Radiating unit, antenna and base station

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a radiating unit, an antenna and a base station. The radiating unit comprises two pairs of radiating arms which are orthogonally arranged in a polarized manner, and a pair of baluns for respectively feeding the two pairs of radiating arms, wherein each balun comprises a dielectric plate and a balun line; the balun line comprises a balun feeder which is arranged on a front face of the dielectric plate and a balun grounding wire which is arranged on a back face of the dielectric plate; and the balun feeder and the balun grounding wire respectively feed two radiating arms of the same polarization. The radiating unit respectively feeds the two pairs of radiating arms by means of the pair of baluns, and the balun feeder and the balun grounding wire of each balun respectively feed two radiating arms of the same polarization, such that two radiating arms of the same polarization can be fed by using one balun, so that the number of baluns is reduced, thereby reducing the size of the radiating unit, reducing the mutual coupling interference between baluns of two adjacent radiating units, and thus facilitating antenna integration.

Description

Radiating units, antennas and base stations Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a radiation unit, an antenna equipped with the radiation unit, and a base station equipped with the antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern mobile communication technology, users' demand for high-capacity, low-latency communications is increasing day by day, giving rise to the fifth-generation mobile communication network. The construction of domestic 5G mobile communication networks requires the coordinated development of multiple network standards, such as the simultaneous operation of 5G and 4G networks. However, different network standards require antennas of different frequency bands, which dramatically increases the number of antennas at each base station site, greatly increasing the construction and maintenance costs of antenna base station sites, resulting in a waste of antenna environmental resources, and excessive antennas can also affect the appearance of cities. Therefore, the industry has adopted the integration of antennas of multiple standards into one, forming a small-sized, common-aperture, integrated multi-frequency antenna to meet the application needs of mobile communications, in order to solve the current problems of insufficient antenna space, insufficient hanging height, limited coverage, and poor performance.

[0003] To integrate more radiating elements within a limited size, the distance between adjacent radiating elements must be reduced. However, this significantly increases the mutual coupling between them, impacting their radiation performance. The balun in the radiating element is the primary factor affecting the mutual coupling between adjacent radiating elements.

[0004] For example, the feeding balun structure of the traditional radiating unit is a dual-polarization balun, which includes four grounding conductors with a height of about 1 / 4 wavelength and two dual-polarization feeding wires. This makes the metal volume of the balun large. In an array antenna environment with reduced unit spacing, it is easy to cause the mutual coupling between adjacent radiating units to become stronger, which inevitably affects the performance of the array antenna.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve at least one of the above problems and to provide a radiation unit, an antenna and a base station.

[0007] To meet the various objectives of this application, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A radiating unit is provided to meet one of the purposes of the present application, including two pairs of radiating arms arranged with orthogonal polarizations and a pair of baluns respectively feeding the two pairs of radiating arms, the balun including a dielectric plate and a balun circuit, the balun circuit including a balun feeding line arranged on the front surface of the dielectric plate and a balun grounding line arranged on the back surface of the dielectric plate, the balun feeding line and the balun grounding line respectively feeding two radiating arms of the same polarization.

[0009] An antenna is provided to meet one of the purposes of the present application, including a reflector and a radiating array, wherein the radiating array includes a low-frequency radiating column and a high-frequency radiating column, and there is at least one low-frequency radiating column arranged between multiple high-frequency radiating columns, and the low-frequency radiating column is composed of multiple low-frequency radiating units, and the low-frequency radiating unit is a radiating unit as described in any one of the previous purposes.

[0010] To meet one of the purposes of the present application, a base station is provided. The base station is equipped with an antenna as described in the previous purpose, and is used to transmit signals transmitted by the base station.

[0011] Compared with the existing technology, this application has many advantages, including but not limited to:

[0012] On the one hand, the radiating element of the present application feeds power to a pair of radiating arms via the balun feed line and balun ground line on the balun. The balun feed line and balun ground line form a balun circuit, eliminating the need for a dedicated balun circuit for each radiating arm. This reduces the number of balun circuits, thereby reducing the size of the balun and, in turn, the radiating element, facilitating antenna miniaturization. Furthermore, the reduction in the number of balun circuits can also reduce the production cost of the balun, which in turn reduces the production cost of the radiating element, thereby improving the market competitiveness of the radiating element.

