Method and apparatus for preventing bone cement leakage, electronic device, and storage medium

Abstract

A method and apparatus for preventing bone cement leakage, an electronic device, and a storage medium. The method for preventing bone cement leakage comprises: determining, from historical cases, a first surgical method conforming to condition information of a current patient, and first material parameters of postoperative bone, wherein the first surgical method comprises first surgical parameters (S11); on the basis of the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebral body of the current patient, simulating a diffusion status of bone cement injected into the body according to the first surgical method, so as to obtain a first predicted morphology representing the diffusion status of the bone cement (S12); using an evaluation model to evaluate the first surgical method on the basis of the first predicted morphology, so as to obtain a baseline evaluation score (S13); and adjusting the first surgical parameters on the basis of the baseline evaluation score for the purpose of improving the evaluation score, so as to obtain a target surgical method (S14). By using the method for preventing bone cement leakage, the risk of bone cement leakage can be reduced, thereby effectively preventing bone cement leakage.

Description

Methods, apparatus, electronic devices and storage media for preventing bone cement leakage Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of data processing, and more particularly to a method and apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for preventing bone cement leakage. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of medical technology, surgery to treat vertebral fractures is becoming increasingly widespread in clinical practice. This surgery involves injecting bone cement into the fractured vertebra to strengthen it, thereby relieving patients' pain and improving their quality of life.

[0003] However, this procedure can be accompanied by a range of complications related to bone cement injection, one of the most common being bone cement leakage. Bone cement injection relies heavily on the surgeon's experience and feel, lacking precise control and monitoring. Due to the fluidity and injection pressure of bone cement, it can easily leak out through vertebral fractures, bone defects, or puncture channels. This leakage not only causes mechanical compression and thermal damage to surrounding tissues but can also trigger a series of serious complications, such as nerve root injury, spinal cord compression, and pulmonary embolism. Bone cement leakage not only causes physical harm to patients but also affects their emotional well-being; therefore, minimizing its occurrence is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this disclosure proposes a solution for preventing bone cement leakage.

[0005] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method for preventing bone cement leakage is provided, comprising: determining, from historical cases, a first surgical method and first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information, the first surgical method including the first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to the first surgical method based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient, to obtain a first predicted morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement; evaluating the first surgical method using an evaluation model based on the first predicted morphology to obtain a baseline evaluation score; and adjusting the first surgical parameters based on the baseline evaluation score with the aim of improving the evaluation score to obtain a target surgical method.

[0006] In one possible implementation, adjusting the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark assessment score to improve the assessment score and obtain the target surgical method includes: obtaining multiple candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each candidate surgical method based on each candidate surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, and correspondingly obtaining multiple second prediction forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement; using the assessment model, evaluating each candidate surgical method based on each second prediction form, and obtaining a score result for each candidate surgical method; and selecting the candidate surgical method corresponding to the score result with the highest value and higher than the benchmark assessment score as the target surgical method.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image. The method further includes: determining the first coordinates of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the vertebral arrangement direction of the first preoperative image; determining a segmentation line based on each of the first coordinates; using the segmentation line to segment the fractured vertebral body image from the first preoperative image; and using the fractured vertebral body image to perform modeling to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0008] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image for a single historical patient. The method further includes: determining a second actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery for each historical patient based on the second postoperative image of each historical patient; determining second material parameters of the bone after surgery for each historical patient based on the second surgical method, the second preoperative image, and the second actual morphology of each historical patient; and updating each second material parameter to the corresponding historical case.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the first actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery based on the postoperative images of the current patient; simulating the diffusion of the bone cement after injection into the body according to the target surgical method based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, to obtain a third predicted morphology characterizing the diffusion of the bone cement; determining the difference between the first actual morphology and the third predicted morphology; calibrating the first material parameters based on the difference to obtain calibrated material parameters; establishing the historical case of the current patient, and storing the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: constructing a mechanical analysis model based on a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient; using the mechanical analysis model, based on the first actual shape, simulating the stress on the fractured vertebrae under various working conditions after surgery, and obtaining the stress, strain, and distribution of bone cement of the fractured vertebrae under each working condition as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: second medical condition information, a second surgical method, and second material parameters of the bone after surgery for a single historical patient. The current patient's medical condition information includes: first basic information and a first medical condition description for the current patient. Determining the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that match the current patient's medical condition information includes: identifying, from each of the historical cases, at least one historical case corresponding to at least one piece of second medical condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient, as a candidate case; and obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate case.

[0012] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an apparatus for preventing bone cement leakage is provided, the apparatus comprising:

[0013] The first surgical method and material parameter determination unit is used to determine the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases. The first surgical method includes the first surgical parameters.

[0014] The first predictive morphology determination unit is used to simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, and to obtain the first predictive morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement.

