Potato and peanut harvester

Abstract

A potato and peanut harvester comprises a frame, a hanging frame is arranged at the rear end of the frame, a plow frame is arranged at the front end of the frame, a potato conveyor is arranged at the rear side of the frame, a feeding port of the potato conveyor corresponds to the discharging end at the upper end of the plow frame, and the discharging end of the potato conveyor extends to the outside of the frame, the ground film recovery device is located at the rear end of the frame and above the potato conveyor, a film collecting fan is arranged on the inner side of the potato conveyor corresponding to the air inlet of the ground film recovery device, the air outlet of the ground film recovery device is located at the rear end of the frame, a film collecting net bag is arranged at the air outlet, a potato-peanut conversion plate is arranged at the front end of the frame, a peanut conveyor is arranged on the top of the frame, and a peanut fruit picking device and a peanut seedling killing device are arranged at the rear end of the frame between the peanut conveyor and the ground film recovery device. The present invention can complete the potato and peanut harvesting, the ground film recovery, and the crushing and returning of the peanut seedlings to the field, so that the potato and peanut harvesting process is automated, and the market prospect is very broad.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a crop harvesting machine, in particular to a potato and peanut harvester. Background Art

[0002] In the past, when harvesting crops such as potatoes or peanuts, traditional methods were often used. People bent over to pull out or dig out the crops, which was labor-intensive and had a high rate of fruit breakage. Currently, various potato harvesters and peanut harvesters have appeared on the market, which have greatly improved the harvesting efficiency and reduced the workload of personnel. Most harvesters can complete the harvesting of underground crops or root crops with fruits. However, due to the different crop varieties, the fruits to be harvested separated from the soil vary greatly. It is impossible to harvest potatoes, sweet potatoes, peanuts and other crops with a single harvester, and the versatility is poor. In addition, if the ground film exposed or buried in the field is not handled, it will affect the harvest of crops on the one hand, and cause serious land pollution on the other hand. The use of special ground film recovery machinery has brought additional labor burden to farmers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a potato and peanut harvester, which can effectively harvest potatoes and peanuts, recycle ground film, and improve harvesting efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a potato and peanut harvester, comprising a frame, a potato conveyor arranged on the frame, a peanut conveyor, a plow frame, a mulch film recovery device, a fruit picking device and a seedling killing device, a hanging frame hinged to the tractor is arranged at the rear end of the frame, the plow frame is arranged at the front end of the frame, the potato conveyor is located on the rear side of the frame, the feeding port of the potato conveyor corresponds to the discharging end at the upper end of the plow frame, the discharging end of the potato conveyor extends to the outside of the frame, the mulch film recovery device is located at the rear end of the frame and above the potato conveyor, and the inner side of the potato conveyor corresponds to the mulch film recovery device. A film-collecting fan is arranged at the air inlet of the film recovery device, the air outlet of the ground film recovery device is located at the rear end of the frame, a film collection net bag is set at the air outlet, a potato-peanut conversion plate is arranged at the front end of the frame above the plow frame, the potato-peanut conversion plate includes a rotating rod hinged between the two side plates of the frame, a peanut seedling and fruit barrier plate is arranged below the rotating rod, a peanut conveyor is arranged on the top of the frame, a peanut fruit picking device and a peanut seedling killing device are arranged at the rear end of the frame between the peanut conveyor and the ground film recovery device, the peanut seedling killing device is located at the end seedling outlet of the peanut conveyor, and a fruit collector is left on one side of the peanut fruit picking device. When the collector moves forward, sweet potatoes, potatoes, peanuts, etc. can be arched out of the soil through the plow frame, the potato conveyor can realize the transmission of potatoes, the ground film recovery device can recover the ground film remaining on the potato conveyor, the peanut conveyor is used to realize the transmission of the peanut seedlings with fruits, the peanut seedlings and fruits are separated by the fruit picking device, and the peanut seedling killing device is used to realize the crushing and returning of the peanut seedlings to the field, or make them into silage. The specific structure and functions are as follows:

[0005] The potato conveyor includes a potato incoming chain and a potato outgoing chain arranged below the frame. The potato outgoing chain is located at the rear end of the frame. The potato incoming chain and the potato outgoing chain are distributed vertically. The front end of the potato incoming chain corresponds to the discharging end of the plow frame, the rear end of the potato incoming chain corresponds to the feeding end of the potato outgoing chain, and the discharging end of the potato outgoing chain extends to the outside of the frame.

[0006] The potato incoming chain includes a front roller and a rear roller, both ends of which are provided with sprockets, chains are wound around the two sprockets correspondingly arranged at the front and rear, a plurality of support rods are connected between the two parallel chains, and a gap for carrying potato pieces is left between adjacent support rods, and the potato incoming chain and the potato outgoing chain have the same structure.

[0007] The peanut conveyor includes a conveyor bracket obliquely arranged on the top of a frame, a left conveyor chain and a right conveyor chain are arranged side by side on the conveyor bracket, the left conveyor chain and the right conveyor chain each include a conveyor chain and a plurality of shaft rollers, the shaft rollers are arranged along the length direction of the conveyor bracket, support sprockets are horizontally rotatably arranged on the shaft rollers, the conveyor chains are wound around the support sprockets at the front and rear ends of the conveyor bracket, and meshed with the support sprocket in the middle of the conveyor bracket, and the conveyor chains on the left conveyor chain and the right conveyor chain are parallel to form a peanut vine clamping chain.

