Solar cell module and solar power generation system with ice melting function

Abstract

Since low temperatures and weather conditions have an adverse effect on the performance of solar cells, a solar cell module and a solar power generation system having an ice-melting function for use in cold regions are provided. [Solution] A solar cell module and solar power generation system with an ice-melting function for use in cold regions stores part of the power generated by the solar cell in a flexible lithium ceramic battery. When the solar cell module encounters a temperature lower than the freezing point, the power in the flexible lithium ceramic battery is controlled to be released to a conductive heating film layer to generate heat, which melts the ice crystals on the surface of the solar cell module. Using a flexible lithium ceramic battery instead of a separate snow removal and ice melting device reduces costs.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a solar power generation system, and more particularly to a solar cell module and a solar power generation system having an ice-melting function. [Background technology]

[0002] A solar cell is a device that converts light energy into electrical energy, also called a photovoltaic cell. The working principle of a solar cell is based on the photoelectric effect, where when sunlight shines on the surface of the solar cell, photons collide with the semiconductor material and excite electrons, generating an electric current. This electrical energy can be captured and stored for daily electrical use and storage purposes. At present, solar cell technology is very mature and has a wide range of applications. Solar cell technology is widely used in residential, commercial and industrial areas to meet the demand for electricity. Many countries and regions are promoting solar power generation, which helps to reduce the dependence on traditional fossil fuels. They also help combat climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Solar cells are becoming more attractive as their costs continue to fall while their performance continues to improve. In addition, the constant innovation of technologies such as single-crystalline solar cells, thin-film solar cells, and organic solar cells is helping to expand the range of applications. Furthermore, solar cells are used to provide reliable power supply in many remote areas or areas with unstable power grids. As a clean and renewable energy source, solar cells are constantly changing the energy industry and making important contributions to sustainable development.

[0003] Solar cells do not face many challenges when used in tropical or subtropical regions. However, when used in cold regions, they face several challenges that affect their operation. This is mainly because low temperatures and weather conditions have a detrimental effect on the performance of solar cells. First, low temperatures reduce the performance of solar cells. This is because the voltage of the solar cells drops and the current decreases, resulting in a decrease in the output power. In addition, snow and frost, which are common in cold regions, can cover the surface of solar cells, further reducing light absorption and reducing the amount of electricity generated. In addition, extremely low temperatures can damage the physical performance of solar cells and shorten their lifespan. To address these issues, cold regions may need to implement more thermal measures, such as heating systems, for solar power systems to ensure that the solar cells can operate normally even in extreme cold conditions. Regular cleaning of the surface of the solar modules to remove snow and frost is also useful for improving performance, but whether using an external heat retention device or snow and frost removal equipment, it will be a significant expense for the overall layout of the solar power generation system. Furthermore, using most of the electrical energy obtained from solar cells to maintain the ambient temperature is by no means a rational approach. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In order to solve the problems that solar cells face when used in cold regions, the present invention proposes a solar cell module and a solar power generation system that have an ice-melting function. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] Certain features of the invention are summarized herein and compiled, and other features are disclosed in subsequent paragraphs, with the intention of covering all such modifications and similar arrangements within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solar cell module having an ice-thawing function. The solar cell module includes a substrate including a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, the substrate having a plurality of through holes formed in a portion of the first region adjacent to the second region, a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) fixed below the first region and having a positive contact and a negative contact, a first adhesive layer laid and adhered above the first region, a conductive heating film layer located above the first adhesive layer and adhered to the substrate via the first adhesive layer, a second adhesive layer laid and adhered above the conductive heating film layer, and a plurality of solar cells consolidated within the second adhesive layer, the solar cells being electrically connected in parallel and / or series to output electrical energy converted from solar energy through a positive wire and a negative wire, the positive wire extending from the second adhesive layer and passing through one of the through holes to be electrically connected to the positive contact and a positive terminal of a load, and the negative wire extending from the second adhesive layer and passing through another of the through holes to be electrically connected to the negative contact and The battery includes a plurality of solar cells electrically connected to the negative terminal of the load, a waterproof film layer that adheres to the upper side of the second adhesive layer and prevents moisture from penetrating into the structure below, a third adhesive layer that is laid and adhered to the upper side of the waterproof film layer, a highly light-transmitting and light-collecting ETFE layer that has a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions on its upper surface and has a light-amplifying structure with a wave-shaped cross section formed by the plurality of protrusions, that adheres to the upper side of the third adhesive layer, and that guides light rays from multiple directions from the outside to the inside and makes them incident downward on the solar cells, and an annular adhesive wall that adheres to and surrounds the sides of the first adhesive layer, the conductive heating film layer, the second adhesive layer, the waterproof film layer, and the third adhesive layer. The positive contact and the negative contact are each connected to the conductive heating film layer by passing a conductor through one of the through holes. A circuit switch is attached to the conductor to make or break a circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer.