[0015] The benchmark assessment score determination unit is used to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an assessment model to obtain a benchmark assessment score.

[0016] The target surgical method determination unit is used to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score with the aim of improving the evaluation score, so as to obtain the target surgical method.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the target surgical method determining unit is further configured to:

[0018] Based on different first surgical parameters, multiple candidate surgical methods are obtained;

[0019] Based on the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to the candidate surgical methods is simulated, and a number of second predicted forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement are obtained accordingly.

[0020] Using the evaluation model, each of the candidate surgical methods is evaluated based on each of the second prediction morphologies to obtain a score for each of the candidate surgical methods;

[0021] The candidate surgical method corresponding to the highest score that is higher than the benchmark assessment score is selected as the target surgical method.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the device further includes:

[0023] The first coordinate determination unit is used to determine the first coordinates of the four articular processes closest to the fracture site in the direction of the vertebral arrangement in the first preoperative image.

[0024] The dividing line determination unit is used to determine the dividing line based on each of the first coordinates;

[0025] A fractured vertebral body image determination unit is used to segment the fractured vertebral body image from the first preoperative image using the segmentation line;

[0026] The preoperative three-dimensional model determination unit is used to perform modeling using the fractured vertebral body images to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0027] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: a second surgical approach, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image for a single historical patient; the device further includes:

[0028] The second actual morphology determination unit is used to determine the second actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery for each of the historical patients based on the second postoperative images of each historical patient.

[0029] The second material parameter determination unit is used to determine the second material parameters of the postoperative bones of each historical patient based on the second surgical method, the second preoperative image, and the second actual morphology of each historical patient, and to update the second material parameters to the corresponding historical case.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0031] The first actual morphology determination unit is used to determine the first actual morphology of the bone cement after the current patient's postoperative imaging.

[0032] The third predictive morphology determination unit is used to simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, and obtain a third predictive morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement.

[0033] A difference determination unit is used to determine the difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form;

[0034] A first material parameter calibration unit is used to calibrate the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain the calibrated material parameter;

[0035] The current patient material parameters and surgical method storage unit is used to establish the current patient's historical case and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the device further includes:

[0037] The mechanical analysis model construction unit is used to construct a mechanical analysis model based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient;

[0038] The working condition simulation unit is used to simulate the stress on the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions based on the first actual shape using the mechanical analysis model, and to obtain the stress, strain and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under each working condition, as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the single historical case includes: second medical condition information, second surgical method, and second material parameters of the bone after surgery for the single historical patient; the current patient's medical condition information includes: first basic information and first medical condition description for the current patient; the first surgical method and material parameter determination unit are further used for:

[0040] From each of the historical cases, at least one historical case corresponding to the first basic information and the first description of the condition of the current patient is identified as a candidate case.

[0041] The first surgical method and the first material parameters are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate cases.

[0042] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above-described method when executing instructions stored in the memory.

[0043] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer program instructions thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0044] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable code, wherein when the computer-readable code is run in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device performs the above-described method.

[0045] This disclosure combines prior experience to determine a first surgical method and first material parameters that match the current patient's condition information from historical cases. Since the first surgical method and first material parameters have been used on patients with similar conditions, although they may not be the most suitable for the current patient, they are more reliable than surgical methods and material parameters subjectively estimated by doctors. Then, preoperatively, a first predicted morphology of bone cement diffusion is simulated after injecting bone cement characterized by the first material parameters using the first surgical method. Furthermore, an evaluation model is used to score the first predicted morphology, obtaining a baseline evaluation score. Using the baseline evaluation score as a benchmark, the first surgical parameters are adjusted to improve the evaluation score of the adjusted surgical plan. Therefore, the target surgical method is more suitable for the first material parameters and the current patient's condition (bone structure, disease condition) than the first surgical method. In this way, the target surgical method and target material parameters determined using the method of this disclosure can meet the requirements of matching the surgical method, material parameters, and the patient's own condition as much as possible, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage and effectively preventing bone cement leakage.

[0046] Other features and aspects of this disclosure will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure together with the specification and serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0048] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0049] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0052] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0053] Furthermore, to better illustrate this disclosure, numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description. Those skilled in the art will understand that this disclosure can be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this disclosure.

[0054] Surgical treatment for vertebral fractures is becoming increasingly widespread in clinical practice. This procedure involves injecting bone cement into the fractured vertebra to strengthen it, thereby relieving patients' pain and improving their quality of life.

[0055] However, this procedure can be accompanied by a range of complications related to bone cement injection, one of the most common being bone cement leakage. Leakage can occur if the surgical method is unsuitable for the patient's condition, the composition of the bone cement is unsuitable, the surgical method and the bone cement composition are incompatible, or the surgical method, the bone cement composition, and the patient's condition are incompatible. All of these factors can cause bone cement leakage and result in patient suffering.

