A system for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure envisages in the field of navigation of aircrafts, their landing and take-off in low visibility situations. The system (100) comprises User device (200), Terminal (300), Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500), a server (400) and pass-through points (600). Terminal (300) is configured to Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500) which is configured to Aircraft Speed System. The server (400) through user device (200) with air traffic controller creates geofences (on the defined stretched of aircraft flight paths, runway zones / taxi bay lanes) and stores rules associated with each such geofences. Terminal (300) when it is found in a geofence gets instructions / messages from server (400) and communicate to Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500). Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500) connected to aircraft speed management system accordingly changes / regulates the speed of the aircraft which remains valid until Terminal (300) gets a new instruction / message from server (400) once Terminal (300) is at a new geofence. Precise location coordinates-based navigation map (based on multiple geofences fusion / intersection / overlap) and glidepath is created connecting the centerline of touchdown zone of runway to the terminal (300) of the aircraft when terminal (300) is found at desired descent zone geofence location coordinates. Pilot follows the glidepath i.e. precise navigation map and altitude (and after considering other usual parameters like speed, wind speed and direction) at various stages of landing and take-off without a need of visuals / lighting system which is not available in low visibility situations like fog, heavy rains, night-time etc. The present disclosure provides a solution for landing and take-off in low visibility situation without investing heavily on infrastructure and certification of operations levels of airports like CAT II and CAT III.

Description

[0001] A SYSTEM FOR AIRCRAFT TAKE-OFF AND LANDING INCLUDING IN LOW VISIBILITY SITUATIONS AND A METHOD THEREOF

[0002] FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of navigation and air traffic management i.e. take-off and landing of aircrafts (autonomous or otherwise) including in low visibility, and in particular, providing a mechanism guiding the pilot / autopilot for safe take-off and landing of aircraft including in low visibility situations like fog & complex weather or other technical issues requiring safe landing.

[0004] DEFINITIONS

[0005] As used in the present disclosure, the following terms are generally intended to have the meaning as set forth below, except to the extent that the context in which they are used indicates otherwise.

[0006] Aircraft: It includes, but not limited to, airplanes, helicopters, air-taxi and similar vehicles used in air transport and includes autonomous or non-autonomous aircrafts etc.

[0007] Instruments Landing System (ILS): The instrument landing system (ILS) is a directional guidance system with horizontal and vertical guidance components (a localizer, a glideslope and marker beacons) that provides precision guidance down a glide path to the runway. Localizer provides lateral guidance to aircraft from the recommended landing path and Glideslope provides vertical guidance with respect to vertical deviation from the recommended landing path. Localizer and Glideslope equipment send radio signals to receiver in aircraft. Marker beacons provides status of aircraft to the glide path, to pilot of landing aircraft during landing process. These components communicate to aircraft through radio signals. (Fig 5A to 5D in Drawings are for reference and understanding. Reference https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Instrument_landing_system, https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Autoland; https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Instrument_landing_system_glide_path https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Radar_altimeter ).

[0008] CAT I Certified Airports: These are airports equipped with defined equipment and processes for air traffic control, landing & take-off of aircrafts as per prescribed safety standards.

[0009] CAT II & CAT III (A, B, C) Certified Operations needs certification of aircraft type, airfield, flight crew and operator and have different DH (Decision Height) and RVR (Runway Visual Range) requirements as defined by various competent certifying authorities. Table as per drawing Fig. 7 shows DH & RVR for different type of CAT operations.

[0010] Decision Height is the lowest height or altitude in the approach descent. The pilot must initiate a missed approach if the required visual reference to continue the approach is not visible to the pilot. The visual references include: the threshold, the threshold markings, the threshold lights, the runway end identifier lights, the visual glideslope indicator, the touchdown zone markings and lights.

[0011] Commonly used terminologies in Air Traffic Management and Control:

[0012] Decision Height (when pilot to take a decision to land or move on / continue to fly without landing), visual reference threshold, threshold markings, lights, touchdown zone / markings, runway visual range, lighting alongside the runway with different color etc. are required in a CAT I certified airport for safe air traffic management.

[0013] Preflight -This portion of the flight starts on the ground and includes flight checks, push-back from the gate and taxi to the runway. Takeoff - The pilot powers up the aircraft and speeds down the runway. Departure - The plane lifts off the ground and climbs to a cruising altitude. En route - The aircraft travels through one or more center airspaces and nears the destination airport. Descent - The pilot descends and maneuvers the aircraft to the destination airport. Approach - The pilot aligns the aircraft with the designated landing runway. Landing - The aircraft lands on the designated runway, taxis to the destination gate and parks at the terminal. (Fig. 4 in Drawings for reference and understanding)

[0014] An example of runway markings is mentioned as Fig. 3 in drawings section.

[0015] User: A user includes any person with responsibility of air traffic management.

[0016] Autopilot: It means as understood in airlines industry wherein pilot can use autopilot mode for certain activities during flight and supervise the activities of autopilot too.

[0017] Terminal: This is any electronic device that has communication capabilities (e.g. through geo-positioning system, radio signal, satellite signals). It is selected from the group, but not limited to a smart phone mobile, satellite phone, smart watch, a tablet, a laptop, a palmtop, a computing device, and a portable electronic device etc. (having processor(s)) and can communicate with the connected / configured device(s) through wireless technologies e.g. through Bluetooth, WiFi etc. or wired connection. A terminal is having an application stored therein.

[0018] User Device: This is any electronic device that has communication capabilities (e.g. through geo-positioning system, radio signal, satellite signals). It is selected from the group, but not limited to a smart phone mobile, satellite phone, smart watch, a tablet, a laptop, a palmtop, a computing device, and a portable electronic device etc. (having processor(s)) and can communicate with server. A User device is having an application stored therein. User device can be configured with different access rights based on user to whom said device is assigned.

[0019] Precise Location Coordinates based Navigation map from Approach point / zone to runways: This means a navigation map of runway(s) at the airport(s) highlighting critical points as viewed and used during the process of take-off and landing of an aircraft e.g. start & end of the runway, threshold markings, touchdown zone / markings, width & length of runway, Centerline of the runway, distance and location of taxi bay turns, precise line at approach point where pilot has to align aircraft with desired altitude and then aim centerline coordinates at touchdown zone etc.

