CRITICAL BATTERY LEVEL EMERGENCY CALL SERVICE ACCESS SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a system that guarantees access to emergency call services for user equipment on mobile communication networks when the battery level is critical. The system incorporates emergency carrier installation, minimal mobility management, simplified safety procedures, and energy-sensitive transmission power control mechanisms. This allows a device that would normally shut down within 30-60 seconds in standard mode to be capable of making emergency calls for 5-10 minutes. This provides a sufficient time window for the user to call for help and can be life-saving.

Description

1 TARIFF CRITICAL BATTERY LEVEL EMERGENCY CALL SERVICE ACCESS SYSTEM Technical Area 5 The invention enables the protection of user equipment in mobile communication networks when the battery level is at a critical point. It is related to a system that guarantees access to emergency call services. State of the Art 10 On current mobile networks, even when making an emergency call, the UE (User Equipment - User Equipment) operates in full power mode and is necessary for a normal voice call. All protocol stack layers are activated. RRC (Radio Resource Control) connection. setup, NAS (Non-Access Stratum) verification, security mode setup, custom 15 Processes such as carrier configuration are carried out through standard procedures. This This approach consumes too much energy for a device at a critical battery level, and the device is in emergency situations. This could cause the call to disconnect before it's complete. During an emergency call, the user interface (display), GPS receiver, Wi-Fi / Bluetooth modules, 20 hardware components not necessary for emergency calls, such as cameras and sensors It is not shutting down or is shutting down inadequately. This situation wastes valuable battery power. This leads to a waste of energy, especially in smartphones. Backlighting for high-resolution displays alone accounts for 30-40% of total power consumption. It can create. 25 Network attachment when the device is turned off or in airplane mode The procedure can take a long time. Cell search, PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) selection, RACH (Random Access Channel) procedure, authentication, tracking area During processes such as tracking area updates, high RF transmission power is required (30). These procedures are used. At a critical battery level, the device may shut down before these procedures are completed. Providing location information during emergency calls is a legal requirement, however... Current systems use GPS / GNSS receivers or A-GPS (Assisted GPS) mechanisms. These systems consume high energy and in a critical battery situation, the device will fail prematurely. 2 This causes it to shut down. More advanced features like Cell-ID based location or E-CID (Enhanced Cell-ID) Low-energy alternatives are not being used enough. In normal operation, UE transmission power control algorithms maximize signal quality. It works to do so. However, in critical battery situations, instead of maximum signal quality, it provides 5. Energy savings can be achieved by aiming for "sufficient signal quality". In current systems, this... These types of adaptive power control mechanisms are not optimized for emergency call scenarios. Signaling procedures defined in 3GPP standards involve the exchange of numerous messages. It requires. Even for emergency call setup, normal call setup procedures are 10 is followed. Authentication vectors exchange, security key agreement, capability agreement Processes such as negotiation are carried out in full detail. However, in an emergency call scenario, this... Some of the procedures can be simplified or bypassed. Even when the device is switched off at a critical battery level, some hardware components (Real-time clock, RAM refresh circuits, power management IC) continue to consume energy. This standby mode minimizes power consumption while preserving the emergency call feature. It is not being done. Users can make special calls on their devices that are only capable of emergency calls when the battery level is critical. They are not being informed clearly enough that they are in a certain mode. This situation, This can cause users to waste remaining energy by performing unnecessary actions. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions, topic 25 Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been observed. Purpose of the Invention The invention enables the protection of user equipment in mobile communication networks when the battery level is at a critical point. to guarantee access to emergency call services It will be used, especially by mobile devices supporting GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G NR technologies. In devices, this activates when the battery level drops below a critical threshold (5% or below). The system ensures that emergency calls (such as 112, 911, 999) are successfully made. 35 3 The invention is a proprietary protocol stack that operates in ultra-low power consumption (ULP) mode. This includes implementation. This implementation is standard as defined in the 3GPP standards. Optimized signaling that consumes 85-90% less energy compared to other procedures. It uses procedures. The system includes emergency carrier setup, minimum mobility management, 5 simplified safety procedures and energy-sensitive transmission power control It includes mechanisms that allow it to shut down within 30-60 seconds in standard mode. The device gains the capacity to make emergency calls for 5-10 minutes. This period, It provides a sufficient time window for the user to call for help and is a lifesaver. Maybe. 