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preventing bone cement leakage according to an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:

[0057] S11, from historical cases, determine the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information, the first surgical method including the first surgical parameters.

[0058] The first surgical method refers to the surgical approach used to treat fractured vertebrae in patients with vertebral fractures in historical cases. The surgical method includes surgical parameters. The first surgical method may include first surgical parameters, such as: the injection angle of the bone cement, the injection point location, the injection volume, the injection speed, and the injection method.

[0059] Following surgery, bone cement is injected into the bone. Thus, the postoperative bone comprises the bone itself and the bone cement. The primary material parameters may include parameters characterizing the properties of the fractured vertebral body, such as the density of cortical bone, the porosity of cancellous bone, and the viscosity coefficient. The primary material parameters may also include parameters characterizing the properties of the injected bone cement, such as its density and viscosity.

[0060] The patient's medical information can create a patient profile. This information can include: basic patient information, a description of the condition, etc. Basic information can include: name, gender, age, duration of illness, etc.; the description of the condition can include: textual records of fracture type, fracture location, bone parameters, preoperative images, etc.

[0061] Historical case records can include those of patients, including the current patient. These records can be data saved prior to the determination of the first surgical approach. Historical case records may include basic information, condition descriptions, and bone cement parameters for other patients, as well as the current patient's basic information, condition description prior to this treatment, and bone cement parameters used before this treatment. In one example, historical case records may include: secondary patient condition information, secondary surgical approach, secondary bone material parameters after surgery, secondary preoperative images, and secondary postoperative images.

[0062] Therefore, based on the current patient's condition information, the first surgical method and the first material parameters that match the current patient's condition information can be determined from historical cases.

[0063] S12, based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient, simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, and obtain a first predicted morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement.

[0064] After bone cement is injected into the bone, it diffuses and forms a mass. Feature points can be specified on the edges of the mass, or feature points whose pixel values ​​differ from surrounding pixels by a threshold can be identified from the image of the mass. The diffusion pattern of the bone cement can include the distance vectors from these feature points to the injection point. The diffusion pattern of the bone cement can also include the shape of the mass.

[0065] For ease of description, the diffusion pattern of bone cement, predicted based on a preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebral body using a first surgical method, first material parameters, and a preoperative surgical method, can be termed the first predicted pattern. The first predicted pattern characterizes the anticipated diffusion of bone cement, configured according to the first surgical parameters, into the fractured vertebral body using the first surgical method.

[0066] S13, using an evaluation model, the first surgical method is evaluated based on the first predicted morphology to obtain a baseline evaluation score.

[0067] In this embodiment of the disclosure, an evaluation model can be pre-set. The evaluation model can be an artificial intelligence model, such as a deep learning model. The evaluation model can assess the surgical method based on the diffusion morphology of the bone cement. The evaluation results can be represented using scores.

[0068] In this embodiment of the disclosure, an evaluation model can be used to evaluate the first surgical method based on a first predicted morphology, obtaining an evaluation score. For ease of description, the evaluation score of the first surgical method is named the baseline evaluation score. The baseline evaluation score is negatively correlated with the risk of bone cement leakage. The baseline evaluation score reflects the degree of matching between the surgical method, the composition of the bone cement, and the patient's own condition, and the baseline evaluation score is positively correlated with this degree of matching.

[0069] S14, Based on the benchmark assessment score, and with the aim of improving the assessment score, adjust the first surgical parameters to obtain the target surgical method.

[0070] The first surgical method may include first surgical parameters. Therefore, by changing the first surgical parameters, various new surgical methods derived from the first surgical method can be obtained. In this embodiment, a target surgical method is obtained by automatically or manually adjusting the first surgical parameters to improve the baseline assessment score. The target surgical method is more suitable for the current patient's condition. Moreover, the target surgical method has a higher assessment score, thus the target surgical method has a higher degree of compatibility with the first material parameters and the patient's own condition, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage.

[0071] This disclosure combines prior experience to determine a first surgical method and first material parameters that match the current patient's condition information from historical cases. Since the first surgical method and first material parameters have been used on patients with similar conditions, although they may not be the most suitable for the current patient, they are more reliable than surgical methods and material parameters subjectively estimated by doctors. Then, preoperatively, a first predicted morphology of bone cement diffusion is simulated after injecting bone cement characterized by the first material parameters using the first surgical method. Furthermore, an evaluation model is used to score the first predicted morphology, obtaining a baseline evaluation score. Using the baseline evaluation score as a benchmark, the first surgical parameters are adjusted to improve the evaluation score of the adjusted surgical plan. Therefore, the target surgical method is more suitable for the first material parameters and the current patient's condition (bone structure, disease condition) than the first surgical method. In this way, the target surgical method and target material parameters determined using the method of this disclosure can meet the requirements of matching the surgical method, material parameters, and the patient's own condition as much as possible, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage and effectively preventing bone cement leakage.