[0020] Precise location coordinates are achieved through fusion / intersection, overlap of geofences as created by server and locating / verifying the presence of a user device in intersection / fusion area of multiple geofences and thereby defining precise location coordinates, for an area / point of interest. By connecting these relevant precise coordinates, a navigation map is created. A terminal / user device having an application when found in such multiple geofences created at the point of interest through fusion / intersection of geofences, gives precise location coordinates of the user device / terminal. (Prior art (India Patent Application No. 202321029254 dt. 22.04.2023 / Indian Patent Certificate No. 532108 dt.08.04.2024 filed by current applicants / inventors provides detailed method).

[0021] Aircraft speed & engine control module: It means a system in an aircraft computer system, including but not limited to engine computer system, which controls the safe take-off, landing, flying, pressure, height, aircraft speed, angular alignment at various stages etc. and communicates to various components of an aircraft (autonomous or non- autonomous) which generate / regulate / control speed of the aircraft at different scenarios during flying.

[0022] BACKGROUND

[0023] Existing Air Traffic Management related to take-off and landing systems heavily rely on visual precision, radio signals, huge investment in visual lighting systems and it such investment goes even at higher level for low visibility operations etc.

[0024] Many airports across world are certified CAT I operations having huge investments in ILS etc. Achieving certification level of CAT II and CAT III A, CAT III B or CAT III C needs huge investment in airfields / airport equipment and technology along with certified aircraft. Many accidents, delay / diversion of flights happens due to low visibility while landing and take-off stage of the aircraft at airports.

[0025] Many times, even with safe landing (whether or not in low visibility and difficult weather situations), pilots are not able to stop aircrafts at / before desired end point of the runway and result into damages / accidents etc.

[0026] Many times, due to low visibility situations, pilots are not able to take turn to / from the parking / taxi bay and hence whole process is delayed and even if pilots reach to the right taxi bay, low visibility creates problem when and where to hard stop the aircraft.

[0027] Upgradation of airports and aircraft to CAT II and CAT III certification needs huge investment, training and time to demonstrate regular performance to achieve the certification.

[0028] Aircrafts do use GPS based navigation in general, but this GPS is not used while landing of aircraft as they do not have real-time precise location coordinates of various stretches of airports’ runway, touchdown point, take off point and they rely on ILS, visual and radio signals. These systems do not support pilots during low visibility and difficult weather conditions.

[0029] Location of an aircraft is generally traced through radar / radio signals and many times at difficult terrains like mountains or travel via oceans / seas, implementation of radars is not possible, hence Air Traffic Controllers do not have complete realtime location visibility of aircrafts.

[0030] Therefore, there is felt a need to provide a system that alleviates the aforementioned drawbacks.

[0031] Prior Art: Applicants claims priority on account of Patent Applications filed with the Indian Patent Office via application number 202321029254 dt. 22.04.2023 (A System and Method for Getting Accurate & Precise Location Coordinates of a GeoDevice Through Geofencing Fusion) and via patent application number 202421011215 dt. 18.02.2024 (A System and Method for Need Based Speed Limiter).

[0032] OBJECTS

[0033] Some of the objects of the present disclosure are described herein below:

[0034] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a system for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof.

[0035] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system whereby different speed limits can be applied in the aircraft once an aircraft has landed and touched the touchdown zone and, on its way, to assigned taxi bay to ensure it does not overrun the airport runway.

[0036] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide safe landing and take-off operation of aircraft at airport even in low visibility situations and tough weather conditions.

[0037] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide safe landing and take-off operation of aircraft at airport without any diversions / cancellations of flights due to low visibility situations.

[0038] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide safe landing and take-off operation of aircraft at airport without huge investment & timelines to develop infrastructure on lighting and signaling etc. needed for landing in low visibility situations.

[0039] Another object of the present disclosure is to avoid allotment of same runway to more than one aircraft for landing / take-off or combination thereof at same time or before the permissible time gap.

[0040] Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. SUMMARY

[0041] The present disclosure envisages a system for airplane takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof.

[0042] The system comprises a plurality of user device, a plurality of Terminal, a server, a plurality of Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module and a plurality of pass- through points.

[0043] In an embodiment, a plurality of user devices are associated with a plurality of users in one-to-one correspondence.

[0044] In an embodiment, the server is communicatively coupled with user device and terminal. The user device & terminal has an application stored in it.

[0045] In an embodiment, each terminal is configured to aircraft speed, brake & engine control module in one-to-one correspondence and configured to server.

[0046] In an embodiment, terminal is configured to directly receive messages / instructions from server and communicate to aircraft speed, brake & engine control module which is in general parlance responsible for safe take-off, landing, parking and movement to / from taxi-bay in clear visibility scenario.

[0047] In an embodiment, aircraft speed, brake & engine control module is configured to altimeter (e.g. radar altimeter etc.) and landing gear wheels of the aircraft to make speed limiter module activated (as per air traffic management rules and as per aircraft speed & engine control module) at a time when aircraft is on the runway for landing or take-off. Speed limiter module connects to the brake system of the aircraft. In an embodiment, pass-through points includes but not limited to various zones of the runway markings (Fig. 3) used to guide aircraft for safe landing, take-off & parking at various airports and various stages of aircraft flying / landing process (e.g. preflight, takeoff, departure, Enroute, descent, approach, landing, decision height etc.) wherein pilot / autopilot has to take decision prior to / during / post take-off or landing the aircraft. Said pass through points are geofenced to facilitate pilot / autopilot of the aircraft configured with Terminal and users with user device, to receive messages / instructions from server while present in such pass-through point and to receive / retrieve precise navigation map / glidepath as per rules saved in repository in one-to-one correspondence to such geofence and as per rules of air traffic management. (Fig 3 & Fig 4).

[0048] In an embodiment, terminal is configured to aircraft cockpit voice / stereo system and dashboard display system to communicate with pilot of the aircraft about prevailing speed limit for the different zones of the runway / lane of the runway and any change needed therein to make the pilot alert and enabling pilot to increase / decrease the speed manually as permissible.

[0049] In an embodiment, terminal through aircraft speed, brake & engine control module can implement force speed reduction as per air traffic management rules applicable to the defined runway.

