Apoptosis inhibitor molybdate salts for treating cancer
A molybdate salt formulation of sepantronium bromide addresses the challenges of continuous IV infusion by providing an effective and convenient treatment for cancer with c-Myc rearrangement and/or MYCN amplification or overexpression.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/125863
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-10-19
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-24
AI Technical Summary
Current administration methods for sepantronium bromide, such as continuous IV infusion over multiple days, are not ideal due to their complexity and potential drawbacks, necessitating a more convenient and effective formulation for treating cancer.
Development of a molybdate salt, specifically 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate, or its solvate, which can be administered in a form that does not require continuous infusion, while maintaining therapeutic efficacy.
The molybdate salt formulation provides effective treatment for cancer with c-Myc rearrangement and/or MYCN amplification or overexpression, offering a more convenient administration route compared to traditional continuous infusion methods.
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Abstract
Description
APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR MOLYBDATE SALTS FOR TREATING CANCER
[0001] This application claims the benefit of International application No. PCT / CN2023 / 125477 filed on October 19, 2023, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present disclosure relates to 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate or solvate thereof, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the molybdate salt or solvate, and therapeutic uses thereof. In particular, the molybdate salt or solvate is useful for treating cancer which has a c-Myc rearrangement and / or MYCN amplification or overexpression.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Sepantronium bromide (1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium bromide) , also known as YM155 monobromide, YM155, SepB, PC-002, or PC002, is a small imidazolium-based proapoptotic agent, which has been developed for treating solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, including B-cell lymphomas and prostate cancer.
[0004] Sepantronium bromide selectively suppresses survivin mRNA and protein expression in vitro and induces tumor cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The antiproliferative effect of sepantronium bromide in vitro is potentiated by longer duration of exposure and is therefore time dependent. Sepantronium bromide has been studied as a continuous IV infusion administration for 7 days in a 21-day treatment cycle.
[0005] However, continuous infusion over multiple days is not an ideal route of administration. Thus, there is a need to provide sepantronium bromide or an analog or derivative in a form that does not require continuous infusion, yet provides the therapeutic efficacy required for treatment.
[0006] The present disclosure address this and other unmet needs.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present disclosure provides a molybdate salt, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate, or a solvate thereof.
[0008] In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the solvate is a water solvate, an acetonitrile solvate, an ethanol solvate, an N-methyl pyrrolidone solvate, an N, N-dimethylacetamide solvate, a hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate solvate, an N , N-dimethylformamide solvate. In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate.
[0009] In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the molybdate salt or the solvate is crystalline. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or the solvate is amorphous.
[0010] In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 90%or higher. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 95%or higher. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 98%or higher.
[0011] In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the molybdate salt comprises less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight.
[0012] In some embodiments of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is purified and isolated.
[0013] The present disclosure also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising any one of the molybdate salt as disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.4%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.3%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.2%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.1%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt.
[0014] The present disclosure further provides a crystalline form of a molybdate salt or a solvate thereof.
[0015] In some embodiments, the crystalline form is a crystalline Form I of a molybdate salt, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate. In some embodiments, the crystalline Form I is a non-solvate.
[0016] In some embodiments, the Form I molybdate salt exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks at 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 1C. In some embodiments, the Form I molybdate salt exhibits a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram comprising an endotherm peak which onsets at about 258 ℃. In some embodiments, the Form I molybdate salt exhibits weight percent loss of about 0.45%between RT (about 20-25 ℃) to about 240 ℃ by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) . In some embodiments, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt is anhydrous.
[0017] In some embodiments, the crystalline form is a solvated crystalline Form II of a molybdate salt, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate. In some embodiments, the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate.
[0018] In some embodiments, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks at 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 2A.
[0019] In some embodiments, the crystalline form is a crystalline Form III of a molybdate salt, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt is a non-solvate.
[0020] In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 2C. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt exhibits a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram comprising an endotherm peak which onsets at about 260 ℃. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt exhibits weight percent loss of about 0.85%between RT (about 20-25 ℃) to about 150 ℃ by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) .
[0021] In some embodiments, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt is substantially free of acetonitrile solvent. In some embodiments, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt is anhydrous.
[0022] In some embodiments, the molybdate salt disclosed herein comprises an imidazolium cation and a molybdate cluster. In some embodiments, the imidazolium cation moiety is defined as 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3, -d] imidazolium, with a molecular formula of (C20H19N4O3) +. In some embodiments, the Mo cluster of the molybdate salt or the solvate is assembled from molybdate anion moieties. In some embodiments, the molybdate anion moieties have a molecular formula of (Mo4O13) 2-, (Mo8O26) 4-, or (Mo12O39) 6-. In some embodiments, the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo4O13) 2-. In some embodiments, when the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo4O13) 2-, the Form I, Form II, or Form III molybdate salt comprises a 2: 1 stoichiometric ratio of imidazolium cation to molybdate anion. In some embodiments, when the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo4O13) 2-, the Form I molybdate salt comprises a 2: 1 stoichiometric ratio of imidazolium cation to molybdate anion. In some embodiments, the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo8O26) 4-. In some embodiments, when the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo8O26) 4-, the Form I, Form II, or Form III molybdate salt comprises a 4: 1 stoichiometric ratio of imidazolium cation to molybdate anion. In some embodiments, the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo12O39) 6-. In some embodiments, when the molybdate anion moiety has a molecular formula of (Mo12O39) 6-, the Form I, Form II, or Form III molybdate salt comprises a 6: 1 stoichiometric ratio of imidazolium cation to molybdate anion.
[0023] In some embodiments of the crystalline form of the molybdate salt disclosed herein, the crystalline form disclosed herein has a purity of about 90%or higher. In some embodiments, the crystalline form has a purity of about 95%or higher. In some embodiments, the crystalline form has a purity of about 98%or higher. In some embodiments, the crystalline form has a purity of about 98%or higher after 35 days at 40 ℃ and 75%relative humidity (RH) . In some embodiments, the crystalline form has a purity of about 98%or higher after 35 days at 60 ℃. In some embodiments, the crystalline form comprises less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight. In some embodiments, the crystalline form is purified and isolated.
[0024] The present disclosure further provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising any one of the crystalline forms of the molybdate salt disclosed herein and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the crystalline form of the molybdate salt comprising less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the crystalline form of the molybdate salt.
[0025] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition further comprising one or more additional therapeutically active agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim.
[0026] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated to be administered orally, nasally, transdermally, topically, pulmonary, inhalationally, buccally, sublingually, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, intraportally, or parenterally, or as an implant.
[0027] The present disclosure further provides methods of treating cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of any one of the molybdate salts or solvate thereof as disclosed herein, any one of the crystalline forms of the molybdate salt as disclosed herein, or any one of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising a molybdate salt or solvate thereof as disclosed herein.
[0028] In some embodiments of the method as disclosed herein, the cancer has a c-Myc rearrangement, amplification, or overexpression, and / or MYCN amplification or overexpression. In some embodiments, the cancer is a solid tumor or a hematologic malignancy. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is myeloid disorder, lymphoid disorder, leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , myeloproliferative disease (MPD) , mast cell disorder, or myeloma. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) , T-cell ALL (T-ALL) , B-cell ALL (B-ALL) , acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , granulocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) , blast phase CML, small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) , CLL / SLL, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) , non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) , B-cell NHL, CD20-positive B cell NHL, T-cell NHL, indolent NHL (iNHL) , high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) , diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) , mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) , aggressive B-cell NHL, B-cell lymphoma (BCL) , Richter's syndrome (RS) , T-cell lymphoma (TCL) , peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) , cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) , transformed mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) , follicular lymphoma (FL) , Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) , lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, malignant lymphoma, plasmocytoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, multiple myeloma (MM) , metastatic myeloma, amyloidosis, MPD, essential thrombocytosis (ET) , myelofibrosis (MF) , polycythemia vera (PV) , chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) , myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , high-risk MDS, or low-risk MDS. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) or a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) . In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is Burkitt lymphoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, liver cancer, uterine cancer, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, colon or rectum cancer, urinary bladder cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric (stomach) cancer, head and neck cancer, bone cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, lymphoma, or leukemia. In some embodiments, the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) , neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) , hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) , neuroblastoma, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) , HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer, or hemangiosarcoma. In some embodiments, the cancer is relapsed or refractory. In some embodiments, the cancer is neuroendocrine prostate cancer. In some embodiments, the cancer is small cell lung cancer.
[0029] In some embodiments of the methods as disclosed herein, the methods further comprise administering one or more additional therapeutically active agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim.