[0072] In one possible implementation, adjusting the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark assessment score to improve the assessment score and obtain the target surgical method includes: obtaining multiple candidate surgical methods based on different first surgical parameters; simulating the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to each candidate surgical method based on each candidate surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, and correspondingly obtaining multiple second prediction forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement; using the assessment model, evaluating each candidate surgical method based on each second prediction form, and obtaining a score result for each candidate surgical method; and selecting the candidate surgical method corresponding to the score result with the highest value and higher than the benchmark assessment score as the target surgical method.

[0073] As previously stated, the first surgical method includes first surgical parameters. Therefore, by adjusting the first surgical parameters, multiple different first surgical parameters can be obtained. A surgical method including the adjusted first surgical parameters can be considered as a candidate surgical method. In this way, multiple candidate surgical methods can be obtained. In this embodiment of the present disclosure, a second predicted pattern of bone cement diffusion can be simulated after injecting bone cement characterized by the first material parameters according to the candidate surgical method. The second predicted pattern can characterize the predicted diffusion after injecting bone cement configured according to the first surgical parameters into the fractured vertebral body using the candidate surgical method. Each candidate surgical method can correspond to one second predicted pattern. Each second predicted pattern is evaluated using the aforementioned evaluation model, and each candidate surgical method can correspond to a score result. The score result can characterize the degree of conformity between the candidate surgical method and the first material parameters and the current patient's condition. For example, the value of the score result can be positively correlated with this degree of conformity.

[0074] If the score is the highest and higher than the baseline assessment score, it indicates that the candidate surgical method corresponding to the score is not only more suitable for the patient's condition and material parameters than the first surgical method, but also the most suitable among multiple candidate surgical methods. Therefore, this candidate surgical method can be used as the target surgical method for the current patient to undergo bone cement injection surgery characterized by the first material parameter. The target surgical method matches the current patient's condition and the bone cement characterized by the first material parameter, reducing the risk of bone cement leakage.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image. The method further includes: determining the first coordinates of the four articular processes closest to the fracture location in the vertebral arrangement direction of the first preoperative image; determining a segmentation line based on each of the first coordinates; using the segmentation line to segment the fractured vertebral body image from the first preoperative image; and using the fractured vertebral body image to perform modeling to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0076] As mentioned earlier, the description of the condition can include the location of the fracture. The description can include the identifier of the vertebrae that fractured. For example, if the fracture occurred in the second lumbar vertebra, the letter L can be used to represent the lumbar vertebra, and the Arabic numeral 2 can be used to represent the second vertebra. Therefore, L2 can be recorded in the description of the condition.

[0077] For example, a segmentation model can be used to segment the superior and inferior articular processes of each vertebra based on the patient's first preoperative image, and the corresponding vertebral markers for each superior and inferior articular process can be recorded. The fracture location is obtained from the patient's medical description. Based on the fracture location, the fractured vertebral body, the superior vertebral body adjacent to the fractured vertebral body, and the superior and inferior articular processes of the adjacent vertebral bodies are determined from the segmented superior and inferior articular processes. Then, the upper segmentation line can be determined based on the first coordinates of the superior and inferior articular processes of the fractured vertebral body. The lower segmentation line can be determined based on the first coordinates of the inferior articular processes of the fractured vertebral body and the superior articular processes of the inferior vertebral body. The fractured vertebral body image is then segmented from the first preoperative image based on the upper and lower segmentation lines.

[0078] For example, the coordinates of the geometric center of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the fractured vertebra, the coordinates of the geometric center of the inferior articular process of the superior vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the superior vertebra, and the geometric center of the superior articular process of the inferior vertebra can be used as the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the inferior vertebra. Then, based on the first coordinates of the superior and inferior articular processes of the fractured vertebra, a first connecting line is determined, and the perpendicular bisector of the first connecting line is used as the upper dividing line. Based on the first coordinates of the inferior articular process of the fractured vertebra and the first coordinates of the superior articular process of the inferior vertebra, a second connecting line is determined, and the perpendicular bisector of the second connecting line is used as the lower dividing line. The above is only an example, and the method for determining the dividing line in this disclosure is not limited.

[0079] For example, in response to a received fracture vertebral body localization command, the location of the fractured vertebral body can be determined in the first preoperative image. The fracture vertebral body localization command can be issued by the physician roughly framing the fractured vertebral body on the image. The superior and inferior articular processes of the fractured vertebral body are identified in the upward direction adjacent to the fractured vertebral body; the inferior and superior articular processes of the lower vertebral body are identified in the downward direction adjacent to the fractured vertebral body. A lower dividing line can be determined based on the inferior and superior articular processes of the fractured vertebral body. The fractured vertebral body image is then segmented from the first preoperative image based on the upper and lower dividing lines.