[0008] The plow frame includes two parallel side plates, a support shaft and a plow support are provided between the two side plates, the support shaft is rotatably supported on the upper end of the rear side of the side plate, one end of the support shaft extending out of the side plate is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel, a plurality of dial wheels are evenly spaced on the support shaft, a plow partition is provided between two adjacent dial wheels, an arc-shaped groove supporting the support shaft is provided on the upper end of the plow partition, each dial wheel includes 3-5 material-discharging blades, and a plurality of material-discharging blades are circumferentially evenly welded on the rotating shaft, a front end of the plow partition is provided with an arc-shaped surface extending downward, an arc-shaped plow support is fixedly attached to the arc-shaped surface of the plow partition, two ends of the plow support are fixedly connected to the two side plates, a plurality of plowshares are riveted on the plow support at equal intervals, the plowshare includes an arc-shaped plate body, the rear end of the plate body is riveted to the plow support, and the front end of the plate body is a horizontally arranged plow tip.

[0009] The plow frame is set obliquely upward at the feed port at the front end of the harvester. The rear end of the plow frame corresponds to the fruit conveying chain on the harvester. The plow tip of the plowshare is aimed at the middle of the potato ridge. When the harvester moves forward, the plow tip extends into the bottom of the potato ridge to arch the potato pieces, and the remaining soil and potato pieces in the middle of the potato ridge are flipped upward along the plow support, and slide to the conveying chain at the rear under the action of the feeding blades, reducing the soil resistance during the movement.

[0010] The mulch film recovery device includes a mulch film output cover arranged above the potato conveyor, and the mulch film output cover includes a front baffle, side baffles, a middle plate and a rear baffle. The middle plate is tilted, and the upper end of the middle plate is fixedly connected to the front baffle. The front baffle, the middle plate and the side baffles together constitute a gear roller cover with an open lower end. The upper ends of the middle plate and the front baffle are provided with a plurality of tooth grooves connected to each other along the width direction. A film-pushing tooth roller is supported and arranged in the tooth roller cover, and the film-pushing tooth roller is provided with tooth grooves at equal intervals. A plurality of film-pushing teeth are arranged, and the film-pushing teeth extend into corresponding tooth-pushing grooves. A film-pushing tooth roller extends outward, and a transmission sprocket is fixed to one end of a side baffle plate. The upper end of the middle plate is supported by a connecting rod to support the rear baffle plate, and the rear baffle plate is arranged obliquely downward. The middle plate, the rear baffle plate and the side baffle plates together constitute a ground film pushing air duct with open front and rear ends. The film lifting fan is arranged on the inner side of the potato introduction chain corresponding to the air inlet of the ground film pushing air duct, and the film collecting net bag is arranged at the air outlet of the ground film pushing air duct.

[0011] The film-lifting fan includes a transversely arranged wind tube, an expansion cover is respectively arranged at the open positions on both sides of the wind tube, a rotating shaft is arranged on the middle support of the wind tube, an annular groove is arranged on the rotating shaft, a limiting sliding sleeve is sleeved in the annular groove, a rib plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind tube is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of the limiting sliding sleeve, an air outlet is arranged in the middle of the wind tube, the air outlet corresponds to the air inlet of the ground film pushing air duct, 2-3 air outlet blades are arranged on the middle transverse support of the rotating shaft, an air inlet blade fixedly connected to the rotating shaft is arranged in each expansion cover, and a wind tube pulley is arranged on the end of the rotating shaft extending out of the wind tube.

[0012] The plowshare of the harvester extends into the ground to dig up potatoes, soil, mulch, stems and leaves, etc. and send them to the potato inlet chain. Some soil drops to the ground through the gaps between the conveyor chains. When passing through the film-lifting fan, the mulch, stems and leaves and other light debris are blown to the mulch push duct under the action of wind; and the mulch is picked up by the film-lifting tooth roller and transported backward to the film collection net bag, completing the mulch collection process and making the one-time mulch recovery rate as high as 90%; potatoes and some soil are redirected along the feed conveyor chain and fall onto the discharge conveyor chain, and the soil mixed in the potatoes falls to the ground after agitation, and the potatoes are output through the potato outlet chain.

[0013] The fruit picking device includes a fruit picking box arranged on a frame, a front side panel of the fruit picking box is provided with an input port for peanut vines with fruits, a rear side panel of the fruit picking box is provided with an output port for peanut vines without fruits, a peanut vine walking channel is provided in the middle of the top panel of the fruit picking box, the peanut vine walking channel connects the input port for peanut vines with fruits and the output port for peanut vines without fruits, the peanut vine walking channel is located below the peanut vine clamping chain, two fruit picking racks are rotatably arranged in the fruit picking box, the two fruit picking racks are correspondingly distributed on both sides of the peanut vine walking channel, the fruit picking rack includes a transmission shaft rotatably arranged on the top panel, a coaxial line is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the transmission shaft A cross plate, at the end of each of the four arms of the cross plate, a vertical pole is vertically fixed, a rotating drum is sleeved on the outside of the vertical pole, the vertical pole and the rotating drum constitute a fruit picking roller, the fruit picking rollers on the two transmission shafts are cross-arranged, a fruit picking partition is arranged in the middle of the fruit picking box, and a transmission gear is fixed on one end of the transmission shaft extending downward from the fruit picking partition, the transmission gears at the lower ends of the two transmission shafts are meshed, and a power gear connected to the outside world is fixed on the upper end of one of the transmission shafts, the front side of the fruit picking partition is connected to a fruit output plate arranged obliquely downward, and a vibrating screen is arranged on the frame downstream of the fruit output plate, and the discharge port of the vibrating screen is externally connected to the fruit collector.

