Lighting system protection apparatus and manufacturing method

Abstract

In particular, the invention relates to a biodegradable protection apparatus that provides protection against both moisture / water effects and high temperatures during use and mechanical effects such as impact, strike etc. in systems suitable for use in outdoor conditions such as outdoor lighting products, and a biodegradable protection apparatus that protects the environment and human health by not containing phosphorus and halogen compounds, and a protection apparatus manufacturing method for obtaining this apparatus.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] LIGHTING SYSTEM PROTECTION APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD

[0003] Technical Area

[0004] The invention relates to a protection apparatus and manufacturing method that provides resistance against heat, moisture / water and mechanical effects without harming the environment and human health.

[0005] In particular, the invention relates to a biodegradable protection apparatus that provides protection against both moisture / water effects and high temperatures during use and mechanical effects such as impact, strike etc. in systems suitable for use in outdoor conditions such as outdoor lighting products, and a biodegradable protection apparatus that protects the environment and human health by not containing phosphorus and halogen compounds, and a protection apparatus manufacturing method for obtaining this apparatus.

[0006] State of the Art

[0007] Thermoplastic materials such as polycarbonate (PC) and / or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) are generally used to increase the resistance to outdoor effects, especially in systems used in outdoor lighting products such as outdoor lighting products under outdoor conditions such as heat I temperature, ultraviolet (UV) light, rain, humidity, wind, impact. By doping these thermoplastics with red phosphorus or halogenated flame retardants, the combustion resistance of the material is increased and the spread of fire is prevented. However, the toxicity value of the phosphorus compounds used in the material is high and therefore the harm to the environment and humans is high. Similarly, halogenated retarders are also harmful to the environment and pose a danger to human and environmental health as they emit toxic gases and halogenated compounds into the environment during combustion.

[0008] In the patent document CN104371257A, which is in the state of the art, a multifunctional ABS composite material consisting of components in parts divided by weight is disclosed. The material contains 60 to 90 parts ABS resin, 10 parts ABS-g-MAH, 5 to 10 parts alkali-free chopped glass fibre, 0.5 to 1 ,0 parts ferroferric oxide, 2 to 3 parts composite carbon black, 0.5 to 0.8 parts lubricant, 5 to 10 parts phosphorus flame retardant, 5 to 10 parts nitrogen flame retardant, 0.5 to 1.0 parts silicone synergist, 2 to 3 parts antistatic agent and 0.5 to 1.0 parts antioxidant 1010. Phosphorus flame retardant and nitrogen flame retardant or phosphorus flame retardant and silicone synergist are used together to produce a synergistic effect to improve flame retardancy. It is also explained that ABS composite material has good mechanical property and good electromagnet shielding performance, offering advantages such as fast heat radiation, high electromagnet shielding efficiency, long-term antistatic effect, high mechanical strength and ease of flow processing. In the subject document, there is no mention of increasing the flame resistance and mechanical strength of the material without the use of phosphorus and halogen compounds and an apparatus obtained with a material with these properties.

[0009] Patent CN103102669B of the state of art discloses a thermally resistant, light smoke, halogen- free, flame-retardant PC (polycarbonate) / ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer) alloy material and a method of preparing the material. The alloy material consists of 60%-80% w / w PC resin, 5%-20% w / w ABS resin, 6%-15% w / w halogen-free flame retardant, 5%-15% w / w thermal resistance modifier, 0.1%-2% w / w inorganic complex smoke inhibitor, 0%-10% w / w flexibiliser and 1 %-5% w / w other processing agents. The mentioned thermal resistant, light smoke, halogen- free, flame-retardant PC / ABS alloy material is obtained by adopting PC and ABS resins as substrates and using the synergistic interaction of the thermal resistant modifier. The document mentions that halogen-free flame retardant and inorganic complex smoke inhibition agent and alloy materials have been widely applied to industries such as communication industries, automobile industries, building materials, decoration materials, cables and electrical appliance industries. In the subject document, there is no mention of increasing the flame resistance and mechanical strength of the material without the use of phosphorus and halogen compounds and an apparatus obtained with a material with these properties.

[0010] As a result, it relates to a biodegradable protection apparatus that provides protection against moisture I water effects, high temperatures during use and mechanical effects such as impact, strike, increasing the effectiveness of fire resistance without containing phosphorus and halogen compounds and protecting the environment and human health in systems suitable for use in outdoor conditions, and a protection apparatus manufacturing method for obtaining this apparatus. Purpose of the Invention

[0011] The present invention relates to a protective apparatus and a manufacturing method of the protective apparatus which fulfils the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates possible disadvantages and provides some additional advantages.

[0012] The main purpose of the protection apparatus and manufacturing method subject to the invention is to obtain a protection apparatus and manufacturing method that provides protection against moisture I water effects, high temperatures during use, combustion and mechanical effects such as impact or strike.

