Motor drive unit

Abstract

This invention provides a motor with improved power supply efficiency for motor driving, which actively generates photon electromotive force and inputs this electrical energy into the motor. [Solution] The system consists of a battery 1, a switching element 2, a diode bridge 4, wiring A connecting these in a loop, a high-frequency generator 3 that turns the switching element ON / OFF at a high frequency of 20kHz or higher, wiring B that carries the DC current converted by the diode bridge, and a DC motor 11 powered by this wiring B. Since there is a small capacitor between the two terminals of the switching element, a photon electromotive force is generated by changing the voltage across both ends at a high frequency, and the current generated by this electromotive force is converted to DC by the diode bridge and input to the DC motor, significantly improving the motor output (motor efficiency) relative to the battery power consumption.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a motor drive device that improves the efficiency of a motor. [Background technology]

[0002] Motors are used in many moving machines, such as home appliances, automobiles, trains, and factory production sites. However, their efficiency is only about 70%, except for specialized types. While improvements are being made daily, significant improvements are not expected due to the copper loss in the coils and mechanical losses that inevitably occur when rotating a motor. Meanwhile, Japan's energy situation today is such that, for the time being, it has no choice but to rely on underground resources such as oil and natural gas. This is because nuclear power plants are difficult to expand due to safety and nuclear waste disposal issues, renewable energy sources such as solar power are dependent on weather and cannot serve as a base load power source, and nuclear fusion, while considered a radical solution, will still take time. For a country like Japan, which relies almost entirely on imports for these resources, the security of maritime transport of oil and natural gas is an extremely serious issue. [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0003] [Non-Patent Document 1] Kaoru Sasabe and Toshimi Adachi, "Construction of Quantum Mechanics for Photons and its Relationship to Maxwell's Equations," Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Vol. 109, No. 2, 1989, pp. 49-55 (and the references cited herein). [Non-Patent Document 2] LDLandau, EMLifshitz (translated by Jihiro Yoshimura et al.), Quantum Mechanics, Mashobo, 2009, p103 [Non-Patent Document 3] LDLandau, EMLifshitz (translated by Jihiro Yoshimura et al.), Quantum Mechanics, Mashobo, 2009, p371-375 [Non-Patent Document 4] R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton, M.L. Sands (translated by Shigenobu Sunagawa), Feynman Lectures on Physics IV: Quantum Mechanics, Iwanami Shoten, 2000, p. 448. [Non-Patent Document 5] Koichi Ohta, Fundamentals of Electromagnetism II, University of Tokyo Press, 2012, p. 372. [Non-Patent Document 6] Koichi Ohta, Fundamentals of Electromagnetism II, University of Tokyo Press, 2012, p. 256. [Non-Patent Document 7] "The Complete Guide to the Latest Motor Technology" by Kan Akatsu, Natsume Publishing, 2012, p. 33 [Non-Patent Document 8] Hiroo Kumagai and Taiji Arakawa, Electromagnetism, Asakura Shoten, 1967, pp. 179-181. [Non-Patent Document 9] "The Complete Guide to the Latest Motor Technology" by Kan Akatsu, Natsume Publishing, 2012, p. 204. [Non-Patent Document 10] "The Complete Guide to the Latest Motor Technology" by Kan Akatsu, Natsume Publishing, 2012, pp. 220-223. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0004] To fundamentally solve these energy problems, it is important to return to the basics of physics and devise new solutions from there. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] This specification first presents a complex electromagnetic field theory and then shows a concrete solution using a photon quantum electromotive force generation system that utilizes this theory. This system generates energy by creating a photon quantum current internally, but when viewed across the entire range of photons scattering into space at the speed of light, an amount of energy equal to the generated energy is lost, thus the law of conservation of energy holds. In other words, it can be viewed as transferring and utilizing a portion of the energy of outer space to this system, and this phenomenon does not contradict conventional physics. The experimental data is highly reproducible, and the photon quantum electromotive force generation itself is no different from general physical phenomena. The key point of the complex electromagnetic field theory is that the physical variables in the microscopic quantum mechanical world are complex numbers, but if electromagnetics, which deals with macroscopic physical phenomena, is also described by complex variables, it becomes possible to represent the integration of the microscopic world (quantum mechanics) and the macroscopic world (electromagnetics), and it also becomes possible to theoretically clarify phenomena that have been overlooked conventionally (such as the generation of the photovoltaic effect). First, the imaginary world with reversed time will be explained.