[0030] The present disclosure further provides a method of inhibiting or reducing the expression of c-Myc protein level in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of the molybdate salts or solvate thereof as disclosed herein, any one of the crystalline forms of the molybdate salt as disclosed herein, or any one of the pharmaceutical compositions comprising a molybdate salt or solvate thereof as disclosed herein.
[0031] The present disclosure further provides a method of degrading c-Myc protein in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof as disclosed herein, any one of the crystalline form of the molybdate salt as disclosed herein, or any one of the pharmaceutical composition comprising the molybdate salt or solvate thereof as disclosed herein.
[0032] In some embodiments of any one of the methods as disclosed herein, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the crystalline form, or the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject orally, nasally, transdermally, topically, pulmonary, inhalationally, buccally, sublingually, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, intraportally, or parenterally, or as an implant.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] Fig. 1A shows X-ray power diffraction spectra for crystalline Form I prepared according to Table 10. Fig. 1B shows X-ray power diffraction spectra for crystalline Form I prepared according to Table 11. Fig. 1C shows X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) spectrum of crystalline Form I molybdate salt. Fig. 1D shows differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) thermograms of crystalline Form I molybdate salt. Fig. 1E shows the 1H NMR spectrum and chemical shift assignments for crystalline Form I molybdate salt. Fig. 1F shows a DVS isotherm plot for the crystalline Form I molybdate salt. Fig. 1G shows a DVS mass plot for the crystalline Form I molybdate salt.
[0034] Fig. 2A shows XRPD spectrum of crystalline Form II molybdate salt. Fig. 2B shows XRPD spectra of Forms I, II, and III of the molybdate salt and an XRPD of the molybdate salt evaluated by single crystal analysis. Fig. 2C shows XRPD spectrum of crystalline Form III of the molybdate salt. Fig. 2D shows DSC and TGA thermograms of crystalline Form III of the molybdate salt. Fig. 2E shows the 1H NMR spectrum of crystalline Form III.
[0035] Fig. 3 shows X-ray power diffraction spectra for crystalline Form I molybdate salt subjected to stability testing according to the parameters provided in Table 13.
[0036] Fig. 4A shows the asymmetric unit for the 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate salt crystal structure. Fig. 4B shows the unit cell for the 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate salt crystal structure. Fig. 4C shows the molybdate cluster in the single crystal X-ray structure.
[0037] Fig. 5A shows the antitumor activity of PC002 bromide via continuous intravenous (IV) administration and PC002 molybdate via intramuscular (IM) administration in a human diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) SU-DHL-10 mouse xenograft model. Fig. 5B shows weight loss in mice for PC002 bromide via continuous intravenous (IV) administration and PC002 molybdate via intramuscular (IM) administration in a human diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) SU-DHL-10 mouse xenograft model.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] All publications, patents and patent applications, including any drawings and appendices therein are incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application, drawing, or appendix was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
[0039] Definitions
[0040] While the following terms are believed to be well understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the following definitions are set forth to facilitate explanation of the presently disclosed subject matter.
[0041] Throughout the present specification, the terms “about” and / or “approximately” may be used in conjunction with numerical values and / or ranges. The term “about” is understood to mean those values near to a recited value. Furthermore, the phrases “less than about [avalue] ” or “greater than about [avalue] ” should be understood in view of the definition of the term “about” provided herein. The terms “about” and “approximately” may be used interchangeably.
[0042] Throughout the present specification, numerical ranges are provided for certain quantities. It is to be understood that these ranges comprise all subranges therein. Thus, the range “from 50 to 80” includes all possible ranges therein (e.g., 51-79, 52-78, 53-77, 54-76, 55-75, 60-70, etc. ) . Furthermore, all values within a given range may be an endpoint for the range encompassed thereby (e.g., the range 50-80 includes the ranges with endpoints such as 55-80, 50-75, etc. ) .
[0043] The term “a” or “an” refers to one or more of that entity; for example, “an apoptosis inhibitor” refers to one or more apoptosis inhibitors or at least one apoptosis inhibitor. As such, the terms “a” (or “an” ) , “one or more” and “at least one” are used interchangeably herein. In addition, reference to “an inhibitor” by the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude the possibility that more than one of the inhibitors is present, unless the context clearly requires that there is one and only one of the inhibitors.
[0044] As used herein, the verb “comprise” as is used in this description and in the claims and its conjugations are used in its non-limiting sense to mean that items following the word are included, but items not specifically mentioned are not excluded. The present invention may suitably “comprise” , “consist of” , or “consist essentially of” , the steps, elements, and / or reagents described in the claims.
[0045] It is further noted that the claims may be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive terminology as "solely" , "only" and the like in connection with the recitation of claim elements, or the use of a "negative" limitation.
[0046] The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salts” includes both acid and base addition salts. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those obtained by reacting the active compound functioning as a base, with an inorganic or organic acid to form a salt, for example, salts of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, formic acid, hydrobromic acid, benzoic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, salicylic acid, mandelic acid, carbonic acid, etc. Those skilled in the art will further recognize that acid addition salts may be prepared by reaction of the compounds with the appropriate inorganic or organic acid via any of a number of known methods.
[0047] As used herein, “solvate” refers to a complex formed by solvation that results from the combination of solvent molecules, e.g., acetonitrile, water, etc., with molecules or ions of the active agent disclosed herein, or an aggregate that consists of a solute ion or molecule of the active agent disclosed herein with one or more solvent molecules. In some embodiments, the solvate is a hydrate. The term “hydrate” , as used herein, refers to a solvate of which the solvent is water. Examples of a hydrate include, but are not limited to, hemihydrate, monohydrate, dihydrate, trihydrate, hexahydrate, etc. The solvate can be formed via solvation or hydration that is either part of the preparation of the present compound or through natural absorption of moisture by the anhydrous (i.e., water-free) compound of the present disclosure. The solvates disclosed herein may exist, for example, with two, three, four, five, or six molybdate salt molecules per solvate or per hydrate molecule. Pharmaceutically acceptable solvents used for crystallization, such as alcohols (e.g., methanol and ethanol) ; aldehydes; ketones, (e.g., acetone) ; and esters, e.g., ethyl acetate, may be embedded in the crystal grating or lattice. The identification of a solvate can be achieved by any method known in the art, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In some embodiments, the molybdate salts disclosed herein are non-solvates, meaning the crystal grating or lattice is free (per the limits of detection) of solvent and water molecules.
[0048] The term "treating" means one or more of relieving, alleviating, delaying, reducing, improving, or managing at least one symptom of a condition in a subject. The term "treating" may also mean one or more of arresting, delaying the onset (i.e., the period prior to clinical manifestation of the condition) or reducing the risk of developing or worsening a condition.
[0049] An "effective amount" means the amount of a formulation according to the invention that, when administered to a patient for treating a state, disorder or condition is sufficient to effect such treatment. The "effective amount" will vary depending on the active ingredient, the state, disorder, or condition to be treated and its severity, and the age, weight, physical condition and responsiveness of the mammal to be treated.
[0050] The term "therapeutically effective" applied to dose or amount refers to that quantity of a compound or pharmaceutical formulation that is sufficient to result in a desired clinical benefit after administration to a patient in need thereof.
[0051] As used herein, a “subject” can be a human, non-human primate, mammal, rat, mouse, cow, horse, pig, sheep, goat, dog, cat and the like. The subject can be suspected of having or at risk for having a cancer, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, salivary gland carcinoma, or endometrial cancer, or suspected of having or at risk for having acne, hirsutism, alopecia, benign prostatic hyperplasia, ovarian cysts, polycystic ovary disease, precocious puberty, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, or age-related macular degeneration. Diagnostic methods for various cancers, including but not limited to prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia, are known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0052] “Mammal” includes humans and both domestic animals such as laboratory animals (e.g., mice, rats, monkeys, dogs, etc. ) and household pets (e.g., cats, dogs, swine, cattle, sheep, goats, horses, rabbits) , and non-domestic animals such as wildlife and the like.
