Cogenerating fractal solar collector

Abstract

The aim of the invention is to allow more efficient use of solar rays and to improve the energy conversion efficiency of a fractal solar collector by operation in a cogeneration mode. The technical result consists in more efficient use of solar rays and an improvement in the energy conversion efficiency of a fractal solar collector by multiple utilization of solar insolation. This is done using a parabolic concentrator. The technical result is achieved by covering the rear side of fractal absorbers with polymer solar panels for generating electrical energy from solar rays reflected from the aperture area of the solar collector. The cogeneration mode is controlled by varying the dimensions and position of the fractal absorbers.

Description

[0001] COGENERATIVE FRACTAL SOLAR COLLECTOR

[0002] The invention relates to solar technology and can be used for autonomous power supply and heat supply.

[0003] A design (D3 US 3988166 A, October 26, 1976) is known for increasing the efficiency and solar insolation performance of a solar power plant. It utilizes a parabolic concentrator and reflector to generate electric current and thermal energy. The coolant acts as a coolant for the solar array and has an intermediate value.

[0004] The disadvantage of this solar installation is its complex design and the lack of control over the coherent operation mode.

[0005] A known design of a spherical solar collector (UA 105112 C2 Spherical Solar Collector) contains a heat sink made of a single metal tube wound along a spherical helical line. The heat sink is housed within an evacuated glass sphere consisting of two hemispheres hermetically sealed within a profiled vacuum rubber gasket. This solar collector does not require a GPS tracker to track the sun's movement.

[0006] The disadvantages of this solar collector are the unreliability of the design and the lack of a cogeneration mode.

[0007] A known design is a parabolic-cylindrical solar concentrator with an absorber and a sun tracking system (RU 2 300058 C2). The solar concentrator is designed such that the absorber, placed at its focal point, does not create a shadow in the working mirror area and allows the concentrator's rotation axis to be positioned at the center of gravity of the entire system. The absorber is a parabolic-cylindrical concentrator with a short focal length.

[0008] The disadvantage of this design is its unreliability during operation and the absence of a cogenerative mode.

[0009] The closest invention to the proposed design is a vacuum fractal solar collector (RK Patent for Invention No. 36213) including a support frame, a parabolic concentrator suspension unit, rods for fastening the parabolic concentrator, and toroidal absorbers in a fractal form located in the aperture area of ​​the evacuated space of the concentrator according to the Fibonacci number principle.

[0010] A disadvantage of this invention is the lack of a cogeneration mode. The goal of the invention is to increase the solar efficiency and performance of the fractal solar collector by operating in cogeneration mode.

[0011] The technical result consists of increasing the solar efficiency and performance of a fractal collector. This is achieved by generating electrical energy using reflected sunlight from the aperture area of ​​a parabolic concentrator, where toroidal absorbers are arranged in a fractal pattern based on the Fibonacci number. This is also achieved by optimizing the size and placement of these absorbers within the solar installation's aperture area to produce warm water of varying temperatures.

[0012] This technical result is achieved by constructing polymer solar panels for generating electrical energy on the backside of fractal absorbers arranged according to the Fibonacci number principle within the aperture area of ​​a parabolic concentrator. Coherence control is achieved by varying the fractal dimension of the absorbers and their placement within the solar installation's aperture area.

[0013] Fig. 1 shows a cogenerative fractal solar collector.

[0014] The proposed cogenerative fractal solar collector comprises a parabolic concentrator 1, a first fractal absorber 2 located at the focal point of the parabolic concentrator, shared with the lower surface of a photovoltaic panel 3, toroidal absorbers 4 arranged relative to 2 according to the Fibonacci number principle in the aperture area of ​​the parabolic concentrator. Here, each fractal absorber is shared with the lower surface with polymer photovoltaic panels 5, a system for guiding the parabolic concentrator to the movement of the sun 6, a circulation pump 7, a heat exchanger 8, a boiler 9, a cold water tap 10, a tap for the thermal energy consumer 11, a controller 12, a battery 13, an inverter 14, and an electrical energy consumer 15.

[0015] The cogenerative fractal solar collector works as follows.

[0016] Sunlight passing through the first fractal absorber 2, lined with polymer solar panels 3 on the underside and located at the focal point of parabolic concentrator 1, heats the coolant inside the absorber. Then, passing onto the next toroidal absorbers 4, also lined with polymer solar panels 5 on the underside, heats the coolant inside them. Reflected rays from the aperture area of ​​parabolic concentrator 1, striking polymer solar panels 5 lined on the underside of toroidal absorbers 4 and solar panels 3 of the first fractal 2, generate electric current. The current is fed through controller 12 to battery 13 and then transmitted via inverter 14 to electrical consumer 15. The coolants 2 and each toroidal absorber 4 have different temperatures. Cold water enters the broiler 9 through tap 10. Heated water from the first fractal absorber 2 enters the heat exchanger to the consumer through tap 11.The movement of the coolant is controlled by the circulation pump 7, and the guidance of the parabolic concentrator towards the movement of the sun is carried out by the system 6.

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION A cogenerative fractal solar collector comprising a solar insolation radiation receiver in the form of a parabolic concentrator with an automatic system for guiding to the movements of the Sun, a support frame, a suspension unit, tie rods for fastening and a fractal absorber in the form of a toroid, characterized in that: - parabolic concentrator covered with aluminum casing on the inside. - the coolant of fractal toroidal absorbers has hot water of different temperatures, - on the aperture area of ​​the parabolic concentrator, fractal toroidal absorbers are located according to the Fibonacci number principle, the reverse side of which is covered with polymer solar panels for generating electric current, due to the reflected sun rays from the aperture area of ​​the solar installation.

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