A new type of CNC machine tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel CNC machine tool, comprising: a bed with workstations, a clamping device, a crossbeam and a spindle box for installing a tool; the crossbeam is slidably installed on the bed after crossing the workstations, and the clamping device is installed on the crossbeam; the spindle box is slidably installed on the bed; wherein the sliding direction of the crossbeam is perpendicular to the axis of the crossbeam, and the sliding direction of the spindle box is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the crossbeam. The clamping device is driven by the crossbeam to move to realize the movement of the X (or Y axis), and the movement of the spindle box is realized by the movement of the Y (or X). Auxiliary positioning components (such as a pad iron used to drag the workpiece to make the clamping more firm and reliable) can be set on the workbench; in this way, the workbench does not move, and the moving clamping device can realize the movement (feeding) in the X and Y directions, reduce power, and save energy consumption. In addition, when cutting the workpiece, the spindle box and the crossbeam can be moved simultaneously at a certain speed ratio, so as to obtain a curved edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a novel numerical control machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The most basic CNC machine tools have X, Y, and Z feed directions. Among the technologies used to achieve feed in these three directions, the Z direction is often the vertical movement of the tool (the tool is placed in the spindle box with functional components that assist the tool work, and the vertical movement of the tool is dragged by the lifting and moving of the spindle box); for feed in the X and Y axis directions, traditional designs often use the movement of the entire workbench, that is, the power is used to drag the entire workbench (station-the place for clamping workpieces) in the X or Y direction to achieve the X or Y direction movement of the machine tool.

[0003] However, the overall dragging of the workbench in the X or Y direction, on the one hand, the workbench is too heavy, which will lead to excessive energy consumption and increased production costs; on the other hand, the power system for dragging the overall workbench is too complicated and not conducive to maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a novel CNC machine tool to overcome at least one defect (shortcoming) of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A new type of CNC machine tool comprises: a bed with workstations, a clamping device, a crossbeam and a spindle box for installing a tool;

[0006] The crossbeam is slidably installed on the bed after crossing the workstations, and the clamping device is installed on the crossbeam; the spindle box is slidably installed on the bed; wherein the sliding direction of the crossbeam is perpendicular to the axis of the crossbeam, and the sliding direction of the spindle box is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the crossbeam.

[0007] The crossbeam and the spindle box are dragged by a power device (gear drive, belt drive or screw drive, etc.); the workpiece is clamped in the clamping device, and the crossbeam feeds toward the spindle box, so that the tool on the spindle box can be processed; the clamping device is driven by the crossbeam to move to achieve the movement of the X (or Y axis), and the movement of the spindle box is achieved by the movement of the Y (or X). Auxiliary positioning components can be set on the workbench (such as shims used to drag the workpiece to make the clamping more firm and reliable); in this way, the workbench does not move, and the mobile clamping device can achieve movement (feeding) in the X and Y directions, reducing power and saving energy consumption. In addition, when cutting the workpiece, the spindle box and the crossbeam can be moved simultaneously at a certain speed ratio to obtain a curved edge.

[0008] In some embodiments, the spindle box is installed at the edge of the workstation. During processing, the clamping device sends the clamped workpiece to the edge of the workstation for processing, which is more suitable for cutting (cutting the entire sheet into fine units with composite requirements).

[0009] In some embodiments, a pressing plate is also included, which is installed on the bed after crossing the workstation, and a gap is set between the pressing plate and the workstation; the axis of the pressing plate (the axis of the cross section of the pressing plate) is parallel to the axis of the crossbeam (the axis of the cross section). The pressing plate is used as an auxiliary clamping device. When the workpiece is relatively large, one end of the workpiece is clamped by the clamping device and sent through the movement of the crossbeam, and the other end of the workpiece passes through the gap and is pressed by the pressing plate, so that vertical fixation can be achieved.