[0013] Another object of the invention is to provide an effective protection apparatus and manufacturing method, which increases the effectiveness of fire resistance without phosphorus and halogen compounds and at the same time protects the environment and human health.

[0014] Another aim of the invention is to obtain a safe protection apparatus and manufacturing method that is compatible with nature and biodegradable, which provides slowing down the combustion, reducing the formation of toxic gases on the basis of combustion.

[0015] A further object of the invention is to provide a functional protection apparatus and manufacturing method for reducing waste generation and increasing recycling.

[0016] Another object of the invention is to provide an effective protection apparatus and manufacturing method for increasing the resistance to ultraviolet (UV) rays and reducing the effects of discoloration and deterioration of the material structure in outdoor use.

[0017] Another object of the invention is to obtain an efficient protection apparatus and manufacturing method which is resistant to cracking, breaking and deterioration due to temperature change and which provides an extension of the service life.

[0018] A further object of the invention is to provide a protective apparatus and a manufacturing method for reducing weight and increasing flexibility.

[0019] In order to achieve the above objectives in the most general form, it includes at least one body that is suitable for use in at least one lighting system, provides protection against moisture / water effects, high temperatures and mechanical effects such as impact, strike, does not contain phosphorus and halogen compounds, provides protection against fire and reduction of toxic gas emission, protection apparatus, polylactic acid, silica, silicone oil, hemp fibre, flax fibre and silane, protection against physical effects, insulation and thermal resistance.

[0020] A method of manufacturing a protection apparatus improved by the present invention, enabling at least one protection apparatus to be obtained includes the steps of purification of flax and hemp fibres in purified water; preparation of sodium hydroxide solution; addition of flax and hemp fibres to the sodium hydroxide solution and boiling; drying of flax and hemp fibres; grinding of flax and hemp fibres to micro size and mixing with silane; mixing polylactic acid with silicon and silica and forming the mixture into a paste; extruding the mixture into granules by passing it through an extruder and mixing it by adding flax and hemp fibres; passing the mixture granules through an injection moulding machine and forming the body.

[0021] The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by means of the figures given below and the detailed description written by making references to these figures, and therefore, the evaluation should be made by considering these figures and detailed description.

[0022] Figures to Help Understand the Invention

[0023] To best understand the structure and advantages of the present invention, it should be evaluated together with the figures described below.

[0024] Figure 1 : Is a schematic view of the process steps of the manufacturing method of the protection apparatus subject to the invention.

[0025] Part References

[0026] 1 . Body

[0027] Process Step References

[0028] 100. Purifying the fibres

[0029] 101. Solution preparation

[0030] 102. Boiling fibres 103. Drying fibres

[0031] 104. Mixing fibres with silane

[0032] 105. Converting polylactic acid mixture into pulp

[0033] 106a. Converting the mixing pulp into granulate

[0034] 106b. Mixing fibres with granules

[0035] 107a. Injection

[0036] 107b. Giving body form

[0037] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0038] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the protection apparatus and the method of manufacturing the protection apparatus are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter and without any limiting effect.

[0039] It is comprised of at least one body (1) suitable for use in at least one lighting system, the exemplary appearance of which is given in Figure 1 , developed by the present invention, preferably suitable for use in outdoor conditions, a biodegradable protection apparatus that provides protection against moisture / water effects, high temperatures and mechanical effects such as impact, strike, does not contain phosphorus and halogen compounds, provides protection against fire and reduces the release of toxic gases by combustion, preferably having polylactic acid (PLA) with a doping ratio of 40-60% by volume, preferably silica with a doping ratio of 1-10% by volume, preferably silicone oil with a doping ratio of 1-30% by volume, preferably hemp fibre with a doping ratio of 1-30% by volume, preferably flax fibre with a doping ratio of 1-30% by volume, preferably OFS 6300 type silane, preferably titanate which provides white color and / or opacity and is doped with 1-10% by volume, preferably hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which is a compatibiliser and is doped with 1-10% by volume, suitable for connection to the lighting system, protection against physical influences, insulation and enhancement of thermal resistance.

[0040] In an exemplary embodiment of the protection apparatus of the present invention, the body (1) is connected to the system so as to cover the lighting system. PLA, which is in the body (1) structure and is biodegradable and has a lower toxicity value than other thermoplastics, forms the main matrix of the structure and provides protection. The silica in the body (1) increases the strength and improves thermal and chemical resistance. Silicone oil, which has a binding property, provides insulation and sealing and increases resistance to physical and chemical effects. Hemp, which is compatible with nature and biodegradable, increases the strength of the body (1) and provides lightness and flexibility. Flax, on the other hand, provides nature-compatible and biodegradable properties and contributes to increasing strength, flexibility, lightness and thermal resistance. Silane provides bonding and insulation as a binder. Thus, both the mechanical durability properties and flame resistance of the lighting system are increased, and the negative effects on the environment and human health in case of combustion and afterwards are reduced.