10 The invention systematically integrates all equipment components not required for emergency search. Turns off: backlight is reduced by 95% or turned off completely, application processor It operates at the minimum frequency, Wi-Fi / Bluetooth / GPS modules are disabled, and the camera and... The sensors are put into shutdown mode, and audio components other than the speaker and microphone are turned off. It is switched off. These optimizations provide a total energy saving of 60-70%. Connecting to the network via a proprietary fast-attach protocol implementation. The duration is reduced by 70-80%. Cell information is used. Search time is minimized, and security is enhanced with simplified authentication procedures. Installation is accelerated, and signaling load is reduced with minimal capability changes. Normal The network connection process, which takes 8-12 seconds in the procedure, is reduced to 2-3 seconds. Cell-ID based location or E-CID, which consumes 95% less energy, instead of GPS / GNSS. (Enhanced Cell-ID) methods are used. The serving cell, the neighboring cell 25 timing advance (neighbor cell timing advance), angle of arrival, etc. Using these parameters, position determination is performed with an accuracy of 50-200 meters. The sensitivity is sufficient for emergency response teams to reach the user. In emergency power saving mode, UE broadcast power is dynamically optimized. "Enough 30 It operates on the principle of "connection quality": BLER (Block Error Rate) is kept below 10%. During this process, the broadcast power is kept to a minimum. This approach results in a 40-50% RF power saving. It provides uninterrupted transmission instead of interrupted transmission by optimizing the uplink transmission duty cycle. Low-power transmission is preferred. 35 4 Specific signaling procedures are defined for "emergency only" mode: identification. Verification bypass (authentication optional for emergency calls), simplified security context (null encryption cipher suite), minimal exchange of capability information, fast. Sleep / passive mode switching mechanisms. These optimizations reduce signal load by 60- It reduces by 70 and lowers battery consumption. 5 When the battery level is critical and the device is switched off, ultra-low power sleep mode is activated. Only the power management IC and a minimal RTC (Real-Time Clock) circuit are kept active. Periodic wake-up intervals are increased from 30 seconds to 5 minutes. This reduces standby time. Power consumption is reduced by 80-85%, and the device maintains its emergency call capability for days. 10 The system can operate on all 2G GSM, 3G UMTS, 4G LTE, and 5G NR technologies. Network Based on the conditions, the most energy-efficient RAT (Radio Access Technology) is automatically selected. 2G GSM is generally preferred because it offers the lowest power consumption, but coverage is a concern. Otherwise, a switch to 3G / 4G / 5G will be made. 15 The user is given maximum information with minimal image usage: "Emergency Only Mode" - A clear message such as "Only 112 Calls Available", visual warning with LED indicator (if any), Periodic haptic feedback with haptic feedback, and audible alerts via voice commands. This allows... The user understands the seriousness of the situation and avoids unnecessary actions. 20 The system uses machine learning algorithms to learn the user's battery consumption profile and identify critical points. It proactively warns the user before the battery level reaches 15%. "Battery dropped to 15%, urgent!" Early warnings such as "search mode may activate in 10 minutes" help the user charge their phone. He / she is given the opportunity. 25 The emergency mode status is reported to the network and given priority processing by the operator. During emergency call setup, RACH priority is increased, and a dedicated emergency carrier is assigned. emergency bearer is quickly assigned, congestion control bypass This increases the success rate of emergency calls to over 99.5%. 30 System, FCC (Federal Communications Commission), ETSI (European Emergency situations as defined by the Telecommunications Standards Institute (ITU-T). complete telecommunication requirements (emergency telecommunication requirements) It addresses critical issues such as emergency location accuracy, call setup time, and voice quality. The parameters exceed regulatory requirements. The system covered by the invention is applicable to IoT devices, wearable devices, cars, medical alarm devices, and GPS. It can be used with devices such as drones and laptops. 