Ray conversion target, ray source and irradiation device

Abstract

A ray conversion target (100), comprising a target body (1), a target portion (2) and a heat dissipation portion, wherein the target portion (2) is arranged inside the target body (1), and the target portion (2) has a first face and a second face arranged opposite each other, the first face being configured to generate rays; and the heat dissipation portion is configured to accommodate a heat dissipation fluid and is at least partially located on the second face of the target portion (2). A fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into N first sub-inlets (31), each of the first sub-inlets (31) being in communication with a corresponding first flow channel (32), where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Each of the first sub-inlets (31) is different from at least one of the other first sub-inlets in terms of size, and the N first sub-inlets (31) are configured to regulate the flow rate of the fluid in each first flow channel (32). Further provided are a ray source and an irradiation device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to fields of irradiation technologies, security inspection technologies, etc., and in particular to a ray conversion target, a ray source and an irradiation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a demand for industrial irradiation continuously increases and irradiation technologies continuously advance, irradiation devices have been increasingly applied in various new fields. For example, the irradiation device is used for product modification, for irradiation sterilization of food in the food industry, for irradiation breeding, yield stimulation, and radiation pest control in agriculture, for specific article inspection in the security inspection field, and for medical imaging and medical treatment in the healthcare industry.

[0003] The irradiation device is provided with an electron-ray conversion target to generate rays (such as X-rays or other rays). During the design of the electron-ray conversion target, a heat dissipation structure of the target body is an important aspect of the design. In most conventional heat dissipation designs for a ray conversion target, a water-cooled heat dissipation structure may be used, for example, using a single water channel or a plurality of water channels arranged in parallel.

[0004] During the implementation of the inventive concept of the present disclosure, the inventors have found that, due to different flow resistances in each of the plurality of water channels arranged in parallel, the flow distribution in each water channels may often be uneven, and the flow velocity distribution within a single water channel may also tend to be uneven. In a low-flow-velocity region and a dead water region where a flow velocity approaches zero, an excessive temperature rise often occurs due to excessively low heat dissipation efficiency, which may cause a conversion target to be burned out due to untimely heat dissipation. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure provides a ray conversion target, a ray source and an irradiation device.

[0006] According to an aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a ray conversion target is provided, including: a target body; a target portion disposed inside the target body, the target portion includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the first surface is configured to generate rays; and a heat dissipation portion configured to accommodate a heat dissipation fluid and at least partially located on the second surface of the target portion, a fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into N first sub-inlets, each of the first sub-inlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. A size of each of the first sub-inlets is different from a size of at least one of the other first sub-inlets, and the N first sub-inlets are configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing into each first flow channel.

[0007] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the heat dissipation portion includes: a first heat dissipation groove located on the second surface of the target portion; a second heat dissipation groove located on a side of the first heat dissipation groove, the second heat dissipation groove includes the N first sub-inlets and N first flow channels; and a third heat dissipation groove opposite to the second heat dissipation groove and located on the other side of the first heat dissipation groove. The first heat dissipation groove, the second heat dissipation groove and the third heat dissipation groove are in meandering communication with one another, and the fluid sequentially passes through the second heat dissipation groove, the first heat dissipation groove and the third heat dissipation groove to absorb heat from the target body.

[0008] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the second heat dissipation groove further includes: N-1 first partition plates, any one of the first partition plates is disposed vertically within the second heat dissipation groove. The N first sub-inlets include at least one of: a first sub-inlet defined by any two adjacent first partition plates cooperating with each other; a first sub-inlet defined by any one of the first partition plates cooperating with a first side wall of the second heat dissipation groove; or a first sub-inlet defined by any one of the first partition plates cooperating with a second side wall of the second heat dissipation groove, the second side wall is a partition plate between the second heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove, and the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall.

[0009] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the first partition plates includes: a first end portion configured to cooperate with a first end portion of an adjacent first partition plate to define the first sub-inlet, or to cooperate with the first side wall or the second side wall to define the first sub-inlet. A chamfered surface at a tip of the first end portion intersects a plate surface of the first partition plate, and when viewed from a top view direction, the tip of the first end portion is substantially triangular.

[0010] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first ramp is provided at a bottom of at least one of the first sub-inlets. The first ramp is configured to gradually rise in a fluid flow direction until being flush with a bottom of the first flow channel that is in communication with the first sub-inlet located above.

[0011] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, when the first ramp is provided below each of at least two of the first sub-inlets, a slope of any one of the first ramps is the same as or different from a slope of at least one of the other first ramps.

[0012] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the second heat dissipation groove includes N first sub-outlets in one-to-one correspondence with the N first sub-inlets, and each of the first sub-outlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel; and a second ramp is provided at a bottom of at least one of the first sub-outlets, and the second ramp is configured to gradually descend in a fluid flow direction.

[0013] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a first arcuate corner is provided at a communication point between the second heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove, and the fluid from the second heat dissipation groove enters the first heat dissipation groove after being constrained by the first arcuate corner.

[0014] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a third ramp is provided at a bottom of a fluid inlet of the first heat dissipation groove, and the third ramp is configured to gradually rise in a fluid flow direction.

[0015] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the third heat dissipation groove includes: M second flow channels; and M second sub-inlets, each of the second subinlets is in communication with a corresponding second flow channel, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. A size of each of the second sub-inlets is different from a size of at least one of the other second sub-inlets, and each of the M second sub-inlets is configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing toward the communicated second flow channel.

