Figures 7a, 7b and 7cshow schematic views of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 700 not covered by the claims (in particular, only a section is shown for the sake of a better overview).

[0138] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 6b described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments. Figure 7a shows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 700, the Figure 7b a sectional view in the marked plane and Fig. 7c a schematic diagram.

[0139] In the present exemplary embodiment, the guide device 706 and the impeller device 704 are shown in more detail by way of example. As can be seen, the impeller device 704 has a plurality of impeller blades 709 arranged on an impeller of the impeller device 704.

[0140] The guide device 706 has a plurality of nozzle channels 713. In the present embodiment, these are formed by a plurality of guide vanes 754.

[0141] In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional adjustment device 710 is at least partially integrated in the guide device 706, in particular by the adjustable guide vanes 754. In addition, the

[0142] Cross-section adjustment device 710 comprises an adjusting mechanism adjustable by a servomotor, in this case in the form of an adjusting ring 758.

[0143] A guide vane 754 is rotatable, in particular, about a rotation axis 756. In order to rotate a guide vane 754, in particular all guide vanes 754, in a synchronous manner, each guide vane 754 is (mechanically) coupled to the rotatable adjusting ring such that a rotation (indicated by the arrow marked with reference numeral 730) of the adjusting ring 758 leads to a (corresponding) rotation of all guide vanes 754. For example, the coupling is realized by a gear mechanism.

[0144] The Figure 7c shows the guide vanes 754 in two different positions (solid line and dashed line). In particular, Figure 7cIt can be seen that by rotating or adjusting the at least one guide vane 754, the cross-sectional area through which the flow can pass, in particular formed by the respective adjustable cross sections of the nozzle channels 713, can be changed. In the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one adjustable guide vane 754 can in particular be a previously described cross-sectional adjustment module 754.

[0145] The Figures 8a, 8b and 8c show schematic views of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 800 (in particular, only a section is shown for the sake of better clarity) according to the present invention.

[0146] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 7c described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments.

[0147] The Figure 8ashows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 800, Figure 8b another sectional view of the tubular turbine device 800 and Figure 8c an enlarged perspective view of a blocking element 868 of the cross-section adjustment device 810 arranged radially movably in a flow opening 866 of the plate module 864.

[0148] As can be seen, a plate module 864 represents the guide device 806. In other words, the guide device is formed by the plate module in this case. The plate module 864 comprises at least one flow opening 866, in this case a plurality of flow openings 866. A flow opening 866 corresponds to a nozzle channel of the guide device 806.

[0149] In particular, a radially movable blocking element 868 is arranged in each nozzle opening 866. The radial mobility between a maximum radial position and a (in Figure 8a-cshown) is indicated by the arrow marked with the reference numeral 830.

[0150] In addition to the plate module 864 with the nozzle openings 866, the cross-sectional adjustment device 810 in this case comprises a gear mechanism 870 which is (mechanically) coupled to the respective locking elements 868 via connecting elements 874.

[0151] Through the connecting elements 874, the at least one locking element 868 can be operatively connected to the gear mechanism 870 (or a similar mechanism) which can be rotated by the servo motor 820 (indicated by the arrow marked with the reference numeral 831).

[0152] A rotation of the gear mechanism 870 causes, in particular, a displacement of the at least one blocking element 868 in the radial direction 830. In particular, a plurality of blocking elements 868 can be operatively connected to the gear mechanism 870, so that a radial displacement of the plurality of blocking elements 868 in the respective flow openings 866 can take place simultaneously or synchronously.

[0153] In variants of the application, the plate module can also be formed by the guide device and the radially movable blocking elements can be movably arranged in flow openings of the guide device.

[0154] The Figure 9 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tubular turbine device 900 not covered by the claims.

[0155] To avoid repetition, only the differences to the previous embodiments are described below. Figures 1 to 8cdescribed and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments.

[0156] In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-section adjustment device 910 is arranged upstream of the guide device 906. Preferably, the cross-section adjustment device 910 is a passively operable cross-section adjustment device 910. In particular, a valve module 978 is provided as the cross-section adjustment module 978. The valve module 978 has at least one valve 980, in this case a plurality of valves 980.

[0157] Each valve 980 has a valve opening 982, which is (continuously) adjustable, in particular, between a completely closed (minimal) state and a completely open (maximum) state. For this purpose, each valve 980 has a return element 982, in this case in the form of a spring element 982.

[0158] It goes without saying that an oil-based damping element or the like can also be provided. When fully open, a flow channel has its maximum possible flow cross-section.

