TRANSFORMER AND MOBILE PLATFORM COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE TRANSFORMER

Description

1 / 11 TRANSFORMER AND MOBILE PLATFORM COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE TRANSFORMER Field of application

[001] The present invention belongs to the field of electrical transformers, more specifically to the constructive elements of medium voltage transformers, notably medium voltage transformers used in power generation stations arranged on transportable platforms, also known as SKID-type platforms. Fundamentals of the invention

[002] Electrical voltage or potential transformers are electromagnetic devices used to transform a high-value electrical voltage into a low-value voltage and vice versa, while maintaining the same phase relationship between the primary and secondary voltages.

[003] Mobile platforms for photovoltaic power generation plants generally comprise a metal base or chassis on which the equipment necessary for power transformation is arranged, comprising at least one transformer mounted on an oil basin and connected, on its primary side, to a low-voltage main switchboard by means of a low-voltage busbar and, on its secondary side, to a high-voltage switchgear by means of cables or busbars.

[004] Currently, conventional transformers for renewable energy applications on skid-type platforms traditionally have their high-voltage outputs and their respective high-voltage connections or bushings located in the upper region of the transformer. This results in significant electrical distances between the high-voltage output and the high-voltage switchgear, meaning that longer conductors are needed to connect the high-voltage bushings to the high-voltage switchgear. This implies increased costs and... Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 12 / 30 2 / 11 construction volume and reduced platform versatility during assembly, transport and operation.

[005] Furthermore, traditional construction also compromises safety due to the greater exposure of conductors, equally affecting the lifespan of high-voltage bushings, since the operating temperature in the upper region of the transformer is higher than in the lower region. The use of cables or busbars between the high-voltage outputs mounted on the upper part of the transformer and the high-voltage cubicle does not allow for the placement of radiators on the part of the transformer wall where these cables or busbars run, as some transformers need to allow access to the upper part of the transformer. This cooling limitation can even result in a transformer with less power due to cooling limitations.

[006] Finally, but no less importantly, it is worth mentioning that the traditional construction of transformers imposes limitations on access for operation and maintenance of bushings and cables or busbars.

[007] The challenge, therefore, lies in designing a transformer for applications of the nature discussed here that is more compact, safe, economical, practical and long-lasting, without compromising the efficiency and effectiveness of the transformer. State of the art

[008] The state-of-the-art solutions for the arrangement of high-voltage outputs and their subsequent connection to the high-voltage switchgear include the high-voltage outputs and bushings located on the upper part of the transformer, implying the aforementioned disadvantages and problems.

[009] Some examples are patent documents BR 112022009686, BR 112018071985-4, PI 0513628, among others, which repeat the conventional construction of transformers of the nature discussed here, including the Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 13 / 30 3 / 11 high voltage outputs arranged in an exposed manner on the top of the transformer.

[010] As can be inferred from the description above, there is room and demand for a transformer for use on SKID-type platforms that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular that it is compact and economical, that it provides a direct connection between the high-voltage output and the high-voltage cubicle, that it increases safety and accessibility in operation and maintenance through this positioning and the reduction of the exposed area of ​​high-voltage conductors, that it increases the reliability and service life of high-voltage bushings, and that it makes it possible to increase the efficiency of heat exchange through the use of more radiators. Objectives of the invention

[011] One of the objectives of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a transformer, according to the characteristics of claim 1 of the attached claims.

[012] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a mobile platform comprising at least one transformer, according to the characteristics of claim 6 of the attached claims.