[0016] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the third heat dissipation groove further includes: M-1 second partition plates, any one of the second partition plates is disposed vertically within the third heat dissipation groove. The M second sub-inlets include at least one of: a second sub-inlet defined by any two adjacent second partition plates cooperating with each other; a second sub-inlet defined by any one of the second partition plates cooperating with a third side wall of the third heat dissipation groove, the third side wall is a partition plate between the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove; or a second sub-inlet defined by any one of the second partition plates cooperating with a fourth side wall of the third heat dissipation groove, the third side wall is opposite to the fourth side wall.

[0017] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the second partition plates includes: a third end portion facing a fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove, the third end portion is configured to cooperate with a third end portion of an adjacent second partition plate to define the second sub-inlet, or to cooperate with an adjacent third side wall or fourth side wall to define the second sub-inlet. When viewed from a top view direction, the third end portion is hook-shaped, and a tip of the third end portion is configured to extend arcuately from the fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove into the third heat dissipation groove to form the hook shape.

[0018] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a chamfered surface at the tip of the third end portion intersects an arcuate surface of the third end portion, and when viewed from the top view direction, the tip of the third end portion is substantially triangular.

[0019] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the M second sub-inlets include at least one of: a second sub-inlet defined by a second arcuate corner cooperating with the third end portion of an adjacent second partition plate, the second arcuate corner is disposed on the fourth side wall and located at a communication point between the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove; a second sub-inlet defined by the third end portions of any two adjacent second partition plates cooperating with each other, respective third end portions of any two second partition plates are configured to have greater arc lengths as getting closer to the second arcuate corner; or a second sub-inlet defined by the third end portion of a single second partition plate cooperating with the third side wall.

[0020] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the second heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions, and the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions.

[0021] According to another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a ray source is provided, including the ray conversion target described in any one above.

[0022] According to another aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, an irradiation device is provided, including the ray source described above.

[0023] The above-mentioned one or more embodiments have the following beneficial effects: by changing the flow path layout and structure of the heat dissipation portion, the fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into the N first sub-inlets, each first sub-inlet is in communication with a first flow channel. Since the size of each first sub-inlet is different from that of at least one of other first sub-inlets, the fluid flow rate allowed to pass through per unit time may also be different. Therefore, the fluid flow rate in the communicated first flow channel can be adjusted, avoiding the situation where the flow rate is low and the flow velocity is slow, solving the problem of excessive local temperature rise, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, and extending the service life of the X-ray conversion target. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The above and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent through the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to accompanying drawings, in which:

[0025] FIG. 1 schematically shows a flow velocity simulation diagram of an existing parallel design of a plurality of water channels;

[0026] FIG. 2 schematically shows a transverse cross-sectional view of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG. 3 schematically shows a top cross-sectional view of a heat dissipation portion of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG. 4 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG. 5 schematically shows a simplified structural diagram of a first end portion according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG. 6 schematically shows a simplified structural diagram of a second partition plate according to embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0031] FIG. 7 schematically shows a flow velocity simulation diagram of a heat dissipation fluid within a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0032] Reference numerals: A: inlet port; B: return port; 100: ray conversion target; 1: target body; 2: target portion; 3: second heat dissipation groove; 31: first sub-inlet; 32: first flow channel; 33: first partition plate; 331: first end portion; 3311: chamfered surface at a tip of a first end portion; 3312: plate surface; 34: first sub-outlet; 35: first ramp; 36: second ramp; 37: first side wall; 38: second side wall; 4: first heat dissipation groove; 41: third ramp; 5: third heat dissipation groove; 51: second flow channel; 52: second sub-inlet; 53: second partition plate; 531: third end portion; 5311: chamfered surface at a tip of a third end portion; 5312: arcuate surface; 532: rectangular portion; 54: third side wall; 55: fourth side wall; 6: first arcuate corner; 7: second arcuate corner; 8: cover plate.

[0033] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, in the accompanying drawings used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure, a size of an overall / partial structure or an overall / partial region may be enlarged or reduced, that is, the accompanying drawings may not be drawn to actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the description is merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following, description of well-known structures and technologies will be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present disclosure.

[0035] Taking an electron accelerator as an example of a ray source, as a demand for industrial irradiation continuously increases and an electron accelerator technology continuously advances, a high-power electron accelerator has been increasingly applied in various new fields. Therefore, different usage requirements also constantly impose new demands on beam power of the electron accelerator. For example, in high-power industrial irradiation or in an electron accelerator used for mineral composition analysis with an accelerator as a radiation source, an electron -X-ray conversion target is an important component of the accelerator.

[0036] Specifically, high-power, high-energy X-rays may be obtained by bombarding a high-atomic-number target material with a high-power, high-energy electron beam, releasing X-rays through a bremsstrahlung process between electrons and the material. An increase in electron beam power leads to an increase in heating power of the X-ray conversion target, thereby imposing a higher demand on a heat dissipation capability of the X-ray conversion target. Therefore, a conversion target with higher power requires a higher overall heat dissipation capability.

[0037] In the related art, referring to a flow velocity simulation diagram of an existing parallel design of multiple water channels as shown in FIG. 1, due to an uneven flow velocity within the water channel, an existing target heat dissipation structure often leads to an excessive 6 temperature rise in a low-flow-velocity region and a dead water region where a flow velocity approaches zero due to excessively low heat dissipation efficiency. As shown in FIG. 1, an irradiation working region directly faces a target portion bombarded by an electron beam. This region generates a large amount of heat and requires rapid heat dissipation. However, due to the defect of uneven flow velocity, a flow velocity in the irradiation working region is too low, and even the dead water region may be formed, making it difficult for the fluid to carry away the heat in a timely manner. Further, when the temperature rises to a boiling point of water, tiny water vapor bubbles may be generated on an inner surface of the water channel. At this time, if the small bubbles may not be carried away promptly by a water flow, heat dissipation efficiency from the target body to the water may be significantly reduced, thereby generating more bubbles, forming air locks, and ultimately leading to damage to the target body.