[0014] After the soil is removed, the peanut vines with fruits are clamped by the peanut vine clamping chain and transferred to the fruit picking box. The peanut vines move along the peanut vine walking channel, and the fruits under the peanut vines pass between the two fruit picking racks. The two adjacent fruit picking rollers that rotate alternately provide an S-shaped walking route for the peanut vines and fruits, increasing the contact area between the fruit picking rollers and the peanut fruits. The peanut fruits are hit and collided by the fruit picking rollers to separate the peanut fruits from the peanut vines. The centripetal force provided by the fruit picking rollers for the walking peanut fruits makes the peanut fruits scatter to the middle of the fruit picking box, rather than splashing around the fruit picking box under the action of centrifugal force by hitting, avoiding the violent collision between the picked peanut fruits and the inner wall of the fruit picking box, and reducing the crushing rate of the peanut fruits. The fruit picking rollers separate the peanut fruits from the peanut vines, and the peanut fruits are output through the fruit output plate. The peanut vines are transported to the peanut vine killing device on the frame through the peanut clamping chain. The peanuts slide onto the vibrating screen through the fruit output plate. The picked peanut fruits move to the end of the vibrating screen through the vibration effect of the vibrating screen and enter the fruit collecting bag or box.

[0015] The peanut seedling-killing device comprises a seedling-killing cylinder, a crushing chamber and a conveying chamber are arranged in the seedling-killing cylinder, a feed port is arranged at the upper side wall of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the crushing chamber, a discharge port is arranged on the side of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the conveying chamber, a crushing shaft is supported and arranged in the crushing chamber, a plurality of fling knives are arranged on the crushing shaft, a conveying shaft is supported and arranged in the conveying chamber, the crushing shaft and the conveying shaft are arranged in parallel, a driving wheel is arranged at one end of the crushing shaft and the conveying shaft extending out of the seedling-killing cylinder respectively, a spiral blade is arranged on the conveying shaft, a seedling-killing partition is arranged between the crushing chamber and the conveying chamber, the seedling-killing partition is arranged obliquely upward along the bottom surface of the crushing chamber toward the top surface of the conveying chamber, and a flinging outlet is reserved between the upper end surface of the seedling-killing partition and the upper top surface of the seedling-killing cylinder. A crushing gear and a conveying gear are arranged at one end of the crushing shaft and the conveying shaft extending out of the seedling-killing cylinder respectively, the diameter of the crushing gear is smaller than the diameter of the conveying gear, the crushing gear is meshed with the conveying gear, and a driving sprocket is arranged at the other end of the crushing shaft.

[0016] A conveying paddle is fixed on one end of the conveying shaft near the discharge port. The conveying paddle is provided with two pieces, and the two conveying paddles are fixed on both sides of the conveying shaft accordingly. After the seedlings and fruits are separated, the seedlings fall into the crushing chamber from the feeding port on the killing seedling cylinder, and after being cut and crushed by the fling knife in the crushing chamber, they are thrown into the conveying chamber. The crushed materials are conveyed to the discharge port through the spiral blades and pushed out of the discharge port through the conveying paddle. After the seedlings and fruits are separated, the seedlings are crushed first and then conveyed, which reduces the phenomenon of the seedling diameter and stems of the seedlings being entangled with the machinery in the later stage, improves the crushing efficiency of the seedlings, reduces the amount of residual seedlings, reduces the occurrence of residual seedlings and the phenomenon of excessively long stems of broken seedlings, greatly reduces the subsequent workload, and reduces energy consumption and labor costs.

[0017] The present invention can not only harvest potatoes, sweet potatoes and other tubers that have been removed from the vines, but also can be used to harvest peanuts. When used to harvest potatoes, the peanut vine and fruit barrier plate is swung up to ensure smooth access between the plow frame and the potato input chain; when used to harvest peanuts, the peanut vine and fruit barrier plate is swung down, and a certain inclination angle is created between the peanut vine and fruit barrier plate and the plow frame. On the one hand, a spacing is ensured between the plow frame and the peanut vine and fruit barrier plate, which is beneficial for the earth film to be transmitted to the potato input chain and absorbed by the earth film recovery device; on the other hand, it is convenient for the peanut vines to climb up using the inclined peanut vine and fruit barrier plate, and then be sent to the peanut conveyor, thereby completing the separation of the peanut vines and peanut fruits, and the crushing procedure of the peanut vines.

