Intelligent energy management system for homes and electric vehicle charging.

Description

1 / 8 Intelligent energy management system for homes and electric vehicle charging. Technological sector of invention

[001] The present invention belongs to the sector of home automation and power management between housing units and EVs / BEVs, and refers, more specifically, to an energy management system that monitors the consumption of the residence and the parking space, automatically adjusting the power distribution. With sensors, it reduces the energy supplied to the electric vehicle charger when residential demand is high and redirects excess power to charging the car when demand is low. Automated by the management module, the system ensures efficient and balanced energy use, even during peak consumption, by constantly monitoring the apartment's consumption. State of the art

[002] Smart chargers for electric vehicles, combined with power management systems, play an essential role in the transition to electric mobility, enabling efficient, sustainable charging that is integrated with the use of the electricity grid. These systems are designed to automatically prioritize energy distribution among multiple loads, integrate with existing electrical infrastructure, and offer real-time monitoring of consumption and performance.

[003] One of the main challenges lies in automatic load prioritization. Although the goal is to ensure that the most critical loads receive power first, setting priorities depends on algorithms that cannot always effectively interpret the variables involved, such as the state of charge of vehicles, the number of connected devices, and fluctuations in grid demand. This can lead to inappropriate decisions, such as delays in charging essential vehicles or wasted energy on non-priority loads.

[004] Integration with existing electrical infrastructure is also a significant problem. Many networks were not designed to support dynamic demand. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 6 / 26 Two-thirds of smart chargers are increasingly common, resulting in capacity limitations and overload risks. The lack of standardization in connections and protocols between chargers and the electrical infrastructure also hinders large-scale implementation and increases adaptation costs.

[005] Real-time monitoring, while one of the greatest advantages of these systems, presents its own challenges. It requires advanced sensor and communication technologies that are not always reliable or accessible. Problems such as connectivity failures, delays in data processing, and limitations in predictive analysis can compromise the system's efficiency. Furthermore, constant monitoring increases the risk of cyber vulnerabilities, as connected systems are subject to potential intrusions or manipulation.

[006] Despite these challenges, the combination of smart chargers and power management systems represents a crucial advance for electric mobility. Solutions such as improved prioritization algorithms, modernization of electrical infrastructure, and the development of more robust monitoring and security technologies will be essential to overcome these barriers and ensure efficient and reliable use of electricity.

[007] For example, patent document BR 112021018281-0 discloses an apparatus and a method for managing the power output of a converter, having an electrical input power sensor to measure the power drawn from a residential electrical input, a power draw prediction module, a power provision controller managing power allocation to restrict a current level output by the power converter so as to prevent the power drawn from the electrical input from exceeding a predefined limit in the event of the largest probable jump in power drawn, a user interface allowing a user to request changes to said current level output by the power converter to charge an electric vehicle, wherein the power provision controller makes suggestions to said user to adjust Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 7 / 26 3 / 8 of the aforementioned extracted power and requires the user to confirm the aforementioned changes in order to reallocate the aforementioned allocation according to the user's settings.

[008] The method for managing power consumption at an electrical input using a power converter of BR 112021018281-0 comprises the following steps: measuring the power drawn at the electrical input to determine the total power consumption of a network connected to the electrical input; determining the value of a maximum probable jump in the power drawn using the total power consumption at the electrical input; managing a power allocation of the converter to restrict a power output by said power converter to prevent the power drawn by the electrical input from exceeding a predefined limit should the maximum probable jump in the power drawn occur; in response to receiving a request from a user to apply changes to the power allocation, providing suggestions to said user to adjust said power drawn; receiving confirmation from said user regarding the adjustment;Reallocate the aforementioned power allocation based on the agreement request.

[009] Another document to be mentioned is US20110133693 which discloses an electric vehicle charging station installed in a residence coupled to a main circuit breaker in an electrical service panel.The charging station includes a charging point connection that couples an electric vehicle to a power cable assembly that supplies electricity from the power grid to the residence; an attached current control device to control the amount of electrical current that can be drawn from the power cable assembly by the electric vehicle via the charging point connection; a receiver to receive power readings from one or more current monitors that indicate the amount of current being drawn from the power cable assembly; and a set of control modules to cause the current control device to regulate the amount of current that can be drawn by the electric vehicle via the charging point connection based on the received power readings, in order to prevent the main circuit breaker from tripping. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 8 / 26 4 / 8

[010] Furthermore, US20110221393 discloses an electric vehicle charging system that includes logic colocated with an electric service panel to monitor the current total value of electric current consumption of all electric consumers below a point on the service panel; a first input to receive the current value of electric current consumption from the logic colocated with the service panel and compare the current value of electric current consumption with the maximum current capacity value of the service panel; a second input to receive electric current from the service panel; an output to provide electric charging power to at least one electric vehicle;and a logic to define an electric charging current drawn from the service panel by the second input and supplied to the electric vehicle's charging output for a value lower than the difference between the maximum current capacity of the service panel and the sum of the current consumption value and the current consumption value of the largest expected electrical consumer. New Invention Details

[011] In contrast to prior inventions, the system of the invention has a reader that allows bidirectional power management, both from the unit to the vehicle and from the vehicle to the unit. It can be integrated into the home automation system, expanding its functionality. In addition, it uses Artificial Intelligence to manage and maintain the power balance between the unit and the vehicle, ensuring efficiency in energy exchange. The system also allows the input of load values ​​to determine the necessary power and allows the selection of the use or shutdown of household appliances to prioritize the use of the load in the vehicle.

