Communication method, communication apparatus and communication system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and in particular to a communication method, a communication apparatus and a communication system. The method comprises: receiving a first signal within a first time unit; and sending a second signal to a first node within a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation mode of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation, and thus the problem of uplink and downlink conflicts when a half-duplex terminal is used as a sending device can be solved.

Description

A communication method, communication device and communication system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411033055.2, filed on July 29, 2024, with the Chinese National Intellectual Property Administration, entitled “A Communication Method, Communication Device and Communication System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method, communication device, and communication system. Background Technology

[0003] Backscatter communication is a low-power, low-cost passive radio frequency identification (RFID) technology suitable for scenarios with high power consumption requirements, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). Backscatter communication technology can include three nodes: a transmitting device, a tag device, and a receiving device. When backscatter communication technology is applied to mobile communication systems (such as 5G systems), the transmitting device can be a terminal device, and the receiving device can be a base station; alternatively, both the transmitting and receiving devices can be base stations.

[0004] To meet the needs of certain IoT use cases, such as industrial wireless sensor networks, smart cities, and wearable devices, the aforementioned transmitting devices can be low-complexity, low-cost terminal devices. These terminal devices reduce complexity and cost by lowering bandwidth, reducing the number of transceiver antennas, and reducing terminal processing power. The aforementioned terminal devices support both half-duplex (HD) frequency division duplex (FDD) and full-duplex (FD) FDD. For HD FDD transmitting devices, uplink and downlink conflicts may occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, communication device, and communication system that can solve the uplink and downlink conflict problem when a half-duplex terminal is used as a transmitting device.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method, which is applied to a first terminal and may also be applied to components within the first terminal, such as a chip or processor. The method includes: receiving a first signal in a first time unit; and sending a second signal to a first node in a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation.

[0007] This embodiment provides a communication method that explicitly receives a first signal in a first time unit and transmits a second signal in a second time unit, ensuring a sufficient time interval (greater than or equal to a first threshold) between the two time units, effectively avoiding mutual interference between signals. This embodiment not only improves communication reliability but also reduces the possibility of signal collisions through reasonable timing planning, avoiding uplink and downlink conflicts when a half-duplex terminal acts as a transmitting device, thereby improving the overall performance of the communication system. Simultaneously, the use of low-power modulation further reduces energy consumption during communication, allowing for further reduction in the cost of terminal equipment, which is of great significance for improving the energy efficiency ratio of wireless communication systems.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0009] This implementation method allows the communication method to flexibly adapt to the time interval requirements of different scenarios by setting a first threshold. Specifically, the first threshold can be a preset value or it can be determined based on the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal. The preset value provides a fixed time interval guarantee, ensuring the stability of signal processing. In different scenarios, the preset value may be different. For example, when the first node includes a half-duplex terminal, the preset value can be the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal. Setting the first threshold based on the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal can meet the signal transmission and reception requirements of the half-duplex terminal, reduce signal interference caused by transmit / receive switching, and improve communication efficiency and reliability.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or the first time unit includes the end time of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

[0011] In this embodiment, the first time unit can be a symbol, a time slot, or a subframe. Taking a time slot as an example, the first time unit includes one or more time slots. If there are multiple time slots, the last time slot among these multiple time slots can be the end time of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or it can be the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. It is understood that the last rising or falling edge here refers to the last level change of the last bit. Furthermore, the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is later than the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, and the method further includes:

[0014] Receive first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a first time offset value;

[0015] The second time unit is determined based on the first indication information and the first time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0016] Optionally, the first node can be the sender of the first indication information mentioned above. For example, the first node includes a second terminal, which can be either the receiver of the second signal or the sender of the first indication information. Optionally, the first node also includes a network device, where the first indication information can originate from the network device. The second terminal receives the first indication information from the network device and forwards it to the first terminal. The statement that the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset is merely an example. It can also be replaced by the statement that the difference between the sum of the end time of the first time unit and the first time offset, and the start time of the second time unit, is greater than or equal to the first threshold. It should be understood that the sum of the end time of the first time unit and the first time offset can represent a time scale that postpones the end time of the first time unit by the first time offset. Correspondingly, the time interval between the end time of the first time unit postponed by the first time offset and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold. Optionally, the aforementioned time offset value is used to characterize the degree of offset in the end time of receiving the first signal.

[0017] This embodiment introduces a first time offset value and determines a second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit, so that the first terminal does not need to determine the type of the first node, but can determine the signal transmission and reception delay based on the first time offset value, that is, determine the second time unit for the second signal transmission, thereby further optimizing the reliability and efficiency of communication.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0019] Receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex;

[0020] The first time unit and the second time unit are determined according to the second indication information. The first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located. The second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal. The absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0021] Optionally, the first node may be the sender of the second indication information mentioned above. For example, the first node includes a second terminal, which may be the sender of the first indication information. Optionally, the first node may also include a network device, and the second indication information may originate from the network device. The second terminal receives the second indication information from the network device and forwards the second indication information to the first terminal.

[0022] This embodiment determines the duplex type of the first node by receiving second indication information and adjusts the first and second time units accordingly to achieve the time interval between receiving the first signal and transmitting the second signal. Specifically, when the first node is in half-duplex mode, the time interval is set to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, such as the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal, effectively avoiding signal conflicts or interference caused by transmit / receive switching. This dynamic adjustment strategy not only improves the adaptability of communication but also significantly enhances its stability and reliability.

[0023] In one optional implementation, determining the second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit includes:

[0024] Receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex;

[0025] The second time unit is determined based on the first indication information and the second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half duplex, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0026] This method not only takes into account the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal, but also further refines the adjustment of the time interval by introducing a first time offset value, making the signal transmission and reception of the first terminal more flexible and accurate.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, the low-power modulation includes on-off keying (OOK), frequency shift keying (FSK), or binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0028] Optionally, the low-power modulation may also include Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), Minimum Shift Keying (MSK), or similar modulation techniques, which are not limited herein.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a communication method, applicable to a first node, and also applicable to components within the first node, such as chips or processors, the method comprising:

[0030] The first signal is sent to the first terminal in the first time unit;

[0031] A second signal is received in a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation.

[0032] Optionally, the first node includes a second terminal, which can be the sender of the first signal and the receiver of the second signal.

[0033] The method of this application embodiment achieves effective separation of signal transmission and reception in time by sending a first signal to a first terminal in a first time unit and receiving a second signal in a second time unit. Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is set to be greater than or equal to a first threshold. This design ensures sufficient time interval between signal transmission and reception, thereby avoiding the possibility of interference and conflict between signals and improving communication efficiency and flexibility. Furthermore, the method of this application embodiment allows the first signal and / or the second signal to use low-power modulation, which is significant for extending device lifespan and reducing energy consumption. Especially in resource-constrained or long-term operation communication scenarios, the application of low-power modulation can significantly improve the overall energy efficiency of the system, allowing for further reduction in the cost of terminal devices.

[0034] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0035] In one alternative implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or the first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal occurs.

[0036] In one optional implementation, the first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol where the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0037] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0038] Send a first indication message to the first terminal; wherein the first indication message is used to indicate a first time offset value, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0039] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0040] Send a second indication message to the first terminal, wherein the second indication message is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0041] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0042] Send a second indication message to the first terminal, wherein the second indication message is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex.

[0043] In one alternative implementation, the low-power modulation includes on-off keying (OOK), frequency modulation keying (FSK), or binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0044] Thirdly, this application provides a communication method, applicable to a first node, and also applicable to components within the first node, such as chips or processors, the method comprising:

[0045] The third signal is received in the third time unit;

[0046] A fourth signal is sent to the first terminal in the fourth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low-power modulation.