[0053] All weight percentages (i.e., "%by weight" and "wt. %" and w / w) referenced herein, unless otherwise indicated, are measured relative to the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
[0054] As used herein, "substantially" or "substantial" refers to the complete or nearly complete extent or degree of an action, characteristic, property, state, structure, item, or result. For example, an object that is "substantially" enclosed would mean that the object is either completely enclosed or nearly completely enclosed. In another example, an XRPD pattern that is “substantially” similar to another XRPD pattern would mean that the one skilled in the art would understand the two patterns to be of the same substance in the same form. The exact allowable degree of deviation from absolute completeness may in some cases depend on the specific context. However, generally speaking, the nearness of completion will be so as to have the same overall result as if absolute and total completion were obtained. The use of "substantially" is equally applicable when used in a negative connotation to refer to the complete or near complete lack of action, characteristic, property, state, structure, item, or result. For example, a composition that is "substantially free of" other active agents would either completely lack other active agents, or so nearly completely lack other active agents that the effect would be the same as if it completely lacked other active agents. In other words, a composition that is "substantially free of" an ingredient or element or another active agent may still contain such an item as long as there is no measurable effect thereof.
[0055] Polymorphism can be characterized as the ability of a compound to crystallize into different crystal forms, while maintaining the same chemical formula. A crystalline polymorph of a given drug substance is chemically identical to any other crystalline polymorph of that drug substance in containing the same atoms bonded to one another in the same way, but differs in its crystal forms, which can affect one or more physical properties, such as stability, solubility, melting point, bulk density, flow properties, bioavailability, etc.
[0056] The following description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed inventions, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0057] Sepantronium bromide (1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium bromide) , also known as YM155 monobromide, YM155, SepB, or PC-002, or PC002is a small imidazolium-based proapoptotic agent, which has been evaluated for treating solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, including B-cell lymphomas and prostate cancer. Sepantronium bromide has been studied in an continuous IV infusion administration -see e.g., clinical trials NCT05263583, NCT00818480 , NCT01023386, NCT00498914, NCT00281541, NCT01007292, NCT01038804, NCT01009775, NCT00328588, NCT00257478, NCT01100931, and NCT00514267, and publications such as J. Clin Oncol. 2008 Nov 10; 26 (32) : 5198-203, Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jun 1; 15 (11) : 3872-80, J. Clin Oncol. 2009 Sep 20; 27 (27) : 4481-6, Invest New Drugs. 2011 Feb; 29 (1) : 161-6, Ann Oncol. 2012 Apr; 23 (4) : 968-73, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2012 Sep; 70 (3) : 373-80, Invest New Drugs. 2013 Apr; 31 (2) : 443-51, Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2013 Mar; 34 (2) : 137-40, Cancer. 2012 Jun 15; 118 (12) : 3128-34, and Leuk Lymphoma. 2016 Aug; 57 (8) : 1848-55; Sepantronium bromide was evaluated as a 3-day (72 h) continuous infusion -see Ann Oncol. 2013 Oct; 24 (10) : 2601-2606) .
[0058] Continuous infusion over multiple days provides many challenges, as is therefore not a desirable mode of administration for the patient. There is thus a need to provide sepantronium bromide or analog / derivative that could provide similar or better therapeutic efficacy, but has a much more desirable mode of administration for the patient. Such advantages could be, for example, a sepantronium salt that can deliver longer release of the drug, thereby foregoing continuous or long infusion times, or that simply avoids IV infusion administration altogether.
[0059] Molybdate Salts
[0060] To address the aforementioned issues, the present disclosure relates to 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate (the “molybdate salt” ) or a solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt in a solvate. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is a non-solvate. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is anhydrous.
[0061] In one embodiment, the molybdate salt has the structure:
[0062] In another embodiment, the molybdate salt has the structure:
[0063] In still another embodiment, the molybdate salt has the structure:
[0064] In one embodiment, the molybdate salt has an aqueous solubility of about 0.002 mg / mL in water after stirring for 0.5 hours.
[0065] In another embodiment, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof disclosed herein has a purity of at least about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, about 99.0 %, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90%. In one embodiment, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of at least about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, about 99.0 %, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90%with minimal photodegradation. In a specific embodiment, the molybdate salt has a purity of at least about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, about 99.0 %, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90%after light exposure / irradiation. In another specific embodiment, the purity after light exposure is determined by XRPD, HPLC and / or appearance. In a specific embodiment, the molybdate salt is in the solid form. In another embodiment, the solid form is Form I Molybdate Salt disclosed herein. In yet another embodiment, the solid form is Form II Molybdate Salt disclosed herein. In yet another embodiment, the solid form is Form III Molybdate Salt disclosed herein. In still another embodiment, the solid form is a combination of the Form I and Form II Molybdate Salt, a combination of the Form I and Form III Molybdate Salt, a combination of the Form II and Form III Molybdate Salt, a combination of the Form I, Form II and Form III Molybdate Salt disclosed herein.
[0066] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to non-solvated forms of the molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a solvate of the molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is in a solid form. In one embodiment, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is in a crystalline form. In one embodiment, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is in an amorphous form. In one embodiment, the solvate of the molybdate salt is an acetonitrile solvate.
[0067] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate is in a crystalline Form I, Form II or Form III. In some embodiments, the solid form of the molybdate salt is a non-solvate referred to as Form I (Fig. 1C) . In some embodiments, the solid form of the molybdate salt is an acetonitrile solvate referred to as Form II (Fig. 2A) . In some embodiments, the ratio of cation to acetonitrile in the solid form is about 4: 1, about 3: 1, about 2: 1, about 1: 1, about 1: 2, about 1: 3, or about 1: 4. In some embodiments, the ratio of cation to acetonitrile in the solid form is about 1: 1. In some embodiments, the solid form of the molybdate salt is a non-solvate referred to as Form III (Fig. 2C) . In one embodiment, the Form II acetonitrile solvate is unstable after 2 days at room temperature and undergoes conversion to Form III.
[0068] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an isolated solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the isolated solid form is an isolated crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the isolated solid form is crystalline Forms I and / or Form II and / or Form III described herein. In one embodiment, the isolated molybdate salt is crystalline Form I Molybdate Salt described herein. In one embodiment, the isolated molybdate salt is crystalline Form II Molybdate Salt described herein. In one embodiment, the isolated molybdate salt is crystalline Form III Molybdate Salt described herein.
[0069] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 97%, at least about 98%, or at least about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0070] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of at least about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, about 99.0 %, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of at least about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, about 99.0 %, about 98%, about 97%, about 96%, about 95%, about 94%, about 93%, about 92%, about 91%, or about 90%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0071] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 75%to about 99%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 80%to about 99%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 85%to about 99%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 90%to about 99%. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 95%to about 99%.
[0072] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 75%to about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 80%to about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 85%to about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 90%to about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof has a purity of about 95%to about 99%with respect to one specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0073] In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 0.2%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 1%, less than about 0.9%, less than about 0.8%, less than about 0.7%, less than about 0.6%, less than about 0.5%, less than about 0.4%, less than about 0.3%, or less than about 0.2%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0074] In one embodiment, the specific solid form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof with high purity is crystalline Form I molybdate salt. In one embodiment, Form I molybdate salt is the most thermodynamically stable form of the molybdate salt or solvate compared to Form II or Form III.
[0075] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to mixtures of solid forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, wherein the mixture comprises one or more solid forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0076] Crystalline Forms of the Molybdate Salt or Solvate Thereof
[0077] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a non-solvated crystalline form of the molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a solvate of the molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline Form I, Form II or Form III of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0078] In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 0.2%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises less than about 1%, less than about 0.9%, less than about 0.8%, less than about 0.7%, less than about 0.6%, less than about 0.5%, less than about 0.4%, less than about 0.3%, or less than about 0.2%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof.
[0079] In one embodiment, the crystalline forms are characterized by the interlattice plane intervals determined by an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern. The spectrum of XRPD is typically represented by a diagram plotting the intensity of the peaks versus the location of the peaks, i.e., diffraction angle 2θ (two-theta) in degrees. The intensities are often given in parenthesis with the following abbreviations: very strong = vst; strong = st; medium = m; weak = w; and very weak =vw. The characteristic peaks of a given XRPD can be selected according to the peak locations and their relative intensity to conveniently distinguish this crystalline structure from others. The %intensity of the peaks relative to the most intense peak may be represented as I / Io.
[0080] Those skilled in the art recognize that the measurements of the XRPD peak locations and / or intensity for a given crystalline form of the same compound will vary within a margin of error. The values of degree 2θ allow appropriate error margins. Typically, the error margins are represented by “±”. For example, the degree 2θ of about “10.6±0.2” denotes a range from about 10.4 to 10.8 degree 2θ. Depending on the sample preparation techniques, the calibration techniques applied to the instruments, human operational variation, etc., those skilled in the art recognize that the appropriate error of margins for a XRPD can be about ±0.7; ±0.6; ±0.5; ±0.4; ±0.3; ±0.2; ±0.1; ±0.05; or less.