[0050] In an embodiment, the terminal and user device are communicatively connected to the server. Speed Limiter Module of the aircraft speed, brake & engine control module of the aircraft can be configured to work only when terminal is found in the geofence created across / over the pass-through point (e.g. runway or any other surface or when it is at a desired geofence & height above the ground and landing gears / wheels are in actual operation on runway for landing or take-off).

[0051] The server includes a repository, machine code generator, and a geofence(s) creator.

[0052] In an embodiment, machine code generator is configured to generate a machine- readable code based on said registration details of said user and said machine code generator includes a converter & code generator. Converter is configured to receive said registration details, and further configured to convert said registration details into a standard format to generate a set of converted details based on a set of predetermined converting rules stored in said repository. Code generator configured to cooperate with said converter to generate said machine readable code corresponding to said set of converted details based on a set of pre-determined code generating rules stored in said repository; and further configured to transmit said machine readable code to said user device / terminal. Converter & code generator are implemented using one or more processor(s);

[0053] In an embodiment, geofence creator is configured to cooperate with repository to create a number of geofences, with or without intersecting / over-lapping / fusion, over / across the pass-through points to know / derive the precise location coordinates of an aircraft , through the application saved in user device and / or terminal when such device is found in multiple geofences including intersection / overlap / fusion of such geofences simultaneously; geofence creator includes: a coordinate accessing unit configured to access the coordinates of user device and / or terminal in multiple overlapping / intersecting / fusion of geofences; and a coordinates verifier unit configured to verify coordinates of User device and / or Terminal and generate a verification result. Coordinate assessing unit and Coordinate verifier unit are implemented using one or more processor(s).

[0054] In an embodiment, the repository is configured to store a set of pre-determined air traffic management rules, a list of various airports with their specific / general details, including but not limited to , their runway length / width / dimensions with precise location coordinates, navigation map, aircraft model / type (with safe landing / take-off rules applicable to such aircrafts), various turns / junctions from the runway to taxi bay / points with precise location coordinates, Decision Height (when pilot of an aircraft has to take a decision to land or move on without landing), existing visual reference threshold, threshold markings, lights, touchdown zone / markings, Runway Visual range, lighting alongside the runway with different color, touchdown point, runway length, with precise location coordinates to create geofence among various zones of the runway, speed limits rules associated with different zones / lanes of geofenced runways, RSA token, Authenticator or other similar security methods assigned to pilot of the aircraft , terminal details assigned / configured to an aircraft , mobile / satellite phone number of the pilot and other relevant information corresponding to air traffic management with safety.

[0055] In an embodiment, the repository is configured to store precise location coordinates- based navigation map / glidepath and altitude of various pass-through points (critical decision-making points / stages e.g. Take-off, Departure, En-route, Descent, Approach and Landing), thereby enabling pilots or autopilot to ensure safe landing and take-off, at location coordinates of points (existing or additionally created) where Decision Height to be measured to take an informed decision by pilot to land or not to land.

[0056] In an embodiment, the repository is configured to store speed levels, altitude levels of various critical points of air traffic navigation map wherein aircraft must change the speed, height of the aircraft and direction.

[0057] In an embodiment, the repository is configured to store real life actual landing and take-off process details (including a video recording) of various aircrafts at respective runways e.g. at the time of take-off of an aircraft X41 from runway 17, once it reached the speed of Y km / hour, it took Z° angle of elevation and then it flew-off the runway at designated runway marking (apart from considering the speed of wind, direction of wind and other critical parameters which are known and practiced by aircrafts routinely) and in same way for landing activity (with decision height, altitude , speed, approach preparation etc.) with the current set-up of airport infrastructure and certification level of e.g. CAT I, CATII , CAT III certified.

[0058] In an embodiment, the repository is configured to store precise location coordinates and altitude at all critical stages of aircraft landing and at take-off stage / process.

[0059] In an embodiment, Precise Location coordinates of the terminal / user device are derived based on rules saved in the repository and on verifying the presence of terminal / user device at pass-through point which is geofenced through fusion / intersection / overlap areas of geofence(s) created by geofence creator.

[0060] In an embodiment, geofence creator is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof at pass-through points and access / record the location coordinates of terminal / user device found in such geofenced pass-through points to arrive at precise location coordinates of the terminal (based on rules saved in repository and based on such precise location coordinates, create a navigation map with precise location coordinates including but not limited to touchdown zone, take off zone, start-end location, where to turn for / from taxi bay for safe landing and take-off even in case of low visibility.

[0061] In an embodiment, geofence creator is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof and record the location coordinates of a precise glidepath, critical zones where pilot must align the aircraft during approach stage (in existing aircraft landing practices it is similar to glidepath created by radio frequencies).

[0062] (Ref.: https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / histrument_landing_system_glide_path)

[0063] In an embodiment, the terminal is configured to aircraft navigation system and cockpit dashboard to display the precise location coordinate based navigation map of the runway, glidepath / landing angle, height / altitude, and speed to be maintained to reach touchdown / take-off zone of the runway, dimensions of the runway, start & end of runway, taxi-bay directions etc. as per air traffic management rules.

[0064] In an embodiment, the precise location coordinate based navigation map ( two dimension or three dimension) of the runway through the terminal becomes available / visible at the cockpit display dashboard of the aircraft, based on security verification as per air traffic management rules ( e.g. anyone or combination thereof after entering security password, generated from RSA token / authenticator applications , One Time Password or any similar method, in the application stored in terminal , after verification of flight path , after verification of real-time location coordinates of the aircraft / presence of the aircraft in the fusion / intersection / overlap of geofence (s) created by geofence creator at pass-through point and at defined distance from the planned airport to land / take-off).

[0065] In an embodiment, to ensure that aircraft does not cross over / runover the length of the runway or does not miss the turn for / from desired taxi bay, geofence creator is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof at pass- through points and thereby enabling the terminal / user device to get notified from server (once terminal / user device is found at desired geofenced pass-through point about the speed limit to be maintained and if aircraft is found at higher speed, then terminal communicates to aircraft speed & engine control module which is configured to aircraft speed system to force reduce the speed of the aircraft in a progressive manner. Once the aircraft speed & engine control module has revised the speed limit of the aircraft based on instructions received from terminal then that speed limit remains valid until terminal gets a revised notification / message / instruction from server while passing through another geofence or as per air traffic management rules (e.g. after a defined time duration).