[0047] The method provided in this application effectively avoids the possibility of signal collisions and interference by controlling the absolute value of the time difference between receiving the third signal in the third time unit and transmitting the fourth signal in the fourth time unit to be greater than or equal to a first threshold, thereby improving the stability and reliability of communication. Simultaneously, the use of low-power modulation reduces the energy consumption of the nodes.

[0048] Fourthly, this application provides a communication method, which is applied to a first terminal, and can also be applied to components within the first terminal, such as chips or processors, the method comprising:

[0049] In the third time unit, a third signal is sent to the first node;

[0050] The fourth signal from the first node is not expected to be received in the fifth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fifth time unit is equal to the first threshold, and the modulation method of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low power modulation.

[0051] The method provided in this application embodiment effectively reduces the energy consumption of the first terminal during unnecessary reception periods by not expecting to receive the fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit and by combining it with a low-power modulation method, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the terminal.

[0052] In one optional implementation of the third or fourth aspect, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0053] In an alternative implementation of the third or fourth aspect, the third time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the third signal.

[0054] In an alternative implementation of the third or fourth aspect, the fifth time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the fourth signal.

[0055] Fifthly, this application provides a communication method, which is applied to a second terminal, or may be applied to components within the second terminal, such as chips or processors, and the method includes:

[0056] It was determined that there was a conflict between the relevant signals from the network device and the relevant signals from the first terminal;

[0057] Perform the target operation, which includes receiving the target signal from the relevant signals of the first terminal, sending the relevant signals of the first terminal, or receiving the target signal from the relevant signals of the network device.

[0058] Optionally, the second terminal is an intermediate node between the network device and the first terminal, meaning the second terminal communicates with the first terminal through resources dynamically allocated or pre-configured by the network device. Optionally, the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal.

[0059] Based on this solution, when a conflict arises between the relevant signals from the network device and the relevant signals from the first terminal, the second terminal can choose to send / receive signals from one side. This conflict can be understood as a conflict in the time or frequency domain of the signals. For example, the relevant signals from the network device may require transmission on certain symbols, while the relevant signals from the first terminal may require reception on repeated or partially repeated symbols, indicating a conflict. In existing technical solutions, if the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal, the conflict is primarily addressed on one side. For instance, there may be uplink / downlink conflicts between the second terminal and the network device, and also between the second terminal and the first terminal. However, this solution resolves the uplink / downlink conflicts between the network device and the first terminal on the second terminal's side. It effectively avoids conflicts between the second terminal receiving signals from the network device and signals being sent to the first terminal, as well as conflicts between the second terminal receiving signals from the first terminal and signals being sent to the network device.

[0060] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0061] Receive third indication information, the third indication information being used to instruct a first symbol to send a relevant signal of the first terminal, the first symbol being configured to receive relevant signals from the network device other than the target signal, the target operation including sending the relevant signal of the first terminal.

[0062] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0063] The system receives a fourth indication information, which indicates that a target signal exists in the relevant signals of the network device within the bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol. The second symbol overlaps with the third symbol, and the third symbol is configured to transmit the relevant signals of the first terminal. The target operation includes receiving the target signal in the relevant signals of the network device.

[0064] In an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0065] A fifth instruction is received, which is used to indicate that a related signal of the first terminal is received at a fourth symbol. The fourth symbol is configured to send related signals of the network device other than the target signal. The target operation includes receiving the related signal of the first terminal.

[0066] In one optional implementation, the target signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the related signal of the first terminal includes a first signal or a second signal. The first signal includes a signal sent from the second terminal to the first terminal, and the second signal includes a signal sent from the first terminal to the second terminal.

[0067] Sixthly, a communication device is provided for implementing various methods. This communication device can be a first terminal as described in the first or fourth aspect, or a device included in the first terminal, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device can be a first node as described in the second or third aspect, or a device included in the first node, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device can be a second terminal as described in the fifth aspect, or a device included in the second terminal, such as a chip or chip system. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the implementation of the methods, which can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.

[0068] In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. The processing module can be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module may include a receiving module and a transmitting module, respectively used to implement the receiving function and the transmitting function in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.

[0069] In some possible designs, the transceiver module can consist of transceiver circuits, transceivers, transceivers, or communication interfaces.

[0070] A seventh aspect provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory being used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the method described in any aspect. The communication device may be a first terminal as described in the first or fourth aspect, or a device included in a first terminal, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a first node as described in the second or third aspect, or a device included in a first node, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a second terminal as described in the fifth aspect, or a device included in a second terminal, such as a chip or chip system.

[0071] Eighthly, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface being used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor being used to execute a computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method described in any of the aspects. The communication device may be a first terminal as described in the first or fourth aspect, or a device included in a first terminal, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a first node as described in the second or third aspect, or a device included in a first node, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a second terminal as described in the fifth aspect, or a device included in a second terminal, such as a chip or chip system.

[0072] A ninth aspect provides a communication device comprising: at least one processor; the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to cause the communication device to perform the methods described in any aspect. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor. The communication device may be a first terminal as described in the first or fourth aspect, or a device included in a first terminal, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a first node as described in the second or third aspect, or a device included in a first node, such as a chip or chip system; or, the communication device may be a second terminal as described in the fifth aspect, or a device included in a second terminal, such as a chip or chip system.

[0073] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, enable the communication device to perform the method described in any aspect.

[0074] In an eleventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a communication device, enables the communication device to perform the method described in any one aspect.

[0075] In a twelfth aspect, a communication device (e.g., a chip or chip system) is provided, the communication device including a processor for implementing the functions involved in any aspect.

[0076] In some possible designs, the communication device includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.

[0077] In some possible designs, when the device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or contain chips and other discrete components.

[0078] In a thirteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, the communication system comprising at least a first terminal and a first node, the first node comprising a second terminal, the second terminal being a half-duplex terminal, the first terminal being configured to implement a real-time method as described in the first aspect or any embodiment of the first aspect, or to implement a method as described in the fourth aspect or any embodiment of the fourth aspect, the first node being configured to implement a method as described in the second aspect or any embodiment of the second aspect, or to implement a method as described in the third aspect or any embodiment of the third aspect.

[0079] In a fourteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, the communication system comprising a first terminal, a second terminal, and a network device, the second terminal being configured to implement the method as described in the fifth aspect or any embodiment of the fifth aspect, the second terminal being a half-duplex terminal.

[0080] It is understandable that when the communication device provided in any of the six to fourteenth aspects is a chip, the transmitting action / function of the communication device can be understood as outputting information, and the receiving action / function of the communication device can be understood as inputting information.

[0081] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects six through fourteen can be found in the technical effects of different design methods in aspects one, two, three, four, or five, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0082] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0083] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the data format of an R2D signal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a D2R signal data format provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0086] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the timing relationship between R2D and D2R provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another R2D to D2R timing relationship provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0088] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a time offset value provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another D2R to R2D timing relationship provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0091] Figure 10 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application;

[0093] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0094] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0095] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0096] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0098] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0099] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0100] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. Different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The following descriptions of the embodiments of this application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0101] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, a brief introduction to the relevant technologies of this application is given below.

[0102] 1. Half-duplex (HD) mode:

[0103] A mobile communication system using half-duplex mode allows bidirectional data transmission between two communication devices, but receiving and sending cannot occur simultaneously.

[0104] Furthermore, half-duplex can be divided into HD-Time Division Duplexing (TDD) and HD-Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD). In HD-TDD mode, the receiving and transmitting of a communication device occur at different times on the same frequency domain resource, or at different times on different frequency domain resources. In HD-FDD mode, the receiving and transmitting of a communication device occur at different times on different frequency domain resources.

[0105] 2. RFID:

[0106] RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology. RFID systems typically consist of a reader and a tag.