[0080] In this embodiment, modeling software or a pre-trained model can be used to perform three-dimensional modeling based on fractured vertebral images to obtain a preoperative three-dimensional model. The modeling process is not the focus of this disclosure and will not be described in detail here. Furthermore, after three-dimensional modeling, the surface smoothness of the obtained three-dimensional model can be evaluated. If the smoothness is less than a smoothness threshold, the three-dimensional model is updated until the smoothness of each surface of the three-dimensional model is not less than the smoothness threshold. The final three-dimensional model is then used as the preoperative three-dimensional model. In this way, all surfaces of the preoperative three-dimensional model meet the preset requirements (not less than the smoothness threshold), improving the accuracy of bone cement diffusion simulation.

[0081] In related technologies, manual specification of dividing lines is required to accurately segment the fractured vertebral body. However, the method of this disclosure can achieve fully automatic segmentation of fractured vertebral body images, or only require manual provision of the approximate location of the fractured vertebral body without precise location, thus reducing manual workload and improving the efficiency of building 3D models.

[0082] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: a second surgical method, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image for a single historical patient. The method further includes: determining a second actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery for each historical patient based on the second postoperative image; determining second material parameters of the postoperative bone for each historical patient based on the corresponding second surgical method, second preoperative image, and second actual morphology, and updating the second material parameters to the corresponding historical case.

[0083] Historical cases can be stored in a historical case database. Each historical case in the database can include a second surgical procedure, second preoperative images, second postoperative images, and follow-up information for a single historical patient.

[0084] After a patient undergoes surgery, follow-up visits can be conducted to record their movement and feelings, creating a follow-up record. For example, one month after surgery, records can be kept of the patient's movements and the location of discomfort experienced at the fracture site. This information can then be used as follow-up data.

[0085] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the actual morphology of bone cement diffusion after surgery in a historical patient can be identified based on a second postoperative image of that patient. For ease of description, this actual morphology is referred to as the second actual morphology. The second actual morphology may include the shape of the bone cement mass within the historical patient's body. The second actual morphology may include the distance vector from feature points on the bone cement mass within the historical patient's body to the injection point. The second actual morphology can characterize the actual diffusion of bone cement, configured according to second surgical parameters, injected into the fractured vertebral body using a second surgical method.

[0086] Then, by simulating the reverse process of bone cement diffusion in the body, and based on the second actual morphology and the second surgical method, the material parameters (bone and bone cement parameters) corresponding to the historical patient can be deduced, thus obtaining the initial second material parameters. Based on the second preoperative images, the fractured vertebral body of the historical patient can be modeled, resulting in a fractured vertebral body model, which is named the first vertebral body model for ease of description. Based on the initial second material parameters, the second surgical method, and the first vertebral body model, a fourth predicted morphology of bone cement diffusion after injecting bone cement characterized by the initial second material parameters into the historical patient using the second surgical method is simulated. The fourth predicted morphology may include the predicted shape of the bone cement mass in the historical patient. The second actual morphology may include the distance vector from feature points on the predicted bone cement mass in the historical patient to the injection point. The fourth predicted morphology can characterize the predicted diffusion after injecting bone cement configured according to the second surgical parameters into the fractured vertebral body using the second surgical method. Based on the difference between the fourth predicted morphology and the second actual morphology of the same historical patient, the initial second material parameters are corrected to obtain the second material parameters. The second material parameters are then updated in the corresponding historical cases.

[0087] As previously mentioned, the patient's material parameters include parameters characterizing the skeletal properties of the fractured vertebrae. These parameters may include microscopic parameters that are not easily obtained through detection or imaging. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the second material parameters from historical patients. Using the method in this embodiment, not only can the initial second material parameters be obtained through calculation, but the differences between the fourth predicted morphology and the second actual morphology of the same historical patient can also be used to correct the initial second material parameters, resulting in accurate second material parameters. This improves the accuracy of the second material parameters, thereby improving the matching degree between the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the current patient condition.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: determining the first actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery based on the postoperative images of the current patient; simulating the diffusion of the bone cement after injection into the body according to the target surgical method based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, to obtain a third predicted morphology characterizing the diffusion of the bone cement; determining the difference between the first actual morphology and the third predicted morphology; calibrating the first material parameters based on the difference to obtain calibrated material parameters; establishing the historical case of the current patient, and storing the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0089] The first actual form can be the shape of the bone cement in the patient's body after surgery. The first actual form can include the shape of the bone cement mass in the patient's body. The first actual form can include the distance vector from feature points on the bone cement mass to the injection point.