[0013] Furthermore, reducing the number of balun lines can reduce the mutual coupling between multiple baluns in the same radiating element, improving the radiation performance of the radiating element. It can also reduce the mutual coupling between the baluns of adjacent radiating elements, thereby shortening the distance between adjacent radiating elements of the antenna, facilitating antenna miniaturization and conserving antenna space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0015] FIG2 a is a schematic diagram of the front side of the balun of the radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0016] FIG2 b is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the balun of the radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0017] FIG3 is a schematic top view of a radiation unit according to a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pair of baluns of a radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the second balun of the radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present application.

[0020] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pair of baluns according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG8 is a perspective schematic diagram of a balun feed line of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a balun feeder line of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a pair of baluns and a connector according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a balun ground wire and a connecting socket according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to a typical embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In a typical embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 1, the radiation unit 100 includes two pairs of radiation arms 200 and a pair of baluns 300. The two pairs of radiation arms 200 are arranged with polarizations orthogonal, and the pair of baluns 300 feed the two pairs of radiation arms 200 respectively. Specifically, one of the baluns 300 feeds two radiation arms 200 with the same polarization, and the other balun 300 feeds two radiation arms 200 with another polarization.

[0028] The balun 300 includes a dielectric plate 310 and a balun circuit, which is disposed on the dielectric plate 310. Referring to Figures 2a and 2b, Figure 2a illustrates the structure of the front side 311 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300, while Figure 2b illustrates the structure of the back side 312 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300. The balun circuit includes a balun feed line 321 and a balun ground line 322. The balun feed line 321 is disposed on the front side 311 of the dielectric plate 310, and the balun ground line 322 is disposed on the back side 312 of the dielectric plate 310. The balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 are coupled and communicated. Preferably, the balun circuit includes, but is not limited to, a microstrip line, a coplanar line, or a stripline.

[0029] For ease of description, in conjunction with Figure 1, the radiating arm 200 electrically connected to the balun feed line 321 of the balun 300 is called the first radiating arm 210, and the radiating arm 200 electrically connected to the balun ground line 322 is called the third radiating arm 230. The first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are two radiating arms with the same polarization.

[0030] 2a , the balun feed line 321 extends from the bottom 313 of the front surface 311 to the top 314 of the front surface 311. A feed input terminal 3211 and a first feed terminal 3212 are provided at both ends of the balun feed line 321. The feed input terminal 3211 of the balun feed line 321 is disposed at the bottom 313 of the front surface 311 to facilitate connection of the feed input terminal 3211 to an external first feed network (not shown). The first feed network feeds the balun feed line 321 via the feed input terminal 3211. The first feed terminal 3212 of the balun feed line 321 is disposed at the top 314 of the front surface 311. The first feed terminal 3212 is electrically connected to the corresponding first radiating arm 210 to facilitate feeding the first radiating arm 210 via the first feed terminal 3212.

[0031] 2b , the balun ground line 322 extends from the bottom 313 of the reverse surface 312 to the top 314 of the reverse surface 312. The balun ground line 322 has a second feeding end 3221 and a grounding end 3222 at either end. The second feeding end 3221 of the balun ground line 322 is disposed at the top 314 of the reverse surface 312. The second feeding end 3221 is electrically connected to the corresponding third radiating arm 230, thereby facilitating the second feeding end 3221 feeding the third radiating arm 230. The grounding end 3222 is disposed at the bottom 313 of the reverse surface 312 and is electrically connected to the metal ground of an external first feeding network or a second feeding network (not shown).

[0032] After the feeding input end 3211 of the balun feeding line 321 receives the external current, the external current is divided into two paths in the balun feeding line 321, one of which is fed into the first radiation arm 210 through the first feeding end 3212, and the other is coupled to the balun ground line 322. The current fed into the first radiation arm 210 is called the first current, and the current coupled to the balun ground line 322 is called the second current.

[0033] The first current is fed into the first radiating arm 210 via the first feeding terminal 3212 . The first radiating arm 210 is excited by the first current to radiate signals. In this embodiment, the first current is completely excited and consumed in the first radiating arm 210 .