[0107] Tags are RFID tags. They can be categorized into passive tags, semi-active tags, and active tags. For passive tags, the power for operation is provided by the reader. For example, part of the energy from the continuous wave (CW) transmitted by the reader is used for internal processing such as encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. Furthermore, this continuous wave also serves as a carrier wave to carry the tag's uplink information. For semi-passive tags, they may include a battery, and internal processing such as encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation can be powered by the battery, but still require the reader's continuous wave as a carrier wave. Unless otherwise specified, the tags in the following embodiments of this application refer to passive or semi-active tags. The tags in the embodiments of this application can be Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) devices or AIoT terminals.

[0108] A reader / writer is a device with read and write capabilities; for example, it can be a device that reads or writes tag information. Alternatively, a reader / writer can be understood as a device that communicates with tags.

[0109] In this embodiment of the application, the aforementioned tag may be an Ambient IoT device (AIoT device).

[0110] Compared to existing NR terminal devices (e.g., NR terminals for R15, R16, and R17), AIoT devices have at least one of the following characteristics:

[0111] 1) Maximum Bandwidth: The maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device can be less than 100MHz in R15 and R16. The maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device can also be less than 20MHz of the reduced capability (RedCap) in R17. For example, the maximum bandwidth of an AIoT device is 1 resource block (RB), 1.44MHz, 1.5MHz, 2.88MHz, 3MHz, etc.

[0112] 2) Number of antennas supported: one transmit and one receive, or one transmit and two receive.

[0113] 3) The uplink / device-reader transmission channel is not aligned with the start and / or boundary of the NR's time slots, frames, symbols, etc.

[0114] 4) Uplink / device-reader transmission uses a single-carrier waveform.

[0115] 5) The downlink / reader-device transmission channel is not aligned with the start and / or end boundaries of the NR time slots, frames, etc.; the downlink / reader-device transmission channel is aligned with the start and / or end boundaries of the NR orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols.

[0116] 6) Downlink / reader-device transmission uses OFDM waveform.

[0117] 7) Supported modulation methods include at least one of binary on-off keying (OOK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), and minimum shift keying (MSK). FSK can also be called binary frequency-shift keying (BFSK or 2FSK) or OOK-FSK.

[0118] 8) Uplink / device-reader transmission uses a single-carrier waveform or a single-carrier baseband waveform.

[0119] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application will be described in detail first using the communication system shown in FIG1 as an example. FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG1, the communication system includes a first terminal and a first node. The first terminal may be the aforementioned AIoT device.

[0120] The first node may include a second terminal, which may be a half-duplex terminal. The second terminal communicates with the first terminal through resources dynamically allocated or pre-configured by network devices. Optionally, the first and second terminals may communicate directly. For example, device-to-device (D2D) technology can be used to achieve direct communication between terminal devices. It should be understood that, in conjunction with RFID technology, the first terminal may be a tag, and the second terminal may be a reader / writer.

[0121] The terminal equipment in this application may also be referred to as a terminal, access terminal, user equipment, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. The terminals in the embodiments of this application may be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) terminals, augmented reality (AR) terminals, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical care, wireless terminals in smart grids, wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminals in 5G networks, or terminals in future evolved networks, etc.

[0122] Wearable devices, also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. Wearable devices are portable devices worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices; they achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly defined, wearable smart devices include those with comprehensive functions, large sizes, and the ability to perform complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses. They also include devices focused on a specific application function that require the use of other devices, such as smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0123] In one optional implementation, the first node further includes a network device; alternatively, the communication system further includes a network device. That is, the communication system may include a first terminal, a second terminal, and a network device. The network device and the first terminal can indirectly send data, channels, or signals to each other through the second terminal. Specifically, the network device and the second terminal can be connected via a Uu port, and the second terminal and the first terminal can be connected via an SL communication link to achieve direct communication.

[0124] In one optional implementation, the first terminal may specifically be a user-side entity used to receive or reflect signals, for sending uplink signals to the network device or the second terminal, or receiving downlink signals from the network device or the second terminal; for example, the first terminal may include sensors such as smart speakers, train detectors, gas stations, and inventory tags, whose main functions include collecting data, receiving control information and downlink data from the network device or the terminal device, and transmitting uplink data to the network device or the terminal device.

[0125] Furthermore, the second terminal can specifically be an entity on the user side used to receive or actively transmit signals, used to send uplink signals to network devices or receive downlink signals from network devices; mainly including mobile phones, vehicles, tablets, etc., whose main functions include receiving uplink data from the first terminal and transmitting control information and downlink data to the first terminal.

[0126] In this embodiment, the direction of the signals / channels transmitted between the first terminal and the second terminal is the uplink direction, and the direction of the signals / channels transmitted from the second terminal to the first terminal is the downlink direction. Accordingly, the uplink channel can be called PDRCH, and the downlink channel can be called PRDCH.

[0127] In this embodiment of the application, the network device can provide communication coverage for a specific geographical area and can communicate with terminal devices located within the coverage area.

[0128] The network device in this application can also be called a radio access network (RAN) device, which manages radio resources. Its main functions are to provide radio access services, allocate radio resources to accessing terminal devices, provide reliable radio transmission protocols and data encryption protocols, and forward terminal device data between the terminal device and the core network.

[0129] For example, the network device in this application embodiment can be any kind of communication device with wireless transceiver function for communicating with user equipment, and can be a network device deployed on a satellite or a network device deployed on the ground. The network equipment includes, but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home evolved node B (HeNB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP), or transmission and reception point (TRP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system. It can also be a gNB in ​​a 5G system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (DU).

[0130] In some deployments, a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a dedicated unit (DU). The gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some of the gNB's functions, and the DU implements others. For example, the CU handles non-real-time protocols and services, implementing radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer functions. The DU handles physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layer functions. The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and active antenna-related functions. RRC layer information is generated by the CU and is ultimately encapsulated by the DU's PHY layer to become PHY layer information, or it may be derived from PHY layer information. Therefore, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can be considered as being sent by the DU, or by the DU+AAU. It is understood that network devices can be one or more of the following: CU nodes, DU nodes, and AAU nodes. Furthermore, a CU can be classified as a network device in the access network or as a network device in the core network (CN); this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0131] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can also be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) system, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), LTE system, LTE Advanced (LTE-A) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5G system or future evolved communication systems, and vehicle-to-X (V2X) communication, where V2X can include vehicle-to-network (V2N), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication. Vehicle-to-everything (V2P) communication, long-term evolution technology for vehicle-to-everything (LTE-V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), long-term evolution technology for machine-to-machine (LTE-M), machine-to-machine (M2M), etc.

[0132] Any of the above-described communication systems (including the communication system shown in Figure 1) may include more or fewer network devices, or more terminal devices. This application does not limit this.

[0133] Based on the communication system described above, if the second terminal, which serves as an intermediate node, is a half-duplex terminal, then the second terminal and the first terminal may experience uplink and downlink conflicts.

[0134] Based on this, this application provides a communication method. Please refer to Figure 2, which is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided by this application. The method shown in Figure 2 may include steps S201 to S202. This solution can be applied to any communication system shown in Figure 1. For example, this application applies this method to the communication system in Figure 1 that includes a second terminal and a first terminal, where the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. It should be understood that in this communication system, the second terminal can be a first node, and the first node can also be a second terminal; the two can be interchanged.

[0135] It should be understood that Figure 2 illustrates the steps or operations of the communication method, but these steps or operations are only examples. Other operations or variations of the operations in Figure 2 can also be performed in the embodiments of this application, or reasonable substitutions can be made between the steps.

[0136] Step S201: The second terminal sends a first signal to the first terminal in the first time unit.