[0038] In some embodiments, the design for a water-cooled structure of the target body often uses methods of increasing a water flow rate, dispersing a beam over a greater surface area, or reducing heat generation per unit area to avoid excessive local temperature rise. However, the heat dissipation effect remains unsatisfactory, and such methods may cause a significant change to an original structure of the ray conversion target, thereby affecting the ray output effect.

[0039] According to the ray conversion target provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure, by changing a flow path layout and structure of a heat dissipation portion, a fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into N first sub-inlets, where each of the first sub-inlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel. Since a size of each of the first sub-inlets is different from a size of at least one of the other first sub-inlets, a fluid flow rate allowed to pass per unit time is also different, which may regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing into the first flow channel that is in communication with the sub-inlet, thereby avoiding a case of low flow rate and low flow velocity, solving the problem of excessive local temperature rise, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, and extending a service life of the ray conversion target.

[0040] FIG. 2 schematically shows a transverse cross-sectional view of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 schematically shows a top cross-sectional view of a heat dissipation portion of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 schematically shows a crosssectional view of a ray conversion target according to embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to a paper surface of FIG. 3 and parallel to a water channel direction of the irradiation working region.

[0041] In some embodiments, a ray conversion target 100 includes a target body 1, a target portion 2, and a heat dissipation portion. The target portion 2 is disposed inside the target body 1. The target portion 2 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface is configured to generate rays. The heat dissipation portion is configured to accommodate a heat dissipation fluid, and is at least partially located on the second surface of the target portion 2. A fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into N first subinlets 31, and each of the first sub-inlets 31 is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel 3, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. A size of each of the first sub-inlets 31 is different from a size of at least one of the other first sub-inlets, and the N first sub-inlets 31 are configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing into each first flow channel 32. For example, after regulating the flow rate, a flow velocity of the fluid in each first flow channel 32 may be substantially the same.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 2, in an operating state, a high-energy electron beam is vertically incident on the first surface of the target portion 2, so that the target portion 2, formed of, for example, a copper material, generates X-rays, while a portion of the high-energy electrons become back-bombarding electrons. The first surface may be a substantially planar surface. The bombardment of the high-energy electrons raises temperature of the target portion 2. Heat generated by the target portion 2 may be transferred from the target body 1, for example, from the first surface to a part of the heat dissipation portion on the second surface, and is carried away by the fluid in the heat dissipation portion, thereby preventing the temperature of the target portion 2 from rising rapidly.

[0043] Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the second surface and the first surface are two opposite surfaces of the target portion 2. When a heat dissipation fluid flows within the heat dissipation portion, the second surface of the target portion 2 is in direct contact with the fluid, and a portion of the heat is carried away by the fluid, thereby lowering the temperature of the second surface of the target portion 2, resulting in a temperature difference between the first surface and the second surface of the target portion 2. Heat from the target portion 2 is rapidly transferred from the first surface to the second surface of the target portion 2, thereby suppressing the temperature rise on the first surface of the target portion 2.

[0044] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, at least one first sub-inlet 31 gradually narrows in a fluid flow direction until being connected to the flow channel that is in communication therewith, thereby increasing the flow rate while achieving gradual transition inside the flow channel. Alternatively, any two first sub-inlets 31 have different sizes, thereby regulating the fluid flow rate per unit time, and achieving the effects of changing parameters 8 such as flow resistance, flow velocity and flow rate within the flow channel that is in communication therewith.

[0045] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, when a fluid from an inlet port A flows out, a fluid flow rate or a flow velocity thereof in various directions is different. By providing a size of each first sub-inlet 31 to intercept the flow rate adapted to the flow channel that is in communication therewith, the effect of uniform flow velocity among the flow channels may be realized.

[0046] For example, a certain flow channel may receive a small flow rate before providing the N first sub-inlets 31, resulting in the formation of a low-velocity region inside and poor heat dissipation effect. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first subinlet 31 of the flow channel is enlarged to allow more fluids to enter, thereby increasing the flow velocity. Accordingly, in other flow channels, the first sub-inlets 31 may be enlarged or reduced according to actual flow velocity conditions.

[0047] In some embodiments, a high atomic number material such as gold or tungsten may be provided on a surface of the target portion 2. For example, a gold layer is provided on a surface of a copper target portion 2, thereby forming a composite target portion 2, and a higher dosage of X-rays may be obtained using the high-energy electron beam of the same energy.

[0048] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, when a working region of the target portion 2 of the ray conversion target 100 remains unchanged, by changing the layout and structure of the water channels behind it, the flow velocity of the fluid in each first flow channel 32 may be substantially the same, thereby solving the problem of excessive local temperature rise, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, and extending the service life of the ray conversion target 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2, the heat dissipation portion includes a first heat dissipation groove 4, a second heat dissipation groove 3 and a third heat dissipation groove 5. The first heat dissipation groove 4 is located on the second surface of the target portion 2. The second heat dissipation groove 3 is located on a side of the first heat dissipation groove 4 and includes the N first sub-inlets 31 and the N first flow channels 32. The third heat dissipation groove 5 is disposed opposite to the second heat dissipation groove 3 and located on the other side of the first heat dissipation groove 4. The first heat dissipation groove 4, the second heat dissipation groove 3, and the third heat dissipation groove 5 are in meandering communication, the fluid sequentially passes through the second heat dissipation groove 3, the first heat dissipation groove 4, and the third heat dissipation groove 5 to absorb the heat from the target body 1.