[0159] The individual valves 980 of a valve module 978 can have differently dimensioned return elements 982, so that different opening times are possible depending on the (current) volume flow.

[0160] One end of the return element 982 can be attached to the guide device 906 and an inflow surface 986 can be arranged at the other end of the return element 982.

[0161] The gas flows in flow direction 914 and, in particular, impinges on the inflow surface 986. Depending on the (instantaneous) volume flow, a corresponding force is exerted by the gas on the inflow surface 986, and, in particular, the respective valve opening 982 or valve opening cross-sectional area 982 is adjusted accordingly. In other words, the cross-sectional area is (passively) changed depending on the (instantaneous) volume flow.

[0162] In other variants, other types of valves can also be used, such as (active) solenoid valves.

[0163] The Figures 10a and 10b show schematic views of a device not covered by the claims

[0164] Embodiment of a tubular turbine device 1000 (in particular, only a section is shown for the sake of a better overview). To avoid repetition, only the differences from the previous embodiments according to Figures 1 to 9 described and otherwise referred to the explanations of these embodiments. Figure 10a shows a first sectional view of the tubular turbine device 1000 and the Figure 10b a basic sectional view.

[0165] In the illustrated embodiment, the cross-section adjustment device 1010 is arranged in the guide device 1006. Preferably, the cross-section adjustment device 1010 is a passively operable cross-section adjustment device 1010. In particular, a flap module 1088, in this case a plurality of flap modules, is provided as the cross-section adjustment module 1088.

[0166] A flap module 1088 has a movable (indicated by the arrow marked with reference numeral 1030), in particular a hinged flap 1090 with, for example, a free end and an end fastened to the inner wall of a nozzle channel 1013. Furthermore, a return element 1092 (e.g., a spring element 1092) can be fastened between an inner wall of the nozzle channel and the flap 1090. In other variants, the return element can be integrated (additionally or alternatively) into the connection point.

[0167] The gas flows in flow direction 1014 and encounters a flap 1090, in particular an inflow surface of the flap 1090. Depending on the (instantaneous) volume flow, a corresponding force is exerted by the gas on the flap 1090, and the respective flap opening 1096 or flap opening cross-sectional area 1096 is adjusted accordingly. In other words, the cross-sectional area is changed depending on the (instantaneous) volume flow.

[0168] The individual return elements 1092 can preferably be dimensioned differently so that different opening times are possible depending on the (current) volume flow.

[0169] In other variants, other types of modules can also be used in the control system, such as valves (e.g. passive valves, (active) solenoid valves, etc.).

[0170] It is understood that the above-mentioned embodiments can be at least partially combined with one another.

[0171] The Figure 11 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a fluid pressure relief system 1198 according to the present invention.

[0172] The fluid pressure relief system 1198 comprises at least one tubular turbine device according to any one of claims 1-8. For the sake of clarity, details of the tubular turbine device 1100 have been omitted from this figure.

[0173] In particular, the fluid pressure relief system 1198 comprises at least one fluid pressure relief system 1195 with a tube turbine device 1100. As already described, a plurality of fluid pressure relief systems 1195, each with a tube turbine device 1100, can be connected in series in order to utilize a specific total fluid pressure gradient.

[0174] As further stated Figure 11 As can be seen, in the present case, an inlet 1101 of the tubular turbine device 1100 is connected to a first transport network pipe 1191 having a first fluid pressure level, and an outlet 1103 of the tubular turbine device 1100 is connected to a second transport network pipe 1193 having a second fluid pressure level. The pipes 1191, 1193 are, in particular, flanged.

[0175] The second fluid pressure level, i.e. the fluid pressure level in the flow direction 1114 behind the tube turbine device 1100, is lower than the first fluid pressure level, i.e. the fluid pressure level in the flow direction 1114 upstream of the tube turbine device 1100.

[0176] The fluid pressure relief system 1198 or the tube turbine device 1100 is used in particular to carry out a fluid pressure relief from the first fluid pressure level to the second fluid pressure level in the fluid transport network 1197, wherein mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by the generator of the tube turbine device 1100.

[0177] The electrical energy can be fed into a power grid via an electrical connection 1189.

[0178] The Figure 12 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention. The method is used for operating a bulb turbine device according to any one of claims 1-8.

[0179] In a first step 1201, a fluid volume value of the tubular turbine device is provided. The at least one fluid volume value (e.g., a fluid flow velocity) can be measured by a measuring module and provided by it via a (wireless and / or wired) communication network, in particular, provided to a control module.

[0180] The provided (instantaneous and in particular continuously measured) fluid volume value can, for example, be measured by a measuring module (already arranged) in a control station of the fluid transport network and then transmitted in particular to the control module of a servo motor.