[0007] The present invention further provides a solar cell module with another ice-thawing function, which includes a substrate including a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, a first adhesive layer laid and adhered above the first region, a flexible lithium ceramic battery consolidated within the first adhesive layer and having a positive electrode contact and a negative electrode contact, a conductive heating film layer located above the first adhesive layer and adhered to the substrate via the first adhesive layer, a second adhesive layer laid and adhered above the conductive heating film layer, and a plurality of solar cells consolidated within the second adhesive layer, which are electrically connected in parallel and / or series and output electric energy converted from solar energy through a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire, the positive electrode wire extending from the second adhesive layer and electrically connected to the positive electrode contact and a positive terminal of a load, and the negative electrode wire The pole wire includes a plurality of solar cells extending from the second adhesive layer and electrically connected to the negative contact and the negative terminal of the load, a waterproof film layer adhering to the upper side of the second adhesive layer to prevent moisture from entering the structure below, a third adhesive layer laid and adhered to the upper side of the waterproof film layer, a highly light-transmitting and light-collecting ETFE layer having a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions on its upper surface and a light-amplifying structure having a wave-shaped cross section formed by the plurality of protrusions, adhering to the upper side of the third adhesive layer, the light-amplifying structure guiding light rays from multiple directions from the outside to the inside and making them incident downward on the solar cells, and an annular adhesive wall body adhering to and surrounding the sides of the first adhesive layer, the conductive heating film layer, the second adhesive layer, the waterproof film layer and the third adhesive layer. The positive contact and the negative contact are respectively connected to the conductive heating film layer by a conductor. A circuit switch is attached to the conductor to make or break a circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer.

[0008] In the solar cell module having an ice-thawing function described above, the second region may further include a temperature detector attached thereto for detecting a temperature of the substrate and transmitting the detection result to the outside via a signal line.

[0009] Optimally, the material of the substrate is stainless steel, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or plastic.

[0010] Preferably, the material of the first adhesive layer is Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyolefin Elastomers (POE), or Expandable Polyethylene (EPE).

[0011] Optimally, the material of the second adhesive layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer, or a polyethylene foam.

[0012] Optimally, the material of the third adhesive layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer, or a polyethylene foam.

[0013] Most preferably, the material of the annular adhesive wall is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer, or a foamed polyethylene.

[0014] Optimally, the material of the conductive heating film layer is graphene conductive heating paper, graphene conductive heating nonwoven fabric or conductive heating cloth.

[0015] Most preferably, the material of the waterproof film layer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or polycarbonates (PC).

[0016] Optimally, the three-dimensional wave shape of the light amplifying structure is formed into circles adjacent to each other continuously in a plane when viewed from above.

[0017] The present invention further provides a photovoltaic power generation system having an ice-thawing function, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned solar cell modules, a pair of DC bus cables, a positive pole DC bus cable electrically connected to an extended end of the positive pole wire of the solar cell module, and a negative pole DC bus cable electrically connected to an extended end of the negative pole wire of the solar cell module, an inverter that converts transmitted direct current into alternating current that complies with the grid interconnection regulations of a commercial power source and connects the converted alternating current to a power grid, a power output control device that is electrically connected to the pair of DC bus cables and electrically connected to the inverter so as to integrate direct currents generated by all the solar cell modules, cuts off the electrical connection of the pair of DC bus cables when the current becomes higher than a predetermined value, converts a part of the integrated direct current into a direct current having an operating voltage and outputs it, and transmits the remaining direct current to the inverter, and is electrically connected to the power output control device. The present invention also includes a circuit switch control circuit that is signal-connected to the circuit switch and the temperature detector of the solar cell module, continuously receives a temperature detection value transmitted from any of the temperature detectors, and executes the following jobs: a) determining whether the temperature detection value is lower than 0 degrees Celsius; b) if the determination of job a) is true, turning on the circuit switch of the solar cell module in which the temperature detector exists to conduct a circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer, thereby heating the solar cell module; and c) if the temperature detection value transmitted from the temperature detector of the solar cell module after the start of heating is higher than a set temperature, turning off the circuit switch of the solar cell module to cut off the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer. According to the present invention, the set temperature may be between 5 and 25 degrees Celsius. Effect of the Invention