[0050] For example, the meandering communication may include serpentine, curved, or S-shaped communication methods. Furthermore, the first heat dissipation groove 4, the second heat dissipation groove 3, and the third heat dissipation are formed as a serial fluid channel, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven flow velocity present in the parallel design of multiple water channels.

[0051] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3, the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the first heat dissipation groove 4 are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions, and the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the first heat dissipation groove 4 are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, an equivalent cross-section of either a comb-tooth shaped water channel (i.e., the second heat dissipation groove 3) in a water inlet region or a comb-tooth shaped water channel (i.e., the third heat dissipation groove 5) in a water return region is greater than an equivalent cross-section of a water channel (i.e., the first heat dissipation groove 4) in an irradiation working region, which may increase the flow velocity in the first heat dissipation groove 4.

[0053] For example, any one of the first heat dissipation groove 4, the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the third heat dissipation groove 5 may have vertical or inclined side walls. In other words, any one of the heat dissipation grooves may have an inverted trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, a rectangular cross-sectional shape, or a cross section of other shapes.

[0054] For example, the heat dissipation fluid may be a liquid, such as water with a large specific heat. When a local region of the target portion 2, such as the first surface, forms a high temperature due to bombardment by the high-energy electron beam, the water in contact with the target portion 2 may locally vaporize and boil to form an air gap, which may greatly weaken the heat dissipation effect. Since the water channels are provided in series, when bubbles are generated, they may be forcibly carried away by a high-speed water flow, thereby preventing the formation of air locks that would reduce the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second heat dissipation groove 3 further includes N-1 first partition plates 33, any one of the first partition plates 33 is disposed vertically inside the second heat dissipation groove 3. Any two adjacent first partition plates 33 cooperate with each other and / or a side wall of the second heat dissipation groove 3 cooperates with an adjacent first partition plate 33 to define the N first sub-inlets 31 and the N first flow channels 32.

[0056] For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the N first sub-inlets 31 include at least one of: a first sub-inlet 31 defined by any two adjacent first partition plates 33 cooperating with each other; a first sub-inlet 31 defined by any one of the first partition plates 33 cooperating with a first side wall 37 of the second heat dissipation groove 3; or a first sub-inlet 31 defined by any one of the first partition plates 33 cooperating with a second side wall 38 of the second heat dissipation groove 3, where the second side wall 38 is a partition plate between the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the first heat dissipation groove, and the first side wall 37 is opposite to the second side wall 38.

[0057] For example, being disposed vertically may include the first partition plate 33 being perpendicular to a bottom of the second heat dissipation groove 3. The first partition plates 33 may include a copper material. Referring to FIG. 3, by providing the N-1 first partition plates 33, together with the plurality of first flow channels 32 in the second heat dissipation groove 3, a comb-tooth shaped water channel is formed, which may increase an effective contact area between the fluid and the copper, expand an effective heat dissipation area, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0058] In some embodiments, the target body 1 and the first partition plates 33 may be formed as an integrated structure, so that the heat generated by the target portion 2 may be transferred more rapidly.

[0059] FIG. 5 schematically shows a simplified structural diagram of a first end portion 331 according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0060] In some embodiments, the target body 1 is provided with an inlet port A communicating with the N first sub-inlets 31. At least one first partition plate 33 includes a first end portion 331 close to the inlet port A, and the first end portion 331 is configured to cooperate with a first end portion 331 of an adjacent first partition plate 33 to define the first sub-inlet 31, or to cooperate with the first side wall 37 or the second side wall 38 to define the first sub-inlet 31. A tip of the first end portion 331 is chamfered to form a chamfered surface 3311 intersecting a plate surface 3312 of the first partition plate 33. When viewed from above, the tip of the first end portion 331 is substantially triangular.

[0061] In some embodiments, the chamfered surfaces 3311 at the tips of the first end portions 331 of any two adjacent first partition plates 33 have the same or different degrees of inclination.

[0062] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 5, the top view direction is indicated by the arrow shown in FIG. 5. By providing different chamfered angles, a size of the first sub-inlet 31 may be correspondingly changed. The smaller the angle at the tip, the greater the degree of inclination, which may reserve a greater space for fluid flow, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating flow rate and flow velocity.

[0063] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the size of the first subinlet 31 may be changed by chamfering the tip of the first end portion 331, and a fluid entry angle may be further flexibly adjusted by the degree of inclination of the chamfered surface 3311 at the tip, thereby regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of each comb-tooth water channel and reducing water resistance. Such an arrangement may avoid a problem of reduced heat dissipation efficiency and excessive local temperature rise caused by a large flow rate in an outer water channel and a reduced flow rate in an inner water channel. At the same time, such an arrangement may enable a uniform water flow velocity in the irradiation working region, with no low-flow-velocity regions, thereby preventing the formation of air locks.

[0064] In some embodiments, a first ramp 35 is provided at a bottom of at least one of the first sub-inlets 31, and the first ramp 35 is configured to gradually rise in the fluid flow direction until being flush with a bottom of the first flow channel 32 which is in communication with the first sub-inlet 31 located above.

[0065] In some embodiments, when the first ramp 35 is provided below each of at least two of the first sub-inlets 31, a slope of any one of the first ramps 35 is the same as or different from a slope of at least one of the other first ramps 35.