[0018] The present invention can complete the earth-lifting and transmission of potatoes and peanuts, the recycling of mulch films, the separation of peanut vines and peanut fruits, and the crushing of peanut vines for returning to the field, thereby automating the potato and peanut harvesting process, saving a lot of manpower, saving harvesting costs, and improving work efficiency, and has a very broad market prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view structural diagram of the plow frame;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the plow frame;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ground film recovery device;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a top-down structural diagram of the tuber afferent chain;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the ground film output cover;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the left view structure;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a film-shifting gear roller;

[0028] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the film-forming fan;

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fruit picking device;

[0030] Fig.12 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a fruit picking device;

[0031] Fig.13 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fruit picking roller;

[0032] Fig.14 1. It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fruit picking device from a top view;

[0033] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the peanut seedling killing device;

[0034] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a peanut seedling killing device from a top view.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Frame, 2. Potato conveyor, 21. Potato inlet chain, 211. Chain, 212. Support rod, 22. Potato outlet chain, 3. Peanut conveyor, 31. Conveyor support, 32. Left conveyor chain, 33. Right conveyor chain, 34. Support sprocket, 4. Plough frame, 41. Material shifting blade, 42. Plough support, 43. Plough partition, 44. Drive wheel, 45. Side plate, 46. Ploughshare, 47. Support shaft, 5. Ground film recovery device, 51. Film shifting teeth, 52. Film shifting tooth roller, 53. Tooth shifting groove, 54. Rear baffle, 55. Center plate, 56. Feed conveyor chain, 57. Film lifting fan, 571. Inlet blade, 572. Wind tube pulley, 573. Outlet blade, 574. Rib plate, 575. Wind tube, 576. Diffuser, 577. Rotating shaft, 578. Limiting sleeve, 58. Front baffle, 59. Film pushing air duct, 510. Connecting rod, 6. Peanut picking device, 61. Power gear, 62. Fruit picking box, 621. Input port for peanut vines with fruits, 622. Peanut vine walking channel, 623. Output port for peanut vines without fruits, 63. Fruit collector, 64. Fruit picking roller, 65. Transmission shaft, 66. Transmission gear, 67. Fruit output plate, 68. Cross plate, 69. Fruit picking partition, 610. Vibrating screen, 7. Peanut vine killing device , 71. Crushing gear, 72. Crushing chamber, 73. Throwing knife, 74. Crushing shaft, 75. Transmission gear, 76. Transmission paddle, 77. Discharge port, 78. Spiral blade, 79. Transmission shaft, 710. Transmission chamber, 711. Driving sprocket, 712. Killing seedling partition, 713. Feed inlet, 714. Throwing outlet, 8. Film collecting net bag, 9. Potato-peanut conversion plate, 10. Peanut seedling and fruit barrier plate, 11. Walking wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Reference Figure 1-16A potato and peanut harvester comprises a frame 1, a mounting frame hinged to a tractor is arranged at the rear end of the frame 1, a lifting cylinder can also be connected to the upper end of the rear side of the frame 1, and a hanging ear is arranged at the lower end of the rear side of the frame 1 to facilitate the connection of other power machinery; a walking wheel 11 is arranged at the lower end of the frame 1, a potato conveyor 2, a peanut conveyor 3, a plow frame 4, a mulch film recovery device 5, a peanut fruit picking device 6 and a peanut seedling killing device 7 are arranged on the frame 1, the plow frame 4 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, the potato conveyor 2 is located at the rear side of the frame 1, the feeding port of the potato conveyor 2 corresponds to the discharging end at the upper end of the plow frame 4, the discharging end of the potato conveyor 2 extends to the outside of the frame 1, the mulch film recovery device 5 is located at the rear end of the frame 1, the potato conveyor 2 Above the frame 1, a film fan 57 is arranged on the inner side of the potato conveyor 2 corresponding to the air inlet of the film recovery device 5. The air outlet of the film recovery device 5 is located at the rear end of the frame 1, and a film collecting net bag 8 is arranged at the air outlet. The front end of the frame 1 is located above the plow frame 4 and a potato-peanut conversion plate 9 is arranged. The potato-peanut conversion plate 9 includes a rotating rod hinged between the two side plates of the frame 1, and a peanut seedling and fruit blocking plate 10 is arranged below the rotating rod. A peanut conveyor 3 is arranged on the top of the frame 1, and a peanut fruit picking device 6 and a peanut seedling killing device 7 are arranged at the rear end of the frame 1 between the peanut conveyor 3 and the film recovery device 5. The peanut seedling killing device 7 is located at the end seedling outlet of the peanut conveyor 3, and a fruit collector is left on one side of the peanut fruit picking device 6.

[0037] The potato conveyor 2 includes a potato incoming chain 21 and a potato outgoing chain 22 arranged below the frame 1. The potato outgoing chain 22 is located at the tail end of the frame 1. The potato incoming chain 21 and the potato outgoing chain 22 are distributed vertically. The front end of the potato incoming chain 21 corresponds to the discharging end of the plow frame 4, and the tail end of the potato incoming chain 21 corresponds to the feeding end of the potato outgoing chain 22. The discharging end of the potato outgoing chain 22 extends to the outside of the frame 1.

[0038] The potato incoming chain 21 includes a front roller and a rear roller, both ends of which are provided with sprockets, and a chain 211 is wound around the two sprockets correspondingly arranged in the front and rear, and a plurality of support rods 212 are connected between the two parallel chains 211, and a gap for carrying potato pieces is left between adjacent support rods 212. The potato incoming chain 21 and the potato outgoing chain 22 have the same structure.