[0006] The complex electromagnetic field theory will be explained below. As shown in Non-Patent Document 1, there are already many complex electromagnetic field theories that assume the electric field as a real number and the magnetic field as an imaginary number, but this theory is the first to claim that the time of the imaginary field is reversed. Consider the real world and the imaginary world described by four-dimensional spacetime coordinates. First, the real world is considered as a four-dimensional spacetime world of three-dimensional space (x, y, z) and time t. Similarly, the imaginary world is also considered as a four-dimensional world of three-dimensional space (x, y, z) and time t m shared with the real world. The phenomena in the real world can be described by the function E(x, y, z, t), and the phenomena in the imaginary world can be described by the function B m (x, y, z, t m ). Assume that the absolute value of the time t m in the imaginary world is equal to the time t in the real world and the sign is opposite. That is, the time in the imaginary world is considered to run backward. Therefore, the overall phenomenon C h of the real world and the imaginary world can be described as follows.

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[0007] By developing a complex electromagnetic field theory that assumes electric fields exist in the real world and magnetic fields exist in the imaginary world (where time is reversed), and that both overlap in a common three-dimensional space, Maxwell's equations can be expressed in an extremely simple form. A system of solutions with the Schrödinger equation, under similar assumptions, can be easily derived, and this solution can be used as the wave function of light quanta. Furthermore, since magnetic quantity (imaginary) × magnetic quantity (imaginary) = real, the theory can be measured mathematically and physically. Here, we find the solution to the system of Maxwell's equations and Schrödinger's equation. Let E be the electric field in the real world and B be the magnetic field in the imaginary world. m Magnetic field B m In the real number world, B a It shall be recognized as such. The ability to measure magnetic force and magnetic energy arising in the imaginary world is due to the equation: Magnetic quantity (imaginary) × Magnetic quantity (imaginary) = Force or energy (real). Therefore, it does not contradict conventional electromagnetism. Imaginary numbers with reversed time can be mathematically handled by the aforementioned sign alternation rule. With the above preparations in place, we will find the simultaneous solution to Maxwell's equations and Schrödinger's equation. Here, Maxwell's equations refer to the electromagnetic wave equations in free space where no electric charge or current exists, and are represented by equations 10 and 11. The negative sign on the right-hand side of Maxwell's equation in equation 10 indicates the projection function B. a This is a manifestation of the sign alternation law through time differentiation. In other words, it can be said that Maxwell's equations express the sign alternation law from the very beginning.

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[0008] Thus, using complex electromagnetic field theory clarifies the meaning of light quanta, enabling entirely different interpretations from the conventional probabilistic view. Equation 24 is F at any given time. x ,F y ,F z This means that the relative positions of the elements in the complex plane are as shown in Figure 2. TIFF2026072040000029.tif8107

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[0009] The above is an explanation of the complex electromagnetic field theory and the electromagnetic charge of light quanta derived from it. Aside from treating the magnetic field as an imaginary world where time is reversed, it is a theory within the framework of existing physics. It is not possible to definitively deny that the magnetic field is an imaginary world where time is reversed; rather, since energy generation has been demonstrated by the experimental results of the present invention described later, we must acknowledge that "the magnetic field is an imaginary world where time is reversed." The above are natural phenomena and therefore not considered patentable. When considering future system concepts and engineering applications, it is more important to consider the electric field E and magnetic field B rather than the entire wave function C of the light quantum. a Explicitly stating this improves clarity and is helpful for hardware design. First, we rewrite Maxwell's equations to include the presence of magnetic charges. Non-patent document 5 introduces the equations derived by Heaviside, which assume the existence of magnetic monopoles. These equations describe Maxwell's equations in a form that considers magnetic charges and magnetic currents in addition to electric charge and current, so we will use this as a reference. Here, the equations are in the form of electrons and currents and equations derived by analogy from them, while on the other hand, the photon beam charge ρ obtained from equation 25 is also relevant. r and ρ m Since the amplitudes are equal, considering this condition, Maxwell's equations when magnetic charges are also present become the following equations, which exhibit excellent symmetry. Here too, the sign alternation rule applies to the projection function B a and magnetic charge q am The time derivative of has a reversed sign.