[0137] Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the first signal in the first time unit. It should be understood that in practical applications, the above-mentioned sending and receiving actions can be the same step, that is, the process of sending the first signal is the process of receiving the first signal. Of course, in possible implementations, the above-mentioned sending and receiving actions can also be different steps, and this application does not limit this.

[0138] Here, the first time unit can be a symbol, a time slot, or a subframe. Taking a symbol as an example, the first time unit includes one or more symbols. Optionally, the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

[0139] In one optional implementation, the end time of the first time unit is the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. For example, the end time of the first time unit is the right boundary of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal.

[0140] In an optional implementation, the first time unit further includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. It should be understood that the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is earlier than the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

[0141] In another alternative implementation, the end time of the first time unit is the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal included in the first time unit.

[0142] It should be understood that the end time of the first time unit mentioned above represents the time point at which the first signal stops being transmitted. Correspondingly, there is also the start time of the first time unit, which represents the time point at which the first signal starts being transmitted.

[0143] It should be noted that the last bit can refer to the last data bit of the first signal, and the last rising edge or falling edge can refer to the last level change of the corresponding data bit. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0144] Furthermore, if the first terminal and the second terminal utilize RFID-related technologies, in the corresponding implementation, the first terminal can be a tag, and the second terminal can be a reader / writer. Accordingly, the first signal can be a reader-to-device (R2D) signal, where R2D refers to the signal sent by the reader to the tag. In this embodiment, R2D can be used to refer to the signal sent by the second terminal to the first terminal.

[0145] Specifically, the data transmission format for reader-to-device (R2D) transmission may be as shown in Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the data format of an R2D signal provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, an R2D transmission includes three parts: a preamble, the physical channel carrying the data (such as the physical reader-to-device channel (PRDCH) or the ambient physical downlink shared channel (APDSCH), and a post-synchronization signal. Optionally, the PRDCH may also contain physical layer control information (CI) used to send the scheduling information or grant information of the corresponding PDRCH.

[0146] Accordingly, the data transmission format for tag-to-reader (D2R) communication may be as shown in Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of a D2R signal data format provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, a single D2R transmission includes three parts: a preamble signal, the physical channel carrying the data (such as the physical device to reader channel (PDRCH) or the ambient physical uplink shared channel (APUSCH), and a post-synchronization signal.

[0147] In one alternative implementation, the specific content of the first information is not limited; the first information can be any information sent by the network device to the first terminal device. For example, the first signal can be a preamble signal, a synchronization signal, downlink control information, a physical downlink shared channel, a reference signal, a synchronization signal, or a broadcast signal, or other signals.

[0148] The aforementioned reference signal can be one or more of the following reference signals in the NR system: non-zero power channel state information reference signal, demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), phase-tracking reference signal (PTRS) of PDSCH, demodulation reference signal of physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), phase-tracking reference signal of PDCCH, demodulation reference signal of physical broadcast channel (PBCH), remote interference management reference signal (RIM-RS), and positioning reference signal.

[0149] The aforementioned reference signal may be one or more of the following reference signals in the LTE system: non-zero power channel state information reference signal, cell-specific reference signal (CRS), multimedia broadcast multicast service single frequency network (MBSFN) reference signal, user equipment specific reference signal, enhanced PDCCH (EPDCCH), demodulation reference signal associated with machine type communication PDCCH (MPDCCH) or short PDCCH (SPDCCH), demodulation reference signal of PBCH, location reference signal, and machine type communication wake-up signal (MWUS).

[0150] The aforementioned reference signal can be one or more of the following reference signals in the NB-IoT system: narrowband reference signal (NRS), narrowband positioning reference signal (NPRS), and narrowband wake-up signal.

[0151] It should be understood that the first time unit in this step includes a start time and an end time. The start time in this step can represent the time when the first terminal begins to receive the first signal, and the end time in this step can represent the time when the first terminal stops receiving the first signal.

[0152] Step S202: The second terminal receives the second signal from the first terminal in the second time unit.

[0153] Correspondingly, the first terminal sends a second signal to the second terminal in the second time unit.

[0154] It should be understood that this embodiment is described with the interaction between the second terminal and the first terminal. In other embodiments, the device that sends the first signal and receives the second signal can be other devices, such as network devices. Furthermore, in practical applications, the sending and receiving actions described above can be the same step; that is, the process of sending the second signal is the process of receiving the second signal. Of course, in possible implementations, the sending and receiving actions described above can also be different steps. This application does not limit this.

[0155] Wherein, the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation.

[0156] To prevent uplink and downlink conflicts during the interaction of the second terminal (a half-duplex terminal), in one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching latency of the half-duplex terminal. The preset value can be protocol-defined, a default value, or a value pre-set by technicians at the time of terminal delivery. It should be understood that the preset value may differ in different scenarios. For example, when there is a half-duplex intermediate node between the first terminal and the network device, the preset value can be equal to the transmit / receive switching latency of the half-duplex terminal. By controlling the time interval between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit to be greater than or equal to the first threshold, the second terminal can resolve uplink and downlink conflicts when interacting with the first terminal.

[0157] In one optional implementation, the preset value is greater than or equal to the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal.

[0158] In one optional implementation, the start position of the second signal transmission can be greater than or equal to the sum of the end time of the first time unit and the first threshold. Please refer to Figure 5 for details. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the timing relationship between R2D and D2R provided in an embodiment of this application. In Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b), R2D is the first signal, and D2R is the second signal. There is a certain time interval between R2D and D2R. In the prior art, this time interval is significantly shorter than the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal. Therefore, when the intermediate node is a half-duplex terminal, uplink and downlink conflicts may occur. In Figure 5, this time interval is greater than or equal to the first threshold. It should be understood that this time interval can specifically be greater than or equal to the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0159] In Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the right boundary of the first time unit is the end time of the first time unit. Specifically, this end time can be the right boundary of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the R2D. The second time unit for transmitting D2R includes a start time, which can be the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the D2R. The aforementioned time interval can be referred to as T. R2D .

[0160] If the end time of the first time unit is the right boundary of the OFDM symbol where the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of R2D is located, in Figure 5(a), the end time of the first time unit is aligned with the transmission end time of the R2D signal (first signal). This means that the right boundary of the OFDM symbol is consistent with the end time of the R2D signal.

[0161] In Figure 5(b), the end time of the first time unit is not aligned with the transmission end time of the R2D signal (first signal). This means that the right boundary of the OFDM symbol is inconsistent with the end time of the R2D signal. Optionally, the right boundary of the OFDM symbol corresponding to the end time of the first time unit may exceed or may not exceed the transmission end time of the R2D signal (first signal). This application does not impose any restrictions on this, but the transmission / reception of the R2D signal (first signal) uses the first time unit as the standard for the start and end of transmission and reception.

[0162] It should be understood that the time intervals in Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b) refer to the time interval between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit.

[0163] In one optional implementation, the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit satisfy the following formula: T R2D ≥N Tx-Rx *T c ;

[0164] Among them, T R2D_min1 N is the minimum absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit. Tx-Rx For the existing transmit / receive switching latency of half-duplex terminals, T c Based on the time parameter.

[0165] T R2D_min1 It can also be defined as the minimum time interval between the end position of R2D transmission and the start position of D2R transmission. The end position of R2D transmission can be the right boundary of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of R2D, and the start position of D2R transmission can be the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of D2R. It should be understood that the above time interval T... R2D Greater than or equal to T R2D_min1 Optional, T R2D The value is less than or equal to a preset second threshold, which is the maximum time interval between the two signals.