[0090] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the diffusion morphology of the bone cement mass after injection of bone cement characterized by the first material parameters into the current patient's body according to the target surgical method can be simulated. For ease of description, this diffusion morphology is named the third predicted morphology. The third predicted morphology may include the predicted morphology of the bone cement in the current patient's body after surgery. The third predicted morphology may include the predicted distance vector from feature points on the bone cement mass in the current patient's body to the injection point. The third predicted morphology can characterize the predicted diffusion situation after injecting bone cement configured according to the first surgical parameters into the fractured vertebral body using the target surgical method.

[0091] The differences in this embodiment can characterize the difference in shape between the predicted bone cement mass and the actual bone cement mass for the current patient, or the difference in distance vector between the same feature point and the injection point on the predicted and actual bone cement masses. Using the differences in this embodiment, the first material parameter can be calibrated to obtain the calibrated material parameter. A historical case is created for the current patient, and the target surgical method and the calibrated material parameter are stored in the current patient's historical case.

[0092] In practice, surgeons can adjust the parameters of the bone cement during surgery based on the patient's current bone condition. The patient's current bone condition may not perfectly match the initial material parameters, and the parameters of the bone cement used in the surgery may also differ. Therefore, the calibrated material parameters better reflect the patient's current bone condition and the type of bone cement used in the surgery, making the patient's medical history more accurate.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the method further includes: constructing a mechanical analysis model based on a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient; using the mechanical analysis model, based on the first actual shape, simulating the stress on the fractured vertebrae under various working conditions after surgery, and obtaining the stress, strain, and distribution of bone cement of the fractured vertebrae under each working condition as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0094] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient can be established based on the current patient's postoperative images.

[0095] Alternatively, during the process of obtaining the third predicted morphology (simulating the diffusion morphology of the bone cement mass after injecting the bone cement characterized by the first material parameters into the current patient's body according to the target surgical method), a three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient will be established. This model can be used as the postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, which can improve the efficiency of constructing a mechanical analysis model.

[0096] The "working conditions" here can refer to various scenarios in which the patient uses the fractured vertebrae post-surgery, such as bending over, reaching for objects at a height, and different sitting postures. "Working conditions" can refer to one or more stress parameters experienced by the fractured vertebrae. Stress parameters can include compression, tension, shear, bending, torsion, and dynamic loads. Under each working condition, the corresponding stress, strain, and bone cement distribution in the fractured vertebrae are respectively considered.

[0097] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the stress and strain of the fractured vertebral body under various working conditions after surgery, as well as the distribution of bone cement in the fractured vertebral body, can be simulated to develop a postoperative recovery plan for the current patient, thereby improving the accuracy of the postoperative recovery plan and its matching degree with the current patient.

[0098] In one possible implementation, a single historical case includes: second medical condition information, a second surgical method, and second material parameters of the bone after surgery for a single historical patient. The current patient's medical condition information includes: first basic information and a first medical condition description for the current patient. Determining the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that match the current patient's medical condition information includes: identifying, from each of the historical cases, at least one historical case corresponding to at least one piece of second medical condition information that is most similar to the first basic information and the first medical condition description of the current patient, as a candidate case; and obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate case.

[0099] The patient's medical history information can include basic information about the patient and a description of the condition. The description of the condition may include written records about the condition and preoperative images. Postoperative images may also be included. Therefore, the secondary medical history information may include secondary basic information and secondary descriptions of the patient's condition.

[0100] The second description of the patient's condition may include a second written record and a second preoperative image. The first description of the patient's condition may include a first written record and a first preoperative image.

[0101] In this embodiment, the first basic information and the second basic information can be text records. Therefore, based on keywords, the second basic information most similar to the first basic information can be matched among the various second basic information. The first and second disease descriptions can be text records and image records. Therefore, based on keywords, the second disease description most similar to the first disease description can be determined, and a second image feature vector can be extracted from the second preoperative image, and a first image feature vector can be extracted from the first preoperative image. Then, the second preoperative image corresponding to the second image feature vector most similar to the first image feature vector is determined. Historical cases to which the second basic information most similar to the first basic information belongs, historical cases to which the second disease description most similar to the first disease description belongs, and historical cases to which the second preoperative image corresponding to the second image feature vector most similar to the first image feature vector belongs can be determined as candidate cases.

[0102] Method 1: If there is only one candidate case, then the second surgical method and the second material parameter in the candidate case shall be used as the first surgical method and the first material parameter.

[0103] Method 2: If there are more than one candidate case, one candidate case can be randomly selected, and the second surgical method and the second material parameters in this randomly selected candidate case can be used as the first surgical method and the first material parameters.

[0104] Method 3: Doctors can adjust the second surgical method and second material parameters determined using Method 1 or Method 2 to obtain the first surgical method and first material parameters.

[0105] The above are merely examples. This disclosure does not limit the specific method for obtaining the first surgical method and the first material parameters based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters.