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[0010] First, an electric field is generated at opposing electrodes to create a photon quantum current. However, if free electrons are present at this stage, interaction with the photon quantum current is a concern, so it is desirable to fill the space between the electrodes with an insulator or to create a vacuum so that no free electrons exist. Generally, a capacitor element satisfies this condition, as shown in Figure 6. TIFF2026072040000039.tif16153 The electric field E p This occurs. Also, the electric field E p Since it is added, the electric field E c The capacitor voltage V changes, and the current I changes accordingly. c The change is the photon quantum electromotive force V p Corresponding. I in the diagram d This is the conventional current when there is no photon effect, I p This is the electric current generated by the photon effect, and the following relationship holds true.

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[0011] The motor-driven power supply device of the present invention will increase the ratio of motor output to battery power consumption (efficiency) from the current approximately 70% to more than double, thereby saving energy, significantly increasing Japan's energy self-sufficiency rate, and ensuring energy security. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] We have achieved a function to utilize the electrical energy generated by photon electromotive force for motor drive with the minimum number of components and at low cost. [Examples]

[0013] Figure 10 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. The system consists of a battery 1, a switching element 2, a diode bridge 4 (Non-Patent Literature 7), wiring 9 connecting them in a loop, a high-frequency generator 3 that switches the switching element 2 ON / OFF at high frequency, wiring 10 that carries the DC-converted current through the diode bridge, and a DC motor 11 powered by this wiring 10. If a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MosFET) is selected as the switching element 2, its configuration consists of a gate terminal 12, a drain terminal 13, a source terminal 14, an oxide insulating film 15, a P-type semiconductor 16, and N-type semiconductors 17 and 18, as shown in the detailed diagram in the figure. In this case, as shown in the equivalent model in the figure, a small capacitor exists between the two terminals 13 and 14 of the switching element in parallel with its original switching function, and the present invention utilizes this capacitor. The current flowing from wiring 10 through the top of the diode bridge exits downwards via diode 7 → motor → diode 8, while the current flowing upwards from the bottom of the diode bridge exits upwards via diode 5 → motor → diode 6. This ensures that current flows through the motor in the same direction. In conventional circuit theory, there is little benefit in further converting a battery, which is intermittently controlled by a switching element, to DC through a diode bridge. However, the capacitor between the two terminals of the switching element causes an electric field that corresponds to the electric field E in equation 28A, and from A→D→E in equation 28, V p This occurs, and this causes an alternating current I in the wiring 9. p This generates an alternating current I. p Converted to DC using a diode bridge, resulting in a DC current |I p This is input to the DC motor as |. As a result, the DC current I generated by the battery voltage in wiring 10 d This |I p| is added, increasing the motor output. On the other hand, in wiring 9, the alternating current I before being rectified into direct current by the diode bridge p flows. This is also the direct current I generated by the battery voltage d is added to it, but since it is alternating current, it does not directly contribute to increasing the battery discharge current. Through the above actions, the motor output (motor efficiency) with respect to the battery power consumption can be significantly improved. Specifically, if a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MosFET) is selected as the switching element, there is a slight capacitor of about 2 nF between the drain terminal 13 and the source terminal 14. Focusing on this, a high-frequency voltage of about 60 kHz is generated between the drain terminal and the source terminal, thereby generating a photovoltaic electromotive force. The current generated by this electromotive force is alternating current, and a mechanism is devised to rectify it with a diode bridge and input it to the motor. Here, the battery power consumption P B is calculated from the time average of the product of the battery voltage V bat and the current in wiring 9, which is I d +I p The input power P to the motor can presumably be calculated from the time average of the product of the DC voltage V applied to the motor M and I d +|I p |. However, there is a special problem with the photovoltaic electromotive force here, and a measurement method needs to be devised to avoid it. This point will be explained in Figures 11 and 12.