[0066] In an embodiment, terminal is configured to receive the real-time message / instructions from the server if the aircraft having such terminal is passing through a geofenced pass-through point applied on an airport runway / taxi bay lane as defined by centralized traffic controller.

[0067] In an embodiment, once a terminal in the aircraft comes in a geofenced pass-through point , terminal gets real time message / instructions from server about the applicable speed limit at that runway stretch / lane and accordingly terminal communicates to aircraft speed & engine control module configured to aircraft speed system and pilot of the aircraft through a display signal or standard voice message, from connected audio / video system of the aircraft, that speed limit has been changed and the pilot is at right speed or higher or slower to make the user / pilot of the aircraft in alert stage. In an embodiment, user device with admin rights is configured to send signal to server to activate / de-activate certain air traffic management rules for a certain timeperiod at a specific runway zone / lane etc. e.g., request for implementing a rule of reduced speed limit to ensure near stop speed of an aircraft.

[0068] A method of working of the aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations comprises following steps.

[0069] The method comprises steps as under:

[0070] • Configuration of terminal, through the application saved in terminal / user device, with the Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module and programming of terminal to receive the notification / instructions from server or user device and communicate to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module;

[0071] • providing, by a plurality of user devices registration details of the user through graphical user interface of the application saved in user device;

[0072] • generating, by a machine code generator, machine readable code based on said registration details of said user;

[0073] • coupling, by a server, communicatively with said pass-through points , user devices, terminal, Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module;

[0074] • Storing, through repository, rules associated to create geofence(s) and rule to arrive at precise location coordinates when a terminal / user device is found in such geofences created across / over the pass- through point , location coordinates of various airports, mapping and storing of rules based action for a geofence , communicating such action to the terminal when found in geofence and in turn action to be performed by connected devices of aircraft through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module, precise location coordinates of runways and its associated critical points like touchdown zone, takeoff zone, aiming point, centre line etc., aircrafts type / model, precise location coordinates-based navigation map / routes, glide-path mapped to each aircraft model and airport runway, permissible speed limits for the relevant zones / stretches of the runway etc. details of terminal configured to respective aircraft , user devices and users registration details, users with admin rights etc. as defined by air traffic management rules and implemented / am ended by air traffic controller based on real-time needs;

[0075] • Creating geofences, through geofence creator, (intersecting, overlapping, non-intersecting) over / across pass-through points as per rules saved in repository;

[0076] • Creating, by server, navigation map by using precise location coordinates of various pass-through points , to guide pilot / autopilot to safe landing / take-off, parking process and saving the same in repository with other critical parameters (including but not limited speed, angle of elevation / descent, glidepath, turn to / from taxi bay etc.) at various stages of aircraft travel path;

[0077] • Communicating, through server, to terminal / user device precise location coordinates-based navigation map of the runway on the display panel of the aircraft configured through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module, once aircraft has been contacted by air traffic control and allowed to land at the designated runway of the aircraft; • Positioning to land, aircraft to prepare for landing (descent stage), by positioning itself at the designated geofenced pass-through point created around the descent stage zone;

[0078] • Providing, through Server, a navigation map and glidepath connecting the coordinates of terminal / aircraft when found at designated geofenced pass-through point (e.g. Descent Stage position to precise location coordinates of Centreline of touchdown zone of assigned runway). Pilot can select & use the glidepath stored in repository after getting runway assignment details from air traffic controller. Pilot can create precise location coordinates-based navigation map through the application saved in terminal to the designated runway once terminal is present at the desired precise location coordinate of geofence at descent zone;

[0079] • Landing of aircraft, through precise glidepath created by server and made available on the display panel of aircraft, enabling pilot to land the aircraft even in low visibility situations as pilot needs to align speed, altitude, angle of landing as stored in repository and follow the glidepath for safe landing;

[0080] • Positioning to take-off, through terminal, pilot gets navigation map on the display panel configured to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module of the aircraft from server, once air traffic controller has cleared the movement of an aircraft. Following the precise coordinates-based navigation map pilot takes the aircraft to designated runway by following pass-through points (i.e. via taxi bay to assigned runway) and once aircraft achieves desired speed and reaches at take-off point as per navigation map, pilot can take step to take-off even in low visibility situations by following air traffic management rules to take-off;

[0081] • Restricting and releasing runway, through server, by activating geofence based rules as saved in repository for other aircrafts at a designated pass-through point (i.e. stretch / zone / lane of the runway) for a certain time and duration until the previous aircraft assigned to such runway has cleared the runway as per air traffic management rules.

[0082] • force stop, through Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module, which comes in action automatically as per rules saved in repository or as per instructions received from server to implement brake of the aircraft on wrong runway / taxi bay to avoid any collision, in case pilot / autopilot fails to follow directions as received from server via terminal.

[0083] The present disclosure envisages of a system for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof.

[0084] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWING

[0085] A system for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof of the present disclosure will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing, in which:

[0086] Figure 1 & 1 A illustrates block diagrams of a system for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof.

[0087] Figure 2A ,2B & 2C illustrates a flow diagram of method of working of a system for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and

[0088] Fig 3 to 7 elaborates it by examples. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS USED IN THE DESCRIPTION AND

[0089] DRAWING

[0090] 100 - System

[0091] 200 - User device

[0092] 300 - Terminal

[0093] 400 - Server

[0094] 402 - Repository

[0095] 404 - Machine Code Generator

[0096] 4042 - Converter

[0097] 4044 - Code Generator

[0098] 410 - Geofence Creator

[0099] 4102 - Coordinates assessing unit verifying & result generating unit

[0100] 4104 - Coordinates verifying & result generating unit

[0101] 500 - Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module

[0102] 600 - Pass-through points

[0103] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] A preferred embodiment, of a system (100) for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof, is now being described with reference to the accompanying drawing.

[0105] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

[0106] The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.

[0107] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and / or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

[0108] The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," “including,” and “having,” are open ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, elements, modules, units and / or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0109] A system (100) for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof, of the present disclosure is described with reference to Figure 1 through Figure 2B. Referring to Figure 1 & 1 A, the present disclosure envisages a system (100) for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof.