[0081] Additional details of the methods and equipment used for the XRPD analysis are described in the Examples section.
[0082] In one embodiment, the crystalline forms are characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) . The DSC thermogram is typically expressed by a diagram plotting the normalized heat flow in units of Watts / gram ( “W / g” ) versus the measured sample temperature in degree Celsius. The DSC thermogram is usually evaluated for extrapolated onset and end (outset) temperatures, peak temperature, and heat of fusion. A peak characteristic value of a DSC thermogram is often used as the characteristic peak to distinguish this crystalline structure from others.
[0083] Those skilled in the art recognize that the measurements of the DSC thermogram for a given crystalline form of the same compound will vary within a margin of error. The values of a single peak characteristic value, expressed in degrees Celsius, allow appropriate error margins. Typically, the error margins are represented by “±” . For example, the single peak characteristic value of about “170.5±0.2” degrees Celsius denotes a range from about 170.3 to 170.7 degrees Celsius. Depending on the sample preparation techniques, the calibration techniques applied to the instruments, human operational variations, etc., those skilled in the art recognize that the appropriate error of margins for a single peak characteristic value can be ±2.5; ±2.0; ±1.5; ±1.0; ±0.5; or less.
[0084] Additional details of the methods and equipment used for the DSC thermogram analysis are described in the Examples section.
[0085] In one embodiment, the crystalline forms are characterized by Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) . The DVS profile is typically expressed by a diagram plotting the sample relative humidity (RH) versus the change in mass (%) . The DVS profile provides information on hygroscopicity of the crystalline form at different relative humidity (RH) conditions.
[0086] Additional details of the methods and equipment used for DVS are described in the Examples section.
[0087] Form I Molybdate Salt
[0088] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline Form I of the molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the Form I molybdate salt is a non-solvate (i.e., includes no water and solvent molecules) . In one embodiment, the Form I molybdate salt is anhydrous. In one embodiment, the Form I molybdate salt is of high crystallinity. In one embodiment, Form I molybdate salt has an imidazolium cation : molybdate anion stoichiometry of 2: 1, 4: 1, or 6: 1.
[0089] In one embodiment, the molybdate salt comprises a mixture of one or more forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises a substantially pure form of Form I. In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of Form I. In another embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of Form I. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, or 40%of Form I.
[0090] In one embodiment, the Form I molybdate salt is isolated and purified. In one embodiment, the purified Form I molybdate salt does not comprise any detectable residual solvent by 1H NMR (see e.g., Fig. 1E) . In one embodiment, the purified Form I molybdate salt is at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or at least 99.5%pure.
[0091] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83, 6.42, and 7.35 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In another embodiment, the XRPD of the crystalline Form I molybdate salt further comprises peaks at about 9.82, 11.74, and 24.64 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In further embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt further comprises at least two peaks selected from about 14.89, 20.54, 24.87, or 25.64±0.2 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less.
[0092] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the ten most intense peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the six most intense peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising the three most intense peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0093] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern further comprising peaks at about 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the ten most intense peaks at about 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the six most intense peaks at about 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0094] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks selected from about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least three peaks selected from about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least four peaks selected from about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least five peaks selected from about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0095] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks, at least three peaks, at least four peaks, at least five peaks, at least six peaks, at least seven peaks, at least eight peaks, or at least nine peaks selected from about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, 14.89±0.2, 20.54±0.2, 24.64±0.2, 24.87±0.2, or 25.64±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, 7.35±0.2, 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, 14.89±0.2, 20.54±0.2, 24.64±0.2, 24.87±0.2, or 25.64±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0096] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising peaks shown in Table 1 below. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising at least five most intense peaks shown in Table 1 below (net intensity) . In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising at least six, at least seven, at least eight, at least nine, or at least ten of the most intense peaks shown in Table 1 below (net intensity) .
[0097] Table 1. XRPD Table of Form I molybdate salt (non-solvate)
[0098] In one specific embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern that is substantially similar to Fig. 1C.
[0099] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram comprising an endotherm peak at about 258 ℃ (onset) with the error of margin of about ±2.5; about ±2.0; about ±1.5; about ±1.0; about ±0.5; or less. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram comprising an endotherm peak at about 262 ℃ (peak maximum) with the error of margin of about ±2.5; about ±2.0; about ±1.5; about ±1.0; about ±0.5; or less. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram that is substantially similar to Fig. 1D.
[0100] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt exhibits a TGA thermogram substantially similar to Fig. 1D. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form I molybdate salt shows about 0.45%weight loss in the range of about RT (20-25 ℃) to about 240 ℃ by TGA.
[0101] Form II Molybdate Salt Acetonitrile Solvate
[0102] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate. In one embodiment, Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate is anhydrous. In one embodiment, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate is of high crystallinity. In one embodiment, when the Mo cluster has a molecular formula of (Mo8O26) 4-, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate has an imidazolium: molybdate stoichiometry of 4: 1 with 4 molecules of acetonitrile associated.
[0103] In one embodiment, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate comprises a mixture of one or more forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof may comprise a substantially pure form of Form II. In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof may comprise over about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of Form II. In another embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof may comprise over about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of Form II. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof may comprise over about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, or 40%of Form II.
[0104] In one embodiment, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate is isolated and purified. In one embodiment, the purified Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate does not comprise any detectable residual solvent by 1H NMR other than acetonitrile. In one embodiment, the purified Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate is at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or at least 99.5%pure.
[0105] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34, 6.68, and 6.91 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In another embodiment, the XRPD of the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate further comprises peaks at about 8.76, 9.59, 10.02, and 24.87 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In further embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate further comprises at least two peaks selected from about 9.22, 11.50, and 12.33 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less.
[0106] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the ten most intense peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the six most intense peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising the three most intense peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0107] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, and 10.02±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0108] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the ten most intense peaks at about 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, and 10.02±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising four of the ten most intense peaks at about 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, and 24.87 ±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0109] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least three peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least four peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least five peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least six peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0110] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks, at least three peaks, at least four peaks, at least five peaks, at least six peaks, at least seven peaks, or at least eight peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least four peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least five peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least six peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least seven peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least eight peaks selected from about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, 6.91±0.2, 8.76±0.2, 9.22±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, 11.50±0.2, 12.33±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0111] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD comprising peaks shown in Table 2 below. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD comprising at least five most intense peaks shown in Table 2 below (net intensity) . In one embodiment, the crystalline Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate exhibits an XRPD comprising at least six, at least seven, at least eight, at least nine, at least ten most intense peaks shown in Table 2 below (net intensity) .
[0112] Table 2. XRPD Table of Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate
[0113] Form III Molybdate Salt
[0114] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to a crystalline Form III of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt is a non-solvate. In some embodiments, the Form III molybdate salt is anhydrous. In one embodiment, the Form III molybdate salt is of high crystallinity. In one embodiment, the Form III molybdate salt has an imidazolium cation : molybdate anion stoichiometry of 2: 1, 4: 1, or 6: 1.
[0115] In one embodiment, the Form III molybdate salt comprises a mixture of one or more forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises a substantially pure form of Form III. In one embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of Form III. In another embodiment, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of Form III. In some embodiments, the crystalline form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof comprises over about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, or 40%of Form III.
[0116] In one embodiment, the Form III molybdate salt is isolated and purified. In one embodiment, the purified Form III molybdate salt does not comprise any detectable residual solvent by 1H NMR (Fig. 2E) . In one embodiment, the purified Form III molybdate salt is at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or at least 99.5%pure.
[0117] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75, 7.34, and 9.46 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In another embodiment, the XRPD of the crystalline Form III molybdate salt further comprises peaks at about 10.26, 24.17, 25.15, and 25.88 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about ±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less. In further embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt further comprises at least two peaks selected from about 8.09, 8.95, 19.46, or 23.04 degrees two-theta with the margin of error of about±0.5; about ±0.4; about ±0.3; about ±0.2; about ±0.1; about ±0.05; or less.
[0118] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the ten most intense peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising three of the six most intense peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising the three most intense peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0119] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising four of the ten most intense peaks at about 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising four of the seven most intense peaks at about 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0120] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least three peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least four peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least five peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least six peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0121] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least two peaks, at least three peaks, at least four peaks, at least five peaks, at least six peaks, at least seven peaks, at least eight peaks, or at least nine peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2.23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least four peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least five peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least six peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least seven peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising at least eight peaks selected from about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, 8.09±0.2, 8.95±0.2, 9.46±0.2, 10.26±0.2, 19.46±0.2, 23.04±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta.
