A forward and reverse interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection component suitable for strong vibration and large load

Abstract

The invention discloses a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, comprising a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut and an open elastic ratchet ring, the fastening nut comprising a fastening section and a locking section, the fastening section is provided with an internal thread matching the bolt, the locking section is provided with an external thread and an elastic locking plate, and the elastic locking plate is provided with an internal non-return ratchet; the locking nut is provided with a one-way non-return ratchet, a reverse rotation internal thread and a raised ring; the reverse rotation internal thread matches the reverse rotation external thread on the fastening nut, when tightening, the raised ring slides along the outer conical surface of the elastic locking plate on the fastening nut, and presses the elastic locking plate to shrink toward the center, and finally the internal non-return ratchet on the elastic locking plate and the external non-return ratchet on the bolt are engaged with each other. One-way non-return ratchets are provided on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring, which cooperate with the one-way non-return ratchets on the fastening nut and the locking nut respectively, and form an interlocking structure together with the forward and reverse rotation, which can effectively solve the problem of loosening of the threaded connection assembly caused by vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, which comprises a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut and a ratchet ring, and can effectively prevent the threaded connection assembly from loosening. Background Art

[0002] Under static load, friction causes the thread pairs to form self-locking, and the bolt will not loosen; however, under alternating load and impact conditions, the friction between the thread pairs disappears instantly, and relative rotation occurs between the thread pairs; the key to preventing this type of loosening is to prevent relative rotation between the thread pairs.

[0003] The patent (application number 201520644396.3) designs a rigid serrated washer and a nut with a serrated structure to prevent loosening. However, the problem faced by this patent is that the rigid serrations (or ratchets) cannot be crossed, the ratchets cannot be tightly matched, and the tightening angle cannot be continuously adjusted;

[0004] Patent (Application No. 91230168.6) and Patent (Application No. 200980149552.6) disclose a method of preventing loosening by using a nut with an elastic ratchet and a ratchet structure. However, the elastic ratchet in the nuts in these patents cannot be adjusted continuously during the tightening process. It is easy for the elastic ratchet to fail to fit into the ratchet groove of the nut when the nut is tightened to the optimal pre-tightening angle. This leaves a swing angle for the nut to loosen.

[0005] The patent (application number 200820222783.8) sets an anti-loosening ratchet in the inner cavity of the nut, and the anti-loosening ratchet cooperates with the ratchet on the end face of the screw through the spring to achieve interlocking. However, the nut is a non-penetrating structure, and the screw insertion depth is limited by the depth of the nut inner cavity, which has poor versatility;

[0006] The forward and reverse (or left and right) threads have different rotation directions. During coaxial assembly, the directions of tightening and loosening are contradictory, which can be used to prevent the loosening of bolted connections.

[0007] The patent (application number 99114345.0) discloses a composite thread (called Tang's thread or bolt) with left-hand and right-hand threads interlaced with each other. However, the interlaced thread processing will reduce the load-bearing cross-sectional area of ​​the thread and reduce the load-bearing capacity. It is only suitable for working conditions where vibration and alternating loads are not too large.

[0008] Similarly, Patent (201910043589.6) achieves interlocking by cooperating the clamping head on the locking nut with the ratchet on the fastening nut based on the Down's bolt. Patent (Application No. 201910336972.0) and Patent (Application No. 201910528658.2) disclose that cross positive and negative threads are set on the screw rod, and rigid ratchets are set on the joint surfaces of the two nuts for positive and reverse rotation. These patents not only face the same problem as Down's bolts, but also face the problem that the rigid ratchets cannot cross each other;

[0009] Patents (application number 201810797516.1), patents (application number 200920218937.0), patents (application number 201711009526.6), patents (application number 201010554795.2), and patents (application number 201620299446.3) all attempt to use a locking nut that rotates in the opposite direction to the fastening nut to prevent the fastening nut from loosening. On the surface, these patents seem to use the positive and negative rotation (or left and right rotation) relationship to achieve interlocking, but they ignore the problem that the locking nut itself also faces the problem of loosening. Only when the reverse rotation locking nut itself is not loose can it play a role in preventing loosening. Because the locking nut is difficult to meet the anti-loosening requirements of strong vibration conditions by friction alone. However, these patents do not have an effective method to prevent the locking nut from loosening. Although the patent (application number 201711009526.6) mentions that the anti-rotation locking ring uses the taper of the side wall and the high surface roughness to increase friction, thereby achieving the anti-loosening function of the locking ring itself, under strong vibration and heavy load conditions, and when the side wall of the locking ring is not in contact with other objects, the friction anti-loosening will not work, and the anti-rotation self-locking ring will also become loose;