[0110] The system (100) comprises a plurality of user device (200), a plurality of Terminal (300), a server (400), a plurality of Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500) and a plurality of pass-through points (600).

[0111] In an embodiment, a plurality of user devices (200) are associated with a plurality of users in one-to-one correspondence.

[0112] In an embodiment, the server (400) is communicatively coupled with user device (200) and terminal (300). The user device (200) & terminal (300) has an application stored in it.

[0113] In an embodiment, each terminal (300) is configured to aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500) in one-to-one correspondence and configured to server (400).

[0114] In an embodiment, terminal (300) is configured to directly receive messages / instructions from server (400) and communicate to aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500) which is in general parlance responsible for safe take-off, landing, parking and movement to / from taxi-bay in clear visibility scenario.

[0115] In an embodiment, aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500) is configured to altimeter (e.g. radar altimeter etc.) and landing gear wheels of the aircraft to make speed limiter module activated (as per air traffic management rules and as per aircraft speed & engine control module) at a time when aircraft is on the runway for landing or take-off. Speed limiter module connects to the brake system of the aircraft.

[0116] In an embodiment, pass-through points (600) includes but not limited to various zones of the runway markings (Fig. 3) used to guide aircraft for safe landing, take- off & parking at various airports and various stages of aircraft flying / landing process (e.g. preflight, takeoff, departure, Enroute, descent, approach, landing, decision height etc.) wherein pilot / autopilot has to take decision prior to / during / post take-off or landing the aircraft. Said pass through points (600) are geofenced to facilitate pilot / autopilot of the aircraft configured with Terminal (300) and users with user device (200), to receive messages / instructions from server (400) while present in such pass-through point (600) and to receive / retrieve precise navigation map / glidepath as per rules saved in repository (402) in one-to-one correspondence to such geofence and as per rules of air traffic management. (Fig 3 & Fig 4).

[0117] In an embodiment, terminal (300) is configured to aircraft cockpit voice / stereo system and dashboard display system to communicate with pilot of the aircraft about prevailing speed limit for the different zones of the runway / lane of the runway and any change needed therein to make the pilot alert and enabling pilot to increase / decrease the speed manually as permissible.

[0118] In an embodiment, terminal (300) through aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500) can implement force speed reduction as per air traffic management rules applicable to the defined runway.

[0119] In an embodiment, the terminal (300) and user device (200) are communicatively connected to the server (400). Speed Limiter Module of the aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500) of the aircraft can be configured to work only when terminal (300) is found in the geofence created across / over the pass through point (600) ( e.g. runway or any other surface or when it is at a desired geofence & height above the ground and landing gears / wheels are in actual operation on runway for landing or take-off).

[0120] The server (400) includes a repository (402), machine code generator (404), and a geofence(s) creator (410).

[0121] In an embodiment, machine code generator (404) is configured to generate a machine-readable code based on said registration details of said user and said machine code generator (404) includes a converter (4042) & code generator (4044). Converter (4042) is configured to receive said registration details, and further configured to convert said registration details into a standard format to generate a set of converted details based on a set of pre-determined converting rules stored in said repository (402). Code generator (4044) configured to cooperate with said converter (4042) to generate said machine readable code corresponding to said set of converted details based on a set of pre-determined code generating rules stored in said repository (402); and further configured to transmit said machine readable code to said user device (200) / terminal (300). Converter (4042) & code generator (4044) are implemented using one or more processor(s);

[0122] In an embodiment, geofence creator (410) is configured to cooperate with repository (402) to create a number of geofences, with or without intersecting / over- lapping / fusion, over / across the pass-through points (600) to know / derive the precise location coordinates of an aircraft , through the application saved in user device (200) and / or terminal (300) when such device is found in multiple geofences including intersection / overlap / fusion of such geofences simultaneously; geofence creator (410) includes: a coordinate accessing unit (4102) configured to access the coordinates of user device (200) and / or terminal (300) in multiple overlapping / intersecting / fusion of geofences; and a coordinates verifier unit (4104) configured to verify coordinates of User device (102) and / or Terminal (300) and generate a verification result. Coordinate assessing unit (4102) and Coordinate verifier unit (4104) are implemented using one or more processor(s).

[0123] In an embodiment, the repository (402) is configured to store a set of predetermined air traffic management rules, a list of various airports with their specific / general details, including but not limited to , their runway length / width / dimensions with precise location coordinates, navigation map, aircraft model / type (with safe landing / take-off rules applicable to such aircrafts), various turns / junctions from the runway to taxi bay / points with precise location coordinates, Decision Height (when pilot of an aircraft has to take a decision to land or move on without landing), existing visual reference threshold, threshold markings, lights, touchdown zone / markings, Runway Visual range, lighting alongside the runway with different color, touchdown point, runway length, with precise location coordinates to create geofence among various zones of the runway, speed limits rules associated with different zones / lanes of geofenced runways, RSA token, Authenticator or other similar security methods assigned to pilot of the aircraft , terminal(300) details assigned / configured to an aircraft , mobile / satellite phone number of the pilot and other relevant information corresponding to air traffic management with safety.

[0124] In an embodiment, the repository (402) is configured to store precise location coordinates-based navigation map / glidepath and altitude of various pass-through points (600) (critical decision-making points / stages e.g. Take-off, Departure, Enroute, Descent, Approach and Landing), thereby enabling pilots or autopilot to ensure safe landing and take-off, at location coordinates of points (existing or additionally created) where Decision Height to be measured to take an informed decision by pilot to land or not to land.

[0125] In an embodiment, the repository (402) is configured to store speed levels, altitude levels of various critical points of air traffic navigation map wherein aircraft must change the speed, height of the aircraft and direction.

[0126] In an embodiment, the repository (402) is configured to store real life actual landing and take-off process details (including a video recording) of various aircrafts at respective runways e.g. at the time of take-off of an aircraft X41 from runway 17, once it reached the speed of Y km / hour, it took Z° angle of elevation and then it flew-off the runway at designated runway marking (apart from considering the speed of wind, direction of wind and other critical parameters which are known and practiced by aircrafts routinely) and in same way for landing activity (with decision height, altitude , speed, approach preparation etc.) with the current set-up of airport infrastructure and certification level of e.g. CAT I, CATII , CAT III certified. In an embodiment, the repository (402) is configured to store precise location coordinates and altitude at all critical stages of aircraft landing and at take-off stage / process.