[0122] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising peaks shown in Table 3 below. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising at least five most intense peaks shown in Table 3 below (net intensity) . In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD comprising at least six, at least seven, at least eight, at least nine, at least ten most intense peaks shown in Table 3 below (net intensity) .
[0123] Table 3. XRPD Table of Form III molybdate salt (non-solvate)
[0124] In one specific embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits an XRPD pattern that is substantially similar to Fig. 2C.
[0125] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram comprising an endotherm peak at about 260 ℃ (onset) with the error of margin of about ±2.5; about ±2.0; about ±1.5; about ±1.0; about ±0.5; or less. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram comprising an endotherm peak at about 260 ℃ (peak maximum) with the error of margin of about ±2.5; about ±2.0; about ±1.5; about ±1.0; about ±0.5; or less. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits a DSC thermogram that is substantially similar to Fig. 2D.
[0126] In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt exhibits a TGA thermogram substantially similar to Fig. 2D. In one embodiment, the crystalline Form III molybdate salt shows about 0.85%weight loss in the range of about RT (20-25 ℃) to about 150 ℃ by TGA.
[0127] Amorphous Form
[0128] In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to solid forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an amorphous form of non-solvated molybdate salt. In one embodiment, the present disclosure relates to an amorphous form of a molybdate salt solvate.
[0129] In one embodiment, the amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof exhibits an XRPD pattern that is substantially similar to the Rxn 3 and Rxn 4 spectra of Fig. 1B. In one embodiment, the amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof exhibits an XRPD pattern that is substantially similar to the Rxn 3 spectrum of Fig. 1B. In one embodiment, the amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof exhibits an XRPD pattern that is substantially similar to the Rxn 4 spectrum of Fig. 1B.
[0130] Pharmaceutical Compositions and Formulations
[0131] The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising the molybdate salt or solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an effective amount of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is crystalline or amorphous. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is crystalline. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is Form I, Form II, Form III or an amorphous form of the molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form II molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form III molybdate salt. The excipients are added to the formulation for a variety of purposes.
[0132] The present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises the molybdate salt or solvate salt thereof as a mixture of different forms. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a mixture of a crystalline form and an amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments of the pharmaceutical composition, the combination of one or more forms of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof provides an effective amount of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I, Form II, and / or Form III of the molybdate salt, or a solvate or an amorphous form thereof. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I and Form III of the molybdate salt, or a solvate or an amorphous form thereof. In some embodiments, Form I molybdate salt is present in greater than about 10%, about 20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, or about 95%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, Form I molybdate salt is present in greater than about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 99.5%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, Form II molybdate salt is present in greater than about 10%, about 20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, or about 95%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, Form II molybdate salt is present in greater than about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 99.5%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, Form III molybdate salt is present in greater than about 10%, about 20%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, or about 95%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments, Form III molybdate salt is present in greater than about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99%, or about 99.5%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In some embodiments of the pharmaceutical composition comprising Form I, Form II, and / or Form III of the molybdate salt, or an amorphous form of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is present in about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, or about 30%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition.
[0133] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I molybdate salt in about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I molybdate salt in about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I molybdate salt in about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form I molybdate salt in about 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 18%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition.
[0134] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form II molybdate salt in about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form II molybdate salt in about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form II molybdate salt in about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form II molybdate salt in about 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 18%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition.
[0135] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form III molybdate salt in about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form III molybdate salt in about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form III molybdate salt in about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises Form III molybdate salt in about 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 18%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt in the pharmaceutical composition.
[0136] In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a crystalline form of the molybdate salt (e.g., Form I, Form II, and / or Form III) in about 99.9%, about 99.8%, about 99.7%, about 99.6%, about 99.5%, about 99.4%, about 99.3%, about 99.2%, about 99.1%, or about 99.0%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a crystalline form of the molybdate salt in about 99%, 98%, 97%, 96%, 95%, 94%, 93%, 92%, 91%, or 90%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a crystalline form of the molybdate salt in about 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, 65%, 60%, 55%, 50%, 45%, 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises a crystalline form of the molybdate salt in about 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 18%, or 20%of the total amount of the molybdate salt or solvate in the pharmaceutical composition.
[0137] In some embodiments of the pharmaceutical composition, the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.
[0138] In one embodiment of the pharmaceutical composition, the pharmaceutical composition further comprises one or more additional therapeutically active agent. In one embodiment, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim. See, RE45105 and US 7, 618, 992, the disclosures of each are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties for all purposes.
[0139] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for administration orally, nasally, transdermally, topically, pulmonary, inhalationally, buccally, sublingually, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, intraportally, or parenterally, or as an implant.
[0140] In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises about 1 mg to about 1000 mg of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or any value or subranges therebetween. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises about 10 mg to about 500 mg of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or any value or subranges therebetween. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises about 20 mg to about 250 mg of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or any value or subranges therebetween. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises about 25 mg to about 150 mg of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or any value or subranges therebetween. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition comprises about 25 mg to about 100 mg of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or any value or subranges therebetween.
[0141] Therapeutic Methods
[0142] The present disclosure also provides methods of treating cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof (e.g., Form I, Form II, Form III, or an amorphous form) , or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, as described herein.
[0143] In some embodiments, the methods of treating cancer comprise administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of Form I molybdate salt, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, as described herein.
[0144] In some embodiments, the cancer has a c-Myc rearrangement, amplification, or overexpression, and / or MYCN amplification or overexpression. In some embodiments, the cancer has a c-Myc translocation. In some embodiments, the translocation is to an immunoglobin locus. In some embodiments, the translocation is to an immunoglobin heavy chain locus or to an immunoglobin light chain locus. In some embodiments, c-Myc translocation is t (8; 14) (q24; q32) , t (2; 8) (p12; q24) and / or t (8; 22) (q24; q11) .
[0145] In some embodiments, the cancer is a c-Myc overexpressing cancer. In one embodiment, the c-Myc overexpressing cancer is a hematologic cancer or a solid tumor.
[0146] In some embodiments, the cancer harbors a c-Myc rearrangement.
[0147] In some embodiments, the cancer is a c-Myc driven cancer.
[0148] In some embodiments, the cancer is a solid tumor or a hematologic malignancy. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is a myeloma, leukemia, or lymphoma. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is myeloid disorder, lymphoid disorder, leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , myeloproliferative disease (MPD) , mast cell disorder, or myeloma. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) , T-cell ALL (T-ALL) , B-cell ALL (B-ALL) , acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , granulocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) , blast phase CML, small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) , CLL / SLL, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) , non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) , B-cell NHL, CD20-positive B cell NHL, T-cell NHL, indolent NHL (iNHL) , high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) , diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) , mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) , aggressive B-cell NHL, B-cell lymphoma (BCL) , Richter's syndrome (RS) , T-cell lymphoma (TCL) , peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) , cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) , transformed mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) , follicular lymphoma (FL) , Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) , lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, malignant lymphoma, plasmocytoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, multiple myeloma (MM) , metastatic myeloma, amyloidosis, MPD, essential thrombocytosis (ET) , myelofibrosis (MF) , polycythemia vera (PV) , chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) , myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , high-risk MDS, or low-risk MDS. In some embodiments, the hematologic malignancy is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) or a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) .
[0149] In some embodiments, the cancer is prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, liver cancer, uterine cancer, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, colon or rectum cancer, urinary bladder cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric (stomach) cancer, head and neck cancer, bone cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, lymphoma, or leukemia. In some embodiments, the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) , neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) , hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) , neuroblastoma, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) , HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer, or hemangiosarcoma.
[0150] In some embodiments, the cancer is relapsed or refractory.
[0151] The present disclosure also provides methods of inhibiting or reducing the expression of c-Myc protein level in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, as described herein.
[0152] The present disclosure also provides methods of degrading c-Myc protein in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof as described herein.
[0153] The present disclosure also provides methods of increasing the expression of cleaved Caspase-3 protein in a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof as described herein.
[0154] The present disclosure also provides methods of decreasing the expression of full length Caspase-3 protein in a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof as described herein.
[0155] The present disclosure also provides methods of inducing tumor cell death, comprising administering to the subject with cancer or tumor, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof as described herein.
[0156] The present disclosure also provides methods of inducing apoptosis of cancer cells, comprising administering to the subject with cancer or tumor, any one of a molybdate salt or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof as described herein.