[0106] In this embodiment, candidate cases are matched from historical cases using the current patient's basic information and medical condition information, taking into account more comprehensive factors and improving the accuracy of the matching operation. Furthermore, matching is performed using not only text records but also images, ensuring that candidate cases match the current patient as closely as possible. This improves the matching degree between the determined first surgical method, first material parameters, and the current patient.

[0107] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for preventing bone cement leakage provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the device 20 includes:

[0108] The first surgical method and material parameter determination unit 21 is used to determine the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases. The first surgical method includes the first surgical parameters.

[0109] The first prediction morphology determination unit 22 is used to simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, and obtain the first prediction morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement.

[0110] The benchmark assessment score determination unit 23 is used to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an assessment model to obtain a benchmark assessment score.

[0111] The target surgical method determination unit 24 is used to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score with the aim of improving the evaluation score, so as to obtain the target surgical method.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the target surgical method determining unit 23 is further configured to:

[0113] Based on different first surgical parameters, multiple candidate surgical methods are obtained;

[0114] Based on the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to the candidate surgical methods is simulated, and a number of second predicted forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement are obtained accordingly.

[0115] Using the evaluation model, each of the candidate surgical methods is evaluated based on each of the second prediction morphologies to obtain a score for each of the candidate surgical methods;

[0116] The candidate surgical method corresponding to the highest score that is higher than the benchmark assessment score is selected as the target surgical method.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the current patient's condition information includes: a first preoperative image, and the device 20 further includes:

[0118] The first coordinate determination unit is used to determine the first coordinates of the four articular processes closest to the fracture site in the direction of the vertebral arrangement in the first preoperative image.

[0119] The dividing line determination unit is used to determine the dividing line based on each of the first coordinates;

[0120] A fractured vertebral body image determination unit is used to segment the fractured vertebral body image from the first preoperative image using the segmentation line;

[0121] The preoperative three-dimensional model determination unit is used to perform modeling using the fractured vertebral body images to obtain the preoperative three-dimensional model.

[0122] In one possible implementation, the single historical case includes: a second surgical approach, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image for the single historical patient, and the device 20 further includes:

[0123] The second actual morphology determination unit is used to determine the second actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery for each of the historical patients based on the second postoperative images of each historical patient.

[0124] The second material parameter determination unit is used to determine the second material parameters of the postoperative bones of each historical patient based on the second surgical method, the second preoperative image, and the second actual morphology of each historical patient, and to update the second material parameters to the corresponding historical case.

[0125] In one possible implementation, the device 20 further includes:

[0126] The first actual morphology determination unit is used to determine the first actual morphology of the bone cement after the current patient's postoperative imaging.

[0127] The third predictive morphology determination unit is used to simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, and obtain a third predictive morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement.

[0128] A difference determination unit is used to determine the difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form;

[0129] A first material parameter calibration unit is used to calibrate the first material parameter based on the difference to obtain the calibrated material parameter;

[0130] The current patient material parameters and surgical method storage unit is used to establish the current patient's historical case and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical case.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the device 20 further includes:

[0132] The mechanical analysis model construction unit is used to construct a mechanical analysis model based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient;

[0133] The working condition simulation unit is used to simulate the stress on the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions based on the first actual shape using the mechanical analysis model, and to obtain the stress, strain and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae after surgery under each working condition, as a reference for postoperative recovery.

[0134] In one possible implementation, the single historical case includes: second medical condition information, second surgical method, and second material parameters of the bone after surgery for the single historical patient; the current patient's medical condition information includes: first basic information and first medical condition description for the current patient; the first surgical method and material parameter determination unit 21 are further used for:

[0135] From each of the historical cases, at least one historical case corresponding to the first basic information and the first description of the condition of the current patient is identified as a candidate case.

[0136] The first surgical method and the first material parameters are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate cases.

[0137] In some embodiments, the functions or modules of the apparatus provided in this disclosure can be used to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation can be referred to the description of the above method embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0138] This disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile.

[0139] This disclosure also proposes an electronic device, including: a processor; and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to implement the above method when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0140] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including computer-readable code, or a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable code, wherein when the computer-readable code is run in a processor of an electronic device, the processor in the electronic device performs the above-described method.

[0141] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device for preventing bone cement leakage according to an embodiment of this disclosure. For example, the electronic device 1900 can be provided as a server or terminal device. Referring to Figure 3, the electronic device 1900 includes a processing component 1922, which further includes one or more processors, and memory resources represented by memory 1932 for storing instructions executable by the processing component 1922, such as application programs. The application programs stored in memory 1932 may include one or more modules, each corresponding to a set of instructions. Furthermore, the processing component 1922 is configured to execute instructions to perform the methods described above.

[0142] Electronic device 1900 may also include a power supply component 1926 configured to perform power management of electronic device 1900, a wired or wireless network interface 1950 configured to connect electronic device 1900 to a network, and an input / output interface 1958 (I / O interface). Electronic device 1900 can operate on an operating system, such as Windows Server, stored in memory 1932. TM Mac OS X TM Unix TM Linux TM FreeBSD TM Or similar.