[0066] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing an inclined ramp in a depth direction, a space for accommodating the fluid is increased, and the slope is adaptively adjusted according to each flow channel, thereby regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity of each comb-tooth water channel, reducing water resistance, and preventing the formation of air locks.

[0067] In some embodiments, the second heat dissipation groove 3 includes N first suboutlets 34 (e.g., located at a second end portion of the first partition plate) corresponding one-to-one with the N first sub-inlets 31, and each of the first sub-outlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel 32. A second ramp 36 is provided at a bottom of at least one of the first sub-outlets 34, and the second ramp 36 is configured to gradually descend in the fluid flow direction.

[0068] In some embodiments, when the second ramp 36 is provided at the bottom of each of at least two of the first sub-outlets 34, a slope of any one of the second ramps 36 is the same as or different from a slope of at least one of the other second ramps 36.

[0069] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing an inclined ramp in a depth direction of the sub-outlet, a space for accommodating the fluid is increased, and the slope is adaptively adjusted according to each flow channel, thereby reducing flow resistance and facilitating fluid outflow.

[0070] In some embodiments, the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the first heat dissipation groove 4 are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions. A first arcuate corner 6 is provided at a communication point between the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the first heat dissipation groove 4, and a fluid from the second heat dissipation groove 3 enters the first heat dissipation groove 4 after being constrained by the first arcuate corner 6.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 3, distances between each first flow channel 32 and a fluid inlet of the first heat dissipation groove are different. By providing the first arcuate corner 6 to constrain the fluid flowing out from each first flow channel 32, the fluid flow velocity may be made uniform in each region after entering the first heat dissipation groove.

[0072] In some embodiments, a third ramp 41 is provided at the bottom of the fluid inlet of the first heat dissipation groove 4, and the third ramp 41 is configured to gradually rise in the fluid flow direction. The third ramp 41 may provide a buffer for the fluid and increase a space at the fluid inlet in the depth direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the arrow on the right side indicating the “ramp” points the fluid inlet portion of the irradiation working region.

[0073] In some embodiments, the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the first heat dissipation groove 4 are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions, and the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the second heat dissipation groove 3 are substantially parallel to each other and have the same fluid flow direction. The third heat dissipation groove 5 includes M second flow channels 51 and M second sub-inlets 52. Each of the second sub-inlets 52 is in communication with a corresponding second flow channel 51, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. A size of each of the second sub-inlets 52 is different from a size of at least one of the other second sub-inlets 52, and each of the M second sub-inlets 52 is configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing into the communicated second flow channel 51, for example, to make the flow velocity of the fluid in each second flow channel 51 substantially the same. Different sizes of two second sub-inlets 52 mean different fluid flow rates per unit time.

[0074] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing the M second flow channels 51 and the M second sub-inlets 52 in the third heat dissipation groove 5, the flow velocity of the fluid in each second flow channel 51 may be substantially the same, and the fluid in the heat dissipation portion may quickly carry away the heat, thereby preventing the formation of air locks, and improving the heat dissipation capability.

[0075] In some embodiments, the third heat dissipation groove 5 further includes M-1 second partition plates 53, and any one of the second partition plates 53 is disposed vertically inside the third heat dissipation groove 5. Any two adjacent second partition plates 53 cooperate with each other and / or a side wall of the third heat dissipation groove 5 cooperates with an adjacent second partition plate 53 to define the M second sub-inlets 52 and the M second flow channels 51.

[0076] For example, the M second sub-inlets 52 include at least one of: a second subinlet 52 defined by any two adjacent second partition plates 53 cooperating with each other; a second sub-inlet 52 defined by any one of the second partition plates 53 cooperating with a third side wall 54 of the third heat dissipation groove 5, where the third side wall 54 is a partition plate between the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the first heat dissipation groove; or a second sub-inlet 52 defined by any one of the second partition plates 53 cooperating with a fourth side wall 55 of the third heat dissipation groove 5, where the third side wall 54 is opposite to the fourth side wall 55.

[0077] For example, being disposed vertically includes the second partition plates 53 being perpendicular to a bottom of the third heat dissipation groove 5. The second partition plates 53 may include a copper material. Referring to FIG. 3, by providing the M-1 second partition plates 53, together with the plurality of second flow channels 51 in the third heat dissipation groove 5, a comb-tooth shaped water channel is formed. This may increase an effective contact area between the fluid and the copper, expand an effective heat dissipation area, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0078] FIG. 6 schematically shows a simplified structural diagram of a second partition plate 53 according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0079] In some embodiments, at least one second partition plate 53 includes a third end portion 531 facing a fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove 4. The third end portion 531 is configured to cooperate with a third end portion 531 of an adjacent second partition plate 53 to define the second sub-inlet 52, or to cooperate with an adjacent third side wall to define the second sub-inlet 52. When viewed from above, the third end portion 531 is hook-shaped, and a tip of the third end portion 531 is configured to extend arcuately from the fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove 4 into the third heat dissipation groove 5 to form the hook shape.

[0080] In some embodiments, the tip of the third end portion 531 is chamfered to form a chamfered surface 5311 intersecting an arcuate surface 5312 of the third end portion 531. When viewed from above, the tip of the third end portion 531 is substantially triangular.