[0157] In some embodiments of any one of the methods as disclosed herein, the method comprises further administering one or more additional therapeutically active agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent. In some embodiments, the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim.
[0158] In some embodiments of any one of the methods as disclosed herein, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is crystalline, amorphous, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is any one of Form I, Form II, Form III, an amorphous form, or combination thereof. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is a crystalline form disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is Form I molybdate malt. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is Form II molybdate salt. In some embodiments, the molybdate salt is Form III molybdate salt.
[0159] Having now generally described the invention, the same will be more readily understood through reference to the following examples, which are provided by way of illustration and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
[0160] EXAMPLES
[0161] The disclosure now being generally described, it will be more readily understood by reference to the following examples which are included merely for purposes of illustration of certain aspects and embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.
[0162] General Procedures and Analytical Methods
[0163] XRPD Analysis: XRPD diffractograms were collected with an X-ray diffractometer. Samples were prepared on a zero-background silicon wafer by gently pressing onto the flat surface. The parameters of XRPD diffraction are provided in Table 4.
[0164] Table 4. Parameters Used for XRPD Analysis
[0165] TGA Analysis: TGA analysis was performed using a TA Instrument. About 1-5 mg of a sample was loaded onto a pre-tared aluminum pan and heated according to the parameters in Table 5. The data was analyzed using TRIOS.
[0166] Table 5. Parameters of TGA Testing
[0167] DSC Analysis: DSC analysis was performed with a TA Instrument. About 1-3 mg of a sample was placed into an aluminum pan with pin hole and heated with the parameters in Table 6. The data was analyzed using TRIOS.
[0168] Table 6. Parameters of DSC Analysis
[0169] DVS Analysis: Moisture sorption / desorption data were collected on a DVS Intrinsic. ~30 mg of a sample was placed into a tared sample chamber and automatically weighed. The anhydrate and hydrate were analyzed with the setting parameters in Table 7.
[0170] Table 7. Parameters of DVS Analysis for Anhydrates
[0171] 1H NMR Analysis: 1H-NMR spectra were collected on a Bruker 400 MHz instrument. Unless specified, samples were prepared in DMSO-d6 solvent and measured with the parameters in Table 8. The data was analyzed using MestReNova.
[0172] Table 8. Parameters of 1H-NMR Analysis
[0173] HPLC Analysis: HPLC analysis was performed with an Agilent HPLC 1260 series instrument. HPLC method for stability testing is presented in Table 8.
[0174] Table 8. HPLC Method for Stability Test
[0175] UPLC Analysis: UPLC analysis was performed with a Waters Acquity UPLC series instrument. UPLC method for solubility testing is presented in Table 9.
[0176] Table 9. UPLC Method for Solubility Test
[0177] Example 1: Synthesis of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate Form I using Ammonium Molybdate
[0178] Form I molybdate salts were prepared on 10-300 mg scale according to the following procedure.
[0179] Ammonium molybdate [ (NH4) 2MoO4] was dissolved in a solvent at RT (see Rxn 1-8) . PC002 bromide (1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium bromide) was added to the solution. Solids that formed were collected by filtration, dried in an oven at 50 ℃ overnight. The reaction parameters and results are summarized in Table 10.
[0180] Table 10. Reaction Conditions for the Preparation of Form I Molybdate Salt Using Ammonium Molybdate
[0181] Form I molybdate salts prepared according to Table 10 were characterized by XRPD (Fig. 1A) .
[0182] Example 2: Synthesis of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate Form I using Ammonium Heptamolybdate
[0183] Form I molybdate salts were prepared on 10-300 mg scale according to the following procedure.
[0184] Ammonium heptamolybdate [ (NH4) 6Mo7O24] was weighed into 8 mL sample vial. Solvent was added to dissolve the ammonium heptamolybdate and PC002 (1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium bromide) was added to the solution. After stirring overnight at room temperature, the product was collected by filtration and dried in an oven at 50 ℃ overnight. The reaction parameters and results are summarized in Table 11.
[0185] Table 11. Reaction Conditions for the Preparation of Form I Molybdate Salt Using Ammonium Heptamolybdate
[0186] 1 The sample was slurried in water for 3 days, XRPD pattern remained unchanged.
[0187] XRPD was used to characterize the products obtained from Rxn 1-9 by form or amorphicity (Fig. 1B) .
[0188] After drying at 50 ℃ to remove residual water, Form I molybdate salt prepared according to Table 11, Rxn 5 was further characterized by DSC (Fig. 1D) , TGA (Fig. 1D) , 1H NMR (Fig. 1E) , and DVS (Figs. 1F and 1G) .
[0189] Form I molybdate salt was determined to be an anhydrate having high crystallinity. XRPD spectra and corresponding peaks are provided in Fig. 1C and Table 12. Fig. 1D provides a DSC thermogram and TGA thermogram of Form I molybdate salt. DSC shows a melting peak at Tonset of 258 ℃ and an endothermic peak at 262 ℃ attributed to melting with decomposition. TGA shows about 0.45%total weight loss between RT and 240 ℃. No residual solvent was detected by 1H-NMR. According to DVS analysis, Form I molybdate salt was slightly hygroscopic with 0.39%and 0.55%water uptake at 80%RH and 90%RH, respectively (Figs. 1F and 1G) . After DVS testing, the XRPD pattern of crystalline Form I molybdate salt was unchanged. IC results showed the content of Mo was 30.46%. The stoichiometry of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium cation to (Mo4O13) 2-molybdate anion calculated through 1H-NMR and IC results was 2: 1. A summary of crystalline Form I molybdate salt properties is provided in Table 12.
[0190] Table 12. Summary of Crystalline Form I Molybdate Salt Properties
[0191] Example 3. Stability Evaluation of the Form I Molybdate Salt
[0192] Solid stability of the Form I molybdate salt was evaluated at 60 ℃ (in capped vial) and 40 ℃ / 75%RH (open) for 5 weeks. Photostability of the Form I molybdate salt and PC002 bromide were also evaluated by exposure to light at 4.6M lux. hr. The crystalline form of the remaining solid was characterized by XRPD and purity was analyzed by HPLC. The results are summarized in Table 13 and XRPD data for each sample of the Form I molybdate salt is provided in Fig. 3.
[0193] Table 13. Stability Evaluation Results
[0194] The Form I molybdate salt was chemically and physically stable at 40 ℃ / 75%RH (open) and 60 ℃ (capped) for 35 days when protected from light.
[0195] Example 4. Solubility of the Form I Molybdate Salt in Water
[0196] 2.6 mg of the Form I molybdate salt was weighed in a 4 mL sample vial and 2 mL of water was added. The suspension was stirred at RT and filtered at 0.5 hours and 24 hours. Drug concentration in the filtrates was analyzed by UPLC, and the remaining solids were checked by XRPD at each time point.
[0197] Results: Solubility was 0.002 mg / mL at 0.5 hours, much lower than that of PC002 bromide (>100 mg / mL) , and subsequently decreased to less than 0.1 μg / mL at 24 hours. XRPD of the remaining solid was unchanged during testing. The solubility results are summarized in Table 14. Table 14. Solubility Comparison of Form I Molybdate Salt at 0.5 h and 24 h
[0198] 1. LOQ=0.000112 mg / mL
[0199] Example 5. Synthesis of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate Form II and Form III 30 mg of Form I molybdate salt was weighed in 8 mL sample vial, then 1.5 mL of acetonitrile was added and the mixture was slurried at room temperature for 1 day. Solid was collected by filtration. The products were assigned as Form II and characterized by XRPD (Fig. 2A or Fig. 2B) . Form II molybdate salt was kept at room temperature for 2 days, and a new pattern was obtained, assigned as Form III. Form III molybdate salt was characterized by XRPD (Fig. 2C) , DSC, and TGA (Fig. 2D) . No residual solvent was detected by 1H-NMR (Fig. 2E) .
[0200] Example 6. Single Crystal X-ray Analysis (Form II Molybdate Salt)
[0201] The objective of this study was to determine molecular structure of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate (molybdate salt) by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
[0202] Crystallization Procedure: Single crystals were obtained by cooling crystallization in ACN / water (9 / 1, v / v) . About 18 mg of the Form I molybdate salt was weighed in a sample vial and 15 mL of the mixed solvent of ACN / water (9 / 1, v / v) was added. The mixture was heated to 50 ℃and the solids were dissolved completely. After hot filtration, the resulting solution was slowly cooled to RT and kept at RT for 1 d. Tabular shaped single crystals were generated and used for single crystal X-ray diffraction.