[0018] In the present invention, a part of the power generated by the solar cell is stored in a flexible lithium ceramic battery. Then, when the solar cell module encounters a temperature lower than the freezing point, the power in the flexible lithium ceramic battery is controlled to be released to the conductive heating film layer to generate heat, which can melt the ice crystals on the surface of the solar cell module. By using the flexible lithium ceramic battery instead of providing a separate snow removal and ice melting device, costs can be reduced. Also, since only a part of the electric energy obtained by the solar cell is used to maintain the temperature of the solar cell module at a temperature where water vapor cannot freeze, the overall power generation efficiency is not affected by excessive power consumption. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a solar cell module having an ice-thawing function according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of FIG. 1 taken along line AA'. [Diagram 3] 3 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of FIG. 1 taken along line BB'. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 explains the method and effect of changing the optical path using an optical amplification structure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module with an ice-thawing function according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of components of a photovoltaic power generation system having an ice-thawing function that uses a plurality of solar cell modules having an ice-thawing function. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following embodiments.

[0021] Please refer to FIG. 1. This figure is a schematic plan view of a solar cell module 1 having an ice-thawing function according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, the drawings also provide a number of cross-sectional views of the solar cell module 1. For example, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 1 taken along line A-A' in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 1 taken along line B-B' in FIG. 1. It should be noted that for convenience of explanation, the ratios in these drawings are not based on the actual product design. For example, the actual length-to-thickness ratio of the solar cell module 1 may be several tens to several hundreds to one, but according to such a design, the thickness in the drawing is excessively compressed and the contents cannot be identified. Therefore, in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the thickness is enlarged by more than a little compared to the length and width. In addition, the positions between the components, and the thickness, length and width of the components are all examples, and the present invention is not limited to the contents of the drawings.

[0022] In terms of structure, the solar cell module 1 of this embodiment includes a substrate 100, a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) 110, a first adhesive layer 120, a conductive heating film layer 130, a second adhesive layer 140, a plurality of solar cells 150, a waterproof film layer 160, a third adhesive layer 170, a highly light-transmitting and light-collecting ETFE layer 180, and an annular adhesive wall 190. The characteristics, functions, materials, and combination methods of each of the above technical elements will be described in detail below.

[0023] The substrate 100 is a base for mounting other components, and must have sufficient toughness, and is optimally resistant to heat, cold, and moisture. Therefore, the substrate 100 can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic. In this embodiment, the substrate 100 is made of stainless steel. In principle, there are no restrictions on the appearance of the substrate 100. In this embodiment, the substrate 100 is made of a rectangular shape. The substrate 100 includes a first region 101 and a second region 102 surrounding the first region 101. The first region 101 is a region where power generation technical elements and other technical elements are mounted. The second region 102 is a region where a temperature detector T for monitoring the solar cell module 1 is attached and where a fixing screw hole H is formed. In this embodiment, the first region 101 is a small rectangular region in the center of the substrate 100. The second region 102 is a frame-shaped region located on the outer periphery of the first region 101, and the inside of the frame-shaped region is the rectangular first region 101. It should be noted that a plurality of through holes V are provided in the first region 101 at or near a portion adjacent to the second region 102. The through holes V are provided so that a conductive wire can be passed through the through holes V to electrically connect a component formed above the first region 101 to a component formed below it.

[0024] A flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) 110 is a secondary battery that is very thin relative to its length, flexible and bendable, and has excellent power storage efficiency. In the present invention, a flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 is used as an energy source for heating the solar cell module 1 at low temperatures. The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 is fixedly mounted below the first region 101 and has a positive contact 111 and a negative contact 112 . The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 may be fixed by adhesive or by fastening with screws. If necessary, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 may be provided with an adhesive fixing protective layer made of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin elastomers (POE), or expandable polyethylene (EPE).