[0039] The peanut conveyor 3 includes a conveyor bracket 31 obliquely arranged on the top of the frame, and a left conveyor chain 32 and a right conveyor chain 33 are arranged side by side on the conveyor bracket 31. The left conveyor chain 32 and the right conveyor chain 33 both include conveyor chains and a plurality of shaft rollers. The shaft rollers are arranged along the length direction of the conveyor bracket, and support sprockets 34 are horizontally rotatably arranged on the shaft rollers. The conveyor chains are wound around the support sprockets 34 at the front and rear ends of the conveyor bracket 31 and meshed with the support sprocket 34 in the middle of the conveyor bracket 31. The conveyor chains on the left conveyor chain 32 and the right conveyor chain 33 are parallel to form a peanut vine clamping chain.

[0040] The plow frame includes two parallel side plates 45, a support shaft 47 and a plow support 42 are provided between the two side plates 45, the support shaft 47 is rotatably supported at the upper end of the rear side of the side plate, one end of the support shaft 47 extending out of the side plate 45 is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel 44, three dial wheels are evenly spaced on the support shaft 47, a plow partition 43 is provided between two adjacent dial wheels, an arc-shaped groove for supporting the rotating shaft is provided at the upper end of the plow partition 43, each dial wheel includes three material-discharging blades 41, and the three material-discharging blades 41 are evenly welded on the rotating shaft in an annular direction, a front end of the plow partition 43 is provided with an arc-shaped surface extending downward, an arc-shaped plow support 42 is fixedly attached to the arc-shaped surface of the plow partition 43, two ends of the plow support are fixedly connected to the two side plates 45, and a plurality of plowshares 46 are riveted on the plow support 42 at equal intervals. The plowshare 46 includes an arc-shaped plate body, the rear end of the plate body is riveted to the plow support 42, and the front end of the plate body is a horizontally arranged plow tip; further, the rotating shaft includes a shaft body that is thick in the middle and thin at both ends, and the two ends of the shaft body are connected to the through holes on the side plate 45 through sliding sleeves. The middle part of the shaft body is provided with a plurality of plug-in grooves matching the material-discharging blades 41, and spring clips for limiting axial movement are also provided at both ends of the rotating shaft.

[0041] A plurality of paddle wheels are provided on the support shaft 47. The paddle blade 41 moves the turned-up soil backward under the action of the support shaft 47 and climbs upward with the help of the plow support 42. Since the front end of the plowshare 46 is triangular and the forward angle is small, the forward resistance is reduced. The use of the plow partition 43 increases the firmness of the present invention. The present invention moves the potato or peanut fruits backward to the conveyor chain through the paddle blade 41, which can be adapted to the harvesting of single-row or multi-row potato and peanut fruits, thereby improving the harvesting quality and work efficiency.

[0042] The mulch film recovery device 5 includes a mulch film output cover arranged above the potato conveyor 2, and the mulch film output cover includes a front baffle plate 58, a side baffle plate, a middle plate 55 and a rear baffle plate 54. The middle plate 55 is tilted, and the upper end of the middle plate 55 is fixedly connected to the front baffle plate 58. The front baffle plate 58, the middle plate 55 and the side baffle plates together constitute a gear roller cover with an open lower end. The upper ends of the middle plate and the front baffle plate 58 are provided with a plurality of tooth grooves 53 connected to each other along the width direction. A film-pushing tooth roller 52 is supported and arranged in the tooth roller cover, and a plurality of tooth grooves 53 are evenly spaced on the film-pushing tooth roller 52. The film-pushing tooth 51 extends into the corresponding tooth-pushing groove 53, and the film-pushing tooth roller 52 extends outward from one end of the side baffle plate to which a transmission sprocket is fixed. The upper end of the middle plate 55 is supported by a connecting rod 510 to set the rear baffle plate 54, and the rear baffle plate 54 is set obliquely downward. The middle plate 55, the rear baffle plate 54 and the side baffle plates together constitute a ground film pushing duct 59 with open front and rear ends. The film lifting fan 57 is set at the air inlet of the ground film pushing duct 59 on the inner side of the potato introduction chain 21 corresponding to the air inlet of the ground film pushing duct 59, and the film collecting net bag 8 is set at the air outlet of the ground film pushing duct 59.

[0043] The film-lifting fan 57 includes a transversely arranged wind tube 575, and an expansion cover 576 is respectively arranged at the open positions on both sides of the wind tube 575. A rotating shaft 577 is arranged on the middle support of the wind tube 575. An annular groove is arranged on the rotating shaft 577, and a limiting sliding sleeve 578 is sleeved in the annular groove. A rib plate 574 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind tube is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of the limiting sliding sleeve 578. An air outlet is arranged in the middle of the wind tube 575, and the air outlet corresponds to the air inlet of the ground film pushing air duct. 2-3 air outlet blades 573 are arranged on the middle transverse support of the rotating shaft 577, and an air inlet blade 571 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 577 is arranged in each expansion cover 576. A wind tube pulley 572 is arranged on the end of the rotating shaft 577 extending out of the wind tube 575.

[0044] The plowshare of the harvester extends into the ground to dig up potatoes, soil, ground film, stems and leaves, etc. and send them to the feed conveyor chain. Some soil blocks fall to the ground through the gaps between the potato feeding chains 21. When passing through the film-lifting fan 57, the ground film, stems and leaves and other light debris are blown to the ground film pushing duct 59 under the action of wind; and the ground film is picked up by the film-lifting tooth roller 52 and transported backwards to the film collecting net bag 8, completing the ground film collection process.