[0203] Data Collection: Single crystal X-ray diffraction data of the molybdate salt (identified as Form II) was collected at 180 K on a Rigaku XtaLAB Synergy-DW diffractometer, with Mo Kαradiation The structure was solved by a dual-space algorithm using SHELXT program and refined with the SHELXL program by minimizing the sum of squared deviations of F2 using a full-matrix technique.
[0204] Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction Analysis: The Form II molybdate salt is crystallized as triclinic in P-1 space group with formula of (C20H19N4O3) 4Mo8O26· (C2H3N) 4. As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, each unit cell contains four molecules of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium, one Mo cluster (Fig. 4C) and four molecules of acetonitrile. Each unit cell contains two asymmetric units. The sample was found to be an acetonitrile solvate.
[0205] The crystal structural data are summarized in Table 15. The XRPD is consistent with the Form II molybdate salt acetonitrile solvate XRPD provided in Fig. 2A.
[0206] Table 15. Crystal Structure Data and Structural Refinement for the Molybdate Salt
[0207] Example 7. Evaluation of PC002 Molybdate Antitumor Activity in Mice
[0208] The antitumor activities of 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate salt Form I (Form I molybdate salt) against SU-DHL-10 human diffuse large B cell lymphoma xenograft was examined.
[0209] The 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium monobromide is considered to be a promising potent antitumor agent candidate; however, its rapid clearance from plasma after IV administration limits its clinical use. At present, a 7-day continuous IV infusion is applied in order to maintain a sufficient plasma concentration, but this method of administration is not patient-friendly. The Form I molybdate salt has the same active ingredient as the monobromide, but its water solubility is surprisingly and unexpectedly extremely low. The extended-release characteristics of Form I molybdate salt due to its low solubility is examined.
[0210] Protocol: The Form I molybdate salt is mixed with appropriate volume of vehicle solution (0.5%CMC-Na (CAS No. 9004-32-4, Sigma 419273) in 10 mM pH 6.0 PBS) to get a uniform suspension after 15 min sonication, with final target concentration of 5.6 mg / mL or 2.8 mg / mL (see Table 16 for study materials) . The dose volume is determined by the body weight of the mice collected on the morning of dosing day, calculated by the formula: dose volume (2 mL / kg) × body weight.
[0211] Table 16. Study materials
[0212] Human diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell line SU-DHL-10 were cultured at 37 ℃ with 5%CO2 in RPMI-1640 (Hyclone, USA) supplemented with 10%heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gibco, USA) and 1%GlutaMAX (Gibco, USA) . The cells were collected and suspended in the mixture of PBS and Basement Membrane Matrix (Corning, USA) (1: 1, v / v) , at the concentration of 1×108 cells / ml.
[0213] Six-week-old female BALB / c-nude mice were maintained on a standard diet and water throughout the experiments under specific pathogen-free conditions. The cells were cultured in vitro and 1×107 cells / 0.1mL / mouse are grafted subcutaneously into the flank of NOD-SCID (NVSG) mice (Beijing Viewsolid Biotech Co. LTD) . When the tumor reached about 1 cm in diameter, tumor-bearing mice were sacrificed then tumors were removed and sliced into small fragments (approximately 3×3×3 mm3 / fragment) and re-inoculated into BALB / c nude mice. The mice with a tumor volume (length×width2×0.5) of 145.94 to 230.75 mm3 were divided into four groups randomly, using Study Director Software (Studylog Systems, Inc, Version 3.1.399.22, USA) to minimize intragroup and intergroup tumor volume variation.
[0214] The first day of administration was designated day 0. Treatment ended on day 21, and observation continued until day 28. The vehicle and molybdate salt groups were treated according to the study design provided in Table 17.
[0215] Table 17. Study Design
[0216] *The dose concentration of Group 4, 12.12 mg / ml, was calculated based on 20 g mouse body weight. The actual dose concentration in the pump was adjusted by the mouse's body weight collected on the morning of the dosing day.
[0217] **The pumping rate of osmotic pump was 0.11 μL per hour, with daily dose volume of 2.64 μL.
[0218] Body weight was measured during administration, and tumor diameter was measured twice a week from day 0 to day 28. The antitumor activities are expressed as percent inhibition of tumor growth (%inh) and percent regression of the tumor (%reg) . The percent inhibition of tumor growth was calculated for treated group using the following formula: 100× {1- [ (mean tumor volume of treated group) - (mean tumor volume of treated group on day 0) ] / [ (mean tumor volume of the control group) - (mean tumor volume of the control group on day 0) ] } . The percent regression of the tumor (%reg) was calculated for all groups with observed tumor regression, using the following formula: 100× [1- (mean tumor volume of treated group) / (mean tumor volume of treated group on day 0) ] . Mice were euthanized when the tumor load exceeds 3000 mm3 or when the average tumor volume in a group exceeded 2500 mm3.
[0219] Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. Tumor volume and body weight on day 21 and day 28 were compared between each group using T-test, in which P values of less than 5%are considered significant. Study Director Software (Studylog Systems, Inc. Version 3.1.399.22, USA) was used for data processing.
[0220] The results for the antitumor activity of PC002 bromide continuous i. v. administration and Form I molybdate salt i. m. administration against human diffuse large B cell lymphoma SU-DHL-10 xenograft were given in Table 18 and Fig. 5. As shown in Table 18 and Fig. 5A, 100%tumor regression was achieved in Form I molybdate salt groups (Group 2 and Group 3) after 21-day treatment, compared to 95.79%tumor regression in PC002 bromide group (Group 4) . Tumor growth inhibition rates were 115.34%, 114.89%, and 109.97%on day 21, for Group 2-4, respectively. All the groups were monitored for an additional 7 days (until day 28) and tumor recurrence occurred in some animals. The final CR rates on day 28 were 5 / 5, 3 / 5 and 2 / 5 for Group 2-4, respectively. This experiment indicated that PC002 salts showed significant antitumor activity against SU-DHL-10 xenograft models and Form I molybdate salt given via i. m. injection exhibited similar or even better antitumor efficacy when compared with PC002 bromide administered as continuous i. v. infusion. No significant loss of body weight in the dosing groups, compared with the loss for the control group, indicated good safety profiles of different salt forms of PC002 including the PC002 molybdate salt (Fig. 5B) . These data demonstrate that Form I molybdate salt may be utilized as a potential sustained-release formulation for replacement of PC002 bromide administered as continuous i. v. infusion.
[0221] At present, 7-day continuous i. v. infusion was applied in the clinical studies for PC-002 (YM155, Sepantronium bromide, SepB) . However, long-term i. v. infusion is not patient-friendly. Form I molybdate salt, a new salt form of PC002, with unexpected extremely low water solubility, could be prepared as a sustained-release, long-acting parenteral injection. In this study, Form I molybdate salt was prepared as a suspension, administrated via i. m injection once or twice a week, and demonstrated considerable antitumor efficacy in comparison with PC002 bromide i. v. infusion group. Furthermore, a single intramuscular injection with a high dose (7 times the divided 7-day daily dose) was well tolerated. No significant loss of body weight in the dosing groups, compared with the loss for the control group. Form I molybdate salt has the potential to be used as a sustained-release long-acting parenteral product due to the unexpected low solubility of the molybdate salt form.
