Multi-wavelength medical laser system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of laser devices, and provides a multi-wavelength medical laser system. The system in the present invention comprises: a femtosecond laser, a large-numerical-aperture focusing lens group, a deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser, a beam compensator, a first laser transmission apparatus, a first reflector, a second laser transmission apparatus, a laser light positioning apparatus, an eye-tracking system, and an operating microscope. The deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser generates deep ultraviolet laser light having a wavelength ranging from 190 to 213 nm. The femtosecond laser generates femtosecond laser light having a wavelength ranging from 800 nm to 1100 nm. The first reflector is capable of reflecting the femtosecond laser light and transmitting the deep ultraviolet laser light, or alternatively, the first reflector is capable of reflecting the deep ultraviolet laser light and transmitting the femtosecond laser light, so that a single instrument is capable of both utilizing the deep ultraviolet laser light for precise corneal ablation and employing the femtosecond laser light to perform cutting within the intermediate layer of the cornea. Multiple instruments and patient transfer are not needed during treatment, thereby simplifying a treatment procedure and improving the treatment efficiency.

Description

Multi-wavelength medical laser system

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410625035.8, filed on May 20, 2024, entitled “Multi-wavelength medical laser system”, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of laser equipment, in particular to a multi-wavelength medical laser system. BACKGROUND

[0004] In the prior art, the eye is usually treated or diagnosed using instruments that are each designed to match the respective application purpose. For example, if a refractive error is to be corrected by means of a laser surgical procedure on the cornea, first an instrument suitable for diagnosing the eye is used, such as a slit lamp, an optical arrangement for three-dimensional measurement of the cornea, an arrangement for optical coherence tomography, etc. The results achieved using this diagnostic instrument then determine the measures to be taken for the treatment, the instruments to be used for the treatment are selected and prepared. In the treatment, a so-called “Flapschneide” laser (also known as a laser keratome, or in its mechanical variant as a microkeratome) is first used to construct a flap-like cover (Deckel), known as a “flap”, on the surface of the cornea before the refractive error is corrected, the flap-like cover having a thickness that is significantly smaller than the thickness of the cornea. In order to be able to produce this flap-like cover as precisely as possible, laser keratomes are used in the prior art, which produce a treatment laser beam having a pulse width of less than 10-12 s. By this, a locally limited, with an extension of only a few micrometers, breakthrough (Durchbruch) is achieved in the cornea. By purposefully arranging a plurality of such breakthroughs next to one another, the desired “flap” can be constructed and made reversible. After the “flap” has been produced, another instrument is used to cut tissue from the exposed inner area of the cornea in the reversed “flap” for the purpose of correcting the refractive error. The cutting operation in turn requires the introduction of energy by means of a pulsed treatment laser beam, which can come from an excimer laser. After the treatment, a diagnostic instrument is usually also used in order to be able to evaluate the treatment result and, if necessary, to be able to schedule a follow-up treatment.

[0005] It is thus apparent that during the treatment, the sequence of the instruments used for the diagnosis or treatment of the eye must be carefully considered, wherein in particular the patient-related identification data, diagnosis data and / or treatment data and the treatment-related configuration data or protocol data and control signals are taken into account, so that the physician or user who carries out the treatment can make the necessary adjustments on the respective instruments used for the treatment or diagnosis. The patient also needs to be repositioned because of the different instruments, or the individual instruments need to be moved in order to be aligned with the eye of the patient to be diagnosed or treated.

[0006] In the prior art, the patient needs to be transported from one instrument to the next during the treatment, since the instruments used are usually separate from one another. However, this alone does not guarantee the precise positioning necessary for the treatment or diagnosis on the respective instrument. Since the geometrical dimensions of the instruments do not coincide with one another, not only does the patient need to be transported between the instruments, but also the position of the patient needs to be adjusted according to the respective instrument design. SUMMARY

[0007] Embodiments of the present application provide a multi-wavelength medical laser system to at least partially solve the problems in the related art.