[0034] The second current is coupled to the balun ground line 322. Because the second current is coupled to the balun ground line 322, the second current has a phase difference of 180° with the first current. Because the second current flowing into the third radiating arm 230 is excited, the electromotive force of the second current in the third radiating arm 230 is lower than the electromotive force of the second current just coupled to the balun ground line 322. As a result, the second current just coupled to the balun ground line 322 tends to flow into the third radiating arm 230 via the second feeding terminal 3221, while the second current originally in the third radiating arm 230 tends to flow toward the ground terminal 3222 of the balun ground line 322. As a result, the second current just coupled to the balun ground line 322 is fed into the third radiating arm 230 via the second feeding terminal 3221, exciting the third radiating arm 230 to radiate signals. After the second current excites the third radiation arm 230 , it flows again through the second feeding terminal 3221 into the balun ground line 322 , and then flows through the ground terminal 3222 of the balun ground line 322 to the metal ground of the first feeding network or the second feeding network.

[0035] Thus, the first current is completely consumed by the first radiation arm 210 , and the second current is grounded after passing through the balun feeding line 321 , the balun grounding line 322 , the third radiation arm 230 and the metal ground, so that the current fed into the balun 300 forms a complete loop.

[0036] Because the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are arranged in the same polarization, the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are arranged on both sides of the polarization center. In order to electrically connect the first feeding end 3212 of the balun feeding line 321 to the first radiating arm 210 and the second feeding end 3221 of the balun ground line 322 to the third radiating arm 230, the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 are respectively arranged on both sides of the dielectric plate 310, so that the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 arranged on the same dielectric plate 310 are electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230, respectively.

[0037] Specifically, since the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 are respectively arranged on the front and back surfaces of the dielectric plate 310, in the projection direction of the front surface 311 of the dielectric plate 310, the projection of the first feeding end 3212 and the projection of the second feeding end 3221 are respectively arranged on both sides of the front surface 311, so that the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 are electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230, respectively.

[0038] In one embodiment, the dielectric plate 310 includes a main body 319 and an extension arm 315. The main body 319 is vertically arranged and extends toward the radiating arm 200. The top of the main body 319 bends to the left or right to form the extension arm 315, giving the dielectric plate 310 an L-shaped structure. The extension arm 315 is longer than the width of the main body 319. In the projection direction of the front face 311, the projection of the first feeding end 3212 and the projection of the second feeding end 3221 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the extension arm 315. This increases the distance between the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221. When the distance between the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 is large, the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 can still be electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230, respectively.

[0039] The extension arm 315 includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the body 319, and the second end is away from the body 319. The first feeding end 3212 extends to the second end of the extension arm 315, and the second feeding end 3221 extends to the first end of the extension arm 315.

[0040] In another embodiment, the first feeding end 3212 extends to the first end of the extension arm 315 , and the second feeding end 3221 extends to the second end of the extension arm 315 .

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, referring to Figures 1 and 3 , the radiating arm 200 includes a radiating portion 250 and a coupling portion 260, wherein the radiating portion 250 is coupled to the coupling portion 260. The coupling portion 260 is electrically connected to the first feeding end 3212 of the corresponding balun feed line 321 or the second feeding end 3221 of the balun ground line 322. After receiving current via the first feeding end 3212 or the second feeding end 3221, the coupling portion 260 couples the current to the radiating portion 250 to stimulate the radiating portion 250, causing the radiating portion 250 to radiate signals externally. Specifically, the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 are physically connected or coupled to the coupling portion 260.

[0042] The radiating unit 100 also includes a dielectric substrate 270, on which the two pairs of radiating arms 200 are disposed. Specifically, the radiating portions 250 of the radiating arms 200 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 270. Referring to Figures 2a, 2b, and 4, the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300 is provided with a tongue 316. Referring to Figure 3, the dielectric substrate 270 is provided with a socket 271 corresponding to the tongue 316. The tongue 316 is inserted into the socket 271 to support the dielectric substrate 270 via the dielectric plate 310, thereby supporting the radiating arms 200 via the dielectric substrate 270, thereby maintaining the structural stability of the radiating unit 100. Preferably, the tongue 316 is provided on the extension arm 315.