[0010] The patent (application number 201721699037.3) discloses an anti-loosening screw connection assembly that uses a left-handed threaded sleeve and a right-handed thread on a screw to form an interlocking connection. An annular tapered sleeve and a tapered groove are designed on the contact surface between the threaded sleeve and the bolt head, and the tapered sleeve is pressed into the tapered groove to achieve an interlocking effect. Although this patent solves the problem of the locking component itself loosening, it requires a lot of force to press in and remove the tapered sleeve, and it is severely worn after multiple disassembly and assembly, resulting in the subsequent loss of interlocking ability. In addition, this patent is only applicable to blind hole threaded connections;

[0011] When the anti-loosening nut assembly designed by the patent (application number 201720839130.3) is connected to the periphery of the basic nut (fastening nut) through the locking nut, the inner cone structure of the locking nut presses the elastic part on the outer cone structure of the basic nut into the bolt groove, thereby achieving an anti-loosening effect. However, the problem with this patent is that under strong vibration conditions, the locking nut itself has no anti-loosening function and will also produce spiral loosening. The loosened locking nut cannot provide locking force for the cone structure of the basic nut, and the basic nut will eventually loosen; the patent (application number 201510247155.X) also uses the same design, but neither solves the problem of the locking nut itself loosening.

[0012] In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that although the existing patents have designed many nuts or bolts with self-locking capabilities, there are four types of problems: (1) the rigid ratchet (or serration) components cannot cross each other; (2) the ratchet cannot flexibly and continuously match the optimal rotation angle of the nut pre-tightening; (3) the locking nut itself has no anti-loosening ability, resulting in the forward and reverse rotation not forming an effective interlocking. In order to solve the problem of bolt loosening caused by vibration and other reasons, it is necessary to design an anti-loosening bolt connection component that can effectively form an interlocking by forward and reverse rotation. Summary of the invention

[0013] Inventive concept: The ratchet (or sawtooth) structure has the function of preventing rotation; the forward and reverse threads can restrain each other because of their opposite rotation directions. A large number of patents have considered the use of ratchets and forward and reverse rotation principles to design anti-loosening bolt connection components, but many existing designs ignore two problems: (1) rigid ratchets cannot be crossed; (2) the reverse rotation locking component itself has no anti-loosening measures. Therefore, to solve these problems, it is necessary for the forward and reverse rotation nuts to form a truly effective interlocking and not hinder the continuous change of the rotation angle of the fastening nut when tightening. Therefore, the present invention provides a method of using an open elastic ratchet ring to achieve effective interlocking between the forward and reverse rotation nuts, thereby preventing the problem of loosening of the components due to vibration.

[0014] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection component suitable for strong vibration and large load.

[0015] To this end, the technical solution of the present invention is a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, including a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut, and a ratchet ring, characterized in that:

[0016] The outer ends of the threaded rods of the bolts are uniformly provided with axially arranged external non-return ratchet teeth;

[0017] The fastening nut comprises a fastening section and a locking section connected as one body, the internal thread of the fastening section matches the external thread of the bolt, and a one-way non-return ratchet distributed in a fan shape is arranged on the annular boss on the outer end surface of the fastening section; the locking section has an external thread, and the outer end of the locking section extends outwardly and is connected to an elastic locking piece with an outer diameter gradually reduced and an outer cone structure, and axial grooves are evenly distributed extending from the outer end surface of the elastic locking piece to the connecting end of the locking section and the fastening section, and the inner ring of the outer cone structure of the elastic locking piece is evenly distributed with inner non-return ratchet teeth arranged along the axial direction and matching with the outer non-return ratchet teeth on the bolt;

[0018] The locking nut comprises a one-way check ratchet, an internal thread, and a raised ring. The one-way check ratchet is evenly distributed on an annular boss on the inner end surface of the locking nut in a fan shape. The internal thread of the locking nut matches the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut. The raised ring is radially extended toward the center along the outer end of the internal thread of the locking nut. The radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of the outer cone of the elastic locking piece on the fastening nut.