[0166] It should be understood that the timing relationship shown in Figure 5 applies to the scenario where the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. Correspondingly, in the scenario where the second terminal is a full-duplex terminal, the timing relationship from R2D to D2R can be changed or not, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0167] To facilitate understanding of the R2D to D2R timing relationship in a scenario where the second terminal is a full-duplex terminal, please also refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of another R2D to D2R timing relationship provided in an embodiment of this application. In Figure 6, T R2D_min2 This can be defined as the minimum duration between the end position of R2D transmission (the end time of the first time unit) and the start position of D2R transmission (the start time of the second time unit) in this scenario. The end position of R2D transmission can be the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of R2D, and the start position of D2R transmission can be the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of D2R. Furthermore, in this scenario, T... R2D ≥T R2D_min2 .

[0168] It should be understood that the end position of the R2D transmission mentioned above can be the end time of the first time unit in the time domain, and the start position of the D2R transmission mentioned above can be the start time of the second time unit in the time domain. Of course, the first time unit and the second time unit here are a possible application in the scenario where the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. In the scenario where the second terminal is a full-duplex terminal, the first time unit and the second time unit may change to the third time unit or the fourth time unit, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions here.

[0169] In one optional implementation, the second time unit is determined by indication information carrying a time offset value, and the specific process is as follows:

[0170] First, the first terminal receives the first instruction information.

[0171] The first indication information can be used to indicate a first time offset value; optionally, the first indication information includes a specific value of the first time offset value, which is greater than or equal to 0; for example, the first indication information can come from a second terminal or from a network device; if it comes from a second terminal, then the second terminal sends the first indication information to the first terminal; if it comes from a network device, then the network device sends the first indication information to the second terminal, and the second terminal forwards / transmits the first indication information to the first terminal.

[0172] It should be understood that after receiving the first indication information, the first terminal can determine the time domain, i.e. the second time unit, for sending the second signal next based on the first indication information.

[0173] In one optional implementation, the first terminal can determine the second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit. The first time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. The absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value. Based on the first time unit and the requirement of the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit, the start time of the second time unit can be determined, thereby determining the second time unit. Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of a time offset value provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, after the first time unit ends, the start time of the second time unit is delayed by a time scale equal to the first time offset value, and then delayed by at least a time scale equal to the first threshold value.

[0174] For example, the end time of the first time unit is the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. Correspondingly, the first time offset value can be the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the OFDM symbol where the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located and the time point where the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

[0175] In another optional implementation, in addition to the first indication information described above, the first terminal may also receive second indication information. This second indication information indicates the duplex type of the first node (second terminal). Therefore, the first terminal can determine a second time unit based on the first and second indication information. It should be understood that the first terminal specifically determines the second time unit based on the first indication information, the second indication information, and the first time unit. Optionally, the second indication information may originate from the second terminal or from a network device. If it originates from the second terminal, then the second terminal sends the second indication information to the first terminal. If it originates from a network device, then the network device sends the second indication information to the second terminal, and the second terminal forwards / transmits the second indication information to the first terminal.

[0176] In one alternative implementation, the first terminal can be enabled to determine the first and second time units for transmitting and receiving the first / second signal simply by indicating the duplex type of the second terminal, especially in scenarios where the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. The specific process is as follows:

[0177] First, the first terminal receives the second indication information, which is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex. It should be understood that the second indication information may come from the second terminal or from the network device. Accordingly, there are related actions to send the second indication information, which will not be described here.

[0178] Secondly, the first terminal determines the first time unit and the second time unit according to the second instruction information, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0179] Optionally, the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0180] It should be understood that the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal in the first time unit is the actual end position of the first signal transmission. If the first terminal stops receiving the first signal at other locations, the transmission of the first signal at the second terminal is not actually finished. Therefore, even if the first terminal transmits the second signal after a first threshold interval, uplink and downlink conflicts may still occur at the second terminal. Therefore, after receiving the second indication information, the first terminal can set the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal in the first time unit. For example, the end time of the first time unit can be set to the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal. The first terminal can set the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal in the second time unit. For example, the first terminal can set the start time of the second time unit to the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0181] It should be understood that, in addition to the first and second indication information mentioned above, the first terminal may also receive other indication information, such as indication information that directly indicates the time unit corresponding to the first and second signals, indication information that it is necessary to meet the half-duplex transmit and receive delay constraints, or indication information that indicates the duplex type of the third terminal is full-duplex. The third terminal is an intermediate node other than the second terminal between the first terminal and the network device. The time unit for the first terminal to transmit and receive signals to the third terminal can be determined according to the duplex type of the third terminal.

[0182] The process of determining the time unit (including the first time unit or the second time unit) may occur before or after step S201 shown in Figure 2. This application does not limit the time of occurrence of the process of determining the time unit for receiving instruction information.

[0183] It should be noted that the statement above, that the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset, is merely an example. It can also be replaced by stating that the difference between the sum of the end time of the first time unit and the first time offset, and the start time of the second time unit, is greater than or equal to the first threshold. It should be understood that the sum of the end time of the first time unit and the first time offset represents a time scale that is delayed by the first time offset from the end time of the first time unit. Correspondingly, the time interval between the end time of the first time unit delayed by the first time offset and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold. Optionally, the aforementioned time offset value is used to characterize the degree of offset in the end time of receiving the first signal.

[0184] This application embodiment sets the time interval between the end position of the first signal and the start position of the second signal at the first terminal to be equal to or exceed the transmit / receive switching delay of the half-duplex terminal, so that the half-duplex terminal will not have interference with the first signal when receiving the second signal, thus avoiding uplink and downlink conflict problems.

[0185] The above embodiments mainly involve the timing relationship from R2D to D2R and the possible implementation of adjusting the timing relationship. The main entity performing the adjustment action is the first terminal. The timing relationship from D2R to R2D is described below. Please refer to Figure 8 for details. Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application. The method shown in Figure 8 may include steps S801 to S802. This scheme can be applied to any communication system shown in Figure 1. For example, this embodiment of the application applies this method to the communication system in Figure 1 that includes a second terminal and a first terminal, and the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. It should be understood that Figure 8 shows the steps or operations of this communication method, but these steps or operations are only examples. This embodiment of the application may also perform other operations or variations of the operations in Figure 8, or reasonable substitutions between steps.

[0186] Step S801: The first terminal sends a third signal to the second terminal in the third time unit.

[0187] Correspondingly, the second terminal receives the third signal in the third time unit. It should be understood that in practical applications, the aforementioned sending and receiving actions can be the same step, i.e., the process of sending the third signal is the process of receiving the third signal; of course, in possible implementations, the aforementioned sending and receiving actions can also be different steps. This application does not limit this.

[0188] The third signal can be the second signal, such as a D2R related signal. Exemplarily, the third signal can be a preamble, the physical channel carrying the data (such as a physical tag-to-reader channel, or an environmental physical uplink shared channel), a post-synchronization signal, or other signals. This application does not impose any limitations on these. It should be understood that the embodiments in this application are illustrated using a D2R signal as the third signal.

[0189] In one alternative implementation, the third time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the third signal.

[0190] Step S802: The first terminal receives the fourth signal in the fourth time unit.

[0191] Correspondingly, the second terminal sends a fourth signal to the first terminal in the fourth time unit.

[0192] It should be understood that the fourth signal can be the first signal mentioned above, such as the R2D signal, or other signals. This application embodiment is illustrated by taking the R2D signal as the fourth signal.

[0193] In one alternative implementation, the fourth time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the fourth signal.

[0194] The absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold. For ease of understanding, please refer to Figure 9. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another D2R to R2D timing relationship provided by an embodiment of this application. In Figure 9, the end time of the third time unit is the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the third signal. The start time of the fourth time unit is the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the fourth signal. In Figure 9, T D2Rmin As a preset first threshold, in other implementations, T D2Rmin It can be any other value.