[0010] In some embodiments, the clamping device includes a cylinder, a movable clamping block, a fixed clamping block, and a slide rail fixed on the crossbeam; the fixed clamping block is fixed to the slide rail; the clamping surface of the movable clamping block is directly opposite to the clamping surface of the fixed clamping block; wherein the movable clamping block is slidably mounted on the slide rail, the cylinder body of the cylinder is mounted on the movable clamping block, and the telescopic rod of the cylinder is connected to the fixed clamping block; wherein the sliding direction of the movable clamping block along the slide rail is parallel to the axial direction of the telescopic rod. The fixed clamping block is arranged on the track of the movable clamping block moving with the telescopic rod.

[0011] After the telescopic rod is extended, the cylinder and the movable clamping block move away from the fixed block together, and one end of the workpiece is placed between the clamping surfaces of the fixed clamping block and the movable clamping block. The cylinder is then driven to retract the telescopic rod, and the movable clamping block clamps the workpiece. A slider is used here to fix the fixed clamping block connected to the telescopic rod at the same time, which can increase the rigidity and stability of the clamping device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the movable clamping block is provided with a step, and the fixed clamping block is provided with a boss that cooperates with the step; and a switch is provided on the vertical side wall of the step.

[0013] The step is a through groove with a right angle section cut out from the edge of the movable clamping block; when the workpiece is completely placed in the step, the edge of the workpiece will collide with the switch, and the switch can obtain a message, which is linked to the electrical control system. After obtaining the information, it indicates that the workpiece has been placed in place, and then the cylinder is automatically controlled to move and clamp.

[0014] In some embodiments, it also includes a first motor, a first gear and a first rack; the first gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the first motor, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack; the first motor is fixed to the beam, the first rack is fixed to the bed, and the first rack is parallel to the sliding direction of the beam.

[0015] In some embodiments, it also includes a second motor, a second gear and a second rack; the second gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the second motor, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the second motor is fixed to the spindle box, the second rack is fixed to the bed, and the second rack is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box.

[0016] The above adopts gear and rack transmission as the power to drive the movement of the crossbeam and the spindle box. Compared with the traditional screw transmission, it has better rigidity and is not easy to bend.

[0017] In some embodiments, two supporting cylinders are installed on the bed, and the telescopic rods of the two supporting cylinders are respectively connected to the two ends of the pressing plate. The gap between the pressing plates can be adjusted by the telescopic rods of the supporting cylinders to suit workpieces of different thicknesses.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pressure plate also includes a bearing, a fine-adjustment pressure rod installed on the inner ring of the bearing at both ends, a bearing seat for installing the bearing, a spring and a screw; the stud of the screw passes through the pressure plate and the spring in sequence and then connects to the bearing seat; wherein the connection between the screw and the pressure plate is a gap connection.

[0019] One end of the spring is against the back of the pressure plate, and the other end is against the bearing seat. When the workpiece is pressed, the workpiece is pressed by the fine-adjusting pressure rod. When the workpiece is partially bent or uneven, it rebounds, and the rebound force presses the spring against the fine-adjusting pressure rod, moving in the opposite direction, so that the screw reacts and moves in the opposite direction to prevent the reverse force from damaging the pressure plate when the positive stress is released due to the unevenness of the workpiece.

[0020] In some embodiments, the workstation is placed in a horizontal plane, and there are more than two support beams spaced apart at the workstations; the clamping device is installed at the crossbeam directly above two adjacent support beams; the tool is vertically installed on the spindle box, and the movement direction of the telescopic rod is the vertical direction; wherein, the fixed clamping block is sunk into the gap (strictly speaking, it should be a gap or a gap) between two adjacent support beams, and the step surface of the fixed clamping block is flush with the upper surface of the support beam.