[0127] In an embodiment, Precise Location coordinates of the terminal (300) / user device (200) are derived based on rules saved in the repository (402) and on verifying the presence of terminal (300) / user device (200) at pass-through point (600) which is geofenced through fusion / intersection / overlap areas of geofence(s) created by geofence creator (410).

[0128] In an embodiment, geofence creator (410) is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof at pass-through points (600) and access / record the location coordinates of terminal (300) / user device (200) found in such geofenced pass-through points (600) to arrive at precise location coordinates of the terminal (300) (based on rules saved in repository (402) and based on such precise location coordinates, create a navigation map with precise location coordinates including but not limited to touchdown zone, take off zone, start-end location, where to turn for / from taxi bay for safe landing and take-off even in case of low visibility.

[0129] In an embodiment, geofence creator (410) is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof and record the location coordinates of a precise glidepath, critical zones where pilot must align the aircraft during approach stage (in existing aircraft landing practices it is similar to glidepath created by radio frequencies).

[0130] (Ref.: https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / Instrument_landing_system_glide_path)

[0131] In an embodiment, the terminal (300) is configured to aircraft navigation system and cockpit dashboard to display the precise location coordinate based navigation map of the runway, glidepath / landing angle, height / altitude, and speed to be maintained to reach touchdown / take-off zone of the runway, dimensions of the runway, start & end of runway, taxi -bay directions etc. as per air traffic management rules.

[0132] In an embodiment, the precise location coordinate based navigation map ( two dimension or three dimension) of the runway through the terminal (300) becomes available / visible at the cockpit display dashboard of the aircraft, based on security verification as per air traffic management rules ( e.g. anyone or combination thereof after entering security password, generated from RSA token / authenticator applications , One Time Password or any similar method, in the application stored in terminal (300) , after verification of flight path , after verification of real-time location coordinates of the aircraft / presence of the aircraft in the fusion / intersection / overlap of geofence (s) created by geofence creator (410) at pass-through point (600) and at defined distance from the planned airport to land / take-off).

[0133] In an embodiment, to ensure that aircraft does not cross over / runover the length of the runway or does not miss the turn for / from desired taxi bay, geofence creator (410) is configured to create geofence(s) and fusion / intersection / overlap thereof at pass-through points (600) and thereby enabling the terminal (300) / user device (200) to get notified from server (400) (once terminal (300) / user device (200) is found at desired geofenced pass-through point (600) about the speed limit to be maintained and if aircraft is found at higher speed, then terminal (300) communicates to aircraft speed & engine control module (500) which is configured to aircraft speed system to force reduce the speed of the aircraft in a progressive manner. Once the aircraft speed & engine control module (500) has revised the speed limit of the aircraft based on instructions received from terminal (300) then that speed limit remains valid until terminal gets a revised notification / message / instruction from server (400) while passing through another geofence or as per air traffic management rules (e.g. after a defined time duration).

[0134] In an embodiment, terminal (300) is configured to receive the real-time message / instructions from the server (400) if the aircraft having such terminal (300) is passing through a geofenced pass-through point (600) applied on an airport runway / taxi bay lane as defined by centralized traffic controller.

[0135] In an embodiment, once a terminal (300) in the aircraft comes in a geofenced pass- through point (600), terminal (300) gets real time message / instructions from server (400) about the applicable speed limit at that runway stretch / lane and accordingly terminal (300) communicates to aircraft speed & engine control module (500) configured to aircraft speed system and pilot of the aircraft through a display signal or standard voice message, from connected audio / video system of the aircraft, that speed limit has been changed and the pilot is at right speed or higher or slower to make the user / pilot of the aircraft in alert stage.

[0136] In an embodiment, user device (200) with admin rights is configured to send signal to server to activate / de-activate certain air traffic management rules for a certain time-period at a specific runway zone / lane etc. e.g., request for implementing a rule of reduced speed limit to ensure near stop speed of an aircraft.

[0137] Figures 2A to 2C illustrates a flow diagram of method of working of the system for aircraft takeoff and landing including in low visibility situations.

[0138] The method comprises steps as under:

[0139] • Configuration of terminal (300), through the application saved in terminal (300) / user device (200), with the Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500) and programming of terminal (300) to receive the notification / instructions from server (400) or user device (200) and communicate to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500);

[0140] • providing, by a plurality of user devices (200) registration details of the user through graphical user interface of the application saved in user device (200); • generating, by a machine code generator (404), machine readable code based on said registration details of said user;

[0141] • coupling, by a server (400), communicatively with said pass-through points (600), user devices (200), terminal (300), Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500);

[0142] • Storing, through repository (402), rules associated to create geofence(s) and rule to arrive at precise location coordinates when a terminal (300) / user device (200) is found in such geofences created across / over the pass-through point (600) , location coordinates of various airports, mapping and storing of rules based action for a geofence , communicating such action to the terminal (300) when found in geofence and in turn action to be performed by connected devices of aircraft through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500), precise location coordinates of runways and its associated critical points like touchdown zone, take-off zone, aiming point, centre line etc., aircrafts type / model, precise location coordinates- based navigation map / routes, glide-path mapped to each aircraft model and airport runway, permissible speed limits for the relevant zones / stretches of the runway etc. details of terminal (300) configured to respective aircraft , user devices (200) and users registration details, users with admin rights etc. as defined by air traffic management rules and implemented / amended by air traffic controller based on real-time needs;

[0143] • Creating geofences, through geofence creator (404), (intersecting, overlapping, non-intersecting) over / across pass-through points (600) as per rules saved in repository (402); • Creating, by server (400), navigation map by using precise location coordinates of various pass-through points (600), to guide pilot / autopilot to safe landing / take-off, parking process and saving the same in repository (402) with other critical parameters (including but not limited speed, angle of el evation / de scent, glidepath, turn to / from taxi bay etc.) at various stages of aircraft travel path;