[013] Other features and details of the features are represented by the dependent claims. Brief description of the figures

[014] For a better understanding and visualization of the object of the present invention, it will now be described with reference to the attached figures, representing the technical effect obtained through an exemplary embodiment that is not limiting the scope of the present invention, in which, schematically: Figure 1: shows a front view of a transformer according to the invention; Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 14 / 30 4 / 11 Figure 2: shows a side view of the transformer from Figure 1, with the protective box in partial section; Figure 3: shows a front view of a bushing box according to the invention; Figure 4: shows a right side view of the bushing box from Figure 1; Figure 5: shows a left side view of the bushing box from Figure 1; Figure 6: shows a rear view of the bushing box from figure 1; Figure 7: shows a top view of the bushing box from figure 1; Figure 8: shows a front view of a protective box according to the invention; Figure 9: shows a left side view of the protective box from figure 8; Figure 10: shows a right side view of the protective box from figure 8; Figure 11: shows a rear view of the protective box from figure 8; Figure 12: shows a top view of the protective box in Figure 8; and Figure 13: presents a perspective view of a mobile platform according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention

[015] The detailed description below refers to the attached drawings in which, by way of illustration and not limitation, embodiments are represented. Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 15 / 30 5 / 11 of the embodiment of the present invention. These embodiments are described in such a way as to allow a person skilled in the art to reproduce its results. Other embodiments resulting from structural, mechanical, logical, electrical and electronic changes are possible and can be carried out without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The detailed description that follows should therefore not be understood in a restrictive or limiting manner.

[016] The present invention relates to a transformer (100) and a mobile platform (300) comprising at least one transformer (100).

[017] In the context of the present invention, the term “transformer” refers, in a broad sense, to a three-phase electromagnetic device used for transforming a low-value electrical voltage into a high-value electrical voltage and / or vice versa, comprising a casing, one or more fluid reservoirs, radiators, one or more fluid circuits and the devices, equipment, accessories, fluids, insulators, conductors, covers, seals, one or more primary coils and one or more primary sides, one or more secondary coils and one or more secondary sides, bushings, cables, busbars, eyelets, hooks, bases and other elements necessary for its operation, fixing, transport and maintenance, in a manner known to the state of the art.

[018] Still within the context of the present invention, a transformer (100) is, but without limiting the invention, a voltage step-up transformer.

[019] The transformer (100) of the invention therefore comprises one or more of the elements described above and necessary for its operation, fixing, transport and maintenance which may or may not be referenced and / or described in detail and thus may or may not be represented in the attached figures. Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 16 / 30 6 / 11

[020] The transformer (100) of the invention comprises a casing (110) and at least one high-voltage output (200) disposed in the lower part of the casing (110) of the transformer (100), preferably, but without limiting the invention, on one of the larger sides of the casing (110), the transformer (100) being connected, on its primary side, to a low-voltage switchboard (300) by means of low-voltage cables or busbars (310) and, on its secondary side, to a high-voltage cubicle (400) by means of high-voltage cables or busbars (410) being disposed of and guided inside closed conduits or channels (410-1) and connected directly to the high-voltage output (200), in which, in this way, the high-voltage cables or busbars (410) directly and securely connect the high-voltage output (200) and the high-voltage cubicle (400), this connection being made in the lower part of the transformer. (100) and the high voltage cubicle (400).

[021] The transformer (100) may also comprise one or more radiators (500) arranged on its sides.

[022] In the context of the present invention, the term “high voltage output” refers, in a broad sense, to the set of high voltage outputs which, in the case of a three-phase transformer, are three high voltage outputs.

[023] In the context of the present invention, the term “low voltage” refers, in a broad sense, to the primary of the transformer, not to be confused with the operating voltage level (low, medium, high) of the transformer unit.

[024] In the context of the present invention, the term “high voltage” refers, in a broad sense, to the secondary of the transformer, not to be confused with the operating voltage level (low, medium, high) of the transformer unit.

[025] In the context of the present invention, the term “high voltage bushing” refers, in a broad sense, to electrical equipment located at the high voltage output. Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 17 / 30 7 / 11 voltage transformers are used to allow the conduction of electrical energy between different insulating media, where their function basically consists of isolating the voltages between the phases and the grounded parts of the transformer, allowing transition between the external environment and its interior.