[0081] In some embodiments, the chamfered surfaces 5311 at the tips of the third end portions 531 of any two adjacent second partition plates 53 have the same or different degrees of inclination.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 6, the top view direction is indicated by the arrow shown in FIG. 6. By providing different chamfered angles, a size of the second sub-inlet 52 may be correspondingly changed. The smaller the angle at the tip, the greater the degree of inclination, which may reserve a greater space for fluid flow, thereby achieving the purpose of regulating the flow rate and the flow velocity.

[0083] In some embodiments, the third end portions 531 of any two adjacent second partition plates 53 have different arc lengths and / or different radians.

[0084] Continuing to refer to FIG. 6, the arc length may be a length of an arc corresponding to a radian. Further, the arc length is a length from the tip to a junction between the hook shape and a straight portion of the second partition plate 53.

[0085] In some embodiments, a second arcuate corner 7 is provided at a communication point between the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the first heat dissipation groove 4, and the fluid from the first heat dissipation groove 4 enters the third heat dissipation groove 5 after being constrained by the second arcuate corner 7.

[0086] Referring to FIG. 3, distances between each region of the water channel (i.e., the first heat dissipation groove 4) of the irradiation working region in a vertical direction as shown in the figure and the fluid inlet of the comb-tooth shaped water channel (i.e., the third heat dissipation groove 5) of the water return region may be different. By providing the second arcuate corner 7 to constrain the fluid flowing out from the water channel of the irradiation working region, the fluid flow velocity may be made uniform in each flow channel after entering the third heat dissipation groove.

[0087] In some embodiments, the M second sub-inlets 52 include at least one of:

[0088] a second sub-inlet 52 defined by the second arcuate corner 7cooperating with the third end portion 531 of an adjacent second partition plate 53, where the second sub-inlet 52 is arcuate and has a shape matching the second arcuate corner 7;

[0089] a second sub-inlet 52 defined by the third end portions 531 of any two adjacent second partition plates 53 cooperating with each other, where the second sub-inlet 52 is arcuate and has a shape matching the hook shapes of the two third end portions 531 that form the second sub-inlet 52; or

[0090] a second sub-inlet 52 defined by cooperation between the third end portion 531 of a single second partition plate 53 cooperating with the third side wall 54, where the third side wall 54 is a partition plate between the third heat dissipation groove 5 and the first heat dissipation groove 4.

[0091] For any one arcuate second sub-inlet 52, the inlet start is located at the tip of the third end portion 531, and the inlet end is located at a contact point between the third end portion 531 and the straight portion of the partition plate, for example, the junction between the hook shape and the straight portion of the second partition plate 53 as shown in FIG. 3.

[0092] In some embodiments, the respective third end portions 531 of any two second partition plates 53 are configured to have greater arc lengths as getting closer to the second arcuate corner 7.

[0093] Referring to FIG. 3, two second partition plates 53 are shown. The second partition plate 53 adjacent to the second arcuate corner 7 has a greater arc length, and the two cooperate to define an inlet flow channel with a longer flow path. The second partition plate 53 closer to the third side wall 54 has a smaller arc length, the second partition plate 53 cooperates with the other second partition plate 53 to define an inlet flow channel with a shorter flow path, and the second partition plate itself defines an inlet flow channel with the shortest flow path. This allows adaptation to flow velocities in different regions, thereby regulating the flow velocities among the second flow channels 51.

[0094] In some embodiments, a fourth ramp is provided below at least one second subinlet 52, and the fourth ramp gradually rises in the fluid flow direction until being flush with the bottom of the second flow channel 51, thereby increasing a space of the second sub-inlet 52 and buffering the fluid. In some embodiments, when fourth ramps are provided below at least two second sub-inlets 52, a slope of one of the fourth ramps is different from a slope of at least one of the other fourth ramps.

[0095] In some embodiments, depth directions of the M second flow channels 51 extend toward the first surface, where a depth of any one of the second flow channels 51 is different from a depth of at least one of the other second flow channels 51. In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction within the third heat dissipation groove 5, the second flow channel 51 closest to the target portion 2 is configured to have the shallowest depth. In other embodiments, the fluid outlet of at least one second flow channel of the third heat dissipation groove is provided with a fifth ramp that gradually descends in the fluid flow direction, and is located near the fluid outlet of the comb-tooth shaped water channel in the water return region labeled "ramp" on the right side shown in FIG. 3.

[0096] In some embodiments, the depth directions of the N first flow channels 32 extend toward the first surface, where a depth of any one of the first flow channels 32 is different from a depth of at least one of the other first flow channels 32. In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction within the second heat dissipation groove 3 and perpendicular to the depth direction of the flow channel, the first flow channel 32 closest to the target portion 2 is configured to have the shallowest depth.

[0097] The depth of each second flow channel 51 may be adapted to the structure of the target body 1, so as to avoid altering the structure of the target body 1. Moreover, flow channels of different depths have different volumes for fluid. In addition, more copper materials may be reserved at the bottom of the shallowest flow channel, thereby facilitating rapid heat transfer from the first surface of the target portion 2 to the heat dissipation portion.

[0098] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to FIGS. 2 to 6, the bottom of the heat dissipation groove, the second partition plate 53, and the third side wall 54 are in contact with the fluid to increase the heat dissipation area, respectively. At the same time, since the fluid is split into a plurality of flow channels within the second heat dissipation groove 3 and the third heat dissipation groove 5, the flow velocity of the fluid is increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0099] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a top surface of an outer side portion of the target body and a top surface of the heat dissipation portion are located in a same plane. The X-ray conversion target may further include a cover plate 8 disposed on the top surface of the outer side portion of the target body and the top surface of the heat dissipation portion. When the cover plate 8 covers the top surface of the outer side portion of the target body and the top surface of the heat dissipation portion, the cover plate may serve to fix and seal the target. The cover plate 8 may be a stainless steel plate.