[0025] The first adhesive layer 120 is laid above the first region 101 and adheres to it, and is made of EVA. In practice, an EVA film of an appropriate size may be used as the first adhesive layer 120, and melted, adhered, crosslinked, and cured by hot-pressing it under certain conditions to adhere the substrate 100 to the upper conductive heating film layer 130. EVA is not viscous at room temperature and has viscosity resistance. In addition, the cured EVA film becomes completely transparent and has a fairly high light transmittance. The cured EVA film has elasticity and has the advantages of heat resistance, moisture resistance, low temperature resistance, and impact resistance, and has good adhesion to metallic glass and plastics, so that the overall stability of the solar cell module 1 can be maintained (it is not easily decomposed). In addition, in consideration of environmental impact factors, POE or EPE, which has properties similar to EVA, may be used as the material of the first adhesive layer 120.

[0026] The conductive heating film layer 130 is located above the first adhesive layer 120 and adheres to the substrate 100 via the first adhesive layer 120 . As a main technical element for heating the solar cell module 1 at low temperatures, the conductive heating film layer 130 has a circuit formed therein that generates heat when a direct current flows therethrough. According to the present invention, the material of the conductive heating film layer 130 can be graphene conductive heating paper, graphene conductive heating nonwoven fabric or conductive heating cloth.

[0027] The second adhesive layer 140 is laid on and adhered to the conductive heating film layer 130, and has a plurality of solar cells 150 sandwiched and fixed therein. Like the first adhesive layer 120, the second adhesive layer 140 may be made of EVA, POE or EPE, but the implementation method is slightly different. In this embodiment, one EVA film is placed on the conductive heating film layer 130, and after hot pressing, the solar cells 150 are arranged in a molten state, and then another EVA film is placed on the solar cells 150 and heated to complete the melting, adhesion, crosslinking and curing.

[0028] Please refer to Fig. 1. For convenience of explanation, in this embodiment, an example in which six solar cells 150 are used will be explained. These solar cells 150 are fixed in the second adhesive layer 140. The solar cells 150 are electrically connected to each other in parallel, in series, or in a combination of parallel and series. In this embodiment, three solar cells 150 are connected in parallel in one set, and two sets are connected in series. These solar cells 150 output electric energy converted from solar energy through a positive electrode wire 151 and a negative electrode wire 152. The positive electrode wire 151 and the negative electrode wire 152 may be copper foil conductors, and are shown by thick solid lines in Figs. 2 and 3. The positive electrode wire 151 extends from the second adhesive layer 140, passes through one of the through holes V, and is electrically connected to the positive electrode contact 111 and the positive electrode terminal of a load (e.g., a light bulb or a DC bus cable of a photovoltaic power generation system). The negative electrode wire 152 extends from the second adhesive layer 140, passes through another through hole V, and is electrically connected to the negative electrode contact 112 and the negative electrode terminal of the load. As is clear from the above, these solar cells 150 form one electric circuit with the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 and also form one electric circuit with the load. The flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 and the load are in a parallel relationship. Therefore, the direct current generated by the solar cells 150 is not only supplied to the load for use, but also charges the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 in synchronization with the load until the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 cannot accept any more power.

[0029] The waterproof film layer 160 adheres to the upper side of the second adhesive layer 140 and serves to prevent moisture from penetrating into the structure below. According to the present invention, the material of the waterproof film layer 160 may be, but is not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or polycarbonates (PC).

[0030] The third adhesive layer 170 is laid above and adheres to the waterproof film layer 160 . The materials and manner of implementation that can be used for the third adhesive layer 170 are similar to those for the first adhesive layer 120, and therefore will not be described in detail again here.