[026] In the context of the present invention, the term “high voltage cubicle” refers, in a broad sense, to the high voltage switchgear that receives the cabling or busbar from the high voltage output, wherein the high voltage cubicle is preferably, but without limiting the invention, located on the side of the connection with the collector substation of the alternative energy generating park, for example, but without limiting the invention, a photovoltaic park.

[027] The high voltage output (200) located at the bottom of the housing (110) of the transformer (100) comprises at least one bushing box (210), at least one output connector for each phase and to which is connected at least one high voltage bushing (230) for each phase, and at least one protective box (240).

[028] The bushing box (210) is fixed in a non-removable manner to the lower part of the transformer casing (110), comprising a left side wall (211), a right side wall (212), a rear wall (213) facing the transformer casing (110) (100), and provided with at least one passage (214) for each phase, a front wall (215) opposite the rear wall (213) provided with at least one passage (216) for each phase, a lower wall (217) and an upper wall (218) provided with at least one inspection cover (219).

[029] The passages (214) in the rear wall (213) allow the passage of the high-voltage bushings (230) and transformer oil into the bushing box (210), cooling the oil-immersed end of the high-voltage bushings (230), while the passages (216) in the front wall (215) allow the Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 18 / 30 8 / 11 passage of the opposite ends of the high-tension bushings (230) in a manner sealed against fluids out of the bushing housing (210). It should be noted that the sealing of the passages (216) in relation to the bushing housing (210) can be done by any sealing means known in the prior art and suitable for the application, such as, for example, but without limiting the invention, flanges (220) equipped with a seal.

[030] The inspection cover (219) is a cover that is removablely attached to the upper wall (218) and sealed against fluids, allowing easy and safe access to the high-tension bushings (230) for maintenance, replacement or repairs. It should be noted that the inspection cover (219) can be attached to the upper wall (218) by any known fastening method suitable for the application. The sealing of the inspection cover (219) in relation to the bushing box (210) can be done by any known sealing method suitable for the application.

[031] The protective box (240) is removablely attached to the front wall (215) of the bushing box (210), comprising a right side wall (241), a left side wall (242) having at least one smaller side cover (243) and at least one larger side cover (244), a rear wall (245) having at least one passage opening (246) for the passage of the high-voltage bushings (230), a front wall (247) opposite the rear wall (245), a bottom wall (248) and a top wall (249). It should be noted that the removable attachment of the protective box (240) to the bushing box (210) can be made by any fastening method known in the prior art and suitable for the application.

[032] The smaller side cover (243) and the larger side cover (244) are removablely attached to the left side wall (242), and are removed to allow connection of the high voltage cables or busbars (410) to the Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 19 / 30 9 / 11 high-voltage bushings (230) and also allow the fixing of closed conduits or channels (410-1) or any other elements for conducting and protecting high-voltage cabling or busbars (410) such as, for example, but without limiting the invention, cable trays and / or conduits and other similar items suitable for the application. In this way, the high-voltage output will be completely isolated and protected. In addition, the protective box (240) with a split cover (243, 244) for the output of high-voltage cables or busbars (410) allows the disconnection of the high-voltage terminals without the need to disassemble the terminals and / or cable terminations.

[033] Finally, the present invention also relates to a mobile platform (300) comprising at least one transformer (100). The mobile platform (300) is preferably, but without limitation to the invention, of the SKID type in the form of a chassis comprising a base (310) on which are mounted at least one transformer (100) of the invention, at least one low-voltage switchboard (600) and at least one high-voltage cubicle (400), in addition to other devices or equipment necessary for the operation of the transformer unit, such as, for example, but without limitation to the invention, low-voltage cables or busbars (610), high-voltage cables or busbars (410), oil collection basin, electrical panels, protection relays, changeover switches and the like.