[0043] Furthermore, the coupling portion 260 of the radiating arm 200 is arranged above the radiating portion 250. In combination with Figures 2a, 2b and 4, the first feeding end 3212 or the second feeding end 3221 extends through the tongue 316 toward the direction of the coupling portion 260, so that the first feeding end 3212 or the second feeding end 3221 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200. Specifically, because the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are both disposed on the dielectric substrate 270, the dielectric substrate 310 is provided with two plug-in tongues 316. The two plug-in tongues 316 correspond to the coupling portion 260 of the first radiating arm 210 and the coupling portion 260 of the third radiating arm 230, respectively. This allows the first feeding end 3212 and the second feeding end 3221 to extend to the two plug-in tongues 316, respectively, so that the first feeding end 3212 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the first radiating arm 210, and the second feeding end 3221 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the third radiating arm 230. Preferably, the coupling portion 260 is sheet-shaped.

[0044] In one embodiment, a clearance space is provided on the insertion hole 271. That is, the diameter of the insertion hole 271 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the insertion tongue 316. The first feeding end 3212 or the second feeding end 3221 on the insertion tongue 316 faces the clearance space, thereby preventing the first feeding end 3212 or the second feeding end 3221 from physically connecting to the radiating portion 250 on the dielectric substrate 270. In another embodiment, the insertion hole 271 is an insulating hole.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 210 is provided with a first coupling branch (not shown), and the second radiating arm 220 is provided with a second coupling branch (not shown). The first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are coupled to each other, thereby coupling the first radiating arm 210 and the second radiating arm 220, improving the radiation efficiency of the first radiating arm 210 and the second radiating arm 220, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating unit 100. The first radiating arm 210 can also couple excess first current to the second radiating arm 220 to prevent the first radiating arm 210 from being burned by the excessive first current. Preferably, the first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are both extended toward the bottom 313 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300 to save space in the radiating unit 100 and reduce its volume.

[0046] In one embodiment, in combination with Figure 2a and Figure 2b, in the projection direction of the front surface 311 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300, the projection of the balun feed line 321 arranged on the front surface 311 of the dielectric plate 310 overlaps with the projection of the balun ground line 322 arranged on the back surface 312 of the dielectric plate 310, and the projection of the balun feed line 321 partially overlaps with the projection of the balun ground line 322 to form a projection overlapping area.

[0047] The area of ​​the projected overlap region is greater than 30% of the area of ​​the balun feed line 321 or the area of ​​the balun ground line 322, thereby increasing the area of ​​the coupling region between the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322, improving the coupling efficiency between the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322, and reducing parasitic radiation of surface waves. This facilitates reducing the metal volume of the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322, reducing the mutual coupling between the balun feed line and the balun ground line of a balun corresponding to another polarization of the same radiating element 100, and also reducing the mutual coupling between the baluns of adjacent radiating elements, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating element 100 and the antenna in which the radiating element 100 is located. Furthermore, the reduced metal volume of the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 facilitates the miniaturization of the balun 300, resulting in miniaturized radiation, reducing the production cost of the balun 300, and improving the time competitiveness of the radiating element 100. Preferably, the area of ​​the projected overlapping region is greater than 50% of the area of ​​the balun feed line 321 or the area of ​​the balun ground line 322 .

[0048] In a further embodiment, the difference between the average line width of the balun feed line 321 and the average line width of the balun ground line 322 is less than 3 times, that is, the average line width of the balun feed line 321 is less than 3 times the average line width of the balun ground line 322, or the average line width of the balun ground line 322 is less than 3 times the average line width of the balun feed line 321. In the projection direction of the front surface 311, the area of ​​the overlapping projection region formed by the overlapping projection of the balun ground line 322 and the balun feed line 321 is as large as possible relative to the area of ​​the balun feed line 321 or the area of ​​the balun ground line 322, so as to improve the coupling efficiency between the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322.

[0049] Furthermore, by adjusting the line width of each section on the extension path of the balun feed line 321 and / or the line width of each section on the extension path of the balun ground line 322, the impedance matching of the radiating unit 100 is adjusted, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating unit 100. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the line width of each section on the extension path of the balun feed line 321 and the line width of each section on the extension path of the balun ground line 322 according to the requirements of the radiating unit 100, which is not limited in this application, to improve the radiation performance of the radiating unit 100.

[0050] In a typical embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 1, the radiation unit 100 includes two pairs of radiation arms 200 and a pair of baluns 300, and the pair of baluns 300 feeds the two pairs of radiation arms 200. The structure of each balun 300 is the same as the structure of the balun 300 described above, and the connection relationship between the balun 300 and the pair of radiation arms 200 is also the same as the connection relationship between the balun 300 and the pair of radiation arms 200 described above.