[0100] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, referring to FIGS. 2 to 7, the heat dissipation fluid is in direct contact with the second surface of the target portion 2. A large amount of heat generated on the first surface of the target portion 2 due to bombardment by the high-energy electron beam is transferred to the fluid in the heat dissipation portion, thereby avoiding a rapid temperature rise of the target portion 2. Microstructures such as the first sub-inlets 31, the first flow channels 32, various ramps, and the second sub-inlets 52 are provided to regulate the flow rate and flow velocity of each comb-tooth water channel and reduce the water resistance. Such an arrangement may avoid a problem of excessive local temperature rise caused by reduced heat dissipation efficiency. At the same time, such an arrangement may enable a uniform water flow velocity in the irradiation working region, with no low-flow-velocity regions, thereby preventing the formation of air locks.

[0101] In some embodiments, an ultra-thin foam copper spraying (or sintering) process may be used in the heat dissipation portion to form a microporous structure, thereby further increasing the effective heat dissipation area. At the same time, the heat dissipation performance of the water channel may be further enhanced using the flow boiling heat transfer capability of the foam copper, thereby maximizing the removal of heat from the target region and reducing localized thermal concentration.

[0102] In some embodiments, the inlet port A and a return port B are arranged diagonally, and a distance between a top of the inlet port A and the first surface is less than a distance between a top of the outlet port and the first surface. Therefore, the heat dissipation portion as a whole operates in a series, low-inlet and high-outlet mode. A plurality of combtooth flow channels are provided in each of the water inlet region (i.e., the second heat dissipation groove 3) and the water return region (i.e., the third heat dissipation groove 5), and the two regions are mirror-symmetrical structures. Taking the water inlet region as an example, two water channels of 3 mm x 11 mm are designed on the outside of the water channel (i.e., the first heat dissipation groove 4) of the irradiation working region, and one water channel of 3 mm x 5 mm is designed on the inside thereof. The tops of the three water channels are interconnected with each other, so as to enable the water flow to better infiltrate each water channel.

[0103] FIG. 7 schematically shows a flow velocity simulation diagram of a heat dissipation fluid within the ray conversion target 100 according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0104] Referring to FIG. 7, the heat dissipation portion as a whole operates in a series, low-inlet and high-outlet mode. A plurality of comb-tooth water channels are provided in each of the water inlet region and the water return region. Due to design requirements, the water channel in the central irradiation working region is designed as a single water channel to avoid blocking rays. Through the design of the comb-tooth structure, the water flow distribution in the water inlet region is regulated. Combined with the arcuate corner at the end of the water inlet region, a uniform water flow in the irradiation working region with no low-flow-velocity regions may be ensured. An arcuate comb-tooth structure is provided at an inlet of the water return region, which may effectively reduce the flow resistance and regulate the flow rate of each water channel in the water return region, so as to enable the water flow to be as uniform as possible within the water channels.

[0105] As shown in FIG. 3, the water inlet region and the water return region are designed as the comb-tooth water channels, and microstructures such as water flow entry angles, ramps, and specially shaped water dividers are provided to regulate the water entry angle and the flow resistance of each water channel, thereby achieving the purpose of water flow distribution.

[0106] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the designed heat dissipation structure of the electron-ray conversion target 100 realizes less flow resistance within the flow channels, significantly increased water flow velocities at the inlet and outlet compared to the existing parallel structures, and a more uniform overall flow velocity within each flow channel. The series flow channel design reduces a difficulty of flow path design. The bubbles generated instantaneously during beam extraction are forcibly carried away by the high-speed flow, thereby suppressing a possibility of further deterioration of the heat dissipation environment. By adding the comb-tooth heat dissipation structure and treating the inner surfaces of the flow channels, boiling heat transfer is introduced, while a surface area for heat dissipation contact between the fluid and the target body 1 is increased, so as to enable the heat to be carried away more quickly and efficiently. In practical use, the service life of the target is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

[0107] In some embodiments, a ray source is provided, including the ray conversion target according to any of the above-mentioned embodiments. In some embodiments, an irradiation device including the ray source is provided.

[0108] In some embodiments, the irradiation device provided by the present disclosure may be used for mineral composition analysis. In other embodiments, the irradiation device provided by the present disclosure may be used as a security inspection device in the field of security inspection. For example, objects to be inspected include vehicles, luggage, etc.

[0109] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations and / or incorporations of features recited in various embodiments and / or claims of the present disclosure may be made, even if such combinations or incorporations are not explicitly recited in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present disclosure, various combinations and / or incorporations of the features recited in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present disclosure may be made. All of the combinations and / or incorporations fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0110] The above-mentioned embodiments are for illustrative purposes only, and are not used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although embodiments are described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in various embodiments may not be 19 used advantageously in combination. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, and these substitutions and modifications should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A ray conversion target, comprising:a target body;a target portion disposed inside the target body, wherein the target portion comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the first surface is configured to generate rays; anda heat dissipation portion configured to accommodate a heat dissipation fluid and at least partially located on the second surface of the target portion, wherein a fluid inlet of the heat dissipation portion is divided into N first sub-inlets, each of the first sub-inlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2,wherein a size of each of the first sub-inlets is different from a size of at least one of the other first sub-inlets, and the N first sub-inlets are configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing into each first flow channel.