[0031] The highly light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 has a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions on the upper surface thereof, and the cross section of the protrusions has a light-amplifying structure with a wave-shaped cross section, and is adhered to the upper side of the third adhesive layer 170. The light-amplifying structure guides light rays from multiple directions from the outside to the inside and makes them incident downward on the solar cell 150. To better understand the light-amplifying structure, please refer to FIG. 4. This figure explains the method and effect of changing the light path by the light-amplifying structure. In FIG. 4, the highly light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 is a technical element for the solar cell module 1 to contact with external light rays. The highly light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 has a plurality of three-dimensional wave-shaped light-amplifying structures 181 on the upper surface thereof. The light-amplifying structure 181 can obtain continuous edge segments of a "wave crest-wave trough" cross section in any cross section. Moreover, the three-dimensional wave shape of the light-amplifying structure 181 is formed into circles that are continuously adjacent to each other in a plane when viewed from above. Each circle has a radius of curvature of 1 mm or less. The optical path of the incident light is indicated by a single or continuous arrow. The three-dimensional wave shape of the light amplifying structure 181 makes it possible to guide light rays from multiple directions from the outside to the inside. For example, in the optical path L1, the light ray is refracted and irradiated onto the high light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180. In the optical path L2, the light ray is refracted once and totally reflected once to enter the high light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180. In the optical path L3, since the angle of incidence of the light ray is perpendicular to the incident surface, the light ray does not change direction and enters the high light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 as it is. The above three types of optical paths allow a larger amount of light rays outside the high light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180 to enter the high light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer 180. This increases the amount of light rays that can be acquired by the solar cell 150, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell 150.

[0032] The annular adhesive wall 190 surrounds and adheres to the sides of the first adhesive layer 120, the conductive heating film layer 130, the second adhesive layer 140, the waterproof film layer 160 and the third adhesive layer 170. In fact, the annular adhesive wall 190 is a protective layer formed by the materials of the first adhesive layer 120, the second adhesive layer 140 and the third adhesive layer 170 overflowing toward the sides after being thermally melted and then cooling and solidifying. Therefore, the material is also EVA, POE or EPE.

[0033] The greatest benefit of the present invention is that when the solar cell module 1 is exposed to low temperatures (below 0 degrees Celsius), it is controlled to generate heat, thereby making it possible to melt the ice crystals that have solidified on the surface, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module 1. Heating is carried out by the conductive heating film layer 130. In order to achieve the purpose of controllable heating, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 has the following special design: As shown in Fig. 2, the positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 of the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 are respectively connected to the conductive heating film layer 130 by passing a conducting wire W through one of the through holes V mentioned above. For convenience of explanation, the conductor W is shown by a dashed line. It should be noted that in FIG. 2, the conductor W and the positive electrode wire 151 or the negative electrode wire 152 appear to pass through the same through hole V, but in reality, they pass through two through holes V, respectively, and these two through holes V simply overlap in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. A circuit switch S is attached to one of the two conductors W for making or breaking a circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110 and the conductive heating film layer 130. When the circuit is made conductive, the conductive heating film layer 130 generates heat and heats the entire solar cell module 1. When the circuit is not conductive, the solar cell module 1 gradually drops to the temperature of the surrounding environment. The circuit switch S may be a mechanical switch that is manually operated. The circuit switch S may also be an electronic switch that is remotely controlled by another control device.

[0034] 1 and 2, a temperature detector T is attached to the second region 102. The temperature detector T is intended to detect the temperature of the substrate 100 and transmit the detection result to the outside via a signal line. The specific role of the temperature detector T will be described in conjunction with the solar power generation system of the present invention.

[0035] According to the present invention, there are other ways to attach the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110, which will be described in other embodiments.

[0036] Please refer to FIG. 5. This figure is a cross-sectional view of a solar cell module 2 with an ice-thawing function according to another embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell module 2 includes a substrate 100', a flexible lithium ceramic battery 110', a first adhesive layer 120', a conductive heating film layer 130, a second adhesive layer 140, a plurality of solar cells 150, a waterproof film layer 160, a third adhesive layer 170, a highly light-transmitting and light-collecting ETFE layer 180, and an annular adhesive wall 190. For the sake of simplicity, when the same reference numerals as those in the previous embodiment are used in this embodiment, they represent the same technical elements, and their functions, shapes, materials, and manufacturing methods are all the same, so they will not be described in detail again. Below, the different technical elements among them will be described in detail.

[0037] The substrate 100 ′ also has a first region 101 and a second region 102 surrounding the first region 101 . However, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to open a through hole V in the substrate 100'. The first region 101 and the second region 102 are not divided by the through hole V, so the boundary between them is shown by a dotted line. As for the influence, the positive electrode wire 151 can be electrically connected directly to the positive electrode contact 111 of the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110' and the positive electrode terminal of the load after being extended from the second adhesive layer 140. In addition, when the negative electrode wire 152 is extended from the second adhesive layer 140, it can also be electrically connected to the negative electrode contact 112 and the negative electrode terminal of the load without passing through the through hole V. In addition, a temperature detector T can also be attached to the second region 102 .