[0021] The above is more suitable for processing plates with larger areas. The plates are laid on the support beams and supported by the support beams. After the plates are placed on the plane of the support beams, the sides of the plates penetrate into the step surface of the fixed clamping block of the clamping device, and the cylinder is driven to make the telescopic rod drive the movable clamping block to press down, so that the plates are clamped between the movable clamping block and the fixed clamping block, and the tail end of the plates is clamped; then the crossbeam drives the holding device to move and feed the plates to the spindle box, and the spindle box slides to complete the cutting process. This solves the problem of traditional large plate clamping and inconvenient processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a novel CNC machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The partial enlarged schematic diagram of the new CNC machine tool A is shown;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an implementation of a clamping device of a novel CNC machine tool is shown;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a clamping plate of a novel CNC machine tool;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a clamping device of a novel CNC machine tool at position B;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the exploded view of the pressure plate of the clamping device of the new CNC machine tool is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent. In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be said that the internal connection of two components is connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a new type of CNC machine tool includes: a bed 10 provided with a workstation 50, a clamping device 40, a beam 401 and a spindle box 20 for installing a tool; the beam 401 spans the workstation 50 and is slidably installed on the bed 10, and the clamping device 40 is installed on the beam 401; the spindle box 20 is slidably installed on the bed 10; wherein, the sliding direction of the beam 401 is perpendicular to the axis of the beam 401, and the sliding direction of the spindle box 20 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the beam 401.

[0031] The sliding connection mentioned above can be realized by designing a guide rail on the bed 10, and then designing a guide rail slider that matches the guide rail on the spindle box or the crossbeam. Specifically, it can be realized by using a dovetail groove and a dovetail slide rail, or by using other square grooves and corresponding sliders. The spindle box 20 can be installed at the edge of the workstation 50.

[0032] As described above, the workstation 50 is a position for installing a workpiece, which may be a rectangular plane (or a border area thereof is a rectangle), a beam spanning one set of sides of the rectangle and parallel to another set of sides, and a spindle box installed on the edge of the rectangle.

[0033] More preferably, as an auxiliary fixation, a pressing plate 30 is also included, which is installed on the bed 10 after spanning the workstation 50, and a gap is set between the pressing plate 30 and the workstation 50; the axis of the pressing plate 30 is parallel to the axis of the beam 401 (the pressing plate 30 and the beam 401 are set in parallel).

[0034] Regarding the clamping device 40, the following embodiment may be adopted:

[0035] like Figure 3 The clamping device 40 includes a cylinder 43, a movable clamping block 42, a fixed clamping block 41, and a slide rail 46 fixed to the crossbeam 401 (this installation can be to directly fix the slide rail to the crossbeam or to fix it indirectly through a bracket); the fixed clamping block is fixed to the slide rail; the clamping surface of the movable clamping block 42 and the clamping surface of the fixed clamping block 41 are opposite (the clamping surface is the surface of the movable clamping block 42 and the fixed clamping block 41 that are opposite to each other and are used to clamp the workpiece together);

[0036] The movable clamping block 42 is slidably installed on the slide rail 46, the cylinder body of the cylinder 43 (the cylinder barrel in the cylinder used for inflation, the telescopic rod can extend out of the cylinder barrel or retract into the cylinder barrel) is installed on the movable clamping block 42 (the end surface of the telescopic rod of the cylinder body of the cylinder can be installed on the movable clamping block 42), and the telescopic rod 44 of the cylinder 43 is connected to the fixed clamping block 41; wherein, the sliding direction of the movable clamping block 42 along the slide rail 46 is parallel to the axial direction of the telescopic rod 44.

[0037] In addition, the fixed clamping block 41 is provided with a step 411, and the movable clamping block 42 is provided with a boss 412 that matches the step 411; a switch 48 is provided on the vertical side wall of the step 411. As for the shape of the step 411, Figure 3 As shown, the cross section of the step 411 is a vertical surface (or a square cross section), which runs through the thickness of the fixed clamping block 41, and its top surface is the clamping surface; the bottom surface of the boss 412 is the clamping surface.