[0014] Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram of the pointing vector (Non-Patent Document 8) showing the electric field and the flow of energy when the conventional current I d and the current I p generated by the photovoltaic electromotive force V p flow through the resistor. First, looking at the case when the normal current I d flows in (a), if the current distribution is uniform across the conductor cross-section, the electric field E r is also uniform, and on the conductor surface, B r is stretched concentrically. Therefore, inside the conductor surface, the pointing vector S rThe energy is directed inward, perpendicular to the surface. This means that the energy of the electromagnetic field penetrates inward through the surface, which can be interpreted as Joule heating. Next, the current I (b) p If the following occurs, then the following events ▲1▼ to ▲4▼ will occur. ▲1▼ When a high-frequency voltage is applied to a capacitor, a photon electromotive force V is generated. p This occurs. ▲2▼ Current I due to photon electromotive force p It flows through the resistor. ▲3▼ I p As the current moves through the resistor, it consumes momentum, and some of it returns to normal current while creating an electric field E in the opposite direction. p We will also make this and magnetic field B p This results in an outward pointing vector S p This is generated. This becomes electromagnetic radiation energy. ▲4▼ The voltage and photon electromotive force V that produce this electromagnetic radiation p V is a good match. p It cannot be measured. Therefore, the resistor is I p Even when current flows, no voltage drop occurs as with conventional currents. p It cannot be measured correctly.

[0015] Figure 12 shows multiple resistors R i Conventional current I d and current I p Each resistor R when the current flows i Voltage V across the terminals i and each resistor R i Current I when passing through d ,I p This diagram illustrates the changes. As indicated in the caption in the diagram, I p The momentum of I decreases due to electromagnetic radiation. p Since some of it returns to normal current, ΔI1 becomes ΣΔI n The conventional current will gradually increase. The relationship is V1 = R1(I d +ΔI1),V2=R2(I d +ΔI1+ΔI2),··,V n =R n (I d +ΣΔIn ) is expressed as. Therefore, ΣV i ≠(I d +I p )ΣR i Therefore, Ohm's law does not hold for the whole, V i Even if you measure it, you cannot calculate the current value from it. As described above, the photon electromotive force V p and I p Since it cannot be measured correctly, to avoid this problem, battery power consumption P B The measurement of the power P supplied to the motor is carried out using the following method.

[0016] Figure 13 shows the method for measuring battery power consumption. I explained in Figures 11 and 12 p Due to the difficulty of measurement, P B For the measurement, we chose the method of directly measuring power consumption from the V-SOC (charge state %) curve. The voltage at point A in Figure 13 is V A The battery is charged to this state, and the voltage drop ΔV after time ΔT1 of energization is measured in the circuit shown in the supplementary diagram (top) on the right of the same figure. From this, the time ΔT1 and the energy ΔU consumed by the battery during this time are calculated. B1 The following relationships exist:

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[0017] Figure 14 shows the method for measuring the power input to the motor. Similarly, the motor input power P was estimated using a method based on the previously measured P-Nrpm curve of the motor under no load. First, the DC power supply voltage V shown in the supplementary diagram (above) on the right of the figure...M The input power P=V is set in stages. M ×I M Measure the motor rotation at N rpm and obtain the P-N rpm diagram shown on the left beforehand. Next, measure the motor rotation N rpm under the no-load control state shown in the supplementary diagram (below) on the right of the same figure. This allows you to determine the motor power P using the illustrated procedure.