2. The ray conversion target according to claim 1, wherein the heat dissipationportion comprises:a first heat dissipation groove located on the second surface of the target portion;a second heat dissipation groove located on a side of the first heat dissipation groove, wherein the second heat dissipation groove comprises the N first sub-inlets and N first flow channels; anda third heat dissipation groove opposite to the second heat dissipation groove and located on the other side of the first heat dissipation groove; andwherein the first heat dissipation groove, the second heat dissipation groove and the third heat dissipation groove are in meandering communication with one another, and the fluid sequentially passes through the second heat dissipation groove, the first heat dissipation groove and the third heat dissipation groove to absorb heat from the target body.

3. The ray conversion target according to claim 2, wherein the second heatdissipation groove further comprises:N-1 first partition plates, wherein any one of the first partition plates is disposedvertically within the second heat dissipation groove; andwherein the N first sub-inlets comprise at least one of:a first sub-inlet defined by any two adjacent first partition plates cooperating with each other;a first sub-inlet defined by any one of the first partition plates cooperating with a first side wall of the second heat dissipation groove; ora first sub-inlet defined by any one of the first partition plates cooperating with a second side wall of the second heat dissipation groove, wherein the second side wall is a partition plate between the second heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove, and the first side wall is opposite to the second side wall.

4. The ray conversion target according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the firstpartition plates comprises:a first end portion configured to cooperate with a first end portion of an adjacent first partition plate to define the first sub-inlet, or to cooperate with the first side wall or the second side wall to define the first sub-inlet; andwherein a chamfered surface at a tip of the first end portion intersects a plate surface of the first partition plate, and when viewed from a top view direction, the tip of the first end portion is substantially triangular.

5. The ray conversion target according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a first ramp isprovided at a bottom of at least one of the first sub-inlets, andwherein the first ramp is configured to gradually rise in a fluid flow direction until being flush with a bottom of the first flow channel that is in communication with the first sub-inlet located above.

6. The ray conversion target according to claim 5, wherein when the first ramp isprovided below each of at least two of the first sub-inlets, a slope of any one of the first ramps is the same as or different from a slope of at least one of the other first ramps.

7. The ray conversion target according to claim 2, wherein the second heatdissipation groove comprises N first sub-outlets in one-to-one correspondence with the N first sub-inlets, and each of the first sub-outlets is in communication with a corresponding first flow channel; andwherein a second ramp is provided at a bottom of at least one of the first suboutlets, and the second ramp is configured to gradually descend in a fluid flow direction.

8. The ray conversion target according to claim 2, wherein a first arcuate corner isprovided at a communication point between the second heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove, and the fluid from the second heat dissipation groove enters the first heat dissipation groove after being constrained by the first arcuate corner.

9. The ray conversion target according to claim 8, wherein a third ramp is providedat a bottom of a fluid inlet of the first heat dissipation groove, and the third ramp is configured to gradually rise in a fluid flow direction.

10. The ray conversion target according to claim 2, wherein the third heatdissipation groove comprises:M second flow channels; andM second sub-inlets, wherein each of the second sub-inlets is in communication with a corresponding second flow channel, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and wherein a size of each of the second sub-inlets is different from a size of at least one of the other second sub-inlets, and each of the M second sub-inlets is configured to regulate a flow rate of the fluid flowing toward the communicated second flow channel.

11. The ray conversion target according to claim 10, wherein the third heatdissipation groove further comprises: M-1 second partition plates, wherein any one of the second partition plates is disposed vertically within the third heat dissipation groove; and wherein the M second sub-inlets comprise at least one of:a second sub-inlet defined by any two adjacent second partition plates cooperating with each other;a second sub-inlet defined by any one of the second partition plates cooperating with a third side wall of the third heat dissipation groove, wherein the third side wall is a partition plate between the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove; ora second sub-inlet defined by any one of the second partition plates cooperating with a fourth side wall of the third heat dissipation groove, wherein the third side wall is opposite to the fourth side wall.

12. The ray conversion target according to claim 11, wherein at least one of thesecond partition plates comprises: a third end portion facing a fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove, wherein the third end portion is configured to cooperate with a third end portion of an adjacent second partition plate to define the second sub-inlet, or to cooperate with an adjacent third side wall or fourth side wall to define the second sub-inlet; and.             wherein when viewed from a top view direction, the third end portion is hookshaped, and a tip of the third end portion is configured to extend arcuately from the fluid outlet of the first heat dissipation groove into the third heat dissipation groove to form the hook shape.

13. The ray conversion target according to claim 12, wherein a chamfered surfaceat the tip of the third end portion intersects an arcuate surface of the third end portion, and when viewed from the top view direction, the tip of the third end portion is substantially triangular.

14. The ray conversion target according to claim 12, wherein the M second subinlets comprise at least one of:a second sub-inlet defined by a second arcuate corner cooperating with the third end portion of an adjacent second partition plate, wherein the second arcuate corner is disposed on the fourth side wall and located at a communication point between the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove;a second sub-inlet defined by the third end portions of any two adjacent second partition plates cooperating with each other, wherein respective third end portions of any two second partition plates are configured to have greater arc lengths as getting closer to the second arcuate corner; ora second sub-inlet defined by the third end portion of a single second partition plate cooperating with the third side wall.

15. The ray conversion target according to claim 2, wherein the second heatdissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions, and the third heat dissipation groove and the first heat dissipation groove are substantially parallel to each other and have opposite fluid flow directions.

16. A ray source, comprising the ray conversion target according to any one ofclaims 1 to 14.

17. An irradiation device, comprising the ray source according to claim 15.

Images