[0195] In one optional implementation, the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit satisfy the following formula:

[0196] T D2Rmin ≥N Rx-Tx *T c ;

[0197] Among them, T D2Rmin N is the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit. Rx-Tx For the existing transmit / receive switching time of a half-duplex terminal, T c Based on the time parameter.

[0198] It should be understood that, like the first and second signals, the third and / or fourth signals are also modulated using low-power modulation.

[0199] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0200] In one alternative implementation, the first terminal does not expect to receive a fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit.

[0201] The absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fifth time unit is equal to the first threshold. It is understood that the fourth time unit may include the fifth time unit. Specifically, since the absolute value of the difference between the start time of the fifth time unit and the end time of the third time unit is equal to the first threshold, and the absolute value of the difference between the start time of the fourth time unit and the end time of the third time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it means that the start time of the fifth time unit may be the same as the start time of the fourth time unit, or that the start time of the fifth time unit is earlier than the start time of the fourth time unit.

[0202] It should be understood that the entity responsible for determining the timing relationship from D2R to R2D is the second terminal. After determining the transmission time of the fourth signal, the second terminal may not be synchronized with the first terminal. However, knowing that the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal, the first terminal does not expect to receive the fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit to avoid wasting resources. It is understandable that before the fourth signal is transmitted, the first terminal may receive a second indication message sent by the second terminal, which indicates that the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal.

[0203] It should be understood that the first communication device does not expect to receive the fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit, which means that the first communication device does not want to receive the fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit, or that it assumes that there is no fourth signal in the fifth time unit.

[0204] In this embodiment, the second terminal avoids uplink and downlink conflicts by controlling the transmission and reception times of the third and fourth signals, combined with additional settings of the first terminal (such as not expecting to receive the fourth signal in the fifth time unit), and effectively reduces the energy consumption of the first terminal during unnecessary reception periods, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the terminal.

[0205] In the communication system shown in Figure 1, which includes a second terminal acting as an intermediate node between the first terminal and the network device, the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal. Uplink and downlink conflicts related to the network device and the first terminal may exist at the second terminal. For example, there may be a conflict between the signal received by the second terminal from the first terminal and the signal that the second terminal needs to send to the network device, or a conflict between the signal that the second terminal needs to send to the first terminal and the signal received by the second terminal from the network device. In one optional implementation, the second terminal determines the signal to be sent or received based on the relevant information of the conflicting signals to resolve the conflict. Specifically, please refer to Figure 10, which is a flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in this application embodiment. The method shown in Figure 10 can be applied to the second terminal in the communication system architecture shown in Figure 1. The second terminal is a half-duplex terminal, and the method shown in Figure 10 may specifically include steps S1001 to S1002. It should be understood that Figure 10 illustrates the steps or operations of this communication method, but these steps or operations are merely examples. This application embodiment can also perform other operations or variations of the operations in Figure 10, or reasonable substitutions between steps.

[0206] Step S1001: The second terminal determines that there is a conflict between the relevant signals of the network device and the relevant signals of the first terminal.

[0207] In one optional implementation, the relevant signal of the network device can be a relevant signal of the network device that the second terminal is prepared to receive, such as a downlink control signal or a reference signal, or a signal that the second terminal is prepared to send to the network device, such as various uplink signals; the relevant signal of the first terminal can be a signal that the first terminal is prepared to send to the second terminal, such as a D2R signal, or a signal that the second terminal is prepared to send to the first terminal, such as an R2D signal, or the first signal, second signal, third signal, or fourth signal mentioned above, wherein the first signal includes the signal sent by the second terminal to the first terminal, and the second signal includes the signal sent by the first terminal to the second terminal.

[0208] This application does not limit the types of signals.

[0209] Furthermore, the aforementioned conflict is used to characterize the conflict between signals in the time domain / frequency domain or between other resources. The following example illustrates this embodiment with the existence of time-domain related conflicts between signals.

[0210] To illustrate the conflict more clearly, two possible conflicts are listed below as examples:

[0211] Possible scenario 1: A conflict exists between the relevant signals (such as R2D signals) that the second terminal is preparing to send to the first terminal and the relevant signals that the second terminal is preparing to receive from the network device.

[0212] Possible scenario 2: A conflict exists between the relevant signals (such as D2R signals) that the second terminal is preparing to receive from the first terminal and the relevant signals that it is preparing to send to the network device.

[0213] To illustrate possibility 1, the second terminal anticipates transmitting relevant signals from the first terminal on the first symbol, but the first symbol is configured to receive relevant signals from the network device; therefore, a signal collision occurs. For example, when the second terminal is configured to receive PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, or DL ​​PRS on the first symbol via higher-layer parameters, if the second terminal detects a DCI indicating R2D transmission or PRDCH transmission on at least one symbol of the first symbol, this represents a signal collision.

[0214] To address this conflict, the second terminal can prioritize sending and receiving relevant signals from the first terminal. However, in an optional implementation, the relevant signals from the network device include signals with higher priority than the relevant signals from the first terminal, such as a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB). These signals are called target signals. If the first symbol is configured to receive relevant signals from the network device other than the target signals, the target operation that the second terminal needs to perform includes sending the relevant signals from the first terminal. The second terminal determines whether to send the relevant signals from the first terminal in the first symbol, which can be achieved by receiving third indication information from the first terminal. This third indication information indicates that the relevant signals from the network device conflict with the relevant signals from the first terminal.

[0215] It should be understood that the first symbol includes one or more symbols. The configuration of the first symbol to receive relevant signals from the network device other than the target signal can be understood as one or more symbols in the first symbol being occupied by a job / operation / thread receiving relevant signals from the network device other than the target signal, or the time domain of the relevant signals of the first terminal overlapping or partially overlapping with the time sequence of the relevant signals of the network device other than the target signal. It should be noted that this partial overlap indicates that only a portion of the time slots overlap between the time domain of the relevant signals of the first terminal and the time sequence of the relevant signals of the network device other than the target signal.

[0216] It should be understood that the third indication information is sent by the first terminal, therefore there is an operation whereby the first terminal sends the third indication information to the second terminal. It should also be understood that the third indication information may be carried by the first terminal when sending other signals, or it may be sent independently; this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0217] In one alternative implementation, since the first symbol selects to temporarily suspend receiving relevant signals from the network device, if the network device stops sending the relevant signals, the second terminal can send a relevant signal requesting signal retransmission to the network device.

[0218] If the relevant signal of the network device includes a target signal, for example, if the target signal of the network device exists in the bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol, and the second symbol and the third symbol overlap, the overlap including full overlap or partial overlap, and the third symbol is configured for the second terminal to prepare to transmit the relevant signal of the first terminal, then the second terminal preferentially selects to receive the target signal. Specifically, when the second terminal is about to transmit R2D or PRDCH in the third symbol, and is indicated by the burst position ssb-PositionsInBurst or NCD-SSB in the single sideband signal of CD-SSB SIB1 that there is an SSB in the active DL bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol, if the symbol occupied by R2D or PRDCH (the third symbol) overlaps with any of the symbols in the second symbol, the second terminal will not transmit R2D or PRDCH. Optionally, the R2D transmission or PRDCH transmission resources / time domain resources / occupied symbols can be indicated by DCI.

[0219] Optionally, the second terminal may delay or stop transmitting the relevant signal from the first terminal. The second terminal's determination that the target signal from the network device exists within the bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol can be achieved through a fourth indication message sent by the network device. Specifically, the second terminal receives a third indication message, which instructs the transmission of the relevant signal from the first terminal in the first symbol; correspondingly, the network device sends the third indication message to the second terminal.