[0181] Alternatively or additionally, the tubular turbine device may comprise a measuring module configured to measure the (instantaneous) fluid volume value in the tubular turbine device, for example, behind the cross-sectional adjustment device (i.e., in particular behind the variable cross-sectional area). This

[0182] The measuring module can provide the measured fluid volume value, in particular it can be transmitted to the control module of a servo motor.

[0183] In order to provide a better overview, the measurement modules have not been shown in the previous examples.

[0184] In a further step 1202, a cross-sectional area through which flow can occur of the tube turbine device is changed or adjusted by a cross-sectional adjustment device of the tube turbine device depending on the provided fluid volume value and a predetermined fluid volume setpoint value (as previously described).

[0185] In particular, a control module can control a servo motor in such a way that the cross-sectional area is changed depending on the detected difference between the provided fluid volume value and a predetermined fluid volume setpoint, as previously described.

[0186] A fluid volume setpoint can be specified such that the tubular turbine device operates (always, or at least almost always) at the optimal operating point. The electrical energy yield can be further improved. The control module can, for example, be integrated into the actuator. The actuator can be controlled, in particular regulated, such that the fluid hitting the impeller always has the optimal flow velocity, particularly for performance optimization.

Claims

1. A tubular turbine device (800) for a fluid transport network (1197), comprising: - at least one running equipment (804) arranged on a turbine shaft (812), - at least one guiding equipment (806) arranged upstream of the running equipment (804), and - at least one generator (808) coupled to the turbine shaft (812) and configured to convert a mechanical energy into electrical energy, - at least one cross-section adjustment equipment (810) configured to change a cross-sectional area of the tubular turbine device (800) that can be flowed through depending on the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device (800), characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) comprises at least one plate module (864) with at least one blocking element (868) arranged radially movably in a through-flow opening (866) of the plate module (864).

2. The tubular turbine device (800) according to claim 1, characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) is configured to reduce the cross-sectional area that can be flowed through by the fluid when the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device (800) is reduced, and / or - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) is configured to increase the cross-sectional area that can be flowed through by the fluid when the volume flow of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device (800) increases.

3. The tubular turbine device (800) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - the cross-sectional adjustment equipment (810) is configured to change the cross-sectional area through which fluid can flow such that the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the tubular turbine device (800) through the cross-sectional area remains substantially the same.

4. The tubular turbine device (800) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) is a passively operated cross-section adjustment equipment (810).

5. The tubular turbine apparatus (800) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) is an actively operated cross-section adjustment equipment (810).

6. The tubular turbine apparatus (800) according to claim 5, characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) comprises at least one cross-section adjustment module adjustable by a servomotor (820) and configured to change the cross-sectional area that can be flowed through, and - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) comprises at least one control module configured to control the servomotor depending on a provided fluid volume value and a predetermined fluid volume set point.

7. The tubular turbine apparatus (800) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) is integrated in the guiding equipment (806).

8. The tubular turbine device (800) according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that - the cross-sectional area that can be flowed through is changeable by displacing the at least one blocking element (868) in the radial direction.

9. A method for operating a tubular turbine device (800), in particular a tubular turbine device (800) according to one of the previous claims, wherein the tubular turbine device (800) comprises at least one running equipment (804), at least one guiding equipment (806) arranged upstream of the running equipment (804) in the direction of flow, and at least one generator (812) coupled to the turbine shaft (808) and configured to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy, the method comprising: - providing a fluid volume value of the tubular turbine device (800), and - changing, by a cross-sectional adjustment equipment (810) of the tubular turbine device (800), a cross-sectional area of the tubular turbine device (800) that can be flowed through depending on a provided fluid volume value and a predetermined fluid volume set point, - wherein the cross-section adjustment equipment (810) comprises at least one plate module (864) with at least one blocking element (868) arranged radially movably in a through-flow opening (866) of the plate module (864).

10. A fluid pressure release system (1198) for a fluid transport network (1197), in particular a gas pressure release system (1198) for a gas transport network (1197), comprising: - at least one tubular turbine device (800) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, - wherein an inlet (1101) of the tubular turbine device (800) is connected to a first transport network pipe (1191) having a first fluid pressure level and an outlet (103) of the tubular turbine device (800) is connected to a second transport network pipe (1193) having a second fluid pressure level, - wherein the second fluid pressure level is less than the first fluid pressure level.

11. A use of a tubular turbine device (800) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 for performing a fluid pressure release from a first fluid pressure level to a second fluid pressure level in a fluid transport network (1197), wherein mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy by the generator (808).