[0008] A first aspect of embodiments of the present application provides a multi-wavelength medical laser system, comprising a femtosecond laser, a large digital aperture focusing lens group, a deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser, a beam compensator, a first laser transmission device, a first mirror, a second laser transmission device, a positioning laser device eye tracking system, and a surgical microscope, the deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm, the femtosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm, the laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the first laser transmission device, and the laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the large digital aperture focusing lens group; the laser passing through the first mirror is transmitted to a target position through the second laser transmission device, and the positioning laser device adjusts the position of the laser based on the eye tracking system and the surgical microscope; the laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is used for cutting treatment of the cornea; and the laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is used for cutting in the middle layer of the cornea.

[0009] Optionally, the deep ultraviolet nanosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 213 nm, the femtosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 1053 nm, the first mirror reflects the 1053 nm laser and transmits the 213 nm laser in a first state, and the first mirror reflects the 213 nm laser and transmits the 1053 nm laser in a second state.

[0010] Optionally, the femtosecond laser is a high-repetition frequency femtosecond laser between 800 nm and 1100 nm.

[0011] Optionally, the deep ultraviolet laser is a 213 nm pulsed laser of a Nd:YAG five times frequency conversion, and a solid laser is frequency converted to generate a deep ultraviolet pulsed laser with a wavelength between 190 nm and 213 nm.

[0012] Optionally, the first laser transmission device comprises a beam compensator, a mirror, a beam expander and a beam homogenizer.

[0013] Optionally, the second laser transmission device comprises an X-Y scanning mirror and a focusing lens.

[0014] Optionally, the femtosecond laser is a fiber laser, the pulse energy is 1 muJ, the pulse width is 300 fs, the pulse frequency is less than 4 MHz, and the cooling mode is air cooling.

[0015] Optionally, the laser generated by the fiber laser has a spot diameter of 3 mu m, a focusing energy of 150 nJ / pulse, and a focusing range of 300 mu m.

[0016] The multi-wavelength medical laser system provided by the embodiment of the application can achieve both precise cutting treatment of the cornea by the 213 nm laser and cutting in the middle layer of the cornea by the 1053 nm laser by one instrument, without using multiple instruments and transferring the patient, so that the treatment process is simplified and the treatment efficiency is improved.

[0017] In the embodiment of the application, the deep ultraviolet pulsed solid laser with a wavelength between 190 nm and 213 nm generated by the solid laser through various frequency conversion technologies replaces the currently widely used 193 nm argon fluoride excimer gas laser, which can avoid the use of a toxic high-pressure fluorine gas cylinder and effectively avoid the environmental threat caused by leakage of the high-pressure gas cylinder, thereby greatly improving the safety of the equipment for doctors and patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments of the application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0019] Fig. 1 shows a structure diagram of a multi-wavelength medical laser system according to an embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0020] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and comprehensible, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, a multi-wavelength medical laser system is provided, as shown in Fig. 1, which shows the multi-wavelength medical laser system according to an embodiment of the present application. The system comprises a femtosecond laser, a large digital aperture focusing lens group, a deep ultraviolet nanometer laser, a beam compensator, a first laser transmission device, a first mirror, a second laser transmission device, an eye tracking system of a positioning laser device, and a surgical microscope. The deep ultraviolet nanometer laser generates laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm. The femtosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm. The laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the first laser transmission device. The laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the large digital aperture focusing lens group. The laser passing through the first mirror is transmitted to a target position through the second laser transmission device. The positioning laser device adjusts the position of the laser based on the eye tracking system and the surgical microscope. The laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is used for cutting treatment of the cornea. The laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is used for cutting in the middle layer of the cornea.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, the femtosecond laser can be a high-repetition-frequency femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the deep ultraviolet laser is a Nd:YAG five-fold frequency 213 nm pulsed laser. The solid laser generates deep ultraviolet pulsed laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm through frequency conversion technology.

[0024] In actual application, either the 213 nm laser or the deep ultraviolet nanometer laser can be selected.

[0025] In actual application, the first mirror has two states. In the first state, the first mirror can transmit the 213 nm laser to the second laser transmission device. In the second state, the first mirror can transmit the 1053 nm femtosecond laser to the second laser transmission device.