[0041] A manufacturing method of a protection apparatus developed with the present invention, which is suitable for connection to a system suitable for use in outdoor conditions, which is biodegradable, provides protection against moisture / water effects, high temperatures and mechanical effects such as impact, strike, which does not contain phosphorus and halogen compounds, which provides protection against fire and at least one protection apparatus that reduces the release of toxic gases is comprised of the steps of washing flax and hemp fibres in distilled water to remove undesirable substances (100); preparation of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, preferably 0.1 M, with boiled and then cooled distilled water (101); boiling the washed hemp and flax fibres at 20-60°C, preferably for 20-40 minutes, by adding the washed flax and hemp fibres into the sodium hydroxide solution prepared for cleaning the surfaces of washed hemp and flax fibres, changing the natural cellulose structure by depolymerisation by producing short length crystals and applying surface modification to the natural cellulose in the fibres (102); then drying the flax and hemp fibres preferably in an oven for 20-40 minutes at 30-50°C (103); grinding the dried flax and hemp fibres preferably to a micro size of 100-500 micrometers and mixing with silane preferably 80-120 milliliters (104) to increase the binding / retention and homogeneous dispersion properties and to prevent agglomeration; mixing granulated polylactic acid (PLA) with silicon and preferably 100-300 micrometer silica, preferably titanate and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and pulping the mixture (105); extruding the pulped mixture through an extruder to a granular form (106a) and mixing with milled micro-sized flax and hemp fibres (106b). In this way, homogeneous distribution of the fibres in the mixture, adhesion and clumping are prevented. Subsequently, it comprises the steps of passing the mixture granules through the injection machine (107a) and forming the body (1) suitable for connection to the system (107b).

[0042] Through the protection apparatus and manufacturing method developed with the present invention, protection against humidity / water effects, high temperatures and mechanical effects such as impact and strike is provided, especially in systems suitable for use in outdoor conditions such as outdoor lighting. Also, a biodegradable, safe, healthy and effective protection apparatus and a protection apparatus manufacturing method that enables the manufacturing of this apparatus, which increases the effectiveness of fire resistance, reduces toxic gas emission, protects the environment and human health without using any phosphorus and halogen compounds, is obtained.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A biodegradable protection apparatus which is suitable for use in at least one lighting system, provides protection against moisture I water effects, high temperatures, mechanical effects and provides protection against fire and reduction of combustion and toxic gas emission without comprising phosphorus and halogen compounds, comprising: at least one body (1) suitable for connection to the mentioned lighting system, provides protection against physical influences, insulation and increased thermal resistance, wherein the body (1) comprises polylactic acid (PLA), silica, silicone oil, hemp fibre, flax fibre and silane.

2. A protection apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the lighting system is suitable for use in outdoor conditions.

3. A protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein doping ratio of the polylactic acid is 40- 60% by volume.

4. A protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein doping ratio of the silica is 1-10% by volume.

5. A protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein doping ratio of the silicone oil is 1-30% by volume.

6. A protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein doping ratio of the hemp fibre is 1-30% by volume.

7. A protection apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein doping ratio of the flax fibre is 1-30% by volume.

8. A protection apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein type of the silane is OFS 6300.

9. A protection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the body (1) comprises titanate which provides a white color and / or opacity, with a doping rate of 1-10% by volume.

10. A protection apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the body (1) comprises hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is a compatibilizer, with a doping rate of 1-10% by volume.

11. A method of manufacturing a protection apparatus, wherein the protection apparatus is obtained according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of: washing flax and hemp fibres in pure water to remove undesirable substances (100); preparation of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with distilled water (101) which is boiled and then cooled; boiling washed hemp and flax fibres by adding washed flax and hemp fibres into the sodium hydroxide solution which is prepared for cleaning the surfaces of washed hemp and flax fibres and changing the natural cellulose structure by depolymerization by producing short length crystals and applying surface modification to the natural cellulose in the fibres (102); then drying of flax and hemp fibres (103); passing the dried flax and hemp fibres through a grinder, ground to micro sizes and mixed with silane (104) to increase the binding / retention and homogeneous dispersion properties and to prevent agglomeration; mixing granulated polylactic acid (PLA) with silicon and silica and pulping the mixture (105); extruding the paste mixture to make it into a granular form (106a) and mixing with the addition of milled micro-sized flax and hemp fibres (106b); passing the mixture granules through the injection machine (107a) and forming the body (1) suitable for connection to the system (107b).

12. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the sodium hydroxide solution is 0,1 M.

13. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the boiling process is carried out for 20-40 minutes at a temperature of 20-60°C.

14. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the drying process is carried out in an oven for 20-40 minutes at a temperature of 30-50°C.

15. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein values of the micro size are 100-500 micrometers.

16. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the amount of silane is 80-120 milliliters.

17. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the size of silica is 100-300 micrometers.

18. A protection apparatus manufacturing method according to claim 11 , wherein the process of mixing the polylactic acid comprises the further step of mixing titanate and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

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