[012] In turn, the present invention discloses an energy management system that offers a practical and efficient solution for optimizing electricity consumption in residential and commercial units, especially in scenarios involving the charging of electric vehicles. With advanced functionalities, the system allows for the automatic prioritization of energy distribution between the vehicle and the demands of the residential unit, according to parameters. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 9 / 26 5 / 8 configurable. This means that essential devices and the electric vehicle charger receive power intelligently, reducing the risk of overload and maximizing consumption efficiency.

[013] One of the main advantages is its simplified integration, since the system is compatible with the existing electrical infrastructure, eliminating the need for major changes or upgrades to the installation. This compatibility not only facilitates implementation, but also reduces initial costs and the time required to install the equipment.

[014] In addition, real-time monitoring via an app gives the user complete control over energy consumption. The app allows adjusting and configuring the distribution of electrical power according to available demand, as well as sending alerts about the vehicle's charging status. This connectivity makes the system more accessible and convenient, enabling quick and informed decisions to optimize energy consumption.

[015] The system is centralized in a cabinet that houses the module responsible for power management intelligence, powered directly by the utility company through the electricity meter. This technical configuration ensures robustness and full integration with the local electrical grid.

[016] From a technical standpoint, the system eliminates the need for investments in electrical infrastructure upgrades, making energy management more accessible and efficient. Functionally, it allows for the charging of electric vehicles while automatically adjusting the power supply to household appliances and other devices, preventing overloads. Economically, it reduces costs by minimizing the need for additional infrastructure. Environmentally, it promotes the use of electric vehicles and optimizes energy consumption, contributing to a reduction in the carbon footprint.

[017] In this way, the energy management system combines technical efficiency, intelligent functionality and a positive environmental impact, meeting modern demands for sustainability and savings in the use of electrical energy. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 10 / 26 6 / 8 Description of the attached figure

[018] In order for the present invention to be fully understood and put into practice by any technician in this technological sector, it will be described in a clear, concise and sufficient manner, based on the attached figure, which illustrates and supports it, listed below: Figure 1 represents a flowchart of the system's operation. Detailed description of the invention.

[019] The system consists of a three-phase socket for power supply from the electrical grid; a three-phase socket for power supply to the unit, for connection between the residential unit and the module; an electric meter; a control module that carries the intelligence and energy distribution management; a current passage module and cable support for the car; an electronic interface for management on the module itself; an electric car charging socket, which can be coupled to different types of fittings; demand sensors that monitor energy consumption in real time; and an emergency button, an emergency trigger on the passage module.

[020] The energy management system receives energy from the electrical grid and monitors consumption in the residence and parking space. Using sensors, it detects when demand in the residential unit is high and reduces the power supplied to the electric car charger.

[021] When demand in the home is low, it redirects and manages excess power to charge the vehicle. This process is automated by the power management module, ensuring efficient and balanced use of the calculated available power.

[022] The mobile app interface allows the user to monitor in real time, adjust priority settings, and select the available charge level for the electric vehicle, in addition to various functions, such as real-time monitoring that displays the energy consumption of the residence and the electric vehicle (EV) charger, as well as presenting detailed graphs and statistics on consumption. Regarding priority management, the system Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 11 / 26 7 / 8 allows you to define which consumption patterns have priority, such as household or EV charger, and configure usage profiles for different periods.

[023] Intelligent scheduling is another important feature, allowing you to schedule charging during off-peak hours or tariffs and create automatic routines based on usage patterns. Alerts and notifications are also integrated, warning about approaching consumption limits, notifying the vehicle's charging status, and alerting about consumption anomalies.

[024] In addition, the system features weather forecast integration, adjusting energy use according to predicted weather conditions. The remote control offers the ability to turn vehicle charging on or off and control smart home devices conveniently and efficiently.

[025] With predictive analysis, the system uses machine learning to predict consumption patterns and automatically optimize energy distribution. It also provides savings recommendations, suggesting customized adjustments and tips to maximize energy efficiency.

[026] Another feature is integration with dynamic pricing, allowing you to synchronize tariff information in real time and adjust consumption to take advantage of lower-cost periods. The system also offers detailed reports, generating monthly analyses of consumption and savings, as well as comparing performance with previous periods or regional averages.

[027] Setting limits allows you to establish maximum consumption restrictions per device or period, while renewable energy integration allows you to integrate sources such as solar energy into the overall management. There is also the option of data sharing, which makes it possible to send consumption information to the utility company.

[028] The system offers support and maintenance with detailed diagnostics and scheduling of preventive maintenance. Finally, the gamification functionality implements a points and challenges system to encourage energy efficiency, promoting greater user engagement. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 12 / 26 8 / 8

[029] It is important to emphasize that the figures and descriptions provided do not limit the ways in which the inventive concept now proposed can be implemented, but rather illustrate and make understandable the conceptual innovations revealed in this solution. Thus, the descriptions and images should be interpreted in an illustrative and not limiting way, and there may be other equivalent or analogous ways of implementing the inventive concept now revealed that do not fall outside the scope of protection outlined in the proposed solution. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 13 / 26

Claims

1 / 1 CLAIM 1- INTELLIGENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR RESIDENCES AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING, characterized by comprising a three-phase socket for power supply from the electrical grid; a three-phase socket for power supply to the unit, for connection between the residential unit and the module; an electric meter; a control module that carries the intelligence and energy distribution management; a current passage module and cable support for the car; an electronic interface for management on the module itself; an electric car charging socket, which can be coupled to different types of connections; demand sensors that monitor energy consumption in real time; and an emergency button, an emergency trigger on the passage module. Petition 870250001794, dated 09 / 01 / 2025, page 14 / 26

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