[0220] Example 2 illustrates a conflict between a related signal (such as a D2R signal) that the second terminal is prepared to receive from the first terminal and a related signal that the second terminal is prepared to send to the network device. For example, when the second terminal configures the related signals (such as SRS, PUCCH, or PUSCH) of the network device on a set of symbols through higher-layer parameters, if the second terminal detects a DCI indicating that D2R or PDRCH is to be received on this set of symbols, it means that there is a conflict between the two related signals.

[0221] To address this conflict, the second terminal can select one of the two signals for transmission and reception based on priority. In this embodiment, the priority of the relevant signal from the first terminal that the second terminal is prepared to receive is higher than the priority of the relevant signal that the second terminal is prepared to send to the network device. Therefore, the target operation to be performed by the second terminal includes receiving the relevant signal from the first terminal. Specifically, the second terminal receives a fifth indication message from the first terminal, which indicates that the relevant signal from the first terminal is received at a fourth symbol. The fourth symbol is configured to send relevant signals from the network device other than the target signal. Correspondingly, the first terminal sends the fifth indication message to the second terminal. The second terminal determines, based on the fifth indication message, that there is a conflict between the relevant signal from the network device and the relevant signal from the first terminal.

[0222] Step S1002: The second terminal executes the target operation.

[0223] The target operation includes receiving a target signal from the relevant signals of the first terminal, sending a target signal from the relevant signals of the first terminal, or receiving a target signal from the relevant signals of the network device. Optionally, the second terminal may perform one of the target operations depending on different conflict situations.

[0224] In this embodiment, when a conflict arises between the relevant signals of the network device and the relevant signals of the first terminal, the second terminal can choose to send / receive signals from one side. This conflict can be understood as a conflict in the time or frequency domain of the signals. For example, the relevant signals of the network device may require transmission on certain symbols, while the relevant signals of the first terminal may require reception on repeated or partially repeated symbols, indicating a conflict. In existing technical solutions, if the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal, the conflict is primarily addressed on one side. For instance, there may be uplink / downlink conflicts between the signal transmission and reception between the second terminal and the network device, and also between the second terminal and the first terminal. However, this solution resolves the uplink / downlink conflicts between the network device and the first terminal on the second terminal side, effectively avoiding conflicts between the second terminal receiving signals from the network device and signals sent to the first terminal, as well as conflicts between the second terminal receiving signals from the first terminal and signals sent to the network device.

[0225] The communication method provided by the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above with reference to Figures 2, 8 to 10. The communication device provided by the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 11 and 12. It should be understood that the description of the embodiments of the communication device corresponds to the description of the embodiments of the communication method; therefore, any parts not described in detail can be referred to the foregoing method embodiments.

[0226] Please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in this application. As shown in Figure 11, the communication device 110 may include a transceiver unit 1101 and a processing unit 1102.

[0227] In some feasible implementations, the communication device 110 may correspond to the first terminal in the communication method shown in FIG2, or a component (such as a circuit, chip or chip system) configured in the first terminal.

[0228] Specifically, processing unit 1102 is used to generate a second signal. Transceiver unit 1101 is used to receive the first signal in a first time unit;

[0229] The transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to send a second signal to the first node in a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation. It should be understood that other functional implementations of each unit can also correspond to the descriptions of the method steps implemented by the first terminal in the communication method shown in Figure 2.

[0230] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0231] In one alternative implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or the first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal occurs.

[0232] In one optional implementation, the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0233] In an optional implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, and the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to receive first indication information, which is used to indicate a first time offset value; the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine a second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0234] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine the first time unit and the second time unit according to the second indication information, the first time unit including the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, the second time unit including the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit being greater than or equal to the first threshold.

[0235] In an optional implementation, regarding the determination of the second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine the second time unit based on the first indication information and the second indication information; the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0236] In one alternative implementation, the low-power modulation includes on-off keying (OOK), frequency modulation keying (FSK), or binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0237] Reusing Figure 11, in some feasible implementations, the communication device 110 may correspond to the first node / second terminal described in the communication method shown in Figure 2, or a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the first node / second terminal.

[0238] In a specific implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to send a first signal to the first terminal in a first time unit; the transceiver unit 1101 is also used to receive a second signal in a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation. The processing unit 1102 is used to generate the first signal. It should be understood that the other functional implementations of each unit can also correspond to the description of the method steps implemented by the second terminal in the communication method shown in FIG2, which will not be repeated here.

[0239] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0240] In one alternative implementation, the first time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or the first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in which the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal occurs.

[0241] In one optional implementation, the first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol where the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0242] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to send first indication information to the first terminal; wherein the first indication information is configured to indicate a first time offset value, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

[0243] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to send second indication information to the first terminal, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

[0244] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to send a second indication information to the first terminal, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex.

[0245] In one alternative implementation, the low-power modulation includes on-off keying (OOK), frequency modulation keying (FSK), or binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

[0246] Reusing Figure 11, in some feasible implementations, the communication device 110 may correspond to the first node / second terminal described in the communication method shown in Figure 8 above, or a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the first node / second terminal.

[0247] The transceiver unit 1101 is used to receive a third signal in the third time unit;

[0248] The transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to send a fourth signal to the first terminal in a fourth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation mode of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low-power modulation. The processing unit 1102 is configured to generate the fourth signal. It should be understood that the other functional implementations of each unit can also correspond to the descriptions of the method steps implemented by the first terminal in the communication method shown in FIG8.

[0249] In one optional implementation, the first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

[0250] In one alternative implementation, the third time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the third signal.

[0251] In one alternative implementation, the fourth time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the fourth signal.

[0252] Reusing Figure 11, in some feasible implementations, the communication device 110 may correspond to the first terminal described in the communication method shown in Figure 8 above, or a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the first terminal.

[0253] In a specific implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to send a third signal to the first node in the third time unit; the transceiver unit 1101 is also used to not expect to receive a fourth signal from the first node in the fifth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fifth time unit is equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low-power modulation. The processing unit 1102 is used to generate the third signal. It should be understood that the other functional implementations of each unit can also correspond to the description of the method steps implemented by the second terminal in the communication method shown in FIG8, which will not be repeated here.

[0254] Reusing Figure 11, in some feasible implementations, the communication device 110 may correspond to the second terminal described in the communication method shown in Figure 10 above, or a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the second terminal.

[0255] Processing unit 1102 is used to determine that there is a conflict between the relevant signals of the network device and the relevant signals of the first terminal; processing unit 1102 is also used to perform a target operation, the target operation including receiving the relevant signals of the first terminal, sending the relevant signals of the first terminal, or receiving a target signal from the relevant signals of the network device. It should be understood that other functional implementations of each unit can also correspond to the corresponding descriptions of the method steps implemented by the first terminal in the communication method shown in FIG10.

[0256] In one alternative implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is configured to receive third indication information, the third indication information being configured to instruct a first symbol to transmit a related signal of the first terminal, the first symbol being configured to receive related signals from the network device other than the target signal, the target operation including transmitting the related signal of the first terminal.

[0257] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to receive fourth indication information, the fourth indication information being configured to indicate that a target signal exists in the relevant signals of the network device in the bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol, the second symbol and the third symbol overlapping, the third symbol being configured to transmit the relevant signals of the first terminal, and the target operation including receiving the target signal in the relevant signals of the network device.

[0258] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit 1101 is further configured to receive fifth indication information, the fifth indication information being used to indicate receiving a related signal of the first terminal at a fourth symbol, the fourth symbol being configured to transmit related signals of the network device other than the target signal, the target operation including receiving the related signal of the first terminal.

[0259] In one optional implementation, the target signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the related signal of the first terminal includes a first signal or a second signal. The first signal includes a signal sent from the second terminal to the first terminal, and the second signal includes a signal sent from the first terminal to the second terminal.