[0051] The pair of radiation arms 200 of the two pairs of radiation arms 200 with the first polarization are respectively referred to as a first radiation arm 210 and a third radiation arm 230 , and the pair of radiation arms 200 with the second polarization are respectively referred to as a second radiation arm 220 and a fourth radiation arm 240 ; the balun 300 connected to the pair of radiation arms 200 with the first polarization is referred to as a first balun 340 , and the balun 300 connected to the pair of radiation arms 200 with the second polarization is referred to as a second balun 350 .

[0052] The first balun 340 and the second balun 350 are plugged into each other. Specifically, referring to Figures 2a and 2b, a first plugging slot 343 is provided on the extension arm 342 of the dielectric plate 341 of the first balun 340. Referring to Figure 5, a second plugging slot 353 is provided on the extension arm 352 of the dielectric plate 351 of the second balun 350. The opening of the first plugging slot 343 faces away from the dielectric substrate 270, and the opening of the second plugging slot 353 faces toward the dielectric substrate 270, so that the first plugging slot 343 and the second plugging slot 353 can be plugged into each other, so that the first balun 340 and the second balun 350 are plugged and fixed. Moreover, by setting the plug-in slots of the two baluns on their respective extension arms, the distance between the main bodies of the dielectric plates of the first balun 340 and the second balun 350 can be increased, so as to reduce the mutual coupling between the balun circuits of the first balun 340 and the balun circuits of the second balun 350, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0053] The dielectric plate 341 of the first balun 340 and the dielectric plate 351 of the second balun 350 are cross-connected with each other, and the angle between the dielectric plate 341 of the first balun 340 and the dielectric plate 351 of the second balun 350 is greater than or equal to 90°, specifically refer to angle A in Figure 4, so as to increase the distance between the balun line of the first balun 340 and the balun line of the second balun 350, reduce the mutual coupling between the first balun 340 and the second balun 350, and improve the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0054] 2a and 2b , the feed input terminal 3451 of the balun feed line 345 of the first balun 340 is electrically connected to the first feed network, and the ground terminal 3461 of the balun ground line 346 of the first balun 340 is electrically connected to the metal ground of the first feed network or the metal ground of the second feed network. In conjunction with FIG5 , the feed input terminal of the balun feed line (not shown) of the second balun 350 is electrically connected to the third feed network (not shown), and the ground terminal 3561 of the balun ground line 356 of the second balun 350 is electrically connected to the metal ground of the third feed network or the metal ground of the second feed network. In one embodiment, the ground terminal 3461 of the first balun 340 and the ground terminal 3561 of the second balun 350 are both connected to the metal ground of the second feed network.

[0055] In one embodiment, referring to FIG1 , the radiating unit 100 is disposed on an external plugboard 410. Referring to FIG2a and FIG2b , the bottom 313 of the dielectric board 310 of the balun 300 of the radiating unit 100 is provided with a plug-in tab 317. The plugboard 410 has a fixing hole (not shown) corresponding to the plug-in tab 317, and the plug-in tab 317 is inserted into the fixing hole. Referring to FIG2a , the plug-in tab 347 of the first balun 340 of the radiating unit 100 is inserted into the corresponding fixing hole. Referring to FIG5 , the plug-in tab 357 of the second balun 350 is also inserted into the corresponding fixing hole, so that the radiating unit 100 can be stably disposed on the reflector 510. Preferably, the first, second, and third feed networks are all disposed on the plugboard 410.

[0056] In a typical embodiment of the present application, the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 are printed on the dielectric board 310 .

[0057] In another embodiment, referring to Figures 6 to 9 , the balun feed line 321 is a metal conductive sheet, and referring to Figures 10 and 11 , the balun ground line 322 is also a metal conductive sheet. The balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 are disposed on the dielectric plate 310. The balun feed line 321 is integrally formed of sheet metal, and the balun ground line 322 is also integrally formed of sheet metal.

[0058] 8 and 9 , the first feeding end 3212 of the balun feed line 321 has a sheet-like structure, allowing the first feeding end 3212 to couple in parallel with the coupling portion 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200, thereby improving coupling efficiency. In conjunction with FIG10 and 11 , the second feeding end 3221 of the balun ground line 322 also has a sheet-like structure, allowing the second feeding end 3221 to couple in parallel with the coupling portion 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200, thereby improving coupling efficiency.