[0045] The peanut fruit picking device 6 includes a fruit picking box 62 arranged on the frame 1, a front side panel of the fruit picking box 62 is provided with an input port 621 for peanut vines with fruits, a rear side panel of the fruit picking box 62 is provided with an output port 623 for peanut vines without fruits, a peanut vine walking channel 622 is provided in the middle of the top panel of the fruit picking box 62, the peanut vine walking channel 622 connects the input port 621 for peanut vines with fruits and the output port 623 for peanut vines without fruits, the peanut vine walking channel 622 is located below the peanut vine clamping chain, two fruit picking racks are rotatably arranged in the fruit picking box 62, the two fruit picking racks are correspondingly distributed on both sides of the peanut vine walking channel 622, the fruit picking racks include a transmission shaft 65 rotatably arranged on the top panel, a coaxial line is fixedly arranged on the upper end of the transmission shaft 65 A cross plate 68 is provided, and a vertical pole is fixed vertically at the end of each of the four supporting arms of the cross plate 68. A rotating drum is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical pole. The vertical pole and the rotating drum constitute a fruit picking roller 64. The fruit picking rollers 64 on the two transmission shafts 65 are cross-arranged. A fruit picking partition 69 is provided in the middle of the fruit picking box 62. The transmission shaft 65 extends downwardly and a transmission gear 66 is fixed on one end of the fruit picking partition 69. The transmission gears 66 at the lower ends of the two transmission shafts 65 are meshed. A power gear 61 connected to the outside is fixed on the upper end of one of the transmission shafts 65. The front side of the fruit picking partition 69 is connected to a fruit output plate 67 arranged obliquely downward. A vibrating screen 610 is provided on the frame downstream of the fruit output plate 67, and the discharge port of the vibrating screen 610 is externally connected to the fruit collector 63.

[0046] After the soil is dug up, the peanut vines with fruits are clamped by the peanut vine clamping chain and transferred to the fruit picking box 62. The peanut vines move forward along the peanut vine walking channel 622, and the fruits under the peanut vines pass between the two fruit picking frames. The two adjacent fruit picking rollers 64 that rotate in an alternating manner provide an S-shaped walking route for the peanut vines and fruits, thereby increasing the contact area between the fruit picking rollers 64 and the peanut fruits. The peanut fruits are separated from the peanut vines by being hit and collided by the fruit picking rollers 64. The centripetal force provided by the fruit picking rollers 64 to the walking peanut fruits causes the peanut fruits to scatter to the middle of the fruit picking box 62, rather than splashing around the fruit picking box 62 under the action of centrifugal force through hitting, thereby avoiding a violent collision between the picked peanut fruits and the inner wall of the fruit picking box 62, thereby reducing the breakage rate of the peanut fruits. The fruit picking roller 64 separates the peanut fruits from the peanut vines. The peanut fruits are output through the fruit output plate. The peanut vines are transported to the vine killing machine on the frame through the peanut clamping chain. The peanuts slide onto the vibrating screen through the fruit output plate 67. The picked peanut fruits move to the end of the vibrating screen through the vibrating screen 610 and enter the fruit collecting bag or fruit collecting box.

[0047] The peanut seedling-killing device 7 comprises a seedling-killing cylinder, in which a crushing chamber 72 and a conveying chamber 710 are arranged. A feed port 713 is arranged on the upper side wall of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the crushing chamber, and a discharge port 77 is arranged on the side of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the conveying chamber 710. A crushing shaft 74 is supported and arranged in the crushing chamber 72, and a plurality of fling knives 73 are arranged on the crushing shaft 74. A conveying shaft 79 is supported and arranged in the conveying chamber 710. The crushing shaft 74 and the conveying shaft 79 are arranged in parallel. A crushing gear 71 and a conveying gear 75 are respectively arranged on the ends of the crushing shaft 74 and the conveying shaft 79 extending out of the seedling-killing cylinder. The diameter of the crushing gear 71 is smaller than that of the conveying gear 75. 5 in diameter, the crushing gear 71 is meshed with the transmission gear 75, a driving sprocket 711 is provided at the other end of the crushing shaft 74, a spiral blade 78 is provided on the transmission shaft 79, a rice seedling killing partition 712 is provided between the crushing chamber 72 and the transmission chamber 710, the rice seedling killing partition 712 is arranged obliquely upward along the bottom surface of the crushing chamber 72 toward the top surface of the transmission chamber 710, a material throwing outlet 714 is left between the upper end surface of the rice seedling killing partition 712 and the upper top surface of the rice seedling killing cylinder, a transmission paddle 76 is fixed on one end of the transmission shaft 79 close to the discharge port 77, and the transmission paddle 76 is provided with two pieces, and the two transmission paddles 76 are correspondingly fixed on both sides of the transmission shaft 79.

[0048] After the rice seedlings and fruits are separated, the rice seedlings fall into the crushing chamber 72 through the feeding port 713 on the rice seedling killing cylinder, and after being cut and crushed by the swinging knife 73 in the crushing chamber 72, they are thrown into the conveying chamber 710, and the crushed materials are conveyed to the discharge port 77 through the spiral blade 78, and pushed out of the discharge port through the conveying paddle 76. After the rice seedlings and fruits are separated, the rice seedlings are crushed first and then conveyed, which reduces the phenomenon of rice seedling diameter stems winding around the machine tools in the later stage, improves the crushing efficiency of rice seedlings, reduces the amount of residual rice seedlings, reduces the occurrence of residual rice seedlings and the phenomenon of excessively long stems of broken rice seedlings, greatly reduces the subsequent workload, and reduces energy consumption and labor costs.