5 The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. It will be understood. Explanation of the Figures Figure 1 is a schematic view of the system described in the invention. The drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled, and 15 lines are sufficient to understand the invention. Unnecessary details may have been omitted. Explanation of Part References 1. Battery management system interface 20 2. Battery level detection module 3. Emergency mode trigger controller 4. Hardware power management unit 5. Screen control module 6. Environmental unit shutdown controller 25 7. RF subsystem power optimizer 8. Network association engine 9. Emergency protocol stack 10. Adaptive transmission power controller 11. Energy efficient positioning module 30 12. Emergency call manager 13. User notification interface 14. Network operator signaling interface 15. Power consumption monitor 16. Battery analysis engine 35 6 Detailed Description of the Invention In this detailed explanation, the preferred configurations of the invention are designed to better understand the subject matter. 5 for the purpose of understanding and without creating any limiting effect It is explained. The system described in the invention is the battery management system of the user equipment (Battery By analyzing the real-time energy data received, the Energy Management System (BMS) removes all unnecessary hardware components from the device (screen backlight, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, 10 (application processors) shut down and only minimal RF communication necessary for emergency calls is enabled. It keeps the systems active. This allows a device that would normally shut down within 30-60 seconds to do so. The device gains the capacity to make emergency calls for 5-10 minutes. The system operates on the philosophy of "enough power, enough time." Instead of maximum performance, it provides emergency 15 It aims for the minimum performance sufficient for the search. This approach saves lives at critical moments. It ensures the preservation of emergency call capacity that can provide life-saving solutions. All optimizations, It is implemented in compliance with 3GPP standards and is backward compatible, so that different networks Seamless operation with technologies and operators is guaranteed. The system continuously monitors the battery level of user equipment to determine critical battery levels. When approaching the threshold (<5%), the equipment automatically switches to low power consumption mode. This mode guarantees uninterrupted accessibility of emergency call services (112, 911, etc.). When purchased, it reduces the device's total power consumption by 85-90%. In the first stage, battery management is implemented via the battery management system interface (1). The system monitors battery voltage, current, charge status, health status, temperature, and instantaneous power. Parameters such as consumption are collected in real time (at 100ms intervals). Interface (1) The battery charge indicator IC communicates via I2C or SMBus protocols. Battery level detection module (2) integrates these parameters with current (Coulomb 30 with (counting) and voltage-based estimation algorithms It performs precise SoC (State of Charge) calculations by processing the data and achieves a critical threshold of ±0.2% above the 5% threshold. It determines this with precision. It also shows the remaining usable capacity (mAh) and the estimated remaining time. Calculations (in minutes), battery aging compensation algorithms. It compensates for changes in SoH (Health Status). 35 7 When a critical battery level is detected, the emergency mode trigger controller (3) is activated. It enters and switches the system to emergency mode in a controlled manner. During this transition, With graceful transition management, active data sessions are smoothly managed. The shutdown is terminated, the user is informed, and the hardware components are prepared for the shutdown process. 5 It prevents false triggers through the hysteresis mechanism (activation threshold: 5%, deactivation). Threshold: 8%). The hardware power management unit (4) monitors the power status of all hardware components. and shuts down all hardware components not required for emergency calls or reduces minimum power to 10. It switches to power management mode. Direct access to PMIC (Power Management Integrated Circuit) registers. It shuts down unnecessary components: application processor (APC) low power. It is put into operating mode (clock frequency is reduced from 2 GHz to 200 MHz), the GPU is completely turned off, Unused RAM banks are put into suspend mode, and the camera module's power is cut off. The vibration motor is deactivated, and the sensors (accelerometer, gyroscope, proximity sensor) are switched off. It is put into shutdown mode. The display control module (5) optimizes the display backlight: from the normal brightness level It reduces visibility from the typical 200-300 nits to a minimum level (10-20 nits), which is 95% power. It saves energy. The screen refresh rate is