[0026] Optionally, in the first state of the first mirror, the first mirror can reflect the 1053 nm laser and transmit the 213 nm laser. In the second state of the first mirror, the first mirror can reflect the 213 nm laser and transmit the 1053 nm laser.

[0027] In this case, in the actual application process, the first mirror can be set to the second state by default, so that even if one or more of the two lasers is started, the laser will not reach the eyeball position, and misoperation can be avoided. In the operation process of the system, the femtosecond laser can be started first, and the first mirror can be set to the second state, so that the 1053 nanometer femtosecond laser generated by the femtosecond laser reaches the eyeball position through the reflection of the first mirror, and cutting in the intermediate layer of the cornea is completed; then the deep ultraviolet nanometer laser is started, so that the 213 nanometer laser generated by the deep ultraviolet nanometer laser is transmitted to the eyeball position through the first mirror, and the cornea is cut and processed.

[0028] Optionally, the first state of the first mirror can be to transmit the 213 nanometer laser, and the second state can be to reflect the 1053 nanometer laser.

[0029] In this case, in the actual application process, the femtosecond laser can be started first, and the first mirror is adjusted to the reflection function, so that the laser beam generated by the femtosecond laser is reflected into the second laser transmission device through the first mirror, and finally transmitted to the eyeball for cutting in the intermediate layer of the cornea, and then the femtosecond laser is turned off. The 213 nanometer laser or the deep ultraviolet nanometer laser is started, the first mirror is adjusted to the transmission function, the laser beam is transmitted into the second laser transmission device through the first mirror, and finally transmitted to the eyeball for cutting and processing the cornea.

[0030] Specifically, the first mirror can be a lens with two different curvatures, so that one side reflects the received light beam and the other side transmits the received light beam. In actual application, the first mirror can be flipped and the angle can be adjusted to realize the conversion between the two states.

[0031] Specifically, the first mirror can also be a lens system composed of multiple lenses, which realizes the conversion between the two states by adjusting the number, position and curvature of the lenses.

[0032] In the embodiment of the application, the large numerical aperture focusing lens group functions to focus light beams onto a very small point or area. Such a lens group is usually composed of multiple lenses to achieve more complex optical functions.

[0033] Specifically, the large numerical aperture focusing lens group functions include:

[0034] High numerical aperture: Large numerical aperture means that the diameter of the lens and the focal length are relatively large, which means that a larger range of incident light can be received. Such a design enables the focusing lens group to collect more light and handle larger incident angles, improving the light collection efficiency and the luminous flux of the lens system.

[0035] High resolution: Large numerical aperture focusing lens group can provide higher resolution, that is, can focus light more clearly, so that the size of the focus point is smaller. This is very important for applications that require high precision imaging or high resolution, such as microscopes, laser engraving and optical sensors, etc.

[0036] Optical correction: The focusing lens group can correct optical distortion by combining lenses of different curvatures and shapes. This includes spherical aberration, chromatic aberration and aberration, etc. By optimizing the design and combination of the lens group, better optical performance can be achieved, improving the imaging quality and the clarity of the focus point.

[0037] Beam shape adjustment: Large numerical aperture focusing lens group can also adjust the shape of the light beam by the shape and combination of the lenses. For example, by using aspherical lenses or non-uniform lens curvature, the adjustment of the light beam shape can be achieved, such as converting a circular light beam into an elliptical light beam.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, the second laser transmission device comprises an X-Y scanning mirror and a focusing lens.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the femtosecond laser is a fiber laser, the pulse energy is 1 μJ, the pulse width is 300 fs, the pulse frequency is less than 4 MHz, and the cooling mode is air cooling.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the laser spot diameter generated by the fiber laser is 3 μm, the focusing energy is 150 nJ / pulse, and the focusing range is 300 μm.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the X-Y scanning mirror is a component commonly used in optical systems and laser technology. It is composed of two mutually perpendicular mirrors, one for horizontal direction (X-axis) and the other for vertical direction (Y-axis). By controlling the movement of the two mirrors, precise positioning and orientation of the laser beam can be achieved. The main function of the X-Y scanning mirror is to change the direction and position of the light beam. By controlling the angle and speed of the scanning mirror, the light beam can be scanned, focused, deflected and positioned on a plane.