[0260] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in this application. This communication device 120 can be used to implement the operations performed by the first terminal and the second terminal in the above embodiments, or, the communication device 120 can be the first terminal or the second terminal described above. The communication device 120 includes: a processor 1201, a memory 1202, and a bus system 1203.

[0261] The memory 1202 is, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EPROM, or CD-ROM, and is used to store related instructions and data. The memory 1202 stores executable modules or data structures, or subsets thereof, or extended sets thereof:

[0262] Operation instructions: This includes various operation instructions used to perform various operations.

[0263] Operating system: includes various system programs used to implement various basic business functions and handle hardware-based tasks.

[0264] Figure 12 shows only one memory, but of course, multiple memories can be set as needed.

[0265] The communication device 120 may further include a transceiver 1204. The transceiver 1204 may be a communication module or a transceiver circuit. In the embodiments of this application, the transceiver 1204 is used to perform the message sending and receiving operations involved in the above embodiments.

[0266] Processor 1201 may be a controller, CPU, general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Processor 1201 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of DSP and microprocessor, etc.

[0267] In specific applications, the various components of the communication device 120 are coupled together through a bus system 1203. This bus system 1203 includes not only a data bus but may also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity, all buses are labeled as bus system 1203 in Figure 12. For ease of illustration, Figure 12 is only schematically shown.

[0268] In specific implementation, the communication device 120 can execute the steps of the method performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in any of the above embodiments. Specifically, when the communication device 120 is used to implement the various steps performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in the communication method provided in any of the above embodiments, the processor 1201 can implement the function of the processing unit 1102, and the transceiver 1204 can implement the function of the transceiver unit 1101.

[0269] It should be noted that in practical applications, the processor in the embodiments of this application can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiments can be completed by the integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly embodied in the execution of a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above methods.

[0270] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memories described in the embodiments of this application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0271] Referring back to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in this application, the communication device 120 can be used to implement the operations performed by the network device in the above embodiments, or the communication device 120 can be the network device described above.

[0272] This application also provides a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a computer, implements the method steps performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in the communication methods provided in Figures 2, 8 to 10.

[0273] This application also provides a computer program product that, when executed by a computer, implements the method steps performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in the communication methods provided in Figures 2, 8 to 10.

[0274] This application also provides a chip, which includes at least a processor. The processor is used to execute computer execution instructions so that a device on which the chip is installed implements the method steps performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in the communication methods provided in Figures 2, 8 to 10.

[0275] Optionally, the chip may also include interface circuitry. This interface circuitry is used to receive computer execution instructions and transmit them to the processor.

[0276] This application also provides a chip system including a processor for supporting the apparatus on which the chip system is installed to implement the method steps performed by the first terminal, the second terminal, or the network device in the communication methods provided in Figures 2, 8 to 10, such as generating or processing the data and / or information involved in the above methods. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and data necessary for the data transmission device. The chip system may be composed of a chip or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0277] This application also provides a communication system. The communication system includes at least the second terminal / first node and the first terminal described above. The second terminal / first node and the first terminal work together to implement the communication method shown in Figure 2 and / or Figure 8 above.

[0278] This application also provides a communication system, which includes at least the first terminal, the second terminal, and the network device described above. The first terminal, the second terminal, and the network device work together to implement the communication method shown in Figure 10 above.

[0279] In the above method embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (e.g., digital video disc, DVD), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state disk, SSD, etc.).

[0280] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0281] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

[0282] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first terminal, and the method includes: The first signal is received in the first time unit; A second signal is sent to the first node in the second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first time unit includes the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or... The first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol where the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first time unit includes the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, and the method further includes: Receive first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate a first time offset value; The second time unit is determined based on the first indication information and the first time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; The first time unit and the second time unit are determined according to the second indication information. The first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located. The second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal. The absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the second time unit based on the first indication information and the first time unit includes: Receive second indication information, the second indication information being used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; The second time unit is determined based on the first indication information and the second indication information; the second indication information is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half duplex, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

8. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to the first node, the method includes: The first signal is sent to the first terminal in the first time unit; A second signal is received in a second time unit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the first signal and / or the second signal is low-power modulation.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The first time unit includes the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, or... The first time unit includes the end time of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol where the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol containing the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal, and the second time unit includes the first rising or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a first indication message to the first terminal; wherein the first indication message is used to indicate a first time offset value, and the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the first time unit and the start time of the second time unit is greater than or equal to the sum of the first threshold and the first time offset value.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8-11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second indication message to the first terminal, wherein the second indication message is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex; the first time unit includes the end time of the OFDM symbol in which the last rising edge or falling edge of the last bit of the first signal is located, and the second time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the second signal.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send a second indication message to the first terminal, wherein the second indication message is used to indicate that the duplex type of the first node includes half-duplex.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The low-power modulation includes on / off keying (OOK), frequency modulation keying (FSK), or binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

16. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to the first node, the method includes: The third signal is received in the third time unit; A fourth signal is sent to the first terminal in the fourth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fourth time unit is greater than or equal to a first threshold, and the modulation method of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low-power modulation.

17. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a first terminal, the method includes: In the third time unit, a third signal is sent to the first node; The fourth signal from the first node is not expected to be received in the fifth time unit; the absolute value of the difference between the end time of the third time unit and the start time of the fifth time unit is equal to the first threshold, and the modulation method of the third signal and / or the fourth signal is low power modulation.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The first threshold is a preset value, or the first threshold is the transmit / receive switching delay of a half-duplex terminal.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16-18, characterized in that, The third time unit includes the last rising or falling edge of the last bit of the third signal.

20. The method according to any one of claims 16-19, characterized in that, The fourth time unit includes the first rising edge or falling edge of the first bit of the fourth signal.

21. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second terminal, and the method includes: It was determined that there was a conflict between the relevant signals from the network device and the relevant signals from the first terminal; Perform the target operation, which includes receiving the target signal from the relevant signals of the first terminal, sending the relevant signals of the first terminal, or receiving the target signal from the relevant signals of the network device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive third indication information, the third indication information being used to instruct a first symbol to send a relevant signal of the first terminal, the first symbol being configured to receive relevant signals from the network device other than the target signal, the target operation including sending the relevant signal of the first terminal.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives a fourth indication information, which indicates that a target signal exists in the relevant signals of the network device within the bandwidth corresponding to the second symbol. The second symbol overlaps with the third symbol, and the third symbol is configured to transmit the relevant signals of the first terminal. The target operation includes receiving the target signal in the relevant signals of the network device.

24. The method according to any one of claims 21-23, characterized in that, The method further includes: A fifth instruction is received, which is used to indicate that a related signal of the first terminal is received at a fourth symbol. The fourth symbol is configured to send related signals of the network device other than the target signal. The target operation includes receiving the related signal of the first terminal.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21-24, characterized in that, The target signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), and the relevant signals of the first terminal include a first signal or a second signal. The first signal includes a signal sent from the second terminal to the first terminal, and the second signal includes a signal sent from the first terminal to the second terminal.

26. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-25.

27. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs that, when executed on a computer, cause the method described in any one of claims 1-26 to be performed.

28. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes at least a first terminal and a first node. The first node includes a second terminal, which is a half-duplex terminal. The first terminal is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-7 or claim 15, or to implement the method as described in any one of claims 17-20. The first node is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 8-15, or to implement the method as described in any one of claims 16, 18, 19 or 20.

29. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first terminal, a second terminal, and a network device, wherein the second terminal is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 21-25, and the second terminal is a half-duplex terminal.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions; when some or all of the computer instructions are run on a computer, the method described in any one of claims 1-25 is performed.

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