reduced from 60 Hz to 1 Hz (user 20 only). (It refreshes when there is interaction). On AMOLED screens, only critical information is displayed. The pixels are activated (against a black background containing a minimum of white pixels), this is AMOLED. It takes advantage of power consumption per pixel. Peripheral unit shutdown controller (6); Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS and other auxiliary 25 It provides additional energy savings by disabling components not required for emergency calls. It shuts down all peripherals: the Wi-Fi chipset is completely turned off (>100mW saving), The Bluetooth module is disabled (>50mW power saving), and the GPS / GNSS receiver is switched off. (>150mW power saving), NFC controller is disabled, USB charging detection is minimum. The system is put into standby mode, and the SD card interface is suspended. These operations consume a total of 300-400mW of power. It saves money. RF subsystem power optimizer (7) has the lowest power among current network technologies. It selects the RAT (Radio Access Technology) that provides the consumption. Generally, 2G GSM is preferred. It is preferred because it provides the lowest idle power consumption (~60mW). However, if there is no 2G coverage, 35 8 The system automatically switches to 3G or 4G. If LTE / 5G is required, minimum bandwidth will be used. Wide bandwidth configuration is used (1.4MHz LTE or 5MHz NR). Multi-antenna system. It is switched off and only the main antenna remains active. Instead of continuous reception, DRX (Discontinuous) is used. The reception (intermittent receiving) cycle is maximized. During the network connection process, the network association engine (8) uses the previously saved network information Connecting to the network using (last used cell, neighboring cell list, frequency list). It minimizes the time; reducing cell search time from around 8-10 seconds to 1-2 seconds. It drops. The PLMN selection is bypassed and the last saved operator is used directly. RACH Access latency is reduced through procedure optimization. Simplified NAS security 10 Setup: Authentication optional (for emergency calls), integrity protection. minimum, encryption bypass. Emergency protocol stack (9), optimized procedures at each protocol layer By using this method, it minimizes the signaling load and therefore the energy consumption. 15  NAS layer: Minimum EMM (EPS Mobility Management) procedures, reduced Emergency PDN connection request via signaling.  RRC layer: Fast RRC link establishment, minimum exchange of capability information. (voice capability only), shortened timers.  RLC / MAC layer: Low overhead configuration, minimum control 20 signaling.  PHY layer: Reduced measurement reporting, simplified channel estimation. The adaptive transmission power controller (10) dynamically controls the RF transmission power. It prevents unnecessary power consumption. With a "sufficient quality" approach, the maximum signal quality is 25. Instead, sufficient connection quality is targeted (normal: 15dB, emergency mode: 5dB). Off Loop power control is operated very aggressively, with minimum requirements determined through link budget analysis. Transmission power is calculated. Uplink duty cycle optimization: Continuous low-power transmission is preferred over instantaneous high-power transmission. This allows for typical Transmission power reduced from 23dBm (200mW) to 10-15dBm (10-30mW), resulting in 85-95% RF power. Savings are achieved. Energy efficient positioning module (11), energy efficient positioning without using GPS / GNSS It makes determinations. The methods it uses consume 95% less energy, while providing emergency response. It provides location information with sufficient accuracy (50-200m) for the teams. The methods mentioned are: 35 9  Cell-ID Based Location: Service provider The cell's GPS coordinates are used as the location (accuracy: 500m-5km, power: <1mW).  Enhanced Cell Identity (E-CID): Serving cell + timing advance + neighboring cell measurements by 5 Triangulation method is used (accuracy: 50-200m, power: 5- 10mW).  OTDOA (Observed Time Difference of Arrival) Arrival: Used if available on LTE (accuracy: 50-150m).  A-GPS Fallback: Only if location cannot be determined and 10% It activates if there is a battery on it. The emergency call manager (12) identifies the emergency call numbers (112, 911, etc.) and Manages priority carrier setup. Number dialed for emergency call detection. The template is matched with emergency call numbers. QCI 1 15 for emergency carrier setup. An assigned emergency EPS carrier with a value is used. Call voice codec For optimization, narrowband mode is set to the lowest bit rate (4.75 kbps) and IMS registration is enabled. By bypassing the circuit, a fast dial setup is enabled with circuit-switched fallback. User notification interface (13) alerts the user to emergency mode 20 with minimal energy consumption. It provides information about its activation. Visual, tactile, and auditory stimuli are combined. an effective warning is given:  Visual Notification: "EMERGENCY ONLY - Battery Critical - 112 Calls Only" The "It can be done" message is displayed at minimum brightness.  