[0042] The focusing lens in the multi-wavelength medical laser system provided by the embodiment of the present application can focus the light beam on a smaller point or area. The focusing lens can change the propagation direction of the light beam and the intensity distribution of the light rays, making the light beam more concentrated and powerful.

[0043] Specifically, the focusing lens has the following functions:

[0044] Focusing: A focusing lens can focus a parallel incident light beam onto a focal point. By changing the relative position of the lens and the light beam or adjusting the curvature of the lens, the focal length and the position of the focal point of the light beam can be controlled.

[0045] Light beam shape adjustment: A focusing lens can change the shape of a laser light beam, such as converting a circular light beam into an elliptical light beam.

[0046] Light beam adjustment: A focusing lens can adjust the diameter and divergence angle of a light beam. By changing the aperture and curvature of the lens, the degree of divergence or focusing of the light beam can be controlled.

[0047] Optical correction: A focusing lens can also be used to correct optical aberrations in the light beam. For example, a spherical lens can correct spherical aberration, so that the light beam maintains better quality and clarity of the focal point during focusing.

[0048] Specifically, in actual application, the direction, position, diameter, and divergence angle of the laser light beam reflected by the first mirror can be adjusted based on the cooperation of the large numerical aperture focusing lens group, the X-Y scanning mirror, and the focusing lens.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the first laser transmission device comprises a light beam compensator, a mirror, a beam expander, and a light beam homogenizer.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the light beam compensator is a device for adjusting the focal point position of the laser beam inside the eye. Its function is to correct the errors caused by the corneal shape, refractive power, and other factors when the light beam is refracted inside the eyeball, to ensure that the laser can accurately focus on the retina, thereby achieving precise and effective treatment effect. In the embodiment of the present application, the light beam compensator can make corrections to the specific conditions of the patient's eye at any time during treatment by dynamically adjusting the direction and intensity of the light beam, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of the operation. This technology can greatly reduce the risk of surgery and improve the success rate of surgery and the treatment experience of patients.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the beam expander is a device that can adjust and limit the diameter and shape of the 213 nanometer laser beam. The beam expander plays a role in focusing and controlling the laser beam, enabling it to accurately irradiate specific parts of the patient's eye, thereby achieving precise treatment effect.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present application, the beam expander can ensure the focusing degree and accuracy of the laser beam, improve the safety and precision of the operation, and limit the diameter of the laser beam within a small range, so that it can accurately concentrate on specific areas of the eye, while also maximizing the protection of surrounding tissues from unnecessary damage. By reasonably adjusting and using the beam expander, doctors can better control the intensity and focusing range of the laser, thereby effectively performing various ophthalmic surgical treatments.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present application, the expander can also help control the energy density of the laser, ensuring that the laser produces appropriate thermal effects in the ocular tissue to achieve the desired treatment effect.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the expander is usually composed of high-quality optical elements, which can maintain the quality and stability of the laser beam.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present application, the beam homogenizer can adjust the intensity distribution of the laser beam, so that it can uniformly cover the entire target area when processing the patient's ocular tissue. This can ensure that the patient receives uniform laser energy, improving the accuracy and safety of the operation. The beam homogenizer is usually made of special optical design and materials to ensure that the laser beam can be effectively homogenized when passing through the device. In addition, the beam homogenizer can also help adjust the diameter and shape of the laser beam to meet different surgical needs.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, in the application process of the multi-wavelength medical laser system, the doctor can cooperate with the eye tracking system, observe under the surgical microscope, and adjust the shape, position, focusing degree and intensity of the laser beam based on the mutual cooperation of the beam compensator, expander and beam homogenizer to adapt to the needs of the patient.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the 213 nanometer laser or deep ultraviolet laser generated by the 213 nanometer laser or deep ultraviolet nanometer laser can be adjusted based on the mutual cooperation of the beam compensator, expander and beam homogenizer to obtain a laser beam that adapts to the actual situation of the patient. The laser beam is transmitted through the first mirror, and then transmitted to the cornea of the eyeball through the X-Y scanning mirror and the focusing lens, thereby completing the corneal cutting.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, in the transmission process of the 213 nanometer laser beam, the related parameters of the X-Y scanning mirror and the focusing lens in the second laser transmission device can be fixed, and the related parameters of the beam compensator, mirror, expander and beam homogenizer in the first laser transmission device can be adjusted to make the shape, position, focusing degree and intensity of the 213 nanometer laser beam meet the actual needs.