[0144] • Communicating, through server (400), to terminal (300) / user device (200) precise location coordinates-based navigation map of the runway on the display panel of the aircraft configured through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500), once aircraft has been contacted by air traffic control and allowed to land at the designated runway of the aircraft;

[0145] • Positioning to land, aircraft to prepare for landing (descent stage), by positioning itself at the designated geofenced pass-through point (600) created around the descent stage zone;

[0146] • Providing, through Server (400), a navigation map and glidepath connecting the coordinates of terminal (300) / aircraft when found at designated geofenced pass-through point (600) (e.g. Descent Stage position to precise location coordinates of Centreline of touchdown zone of assigned runway). Pilot can select & use the glidepath stored in repository (402) after getting runway assignment details from air traffic controller. Pilot can create precise location coordinates-based navigation map through the application saved in terminal (300) to the designated runway once terminal is present at the desired precise location coordinate of geofence at descent zone;

[0147] • Landing of aircraft, through precise glidepath created by server (400) and made available on the display panel of aircraft, enabling pilot to land the aircraft even in low visibility situations as pilot needs to align speed, altitude, angle of landing as stored in repository (402) and follow the glidepath for safe landing;

[0148] • Positioning to take-off, through terminal (300), pilot gets navigation map on the display panel configured to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500) of the aircraft from server (400), once air traffic controller has cleared the movement of an aircraft. Following the precise coordinates-based navigation map pilot takes the aircraft to designated runway by following pass-through points (600) (i.e. via taxi bay to assigned runway) and once aircraft achieves desired speed and reaches at take-off point as per navigation map, pilot can take step to take-off even in low visibility situations by following air traffic management rules to take-off;

[0149] • Restricting and releasing runway, through server (400), by activating geofence based rules as saved in repository (402) for other aircrafts at a designated pass-through point (600) (i.e. stretch / zone / lane of the runway) for a certain time and duration until the previous aircraft assigned to such runway has cleared the runway as per air traffic management rules.

[0150] • force stop, through Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500), which comes in action automatically as per rules saved in repository (402) or as per instructions received from server (400) to implement brake of the aircraft on wrong runway / taxi bay to avoid any collision, in case pilot / autopilot fails to follow directions as received from server (400) via terminal (300). TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS AND ECONOMICAL SIGNIFICANCE

[0151] The present disclosure described herein above has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of a system for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations and a method thereof, which:

[0152] • Understands the issue of complexities involved with high-speed aircraft landing process (as a minute / slight change in descent angle / altitude / speed of a high-speed aircraft will take it off the runway / crash into the runway) and provides a precise location coordinates-based navigation map and precise glidepath until the assigned runway taxi bay.

[0153] • Addresses the technical issue of speed limiting of aircrafts at defined runway / taxi bay as per air traffic management rules to ensure no overrun by aircraft.

[0154] • Providing a precise coordinate based real-time / pre-stored navigation map with required altitude, speed, angle at various stages of aircraft flight etc. to be maintained to enable the user / pilot to land / take-off the aircraft in low visibility and tough weather conditions.

[0155] • Saving resources due to diversion / cancellations of aircrafts as they cannot operate in low visibility scenarios.

[0156] • During the heavy fog, heavy rains or low visibility situations, current invention helps to control the speed limits at designated patches / stretches of runway and help in minimizing accidents.

[0157] • Current invention addresses the issue of landing / take-off during low visibility wherein visual guidance / lights etc. as per air traffic management rules are not available to pilot, hence precise coordinates based navigation map achieved through fusion / intersection / overlap of multiple geofences coupled with altitude, speed and other parameters at such precise location coordinates to be maintained as per prevailing air traffic management rules addresses the technical & safety issue due to low visibility and allows pilot / auto-pilot to land / take-off even in low visibility situations. The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained with reference to the non-limiting embodiments in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

[0158] The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the disclosure to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results.

[0159] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and / or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

Claims

CLAIMSWE CLAIM:

1. A system (100) for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations, said system (100) comprising:• a plurality of User device (200), Terminal (300), Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500), pass-through point (600) and Server (400);Characterized in that:• a plurality of user devices (200) associated with said plurality of users in one-to-one correspondence with specific access granted to users as per air traffic management rules and such user device (200) having an application stored therein to facilitate said user to provide registration details, to receive & communicate messages / signal on real-time basis and implement the air traffic management rules;• a plurality of terminal (300) associated with said plurality of aircrafts in one-to-one correspondence and having an application stored therein to authenticate the access and to receive and communicate messages / signal on real-time basis from server (400) and / or connected user device (200) to communicate to aircraft speed, brake & engine control module (500);• a server (400), communicatively coupled with said pass-through points (600), said user devices (200), said terminal (300) and Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500) through terminal (300), said server (400) comprising:a machine code generator (404), configured to generate a machine-readable code based on said registration details of said user; said machine code generator (404) includes:■ a converter (4042) configured to receive said registration details, and further configured to convert said registration details into a standard format to generate a set of converted details based on a set of pre-determined converting rules stored in said repository (402); and■ a code generator (4044) configured to cooperate with said converter (4042) to generate said machine readable code corresponding to said set of converted details based on a set of predetermined code generating rules stored in said repository (402); and further configured to transmit said machine readable code to said user device (200), wherein said converter (4042) and said code generator (4044) are implemented using one or more processor(s); a repository (402), configured to store a set of predetermined air traffic management rules, airports along with their runways and runway markings including pass- through points(600), parking and taxi-bay at such airports, geofences and rules to create such geofences (fusion of intersecting / overlapping or otherwise geofences) to arrive at precise location coordinates of terminal (300) / user device (200), set of instructions to be communicated to the terminal (300) and / or user device (200) once found in geofence, aircraft model / type along with terminal configured to them and applicabledecision points during various stages of aircraft flight, user devices(200) assigned to users with their access rights, navigation map, glidepath for respective aircrafts , decision height, altitude, landing / take-off angle / speed etc. to be maintained by aircraft; a geofence creator (410), configured to cooperate with repository (402) to create a number of geofences, with or without intersecting / over-lapping / fusion, over / across the pass-through points (600) to know / derive the precise location coordinates of an aircraft , through the application saved in user device (200) and / or terminal (300) when such device is found in multiple geofences including intersection / overlap / fusion of such geofences simultaneously; geofence creator (410) includes:■ a coordinate accessing unit (4102) configured to access the coordinates of user device (200) and / or terminal (300) in multiple overlapping / intersecting / fusion of geofences; and■ a coordinates verifier unit (4104) configured to verify coordinates of User device (102) and / or Terminal (300) and generate a verification result, wherein said coordinate assessing unit (4102) and said coordinate verifier unit (4104) are implemented using one or more processor(s) aircraft speed, brake and engine control module (500) configured to terminal (300) displays, on the dashboard of the aircraft, the precise navigation map to the assigned airport, assigned runway, glidepath with pass-through points (600) for safe landing & take-off procedures (including speed, altitude etc. during various stages ofaircraft travel) as per air traffic management rules and implements brake of the aircraft to reduce speed / stop the same if pilot fails to take action as communicated to user device (200) and / or terminal (300) by server (400);• each set of said pass-through points (600) is geofenced to facilitate pilot / autopilot of the aircraft configured with Terminal (300) and users with user device (200), to receive messages / instructions from server (400) while present in such pass- through point (600) and to receive / retrieve precise navigation map / glide path as per rules saved in one-to-one correspondence to such geofence and as per rules of air traffic management, pass- through point (600) includes: o various zones of the runway markings in one-to-one correspondence to respective airport used to guide aircraft for safe landing, take-off and parking at various airports; o various zones of aircraft travel stages in one-to-one correspondence to individual aircraft and airport wherein pilot / autopilot has to take decision prior to / during / post take-off or landing the aircraft.