LED Indicator: Red flashing (1 second period). 25  Haptic Feedback: Single vibrating alert.  Audio notification: A short voice command such as "Emergency mode activated".  Notification energy budget: Total <100mW, duration <5 seconds.  User interface: Minimal interaction to prevent unnecessary button presses. User interface. 30 The network operator reports the emergency mode status to the network via the signaling interface (14). and is given priority processing by the operator. Power consumption monitor (15) monitors power at component and system level throughout this process. It monitors consumption, estimates remaining time, and provides feedback to the user. (Estimateer) The battery analysis engine (16) analyzes the user's battery using machine learning algorithms. By learning your consumption profile, it provides proactive warnings and alerts you before it reaches a critical level. allows the user to have the opportunity to charge: 5  Warning level 1 (SoC = 20%): "Battery 20%, estimated based on current usage" "The remaining time is 2 hours."  Warning level 2 (SoC = 15%): "Battery at 15%, consider charging soon. Urgent." Status mode can be activated within 45 minutes.  Warning level 3 (SoC = 10%): "Battery 10% - Approaching critical level. Emergency 10" Emergency mode will activate at 5%. Only emergency calls will be possible.  Warning level 4 (SoC = 7%): "Battery 7% - Emergency mode activation alert" That's the issue. Please connect the charger immediately."

Claims

11 REQUESTS 1. Emergency situations in mobile communication networks when user equipment is at a critical battery level. It is a system that guarantees access to search services; its feature is:  Battery voltage, current, charge status, health status, temperature, and instantaneous power 5 Battery management system interface (1) that reads consumption in real time,  Current integration and voltage-based forecasting of collected data It calculates the charge status and critical threshold values ​​by processing them with algorithms. identifies the remaining available capacity and estimated remaining time. By calculating and balancing battery aging algorithms, health status 10 Battery level detection module (2) that compensates for changes,  Activates when a critical battery level is detected, ensuring a seamless transition. By managing it, it terminates active data sessions, informs the user, and By preparing the hardware components for the shutdown process, the system is prepared for emergency situations. Emergency mode trigger controller (3), 15  Checks the power status of hardware components and is necessary for emergency calls. shuts down or puts all non-functional hardware components into minimum power mode Hardware power management unit (4),  Screen backlight and refresh rate control for power saving. Screen control module (5) which reduces backlight and refresh rate, 20  Radio access provides the lowest power consumption among network technologies. RF subsystem power optimizer (7) which selected the technology,  Reduces network connection time by using previously saved network information. network association engine (8),  Signaling using optimized procedures at each protocol layer 25 emergency protocol stack (9) which reduces the load and thus energy consumption.  Dynamically controlling RF transmission power to minimize unnecessary power consumption. prevents adaptive transmission power controller (10),  Energy-efficient positioning that determines location in an energy-efficient manner without using GPS / GNSS. module (11), 30  Identifies emergency call numbers and manages priority carrier deployment. emergency call manager (12),  Combining visual, tactile, and auditory warnings to alert the user to emergency situations User notification interface (13) that informs about mode activation, 12  Monitors power consumption at the component and system level, and estimates remaining time. Power consumption monitor (15) Machine that monitors and provides feedback to the user by learning the user's battery consumption profile through learning algorithms It provides proactive warnings and alerts the user before reaching a critical level of charge. Battery analysis engine (16) 5 which allows it to have the opportunity to do It includes.

2. It is a system connected to Request 1, and its feature is that it provides energy savings to the user. Peripheral unit shutdown disables the peripheral units of the equipment. It includes the controller (6). 10 3. It is a system based on Claim 1, and its feature is that it uses machine learning algorithms to guide the user. By learning your battery consumption profile, it provides proactive warnings and alerts you when it reaches a critical level. Battery analysis allows the user to have the opportunity to charge their device before reaching their destination. It includes the engine (16). 15 4. It is a system connected to Request 1, and its feature is to notify the network of the emergency mode status and Network operator signaling that enables priority processing on the operator side. It includes the interface (14).