[034] Thus, it is evident that the transformer (100) of the invention overcomes the disadvantages of the relevant prior art, providing a more compact, safe, economical, practical and long-lasting solution, without compromising the efficiency and effectiveness of the transformer (100).

[035] The advantages of the invention's solution in relation to its prior art counterparts are: Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 20 / 30 10 / 11 a. Direct connection of the high voltage output (200) with the high voltage cubicle (400), this connection being made at the bottom of the transformer (100) and the high voltage cubicle (400); b. Cost reduction due to savings on copper conductors; c. Increased safety due to the smaller exposed area of ​​high-voltage conductors; d. Reduction of the dimensions of the mobile platform (300); e. Increased reliability and service life of high voltage bushings (230), due to the contact of their ends with the transformer's cooled oil (100); f. Greater accessibility for field inspection and maintenance; g. Increased thermal efficiency of the transformer (100), since with the positioning of the high voltage output (200) at the bottom of the transformer (100), it is possible to place radiators (500) on the side of the transformer where the high voltage output (200) is located, above the high voltage output (200); h. Protective box (240) with split cover (243, 244) for high voltage cable or busbar outlets (410) allows disconnection of high voltage terminals without the need to disassemble the terminals and / or cable terminations; and i. Bushing box (210) with inspection cover (219) allows the installation of high-voltage bushings (230) and internal inspection of the bushing box (210). Conclusion

[036] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that modifications can be made to the present invention without thereby departing from it. Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 21 / 30 11 / 11 of the concepts set forth in the description above. These modifications should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention. Consequently, the particular embodiments described in detail above are only illustrative and exemplary and not limiting as to the scope of the present invention, to which the full extent of the appended claims and any and all equivalents thereof should be given. Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 22 / 30

Claims

1 / 2 CLAIMS 1. Transformer, comprising a casing (110), the transformer (100) being connected, on its primary side, to a low-voltage main switchboard (300) by means of low-voltage cables or busbars (310) and, on its secondary side, to a high-voltage cubicle (400) by means of high-voltage cables or busbars (410), characterized by comprising at least one high-voltage output (200) disposed in the lower part of the casing (110) of the transformer (100), wherein the high-voltage cables or busbars (410) are disposed and guided inside closed conduits or channels (410-1), wherein the high-voltage cables or busbars (410) directly and securely connect the high-voltage output (200) and the high-voltage cubicle (400) in the lower part of the transformer (100) and the high-voltage cubicle (400).

2. Transformer, according to claim 1, characterized in that the high voltage output (200) comprises at least one bushing box (210), at least one output connector for each phase and to which is connected at least one high voltage bushing (230) for each phase, and at least one protective box (240).

3. Transformer, according to claim 2, characterized in that the bushing box (210) comprises a left side wall (211), a right side wall (212), a rear wall (213) facing the transformer casing (110) (100), and provided with at least one passage (214) for each phase, a front wall (215) opposite the rear wall (213) provided with at least one passage (216) for each phase, a bottom wall (217) and an top wall (218) provided with at least one inspection cover (219).

4. Transformer, according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective box (240) is removablely fixed to the front wall (215) of the bushing box (210), comprising a right side wall (241), a Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, page 23 / 30 2 / 2 left side wall (242) provided with at least one smaller side cover (243) and at least one larger side cover (244), a rear wall (245) provided with at least one passage opening (246) for the passage of high voltage bushings (230), a front wall (247) opposite the rear wall (245), a lower wall (248) and an upper wall (249).

5. Transformer, according to claim 4, characterized in that the smaller side cover (243) and the larger side cover (244) are removablely attached to the left side wall (242).

6. Mobile platform, characterized by comprising at least one transformer (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Mobile platform, according to claim 6, characterized by being of the SKID type in the form of a chassis comprising a base (310) on which are mounted at least one transformer (100), at least one low-voltage switchboard (600) and at least one high-voltage cubicle (400). Petition 870240108723, dated 12 / 19 / 2024, pp. 24 / 30

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