[0018] Using this measurement method resolves the problems shown in Figures 11 and 12, enabling accurate measurements. The measurement results are shown in Figure 15. The battery was a 22V lithium-ion battery, and the motor had the specifications shown in Figure 16, which was driven under no-load conditions. The frequency of the high-frequency generator was determined through several trial experiments to improve system performance (P / P). B The frequency range where this is maximized was selected as 60 kHz. The horizontal axis shows the type of switching element used (N-type MosFET, P-type MosFET, N-type IGBT) and the system performance P / P for each type. B The vertical axis shows the system performance P / P. B Battery power consumption P B This is the ratio of the power P input to the motor. Therefore, if you select the highest-performing product from the five N-type MosFETs shown in the figure, P / P B = 1.8, and in this case, if a motor with 75% efficiency is driven, the efficiency can be increased to 1.8 × 75 = 135%. Furthermore, the fact that even elements with the same manufacturer's part number can have such different performance levels indicates that the generation of photon electromotive force differs for each individual switching element. In other words, even elements with the same specifications will have different γ1 and γ2 values ​​in equations 28A and B. This is a natural consequence because semiconductor manufacturers lack the concept and understanding of photon electromotive force, and therefore it is not reflected in their design and manufacturing specifications. Conversely, this means that if these photon electromotive force generation factors can be identified and optimized, further performance improvements are possible.

[0019] Figure 16 is a simulation model used to check the validity of the aforementioned measurement results. The motor parameters used are those of the experimental machine: armature inductance L=1mH, armature resistance R=1.5Ω, and rotor inertia J. m = 6 × 10 -5 Kgm 2 , rotational resistance constant C m = 1.5 × 10 -4 Nm / sec, torque constant K t = 0.07 Nm / A, induced voltage constant K e = 0.07V / (rad / sec). Here, the photon electromotive force V p Since it is alternating current, the current I produced by it p Although the current in wiring 9 is AC, it is converted to DC by the DC circuit, so the current I generated by the battery voltage in wiring 10 d It can be considered as being added to this, and the model adopts this approach. The voltage applied to the motor in Figure 10 is the photon electromotive force V p Taking that into consideration, V M Although it was displayed as such, here the current I p Since it is determined and added, the motor applied voltage side is V p Excluding the minus, the net battery voltage is V a (t) is used.

[0020] Figure 17 compares the simulation results from the simulation model with the experimental results. (a) shows the experimental results, in which the highest-performing switching element was selected from the five N-type MosFETs shown in Figure 15. (b) shows the results of a simulation using the model in Figure 16. Here, in the graph of (a), P B P represents battery power consumption and is measured using the method described above, while P represents the power input to the motor and is measured using the method described above. bat |I| is the battery discharge current. p | is a DC current flowing through the motor, caused by photon electromotive force. Neither can be directly measured experimentally, so I bat Regarding I bat =P B / V bat Calculated from |I pRegarding |, first of all |I p |+I bat =P / (K t Nrpm (2π / 60) is calculated and from this I bat It is derived by subtracting [a certain factor]. Regarding the simulation, |I p Assuming | is a constant DC value, we change this value to Nrpm, P,P B The value was calculated. bat The calculation for this was performed using the method described above. From this, a good quantitative and qualitative correspondence was observed between the simulation results and the experimental results, indicating that this model faithfully reproduces the performance of the present invention. Note that here, I bat The I flow through the wiring 9 shown in Figure 10. d +I p The DC component is I p The DC component is considered to be small, so I bat The current I generated by the battery voltage d It can be considered the same thing. What we should note here is, |I p | Changes I bat +|I p | is approximately constant, i.e., |I p Regardless of |the motor output is almost constant|I p | If you increase the battery discharge current I bat It decreases monotonically, and according to the simulation, |I p This means that if you increase the current to 0.35A, the battery power consumption will become zero. Based on the above, it has been confirmed that the present invention is a completely new motor drive device based on the complex electromagnetic field theory shown in Figures 1 to 9, and that it can significantly improve motor efficiency. [Examples]