2. The system (100) for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations as claimed in claim 1, wherein aircraft includes airplanes, helicopters, air-taxi and similar vehicles used in air transport and includes autonomous or non-autonomous aircrafts.

3. The system (100) for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a map configured in said application for said user device (200) / terminal (300) to provide navigation details to assigned runway of the airport, along with relevantinformation as per air traffic management rules, applicable to pass-through points (600) on the route.

4. The system(lOO) for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a communication unit included in said server (400) for communication with terminal (300) or user device (200) when found at pass- through points (600), and a data logger configured to maintain log sheet for each communication / alert message received or sent to such user devices(200) and / or terminal (300).

5. A method for aircraft take-off and landing including in low visibility situations comprises the following steps:• Configuration of terminal (300), through the application saved in terminal (300) / user device (200), with the Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500) and programming of terminal (300) to receive the notification / instructions from server (400) or user device (200) and communicate to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500);• providing, by a plurality of user devices (200) registration details of the user through graphical user interface of the application saved in user device (200);• generating, by a machine code generator (404), machine readable code based on said registration details of said user;• coupling, by a server (400), communicatively with said pass-through points (600), user devices (200), terminal (300), Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500);• Storing, through repository (402), rules associated to create geofence(s) and rule to arrive at precise location coordinates when a terminal (300) / user device (200) is found in such geofences created across / over the pass-through point (600) , location coordinates of various airports, mapping and storing of rules based action for a geofence , communicating such action to the terminal (300) when found in geofence and in turn action to be performed by connected devices of aircraft through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500), precise location coordinates of runways and its associated critical points like touchdown zone, take-off zone, aiming point, centre line etc., aircrafts type / model, precise location coordinates- based navigation map / routes, glide-path mapped to each aircraft model and airport runway, permissible speed limits for the relevant zones / stretches of the runway etc. details of terminal (300) configured to respective aircraft , user devices (200) and users registration details, users with admin rights etc. as defined by air traffic management rules and implemented / amended by air traffic controller based on real-time needs;• Creating geofences, through geofence creator (404), (intersecting, overlapping, non-intersecting) over / across pass-through points (600) as per rules saved in repository (402);• Creating, by server (400), navigation map by using precise location coordinates of various pass-through points (600), to guide pilot / autopilot to safe landing / take-off, parking process and saving the same in repository (402) with other critical parameters (including but not limited speed, angle of elevation / descent, glidepath, turn to / from taxi bay etc.) at various stages of aircraft travel path;• Communicating, through server (400), to terminal (300) / user device (200) precise location coordinates-based navigation map of the runway on the display panel of the aircraft configured through Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500), once aircraft has been contacted by air traffic control and allowed to land at the designated runway of the aircraft;• Positioning to land, aircraft to prepare for landing (descent stage), by positioning itself at the designated geofenced pass-through point (600) created around the descent stage zone;• Providing, through Server (400), a navigation map and glidepath connecting the coordinates of terminal (300) / aircraft when found at designated geofenced pass-through point (600) (e.g. Descent Stage position to precise location coordinates of Centreline of touchdown zone of assigned runway). Pilot can select & use the glidepath stored in repository (402) after getting runway assignment details from air traffic controller. Pilot can create precise location coordinates-based navigation map through the application saved in terminal (300) to the designated runway once terminal is present at the desired precise location coordinate of geofence at descent zone;• Landing of aircraft, through precise glidepath created by server (400) and made available on the display panel of aircraft, enabling pilot to land the aircraft even in low visibility situations as pilot needs to align speed, altitude, angle of landing as stored in repository (402) and follow the glidepath for safe landing;• Positioning to take-off, through terminal (300), pilot gets navigation map on the display panel configured to Aircraft Speed & Engine Control Module (500) of the aircraft from server (400), once air traffic controller has cleared the movement of an aircraft. Following the precise coordinates-based navigation map pilot takes the aircraft to designated runway by following pass-through points (600) (i.e. via taxi bay to assigned runway) and once aircraft achieves desired speed and reaches at take-off point as per navigation map, pilot can take step to take-off even in low visibility situations by following air traffic management rules to take-off;• Restricting and releasing runway, through server (400), by activating geofence based rules as saved in repository (402) for other aircrafts at a designated pass-through point (600) (i.e. stretch / zone / lane of the runway) for a certain time and duration until the previous aircraft assigned to such runway has cleared the runway as per air traffic management rules.• force stop, through Aircraft Speed, Brake & Engine Control Module (500), which comes in action automatically as per rules saved in repository (402) or as per instructions received from server (400) to implement brake of the aircraft on wrong runway / taxi bay to avoid any collision, in case pilot / autopilot fails to follow directions as received from server (400) via terminal (300).

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