[0049] The present invention can complete the earth-lifting and transmission of potatoes and peanuts, the recycling of mulch films, the separation of peanut vines and peanut fruits, and the crushing of peanut vines for returning to the field, thereby automating the potato and peanut harvesting process, saving a lot of manpower, saving harvesting costs, and improving work efficiency, and has a very broad market prospect.

Claims

1. A potato and peanut harvester, comprising a frame (1), a potato conveyor (2) arranged on the frame (1), a peanut conveyor (3), a plow frame (4), a mulch film recovery device (5), a peanut fruit picking device (6) and a peanut seedling killing device (7), wherein a mounting frame articulated with a tractor is arranged at the rear end of the frame (1), characterized in that: The plow frame (4) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1), the potato conveyor (2) is located at the rear side of the frame (1), the loading port of the potato conveyor (2) corresponds to the discharging end at the upper end of the plow frame (4), and the discharging end of the potato conveyor (2) extends to the outside of the frame (1), the ground film recovery device (5) is located at the rear end of the frame (1) and above the potato conveyor (2), a film fan (57) is arranged on the inner side of the potato conveyor (2) corresponding to the air inlet of the ground film recovery device (5), the air outlet of the ground film recovery device (5) is located at the rear end of the frame (1), and a film collection net bag (8) is placed at the air outlet. ), a potato-peanut conversion plate (9) is arranged at the front end of the frame (1) above the plow frame (4), the potato-peanut conversion plate (9) comprises a rotating rod hinged between two side plates of the frame (1), a peanut seedling barrier plate (10) is arranged below the rotating rod, a peanut conveyor (3) is arranged on the top of the frame (1), a peanut fruit picking device (6) and a peanut seedling killing device (7) are arranged at the rear end of the frame (1) between the peanut conveyor (3) and the mulch film recovery device (5), the peanut seedling killing device (7) is located at the end of the peanut conveyor (3) The peanut seedling outlet, a peanut fruit picking device (6) is left on one side of the peanut fruit picking device (6) The potato conveyor (2) comprises a potato incoming chain (21) and a potato outgoing chain (22) arranged below the frame (1), the potato outgoing chain (22) being located at the rear end of the frame (1), the potato incoming chain (21) and the potato outgoing chain (22) being vertically distributed, the front end of the potato incoming chain (21) corresponding to the outgoing end of the plow frame (4), the rear end of the potato incoming chain (21) corresponding to the ingoing end of the potato outgoing chain (22), and the outgoing end of the potato outgoing chain (22) extending to the outside of the frame (1); the peanut conveyor (3) comprises a conveyor bracket ( 31), a left conveyor chain (32) and a right conveyor chain (33) are arranged side by side on the conveyor support (31), the left conveyor chain (32) and the right conveyor chain (33) both comprising a conveyor chain and a plurality of shaft rollers, the shaft rollers being arranged along the length direction of the conveyor support (31), support sprockets (34) being arranged on the shaft rollers for horizontal rotation, the conveyor chains being wound around the support sprockets (34) at the front and rear ends of the conveyor support (31), and meshing with the support sprockets (34) at the middle of the conveyor support (31), the conveyor chains on the left conveyor chain (32) and the right conveyor chain (33) being arranged in parallel to form a peanut vine clamping chain.

2. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plow frame (4) comprises two parallel side plates (45), a support shaft (47) and a plow support (42) are arranged between the two side plates (45), the support shaft (47) is rotatably supported on the upper end of the rear side of the side plate (45), one end of the support shaft (47) extending out of the side plate (45) is fixedly connected to a transmission wheel (44), a plurality of dial wheels are arranged at equal intervals on the support shaft (47), a plow partition plate (43) is arranged between two adjacent dial wheels, an arc-shaped notch for supporting a rotating shaft is arranged at the upper end of the plow partition plate (43), each dial wheel comprises 3-5 material-discharging blades (41), and a plurality of material-discharging blades (41) are welded to the rotating shaft in an circumferentially uniform manner, a front end of the plow partition plate (43) is provided with an arc-shaped surface extending downward, the arc-shaped plow support (42) is fixedly attached to the arc-shaped surface of the plow partition plate (43), two ends of the plow support are fixedly connected to the two side plates (45), and a plurality of plowshares (46) are riveted at equal intervals on the plow support (42).

3. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ploughshare (46) comprises an arc-shaped plate body, the rear end of the plate body is riveted to the plough support (42), and the front end of the plate body is a horizontally arranged plough point.

4. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mulch film recovery device (5) comprises a mulch film output cover arranged above the potato conveyor (2), the mulch film output cover comprises a front baffle plate (58), side baffle plates, a middle plate (55) and a rear baffle plate (54), the middle plate (55) being arranged at an angle, the upper end of the middle plate (55) being fixedly connected to the front baffle plate (58), the front baffle plate (58), the middle plate (55) and the side baffle plates together forming a gear roller cover with an open lower end, the upper ends of the middle plate and the front baffle plate (58) being provided with a plurality of tooth grooves (53) connected to each other along the width direction, a mulch film tooth roller (52) being supported and arranged in the tooth roller cover, and a plurality of tooth rollers (53) being evenly spaced on the upper end of the mulch film tooth roller (52) being provided with a plurality of tooth grooves (53) connected to each other along the width direction, The film-pushing teeth (51) are provided, the film-pushing teeth (51) are extended into the corresponding tooth-pushing grooves (53), the film-pushing tooth roller (52) extends outward, and a transmission sprocket is fixed to one end of the side baffle plate. The upper end of the middle plate (55) is supported by a connecting rod (510) to set a rear baffle plate (54), and the rear baffle plate (54) is set obliquely downward. The middle plate (55), the rear baffle plate (54) and the side baffle plates together constitute a ground film pushing air duct (59) with open front and rear ends. A film-lifting fan (57) is provided at the inner side of the potato introduction chain (21) corresponding to the air inlet of the ground film pushing air duct (59), and a film collecting net bag (8) is provided at the air outlet of the ground film pushing air duct (59).

5. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The film-lifting fan (57) comprises a transversely arranged wind tube (575), an expansion cover (576) is respectively arranged at the open positions on both sides of the wind tube (575), a rotating shaft (577) is arranged on the middle support of the wind tube (575), an annular groove is arranged on the rotating shaft (577), a limiting sliding sleeve (578) is sleeved in the annular groove, a rib plate (574) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wind tube is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of the limiting sliding sleeve (578), an air outlet is arranged in the middle of the wind tube (575), the air outlet corresponds to the air inlet of the ground film pushing air duct, 2-3 air outlet blades (573) are arranged on the middle of the rotating shaft (577) transversely, an air inlet blade (571) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (577) is arranged in each expansion cover (576), and a wind tube pulley (572) is arranged on one end of the rotating shaft (577) extending out of the wind tube (575).

6. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fruit picking device (6) comprises a fruit picking box (62) arranged on a frame (1); a front side panel of the fruit picking box (62) is provided with an inlet (621) for peanut vines with fruits; a rear side panel of the fruit picking box (62) is provided with an outlet (623) for peanut vines without fruits; a peanut vine walking passage (622) is provided in the middle of a top panel of the fruit picking box (62); the peanut vine walking passage (622) is connected to the inlet (621) for peanut vines with fruits and the outlet (623) for peanut vines without fruits; the peanut vine walking passage (622) is located below a peanut vine clamping chain; two fruit picking racks are rotatably arranged in the fruit picking box (62); the two fruit picking racks are correspondingly distributed on both sides of the peanut vine walking passage (622); the fruit picking racks comprise a transmission shaft (65) rotatably arranged on the top panel; a cross having a coaxial axis fixedly arranged at the upper end of the transmission shaft (65); A frame plate (68) is provided, and a vertical pole is fixed to each end of the four supporting arms of the cross plate (68). A rotating drum is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical pole. The vertical pole and the rotating drum constitute a fruit picking roller (64). The fruit picking rollers (64) on the two transmission shafts (65) are arranged crosswise. A fruit picking partition (69) is arranged in the middle of the fruit picking box (62). A transmission gear (66) is fixed to one end of the transmission shaft (65) extending downward from the fruit picking partition (69). The transmission gears (66) at the lower ends of the two transmission shafts (65) are meshed with each other. A power gear (61) connected to the outside is fixed to the upper end of one of the transmission shafts (65). The front side of the fruit picking partition (69) is connected to a fruit output plate (67) arranged obliquely downward. A vibrating screen (610) is arranged on the frame downstream of the fruit output plate (67). A fruit receiving device (63) is arranged outside the discharge port of the vibrating screen (610).

7. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peanut seedling-killing device (7) comprises a seedling-killing cylinder, wherein a crushing chamber (72) and a conveying chamber (710) are arranged in the seedling-killing cylinder, a feeding port (713) is arranged at a position of the upper side wall of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the crushing chamber, a discharge port (77) is arranged on a side of the seedling-killing cylinder corresponding to the conveying chamber (710), a crushing shaft (74) is supported and arranged in the crushing chamber (72), a plurality of fling knives (73) are arranged on the crushing shaft (74), a conveying shaft (79) is supported and arranged in the conveying chamber (710), the crushing shaft (74) and the conveying shaft (79) are arranged in parallel, and a crushing gear is respectively arranged at one end of the crushing shaft (74) and the conveying shaft (79) extending out of the seedling-killing cylinder The crushing gear (71) and the transmission gear (75) are arranged such that the diameter of the crushing gear (71) is smaller than the diameter of the transmission gear (75), the crushing gear (71) meshes with the transmission gear (75), the other end of the crushing shaft (74) is provided with a driving sprocket (711), the transmission shaft (79) is provided with a spiral blade (78), a rice seedling killing partition (712) is arranged between the crushing chamber (72) and the transmission chamber (710), the rice seedling killing partition (712) is arranged obliquely upward along the bottom surface of the crushing chamber (72) toward the top surface of the transmission chamber (710), and a material throwing outlet (714) is reserved between the upper end surface of the rice seedling killing partition (712) and the upper top surface of the rice seedling killing cylinder.

8. The potato and peanut harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: A conveying paddle (76) is fixed to one end of the conveying shaft (79) close to the discharge port (77), and the conveying paddle (76) is provided with two pieces, and the two conveying paddles (76) are fixed to the two sides of the conveying shaft (79) respectively.

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