[0038] The first adhesive layer 120' is also laid and adhered above the first region 101. However, unlike the above embodiment, the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110' is not fixed below the first region 101, but is consolidated within the first adhesive layer 120'. The consolidation method is similar to that of the solar cell 150 consolidated within the second adhesive layer 140, and will not be described in detail. Therefore, the positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 of the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110' are also embedded within the first adhesive layer 120'. In addition, since there is no through hole V, the positive contact 111 and the negative contact 112 can be connected to the conductive heating film layer 130 by a conductor W (shown by a dashed line) accordingly. In addition, a circuit switch S for conducting or disconnecting the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110' and the conductive heating film layer 130 is also attached to the conductor W.

[0039] The present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation system having an ice melting function based on the above-mentioned solar cell module. Reference is now made to FIG. 6. This figure is a schematic diagram of components of the photovoltaic power generation system. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a plurality of solar cell modules according to any of the above-mentioned embodiments, a pair of DC bus cables 3, an inverter 4, a power output control device 5, and a circuit switch control circuit 6. In this embodiment, a case where the number of solar cell modules 1 is four will be described as an example, but the number of solar cell modules is not actually limited.

[0040] The pair of DC bus cables 3 includes a positive DC bus cable 3a and a negative DC bus cable 3b. The positive DC bus cable 3a is electrically connected to an extended terminal end of a positive wire in the solar cell module 1. The negative DC bus cable 3b is electrically connected to an extended terminal end of a negative wire in the solar cell module 1. In this way, the pair of DC bus cables 3 to a circuit of a power transmission network G of a commercial power source become a load for each solar cell module 1. Such a load merely transmits the power generated by the solar cell module 1 to another location, and does not consume the power.

[0041] The inverter 4 is not a typical inverter that converts direct current to alternating current, but rather converts the transmitted direct current into alternating current that complies with the grid interconnection regulations for commercial power sources, and makes the converted alternating current connectable to the power transmission grid G.

[0042] The power output control device 5 is electrically connected to the pair of DC bus cables 3 so as to integrate the direct current generated by all the solar cell modules 1, and is also electrically connected to the inverter 4. The amount of electricity generated by each solar cell module 1 varies depending on the position of the sun and the amount of light irradiation. Therefore, if the amount of electricity is too large, for example, if the current becomes higher than a predetermined value, the power output control device 5 may cut off the electrical connection between the pair of DC bus cables 3 (by a fuse). In addition, the power output control device 5 may convert a portion of the integrated DC current into DC current having an operating voltage before outputting it, and transmit the remaining DC current to the inverter 4 for conversion before connecting it to a commercial power source.

[0043] The circuit switch control circuit 6 is electrically connected to the power output control device 5 and is signal-connected to the circuit switch S and temperature detector T of the solar cell module 1 (shown by a dashed dotted line), and is capable of continuously receiving temperature detection values ​​transmitted from any of the temperature detectors T and executes the following jobs.

[0044] First job: Determine whether the detected temperature value is lower than 0 degrees Celsius. Using 0 degrees Celsius as a reference, evaluate whether ice crystals that may have solidified on the solar cell module 1 need to be removed by heating. This is the most important purpose of the temperature detector T.

[0045] Second job: If the judgment of the first job is true, turn on the circuit switch S of the solar cell module 1 in which the temperature detector T exists, and heat the solar cell module 1 by conducting the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110, 110' and the conductive heating film layer 130. This job is capable of heating the solar cell module 1 whose temperature is lower than 0 degrees Celsius, and aims to restore the temperature of the solar cell module 1 until water vapor cannot be solidified.

[0046] Third job: If the temperature detection value transmitted from the temperature detector T of the solar cell module 1 after the start of heating is higher than the set temperature, the circuit switch S of the solar cell module 1 is turned off to cut off the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110, 110' and the conductive heating film layer 130. This job determines the condition for stopping the heating of the solar cell module 1. If the solar cell module 1 is heated to a high temperature, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency of the solar cell module 1 while melting the ice. However, a heating temperature that is too high means excessive consumption of generated power, and the purpose of normal power generation in the solar cell module 1 cannot be achieved. Therefore, the determination of the set temperature is very important. According to the present invention, the set temperature may be between 5 and 25 degrees Celsius. In the case of 5 degrees Celsius, if it is detected that one solar cell module 1 is placed at -2 degrees Celsius, the solar cell module 1 is heated to 5 degrees Celsius to melt the ice crystals. Then, when the heating is stopped, the temperature of the solar cell module 1 gradually drops to 0 degrees Celsius. Then, the circuit switch S re-establishes the circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery 110, 110' and the conductive heating film layer 130, thereby re-heating the solar cell module 1. By repeating this process, the temperature of the solar cell module 1 becomes between 0 and 5 degrees Celsius, and ice crystals no longer adhere to the solar cell module 1.