[0059] Specifically, in conjunction with Figures 7 and 8, the dielectric plate 310 is provided with a through mounting hole (not shown) along its longitudinal direction, and the balun feed line 321 is arranged in the mounting hole. The first feeding end 3212 and the feeding input end 3211 of the balun feed line 321 extend from both ends of the mounting hole, respectively, so that the first feeding end 3212 is electrically connected to the corresponding radiating arm 200, and the feeding input end 3211 is electrically connected to the first feeding network. In this embodiment, the balun feed line 321 and the dielectric plate 310 are integrally injection molded to facilitate production and processing and reduce costs. In another embodiment, the balun ground line 322 is also arranged in the mounting hole. Alternatively, one of the balun ground line 321 and the balun feed line 322 is arranged in the mounting hole.

[0060] In this embodiment, a fixing structure is provided on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 310 , and a matching structure is provided on the balun grounding line 322 . The fixing structure and the matching structure are connected so that the balun grounding line 322 is fixedly provided on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 310 .

[0061] Specifically, referring to Figures 10 and 11 , the fixing structure includes a plurality of fixing posts 319 protruding from the back surface. The balun grounding line 322 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 3223 or fixing slots. The fixing posts 319 are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of fixing holes 3223 or fixing slots, thereby securing the balun grounding line 322 to the dielectric plate 310. Alternatively, a fixing structure is provided on the balun grounding line 322, while a mating structure is provided on the dielectric plate 310, thereby securing the balun grounding line 322 to the dielectric plate 310. In another embodiment, a fixing structure is also provided on the front surface of the dielectric plate 310, and a mating structure is also provided on the balun feed line 321, thereby securing the balun feed line 321 to the front surface of the dielectric plate 310.

[0062] In a further embodiment, referring to Figures 10 and 11 , the radiating unit 100 further includes a connecting base 360, which is grounded. A grounding end 3461 (referred to as the first grounding end 3461) of the balun grounding wire 346 of the first balun 340 and a grounding end 3561 (referred to as the second grounding end 3561) of the balun grounding wire 356 of the second balun 350 are both connected to the connecting base 360. In this embodiment, the first grounding end 3461, the second grounding end 3561, and the connecting base 360 ​​are integrally formed.

[0063] In one embodiment, a coaxial cable 420 is provided on the first feeding network and / or the second feeding network, and the balun feed line 321 is fed via the coaxial cable 420. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is welded to the connector 360, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is welded to the feed input end 3211 of the balun feed line 321, thereby feeding the balun feed line 321 via the coaxial cable 420.

[0064] Specifically, the connector 360 is provided with a conductor slot 361 corresponding to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is welded to the conductor slot 361. The feed input end 3211 of the balun feed line 321 is provided with a via hole (not shown), and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 420 passes through the via hole and is welded to the feed input end 3211.

[0065] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 form a first dipole, and the second radiating arm 220 and the fourth radiating arm 240 form a second dipole, so that the radiating unit 100 is a dipole radiating unit 100 .

[0066] The present application also provides an antenna, as shown in FIG12 . The antenna includes a reflector 510 and a radiating array disposed on the reflector 510. The radiating array includes a low-frequency radiating array 520 and a high-frequency radiating array 530. The low-frequency radiating array 520 includes a plurality of low-frequency radiating units fed in parallel with each other, and the low-frequency radiating units are the radiating units 100 described above. The high-frequency radiating array 530 includes a plurality of high-frequency radiating units 100 fed in parallel with each other, and the low-frequency radiating array 520 and the high-frequency radiating array 530 are disposed adjacent to each other.

[0067] The low-frequency radiation column 520 and the high-frequency radiation column 530 are collinearly arranged along the same axis. Since the low-frequency radiation unit of the low-frequency radiation column 520 is the radiation unit 100 described above, the low-frequency radiation unit 100 can reduce the mutual coupling with the balun of the adjacent high-frequency radiation unit or the balun of the low-frequency radiation unit through the balun 300 without affecting the radiation performance of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit or high-frequency radiation unit.

[0068] The present application also provides a base station, which is configured with the antenna described above and receives or transmits antenna signals of the corresponding frequency band through the antenna.