[0059] The multi-wavelength medical laser system provided by the embodiments of the present application can reflect the laser generated by the femtosecond laser machine through the first mirror, and can also transmit the laser generated by the 213 nanometer or deep ultraviolet nanometer laser. By using one instrument, both 213 nanometer laser and femtosecond solid-state laser can be used for cutting treatment in the corneal intermediate layer, so that multiple instruments are not needed during treatment, and the patient does not need to be transferred, thereby simplifying the treatment process and improving the treatment efficiency.

[0060] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control method of the multi-wavelength medical laser system, specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: starting the femtosecond laser, adjusting the related parameters of the large numerical aperture focusing lens group and the X-Y scanning mirror and focusing lens in the second laser transmission device.

[0062] Step 2: controlling the adjusted femtosecond laser to emit laser, and cutting in the middle layer of the cornea.

[0063] Step 3: closing the femtosecond laser, starting the 213nm laser or deep ultraviolet nanometer laser, and adjusting the related parameters of the beam compensator, mirror, beam expander and beam homogenizer in the first laser transmission device.

[0064] Step 4: controlling the adjusted 213nm laser or deep ultraviolet nanometer laser to emit laser, and cutting the cornea.

[0065] The multi-wavelength medical laser system provided by the embodiment of the present application can reflect the laser generated by the femtosecond laser machine by the first mirror, and can also transmit the laser generated by the 213nm or deep ultraviolet nanometer laser, so that one instrument can realize both cutting the cornea by the 213nm laser and cutting in the middle layer of the cornea by the femtosecond solid laser, and the treatment process can be simplified and the treatment efficiency can be improved without using multiple instruments and transferring the patient.

[0066] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0067] The above description of aspects of the application is provided so that any person skilled in the art can make or use the application. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the application. Therefore, the application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is intended to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the application.

[0068] The above description has been given for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A multi-wavelength medical laser system, characterized by, The application relates to a laser positioning device, which comprises a femtosecond laser, a large digital aperture focusing lens group, a deep ultraviolet nanometer laser, a light beam compensator, a first laser transmission device, a first mirror, a second laser transmission device, an eye tracking system of a positioning laser device, and a surgical microscope, wherein the deep ultraviolet nanometer laser generates laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm, the femtosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm, the laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the first laser transmission device, and the laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is transmitted to the first mirror through the large digital aperture focusing lens group; the laser passing through the first mirror is transmitted to a target position through the second laser transmission device, the positioning laser device adjusts the position of the laser based on the eye tracking system and the surgical microscope; the laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm is used for cutting treatment of a cornea; and the laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm is used for cutting in a middle layer of an eye cornea.

2. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The deep ultraviolet nanometer laser generates laser with a wavelength of 213 nm, the femtosecond laser generates laser with a wavelength of 1053 nm, the first mirror reflects the 1053 nm laser and transmits the 213 nm laser in a first state, and the first mirror reflects the 213 nm laser and transmits the 1053 nm laser in a second state.

3. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The femtosecond laser is a high-repetition-frequency femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 800-1100 nm.

4. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The deep ultraviolet laser is a 213 nm pulse laser of Nd:YAG five times frequency conversion, and a solid laser is frequency-converted to generate deep ultraviolet pulse laser with a wavelength of 190-213 nm.

5. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The first laser transmission device comprises a light beam compensator, a reflector, a beam expander and a light beam homogenizer.

6. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The second laser transmission device comprises an X-Y scanning mirror and a focusing lens.

7. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 1, wherein, The femtosecond laser is a fiber laser with pulse energy of 1 muJ, pulse width of 300 fs, pulse frequency of less than 4 MHz and air cooling mode.

8. The multi-wavelength medical laser system of claim 4, wherein, The fiber laser generates laser with a spot diameter of 3 mu m, focusing energy of 150 nJ / pulse and focusing range of 300 mu m.

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