[0021] Figure 18 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of implementing speed or torque control. The battery 1, switching element 2, diode bridge 4, wiring 9 connecting them in a loop, wiring 10 carrying the DC current converted by the diode bridge, and the DC motor 11 powered by this wiring 10 are the same as in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, in addition to these, there is a high-frequency generator 20 that has the function of controlling the duty cycle (ratio of pulse width to period) for the pulses that turn the switching element 2 ON / OFF at a high frequency, a control device 24 that generates a signal 26 that indicates the duty cycle, a target rotational speed or target torque generator 25, a rotational speed sensor or torque sensor 22 provided on the drive shaft 21 of the motor 11, and a load 23 that is rotated by the drive shaft. The control device 24 calculates and outputs a duty cycle control signal 26 from the difference between the signal of the target rotational speed or target torque generator 25 and the signal of the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor 22 so that each sensor signal value approaches the respective target value. Figure 19 shows the relationship between duty cycle and performance, and the relationship between switching frequency and performance, which were experimentally determined by selecting the highest-performing P-type MosFET from the four P-type MosFETs shown in Figure 15 as the switching element. (a) and (b) are P / P when the switching frequency is 60 kHz and the motor is unloaded. B These are experimental data showing how the value of Nrpm changes with the duty cycle, and how Nrpm changes with the duty cycle. From this, the system performance P / P can be determined by duty cycle control. B It can be seen that the motor speed N can be controlled without changing I. By controlling the duty cycle, the current flowing into the motor can be controlled, and this has been experimentally confirmed to allow for more appropriate control of motor speed and torque according to the load conditions. However, if the load is increased I p Even if I bat As the load increases, performance tends to deteriorate, so element design and control design tailored to the load conditions are important, just as with other electrical machinery. (c) System performance P / P B This is experimental data showing the relationship between the switching frequency and the photon electromotive force. From this result, the effect of photon electromotive force can be maximized (system performance P / P BIt was found that in order to maintain the performance at over 90% of its maximum value, the switching frequency needs to be 20 kHz or higher. [Examples]

[0022] Figure 20 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. This is an example of speed control or torque control when the motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor (Non-Patent Document 9). The battery 1, switching element 2, high-frequency generator 3 that turns the switching element 2 ON / OFF at high frequency, diode bridge 4, wiring 9 connecting them in a loop, and wiring 10 that carries the DC current converted by the diode bridge are the same as in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, a permanent magnet synchronous motor 29 is used instead of a DC motor, and an inverter 27, inverter control device 30, and smoothing capacitor 32 for smoothing the inverter input voltage are provided accordingly. The target rotational speed or target torque generator 25, the motor drive shaft 21, the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor 22 provided thereon, and the load 23 rotated by the drive shaft are the same as in Embodiment 2. The control device calculates and outputs an inverter control signal 31 from the difference between the signal of the target rotational speed or target torque generator 25 and the signal of the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor 22 so that each sensor signal value approaches the respective target value. The configuration of the inverter 27 and inverter control device 30 is the same as that described in Non-Patent Document 10. The inverter 27 and inverter control device 30 allow control of the current flowing to the motor, enabling the motor to be controlled at an appropriate rotational speed or torque according to the load conditions, similar to Example 2. Furthermore, since Example 3 uses a permanent magnet synchronous motor 29 driven by the inverter 27, it offers better motor efficiency and higher torque compared to a DC motor. Its simple structure makes it easy to mass-produce, and its long lifespan makes it promising for applications in electric vehicles. Depending on the purpose, the permanent magnet synchronous motor 29 may be replaced with another type of three-phase input motor. Alternatively, the battery 1, switching element 2, high-frequency generator 3, diode bridge 4, wiring 9, wiring 10, and smoothing capacitor 32 can be disconnected, allowing the system to be used as a general-purpose DC power supply for various applications. [Industrial applicability]