[0038] The crossbeam and the spindle box are dragged by a power device (gear drive, belt drive or screw drive, etc.); the workpiece is clamped in the clamping device, and the crossbeam feeds toward the spindle box, so that the tool on the spindle box can be processed; the clamping device is driven by the crossbeam to move to achieve the movement of the X (or Y axis), and the movement of the spindle box is achieved by the movement of the Y (or X). Auxiliary positioning components can be set on the workbench (such as shims used to drag the workpiece to make the clamping more firm and reliable); in this way, the workbench does not move, and the mobile clamping device can achieve movement (feeding) in the X and Y directions, reducing power and saving energy consumption. In addition, when cutting the workpiece, the spindle box and the crossbeam can be moved simultaneously at a certain speed ratio to obtain a curved edge.

[0039] For the movement of the crossbeam and the spindle box, this technology provides a power embodiment:

[0040] That is, the power of the beam includes: a first motor, a first gear and a first rack; the first gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the first motor, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack; the first motor is fixed to the beam 401, the first rack is fixed to the bed 10, and the first rack is parallel to the sliding direction of the beam 401.

[0041] The power of the spindle box: includes a second motor, a second gear and a second rack; the second gear is installed on the rotating shaft of the second motor, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the second motor is fixed to the spindle box 20, the second rack is fixed to the bed 10, and the second rack is parallel to the sliding direction of the spindle box 20.

[0042] Referring to 4 to 6 , the pressing plate is further designed to include two supporting cylinders 304 installed on the bed 10 , and telescopic rods of the two supporting cylinders 304 are respectively connected to two ends of the pressing plate 30 .

[0043] Furthermore, the pressure plate 30 also includes bearings 315 (two bearings, a first bearing and a second bearing), a fine-adjustment pressure rod 316 whose two ends are respectively installed on the inner ring of the bearing 315 (the first bearing and the second bearing), a bearing seat 314 (two bearing seats, a first bearing seat and a second bearing seat) for installing the bearing 315, a spring 313 (two springs, a first spring and a second spring) and a screw 311 (two screws, a first screw and a second screw); the stud of the screw 311 passes through the pressure plate 30 and the spring 313 (through the central gap of the spring) in sequence and then connects to the bearing seat 314; wherein, the connection between the screw 311 and the pressure plate 30 is a gap connection (specifically, the pressure plate has a through hole, and the screw passes through the through hole and is gap-matched with the through hole).

[0044] One end of the spring is against the back of the pressure plate, and the other end is against the bearing seat. When the workpiece is pressed, the fine-adjusting pressure rod presses the workpiece. When the workpiece is partially bent or uneven, it rebounds, and the rebound force presses the spring against the fine-adjusting pressure rod, so that the screw reacts and moves in the opposite direction to prevent the reverse force from damaging the pressure plate when the positive stress is released due to the unevenness of the workpiece. Or Figure 5 As shown, a housing 312 with a cylindrical inner cavity is added, a through hole for the screw to pass through is set on the top of the housing 312, and the bottom is open. The housing is inverted on the pressure plate, and the spring 313 is placed in the housing. The screw passes through the through hole of the housing and the center of the spring in sequence and then connects to the bearing seat. The two ends of the spring can be against the top of the housing and the bearing seat. The nut of the screw can be against the outer edge of the through hole to prevent the spring from falling off.

[0045] Furthermore, the workstation is placed on a horizontal plane, and there are more than two support beams distributed at intervals between the workstations. The clamping device is installed at the crossbeam directly above the two adjacent support beams; the tool is installed vertically on the spindle box, and the movement direction of the telescopic rod is the vertical direction; wherein, the fixed clamping block sinks into the interval between the two adjacent support beams (strictly speaking, it should be a gap or clearance), and the step surface of the fixed clamping block is flush with the upper surface of the support beam. When in use, it is more suitable for processing plates with a larger area. The plate is laid on the support beam and supported by the support beam. After the plate is placed on the plane of the support beam, the side of the plate penetrates into the step surface of the fixed clamping block of the clamping device, and the cylinder is driven to make the telescopic rod drive the movable clamping block to press down, so that the plate is clamped between the movable clamping block and the fixed clamping block, and the tail end of the plate is clamped; then the crossbeam drives the holding device to move and feed the plate to the spindle box, and the spindle box slides to complete the cutting process. It solves the problem of traditional large plate clamping and inconvenient processing.