[0047] The present invention has been disclosed above by the embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make slight modifications and additions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, so the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the provisions of the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1. Solar cell module 2. Solar cell module 3 DC bus cable 3a Positive DC bus cable 3b Negative DC bus cable 4 Inverter 5. Power output control device 6 Circuit Switch Control Circuit 100 Substrates 100' Board 101 First area 102 Second area 110 Flexible Lithium Ceramic Battery 110' Flexible Lithium Ceramic Battery 111 Positive contact 112 Negative contact 120 1st adhesive layer 120' 1st adhesive layer 130 Conductive heating film layer 140 Second adhesive layer 150 Solar Cells 151 Positive wire 152 Negative Wire 160 waterproof film layers 170 Third adhesive layer 180 Highly light-transmitting and light-collecting ETFE layer 181 Light Amplifying Structure 190 Circular adhesive wall G. Power grid H Fixing screw hole L1 optical path L2 optical path L3 optical path S Circuit Switch T temperature sensor V through hole W Wire

Claims

1. A substrate including a first region and a second region surrounding the first region, the substrate having a plurality of through holes formed in a portion of the first region adjacent to the second region; a flexible lithium ceramic battery (FLCB) fixed under the first region and having a positive contact and a negative contact; a first adhesive layer laid over and adhering to the first region; a conductive heating film layer located above the first adhesive layer and adhered to the substrate via the first adhesive layer; A second adhesive layer is laid on and adheres to the conductive heating film layer; a plurality of solar cells fixed in the second adhesive layer, the solar cells being electrically connected in parallel and / or series and outputting electrical energy converted from solar energy through a positive electrode wire and a negative electrode wire, the positive electrode wire extending in the second adhesive layer and passing through one of the through holes to be electrically connected to the positive electrode contact and a positive electrode terminal of a load, and the negative electrode wire extending in the second adhesive layer and passing through another of the through holes to be electrically connected to the negative electrode contact and a negative electrode terminal of the load; a waterproof film layer adhered over the second adhesive layer to prevent moisture from penetrating into the structure below; A third adhesive layer is laid on and adheres to the waterproof film layer; A highly light-transmitting and light-concentrating ETFE layer having a plurality of three-dimensional protrusions on an upper surface thereof and a light-amplifying structure having a corrugated cross section formed by the plurality of protrusions, the light-amplifying structure being adhered to the upper side of the third adhesive layer, the light-amplifying structure guiding light rays from the outside in multiple directions to the inside and allowing them to enter the solar cell downward; and a ring-shaped adhesive wall that surrounds and adheres to the first adhesive layer, the conductive heating film layer, the second adhesive layer, the waterproof film layer, and the third adhesive layer; The positive contact and the negative contact are respectively connected to the conductive heating film layer by passing a conductor through one of the through holes, and the conductor is equipped with a circuit switch for making or breaking a circuit between the flexible lithium ceramic battery and the conductive heating film layer.

2. 2. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature detector attached to the second region for detecting the temperature of the substrate and transmitting the detection result to the outside via a signal line.

3. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the substrate is stainless steel, aluminum, an aluminum alloy or plastic.

4. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the first adhesive layer is Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyolefin Elastomers (POE), or Expandable Polyethylene (EPE).

5. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the second adhesive layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer or a polyethylene foam.

6. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the third adhesive layer is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer or a polyethylene foam.

7. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the annular adhesive wall is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyolefin elastomer or a polyethylene foam.

8. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2 , wherein the material of the conductive heating film layer is graphene conductive heating paper, graphene conductive heating nonwoven fabric or conductive heating cloth.

9. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the material of the waterproof film layer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), or polycarbonates (PC).

10. 3. The solar cell module with ice-thawing function according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional wave shape of the light-amplifying structure is formed into circles adjacent to each other continuously in a plane when viewed from above.

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