[0143] In an exemplary embodiment, a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium is also provided, such as a memory 1932 including computer program instructions that can be executed by a processing component 1922 of an electronic device 1900 to perform the above-described method.

[0144] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0145] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0146] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0147] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0148] Various aspects of this disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this disclosure. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.

[0149] These computer-readable program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine such that, when executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, they create means for implementing the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer-readable program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that causes a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other device to operate in a particular manner; thus, the computer-readable medium storing the instructions comprises an article of manufacture that includes instructions for implementing aspects of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0150] Computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the instructions executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to perform the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes of a flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0151] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of an instruction containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0152] The various embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preventing bone cement leakage, characterized in that, include: From historical cases, determine the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information. The first surgical method includes the first surgical parameters. Based on the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient, the diffusion of bone cement after being injected into the body according to the first surgical method is simulated to obtain the first predicted morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement. Using an evaluation model, the first surgical method is evaluated based on the first predicted morphology to obtain a baseline evaluation score; Based on the benchmark assessment score, the first surgical parameters are adjusted with the aim of improving the assessment score to obtain the target surgical method.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark assessment score, with the aim of improving the assessment score, to obtain the target surgical method includes: Based on different first surgical parameters, multiple candidate surgical methods are obtained; Based on the candidate surgical methods, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after injection into the body according to the candidate surgical methods is simulated, and a number of second predicted forms characterizing the diffusion of bone cement are obtained accordingly. Using the evaluation model, each of the candidate surgical methods is evaluated based on each of the second prediction morphologies to obtain a score for each of the candidate surgical methods; The candidate surgical method corresponding to the highest score that is higher than the benchmark assessment score is selected as the target surgical method.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current patient's condition information includes: the first preoperative image; the method further includes: In the spinal alignment direction of the first preoperative image, determine the first coordinates of the four articular processes closest to the fracture site; Based on each of the first coordinates, the dividing line is determined; Using the dividing line, the fractured vertebral body image is segmented from the first preoperative image; The fractured vertebral body images were used to create a model, resulting in the preoperative three-dimensional model.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A single historical case includes: a second surgical approach, a second preoperative image, and a second postoperative image for a single historical patient, wherein the approach further includes: Based on the second postoperative images of each historical patient, the second actual morphology of the bone cement after surgery for each of the aforementioned historical patients was determined accordingly. Based on the second surgical method, second preoperative image, and second actual morphology corresponding to each historical patient, the second material parameters of the bone after surgery for each historical patient are determined, and the second material parameters are updated to the corresponding historical case.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the current postoperative images of the patient, determine the first actual morphology of the bone cement after the current postoperative period; Based on the target surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model, the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the target surgical method is simulated to obtain a third predictive morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement. Determine the difference between the first actual form and the third predicted form; Based on the difference, the first material parameter is calibrated to obtain the calibrated material parameter; Establish the current patient's historical medical record and store the calibrated material parameters and the target surgical method in the historical medical record.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: A mechanical analysis model is constructed based on the postoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebrae of the current patient. Using the aforementioned mechanical analysis model, based on the first actual shape, the stress on the fractured vertebrae after surgery under various working conditions is simulated to obtain the stress, strain, and bone cement distribution of the fractured vertebrae under each working condition, which can be used as a reference for postoperative recovery.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The individual historical case includes: second medical information of the individual historical patient, second surgical method, and second material parameters of the bone after surgery. The current patient's medical information includes: first basic information of the current patient and first medical description. Determining the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that match the current patient's medical information includes: From each of the historical cases, at least one historical case corresponding to the first basic information and the first description of the condition of the current patient is identified as a candidate case. The first surgical method and the first material parameters are obtained based on the second surgical method and the second material parameters in the candidate cases.

8. A device for preventing bone cement leakage, characterized in that, include: The first surgical method and material parameter determination unit is used to determine the first surgical method and the first material parameters of the bone after surgery that are consistent with the current patient's condition information from historical cases. The first surgical method includes the first surgical parameters. The first predictive morphology determination unit is used to simulate the diffusion of bone cement after it is injected into the body according to the first surgical method, the first material parameters, and the preoperative three-dimensional model of the fractured vertebra of the current patient, and to obtain the first predictive morphology characterizing the diffusion of bone cement. The benchmark assessment score determination unit is used to evaluate the first surgical method based on the first predicted morphology using an assessment model to obtain a benchmark assessment score. The target surgical method determination unit is used to adjust the first surgical parameters based on the benchmark evaluation score with the aim of improving the evaluation score, so as to obtain the target surgical method.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing instructions stored in the memory.

10. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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