[0046] In the figure, the description of the positional relationship is only for illustrative purposes and should not be understood as a limitation on this patent; obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of CNC machine tool, It is characterized in that include: A bed (10) provided with a work station (50), a crossbeam (401) of a clamping device (40), and a spindle box (20) for installing a tool; The crossbeam (401) spans across the workstation (50) and is then slidably mounted on the bed (10), and the clamping device (40) is mounted on the crossbeam (401); The spindle box (20) is slidably mounted on the bed (10); Wherein, the sliding direction of the crossbeam (401) is perpendicular to the axis of the crossbeam (401), and the sliding direction of the main shaft box (20) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the crossbeam (401); The spindle box (20) is installed at the edge of the work station (50); It also includes a pressing plate (30), wherein the pressing plate (30) is installed on the bed (10) after spanning the workstation (50), and a gap is provided between the pressing plate (30) and the workstation (50); The axis of the pressing plate (30) is parallel to the axis of the crossbeam (401); The clamping device (40) comprises a cylinder (43), a movable clamping block (42), a fixed clamping block (41), and a slide rail (46) fixed on the crossbeam (401); the fixed clamping block (41) is fixed on the slide rail (46); The clamping surface of the movable clamping block (42) and the clamping surface of the fixed clamping block (41) are directly opposite to each other; The movable clamping block (42) is slidably mounted on the slide rail (46), the cylinder body of the cylinder (43) is mounted on the movable clamping block (42), and the telescopic rod (44) of the cylinder (43) is connected to the fixed clamping block (41); wherein the sliding direction of the movable clamping block (42) along the slide rail (46) is parallel to the axis of the telescopic rod (44); The fixed clamping block (41) is provided with a step (411), and the movable clamping block (42) is provided with a boss (412) that matches the step (411); A switch (48) is provided on the side wall of the step (411); Also includes a first motor, a first gear and a first rack; The first gear is mounted on the rotating shaft of the first motor, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack; the first motor is fixed to the crossbeam (401), the first rack is fixed to the bed (10), and the sliding direction of the first rack is parallel to the crossbeam (401); Also includes a second motor, a second gear and a second rack; The second gear is mounted on the rotating shaft of the second motor, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack; the second motor is fixed to the spindle box (20), the second rack is fixed to the bed (10), and the sliding direction of the second rack is parallel to the spindle box (20); When cutting a workpiece, the spindle box (20) and the crossbeam (401) can be moved simultaneously at a certain speed ratio, thereby obtaining a curved edge; It also includes two supporting cylinders (304) installed on the bed (10), and the telescopic rods of the two supporting cylinders (304) are respectively connected to the two ends of the pressing plate (30); The pressure plate (30) further comprises a bearing (315), a fine-adjusting pressure rod (316) with two ends respectively mounted on the inner ring of the bearing (315), a bearing seat (314) for mounting the bearing (315), a spring (313) and a screw rod (311); The stud of the screw rod (311) passes through the center of the pressure plate (30) and the spring (313) in sequence and then connects to the bearing seat (314); wherein the connection between the screw rod (311) and the pressure plate (30) is a gap connection; The workstation (50) is placed in a horizontal plane, and two or more support beams are spaced apart at the workstation (50), and the clamping device (40) is installed at a crossbeam (401) just above two adjacent support beams; The tool is vertically mounted on the spindle box (20), and the movement direction of the telescopic rod (44) is the vertical direction; The fixed clamping block (41) is sunk into the gap between two adjacent support beams, and the step (411) surface of the fixed clamping block (41) is flush with the upper surface of the support beam.

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