[0069] To sum up, the radiating unit of the present application feeds a pair of radiating arms through the balun feed line and the balun ground line on the balun respectively. The balun feed line and the balun ground line constitute a balun line, so that there is no need to set up a dedicated balun line for each radiating arm, so as to reduce the number of balun lines, thereby reducing the volume of the balun, and then reducing the volume of the radiating unit. The reduction in the number of balun lines can reduce the mutual coupling between multiple baluns of the same radiating unit and improve the radiation performance of the radiating unit.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises two pairs of radiating arms arranged with orthogonal polarizations and a pair of baluns respectively feeding the two pairs of radiating arms, wherein the balun comprises a dielectric plate and a balun line, wherein the balun line comprises a balun feeding line arranged on the front surface of the dielectric plate and a balun grounding line arranged on the back surface of the dielectric plate, and the balun feeding line and the balun grounding line respectively feed two radiating arms of the same polarization.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The current fed into the balun feed line has a 180° phase difference with the current coupled to the balun ground line via the balun feed line.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balun feeding line includes a first feeding end arranged at the top of the front side, the first feeding end is electrically connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization, and the balun grounding line includes a second feeding end arranged at the top of the reverse side, the second feeding end is electrically connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dielectric plate has an L-shaped structure, including a main body and an extension arm connected to the top of the main body, the main body is correspondingly arranged below one of the radiating arms of the same polarization, the extension arm extends along the top of the main body toward the direction of another radiating arm of the same polarization, and the first feeding end and the second feeding end are respectively located at two ends of the extension arm to be correspondingly connected to the radiating arms above the two ends of the extension arm.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The balun feeding line is arranged on the front side of the dielectric plate and extends on the extension arm, the first feeding end is arranged on the end of the extension arm close to the main body, and is connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization; the balun grounding line is arranged on the back side of the dielectric plate, the second feeding end is arranged on the end of the extension arm away from the main body, and is connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization for feeding.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The balun feeding line also includes a feeding input terminal arranged at the bottom of the front surface, and the feeding input terminal is electrically connected to the first feeding network. The balun grounding line also includes a grounding terminal arranged at the bottom of the reverse surface, and the grounding terminal is electrically connected to the metal ground of the second feeding network.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric plates of the pair of baluns are plugged into each other, and the two dielectric plates are arranged to cross each other at an angle, wherein the angle is ≥90°.

8. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balun feeding line and the balun grounding line have an overlapping projection area of ​​more than 30% in the projection direction of the front surface of the dielectric plate.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The overlapping area exceeds 50% of the area of ​​the balun feed line or the balun ground line.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average line width of the balun feed line is smaller than 3 times the average line width of the balun ground line, or the average line width of the balun ground line is smaller than 3 times the average line width of the balun feed line.

11. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The balun feeding line is a metal conductive sheet, the balun grounding line is also a metal conductive sheet, and the balun feeding line and the balun grounding line are fixedly arranged on the dielectric board.

12. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The balun feed line is formed of sheet metal in one piece, and the balun ground line is also formed of sheet metal in one piece.

13. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The dielectric plate is provided with a mounting hole which penetrates along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the balun feed line and / or the balun ground line are arranged in the mounting hole.

14. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The balun feed line and / or the balun ground line are integrally injection-molded with the dielectric plate.

15. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The dielectric plate is provided with a fixing structure, and the balun feed line and / or the balun ground line are provided with a matching structure corresponding to the fixing structure, and the fixing structure is fixed to the matching structure so that the balun feed line and / or the balun ground line are fixedly matched with the dielectric plate.

16. The radiation unit according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radiation unit further includes a connection base, to which the grounding ends of the balun grounding wires of each of the pair of baluns extend, and the two grounding ends are integrally formed with the connection base.

17. The radiation unit according to claim 16, characterized in that The outer conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the connection seat, and the inner conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the balun feed line.

18. An antenna, comprising a reflector and a radiation array, wherein the radiation array comprises a low-frequency radiation column and a high-frequency radiation column, characterized in that: There is at least one low-frequency radiation column arranged between the multiple high-frequency radiation columns, and the low-frequency radiation column is composed of a plurality of low-frequency radiation units, and the low-frequency radiation unit is the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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