Claims
1.A molybdate salt, 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate, or a solvate thereof.2.The molybdate salt of claim 1, wherein the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.3.The molybdate salt of claim 1, wherein the molybdate salt is a solvate.4.The molybdate salt of claim 3, wherein the solvate is a water solvate, an acetonitrile solvate, ethanol solvate, an N-methyl pyrrolidone solvate, an N, N-dimethylacetamide solvate, a hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate solvate, or an N, N-dimethylformamide solvate.5.The molybdate salt of claim 4, wherein the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate.6.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the molybdate salt or the solvate is crystalline.7.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the molybdate salt or the solvate is amorphous.8.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 90%or higher.9.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 95%or higher.10.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the molybdate salt or the solvate has a purity of about 98%or higher.11.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the molybdate salt or solvate comprises less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight.12.The molybdate salt of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the molybdate salt or solvate thereof is purified and isolated.13.A pharmaceutical composition comprising any one of the molybdate salt of claims 1-12 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.14.A pharmaceutical composition comprising the molybdate salt of claim 11 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.15.A crystalline Form I of a molybdate salt or a solvate thereof, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d]imidazolium molybdate.16.The crystalline Form I of claim 15, wherein the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.17.The crystalline Form I of claim 15 or 16, wherein the molybdate salt exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 5.83±0.2, 6.42±0.2, and 7.35±0.2 degrees two-theta.18.The crystalline Form I of claim 17, wherein the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks at 9.82±0.2, 11.74±0.2, and 24.64±0.2 degrees two-theta.19.The crystalline Form I of any one of claims 15-18, which exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 1C.20.The crystalline Form I of any one of claims 15-19, which exhibits a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram comprising an endotherm peak which onsets at about 258 ℃.21.The crystalline Form I of any one of claims 15-20, which exhibits weight percent loss of about 0.45%between about 25 ℃ to about 240 ℃ by a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) .22.A crystalline Form II of a molybdate salt, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate.23.The crystalline Form II of claim 22, wherein the molybdate salt is an acetonitrile solvate.24.The crystalline Form II of claim 23, wherein the acetonitrile solvate has the structure: 25.The crystalline Form II of any one of claims 22-24, wherein the molybdate salt exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 6.34±0.2, 6.68±0.2, and 6.91±0.2 degrees two-theta.26.The crystalline Form II of claim 25, wherein the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks at 8.76±0.2, 9.59±0.2, 10.02±0.2, and 24.87±0.2 degrees two-theta.27.The crystalline Form II of any one of claims 22-26, which exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 2A.28.A crystalline Form III of a molybdate salt thereof, which is 1- (2-methoxyethyl) -2-methyl-4, 9-dioxo-3- (pyrazin-2-ylmethyl) -4, 9-dihydro-1H-naphtho [2, 3-d] imidazolium molybdate.29.The crystalline Form III of claim 28, wherein the molybdate salt exhibits an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 6.75±0.2, 7.34±0.2, and 9.46 degrees two-theta.30.The crystalline Form III of claim 29, wherein the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.31.The crystalline Form III of claim 29 or 30, wherein the XRPD pattern further comprises peaks at 10.26±0.2, 24.17±0.2, 25.15±0.2, and 25.88±0.2 degrees two-theta.32.The crystalline Form III of any one of claims 28-31, which exhibits an XRPD pattern substantially similar to Figure 2C.33.The crystalline Form III of any one of claims 28-32, which exhibits a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogram comprising an endotherm peak which onsets at about 260 ℃.34.The crystalline Form III of any one of claims 28-34, which exhibits weight percent loss of about 0.85%between about 25 ℃ to about 150 ℃ by a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) .35.The crystalline form of any one of claims 15-34, wherein the crystalline form has a purity of about 90%or higher.36.The crystalline form of any one of claims 15-35, wherein the crystalline form has a purity of about 95%or higher.37.The crystalline form of any one of claims 15-35, wherein the crystalline form has a purity of about 98%or higher.38.The crystalline form of any one of claims 15-37, wherein the crystalline form comprises less than 0.5%of bromide ion (Br-) by weight.39.The crystalline form of any one of claims 15-38, wherein the crystalline form is purified and isolated.40.A pharmaceutical composition comprising any one of the crystalline forms of claims 15-39 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.41.A pharmaceutical composition comprising the crystalline form of claim 38 and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier.42.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 13-14 and 10-41, further comprising one or more additional therapeutically active agent.43.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 42, wherein the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent.44.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 42 or 43, wherein the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim.45.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 40 or 41, wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises (a) rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, or etoposide and (b) dexamethasone or pegfilagrastim.46.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 40-45, wherein the composition is formulated to be administered orally, nasally, transdermally, topically, pulmonary, inhalationally, buccally, sublingually, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, intraportally, or parenterally, or as an implant.47.A method of treating cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, an effective amount of any one of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof of claims 1-12, any one of the crystalline form of claims 15-39, or any one of the pharmaceutical composition of claims 13, 14, and 40-46.48.The method of claim 47, wherein the cancer has a c-Myc rearrangement, amplification, or overexpression, and / or MYCN amplification or overexpression.49.The method of claim 47 or 48, wherein the cancer is a solid tumor or a hematologic malignancy.50.The method of claim 49, wherein the hematologic malignancy is myeloid disorder, lymphoid disorder, leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , myeloproliferative disease (MPD) , mast cell disorder, or myeloma.51.The method of claim 50, wherein the hematologic malignancy is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) , T-cell ALL (T-ALL) , B-cell ALL (B-ALL) , acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , granulocytic leukemia, monocytic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) , chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) , blast phase CML, small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) , CLL / SLL, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) , non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) , B-cell NHL, CD20-positive B cell NHL, T-cell NHL, indolent NHL (iNHL) , high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) , diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) , mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) , aggressive B-cell NHL, B-cell lymphoma (BCL) , Richter's syndrome (RS) , T-cell lymphoma (TCL) , peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) , cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) , transformed mycosis fungoides, Sezary syndrome, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) , follicular lymphoma (FL) , Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) , lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, malignant lymphoma, plasmocytoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, multiple myeloma (MM) , metastatic myeloma, amyloidosis, MPD, essential thrombocytosis (ET) , myelofibrosis (MF) , polycythemia vera (PV) , chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) , myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) , high-risk MDS, or low-risk MDS.52.The method of claim 50, wherein the hematologic malignancy is a high-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) or a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) .53.The method of claim 47 or 48, wherein the cancer is prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, liver cancer, uterine cancer, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, bile duct cancer, colon or rectum cancer, urinary bladder cancer, kidney cancer, ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric (stomach) cancer, head and neck cancer, bone cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, lymphoma, or leukemia.54.The method of claim 47 or 48, wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) , neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) , hormone refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) , neuroblastoma, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) , HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer, or hemangiosarcoma.55.The method any one of claims 47-54, wherein the cancer is relapsed or refractory.56.The method of any one of claims 47-55, further comprising administering one or more additional therapeutically active agent.57.The method composition of claim 56, wherein the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is a cytotoxic agent or an anticancer agent.58.The method of claim 56 or 57, wherein the one or more additional therapeutically active agent is one or more of rituximab, docetaxel, carboplatin, paclitaxel, prednisone, ifosfamide, etoposide, dexamethasone, and pegfilagrastim.59.A method of inhibiting or reducing the expression of c-Myc protein level in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof of claims 1-12, any one of the crystalline form of claims 15-40, or any one of the pharmaceutical composition of claims 13, 14, and 41-46.60.A method of degrading c-Myc protein in a cancer cell of a subject, comprising administering to the subject, any one of the molybdate salt or solvate thereof of claims 1-12, any one of the crystalline form of claims 15-39, or any one of the pharmaceutical composition of claims 13, 14, and 40-46.61.The method of any one of claims 47-60, wherein the molybdate salt or solvate thereof, the crystalline form, or the pharmaceutical composition is administered to the subject orally, nasally, transdermally, topically, pulmonary, inhalationally, buccally, sublingually, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously, rectally, intrapleurally, intrathecally, intraportally, or parenterally, or as an implant.62.A means for suppressing or inhibiting expression of survivin.63.A means for inducing apoptosis.64.The means of claim 62 or 63, wherein the means in the form of a salt.65.The means of claim 64, wherein the salt is a molybdate salt.66.The means of claim 65, wherein the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.67.The means of claim 65, wherein the molybdate salt is a solvate.68.The means of claim 67, wherein the solvate is a water solvate, an acetonitrile solvate, ethanol solvate, an N-methyl pyrrolidone solvate, an N, N-dimethylacetamide solvate, a hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate solvate, or an N, N-dimethylformamide solvate.69.The means of claim 68, wherein the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate.70.The means of any one of claims 62-69, wherein the means are in a crystalline form.71.The means of claim 70, wherein the crystalline form is Form I, Form II or Form III.72.The means of claim 71, wherein the crystalline form is a non-solvate.73.A pharmaceutical composition comprising a means for suppressing or inhibiting expression of survivin.74.A pharmaceutical composition comprising a means for inducing apoptosis.75.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 73 or 74, wherein the means in the form of a salt.76.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 75, wherein the salt is a molybdate salt.77.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 76, wherein the molybdate salt is a non-solvate.78.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 76, wherein the molybdate salt is a solvate.79.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 78, wherein the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate, ethanol solvate, an N-methyl pyrrolidone solvate, an N, N-dimethylacetamide solvate, a hexafluoroisopropyl acrylate solvate, or an N, N-dimethylformamide solvate.80.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 78, wherein the solvate is an acetonitrile solvate.81.The pharmaceutical composition of any one of claims 73-80, wherein the means are in a crystalline form.82.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 81, wherein the crystalline form is Form I, Form II or Form III.83.The pharmaceutical composition of claim 81, wherein the crystalline form crystalline Form I.
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