[0023] This invention is an extremely simple and inexpensive device that inserts a switching element and a diode bridge between the battery and the motor, and switches the switching element ON / OFF with high-frequency pulses. Despite its low cost, it can drive with less than half the energy of conventional motor drive systems due to the effect of photon electromotive force. For example, if applied to electric vehicles, the driving range per charge could more than double, and if applied to household electrical appliances, it could contribute to a significant reduction in electricity costs. Thus, its industrial applicability is extremely high. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0024] [Figure 1] This diagram shows the relationship between the real number world and the imaginary number world. [Figure 2] This figure shows the spatial relationship of the spatial terms in the light quantum wave function. [Figure 3] This figure shows a model of a beam-shaped rotating electromagnetic load. [Figure 4] This figure shows a classical thought experiment model of beam-shaped charge. [Figure 5] This is a diagram illustrating the generation mechanism of optical quantum current. [Figure 6] This diagram illustrates the generation of photon electromotive force within a capacitor. [Figure 7] This diagram shows the photon quantum current and electron current in the capacitor plate and conductor section. [Figure 8] This is a block diagram of the photon electromotive force generation mechanism within a capacitor. [Figure 9] This diagram illustrates the energy conservation law for photon currents. [Figure 10] This is an explanatory diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] This diagram illustrates the difficulty in measuring photon electromotive force and the resulting electric current. [Figure 12] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating why Ohm's law does not hold true when there is photon electromotive force and the resulting electric current. [Figure 13] This is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring battery power consumption when there is photon electromotive force and the resulting current. [Figure 14] This is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring the motor input power when photon electromotive force and the resulting current are present. [Figure 15] This figure shows the performance evaluation results of the DC motor drive device of the present invention. [Figure 16] This figure shows a simulation model of the drive device and DC motor of the present invention. [Figure 17] This figure shows comparative data of experimental and simulated results for the drive device and DC motor of the present invention. [Figure 18] This figure shows a second embodiment of the present invention, which involves speed control or torque control when driving a load. [Figure 19] This figure shows experimental data illustrating the relationship between duty cycle and performance, and the relationship between switching frequency and performance. [Figure 20] This figure shows an example of speed control or torque control when the motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, as a third embodiment of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0025] 1 Battery 2 Switching elements 3. High-frequency generator 4 Diode Bridge 5 diodes 6 diodes 7 diodes 8 diodes 9 Wiring 10 Wiring 11 DC motors 12 Gate terminals 13 Drain terminal 14 Source terminals 15 Oxide insulating film 16 P-type semiconductor 17 N-type semiconductor 18 N-type semiconductor 20. Duty Cycle Controlled High-Frequency Pulse Generator 21 Motor drive shaft 22. Rotational speed / torque sensor 23 load 24 Control device 25 Target rotational speed / torque generator 26. Duty cycle control signal 27 Inverter 28 Motor-driven three-phase wiring 29 Permanent magnet synchronous motor 30 Inverter control device 31 Inverter control signal 32 smoothing capacitors

Claims

1. A motor drive device characterized by comprising a battery, a motor, a switching element in series with the motor in the wiring connecting them, a tiny capacitor in parallel between the terminals of the switching element, a high-frequency generator that turns the switching element ON / OFF at a high frequency of 20 kHz or higher, thereby intermittently interrupting the current flowing through the wiring at a high frequency and generating an AC voltage in the tiny capacitor element between the terminals of the switching element, and converting the resulting AC current into DC by a diode bridge installed between the motor and the switching element and applying it to the motor.

2. A motor drive device characterized in that, according to claim 1, the switching element and the capacitor installed in parallel therewith are replaced with a metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

3. The DC motor drive device according to claim 2, wherein the motor is a DC motor, a high-frequency generator of 20 kHz or higher is provided with a function to control the duty cycle by an external control signal, a control device that generates the duty cycle control signal is added to this, a target rotational speed or target torque command value generator is added, the DC motor is provided with a drive shaft and connected to a load, a rotational speed sensor or torque sensor is provided on the drive shaft of the DC motor, and the control device calculates and outputs a duty cycle control signal from the difference between the target rotational speed or target torque command value and the signal of the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor so that each sensor signal value approaches each target value.

4. Claim 3 is characterized in that a three-phase input motor is used instead of a DC motor, an inverter and inverter control device are provided accordingly, and a smoothing capacitor is provided in parallel with the inverter to stabilize the voltage to the inverter side. The battery, switching element, high-frequency generator that turns the switching element ON / OFF at a high frequency of 20 kHz or higher, diode bridge, wiring connecting these, and wiring that carries the DC current converted by the diode bridge are the same as in Claim 1. Also, the target rotational speed or target torque command value generator, the motor drive shaft, the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor provided thereon, and the load rotated by the drive shaft are the same as in Claim 2. The control device calculates and outputs an inverter control signal from the difference between the target rotational speed or target torque command value and the signal from the rotational speed sensor or torque sensor so that each sensor signal value approaches each target value.

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