[0019] The ratchet ring is an open elastic ratchet ring, which has a ring body that is close to a spiral shape, and the head and tail ends of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening. The two side parts of the ring body of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively provided with a plurality of one-way non-return ratchets arranged continuously in a fan shape;

[0020] in:

[0021] The internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt; the internal thread of the locking nut has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut and is opposite to the thread of the bolt; the open elastic ratchet ring has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt;

[0022] The fastening nut is threadedly connected to the bolt through its fastening section, the open elastic ratchet ring is inserted into the locking section of the fastening nut, the locking nut is threadedly connected to the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut through its internal thread, the open elastic ratchet ring is clamped between the fastening nut and the locking nut, and the one-way non-return ratchets on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively matched with the one-way non-return ratchets on the fastening section of the fastening nut and the one-way non-return ratchets on the inner end surface of the locking nut;

[0023] During the tightening process of the locking nut, the one-way non-return ratchet on the tightening section of the fastening nut cooperates with the one-way non-return ratchet on the open elastic ratchet ring, allowing the fastening nut to rotate only in the tightening direction and preventing the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction; the one-way non-return ratchet on the open elastic ratchet ring cooperates with the one-way non-return ratchet on the locking nut, allowing the locking nut to rotate only in the tightening direction and preventing the locking nut from rotating in the loosening direction;

[0024] During the tightening process of the locking nut, the open elastic ratchet ring is compressed to generate elastic force and react on the locking nut; the raised ring inside the locking nut slides along the outer conical surface of the elastic locking plate on the fastening nut toward the fastening nut, and presses the elastic locking plate to shrink toward the center, allowing the inner non-return ratchet on the elastic locking plate and the outer non-return ratchet on the bolt to engage with each other. The inner non-return ratchet only allows the bolt to rotate in the tightening direction and prevents the bolt from rotating in the loosening direction; the outer non-return ratchet only allows the fastening nut to rotate in the tightening direction and prevents the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction.

[0025] Preferably, when the external thread of the bolt is in forward rotation, the internal thread of the fastening nut is in forward rotation, the external thread of the fastening nut locking section is in reverse rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in reverse rotation, and the open elastic ratchet ring is in forward rotation; similarly, when the external thread of the bolt is in reverse rotation, the internal thread of the fastening nut is in reverse rotation, the external thread of the fastening nut locking section is in forward rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in forward rotation, and the open elastic ratchet ring is in reverse rotation.

[0026] Preferably, one of the open ends of the open elastic ratchet ring is extended with a tail handle for easy disassembly and unlocking, and the other open end is extended with an overlapping section to prevent locking, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a cutout, and the overlapping section is connected to the main body of the open elastic ratchet ring through a thin neck.

[0027] Preferably, the "two side parts of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively provided with a plurality of one-way non-return ratchets arranged continuously in a fan shape", and the one-way non-return ratchets are only provided on a section close to the opening end of the ring body.

[0028] Preferably, the cross-sections of all the one-way non-return ratchets, external non-return ratchets and internal non-return ratchets are right-angled triangle structures, and the fitting surfaces between the mating ratchets are guide bevels and a limiting right-angle surface. The structure and function follow the "basic principle of non-return": the matching components are allowed to rotate along their respective tightening directions through the guide bevels, and the mutually fitting limiting right-angle surfaces prevent them from rotating in the loosening direction, and the non-return direction of the ratchet changes with the change of the thread rotation direction.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] The open elastic ratchet ring designed in the present invention has the following outstanding innovations: (1) The ratchets on both sides cooperate with the ratchets on the fastening nut and the locking nut respectively, so that the fastening nut and the locking nut in a positive and negative rotation relationship form a whole, truly realizing mutual restraint, and solving the problem of the locking nut itself loosening; (2) The compressibility of the open elastic ring solves the problem that the rigid ratchet ring cannot cross.

[0031] The idea of ​​using the contradiction between forward and reverse rotation to prevent nuts from loosening has appeared in many patents, but some patents ignore that reverse rotation locking nuts cannot resist vibrations by friction alone. Because no matter what the direction of thread rotation is, vibration will cause the friction force to disappear instantly. At this time, both the fastening nut and the locking nut will loosen. Therefore, the premise of using forward and reverse rotation interlocking is to solve the problem of the locking nut itself loosening. In other words, friction cannot form an effective interlock. In this patent, the interlocking formed by the forward and reverse rotation nuts using an open elastic ratchet ring is a structural interlocking, and any vibration cannot cause the interlocking structure to fail.

[0032] The tail handle and overlapping section are provided on the open elastic ratchet ring because when the gap between the tail handle and the overlapping section is smaller than the ratchet height, the one-way non-return ratchets on the open elastic ratchet ring and the locking nut that mesh with each other cannot be separated from the meshing state, that is, they are locked. At this time, it is necessary to apply circumferential force to the overlapping section to cause the thin neck to break, and then apply axial force to the tail handle. At this time, the space for the tail of the open elastic ratchet ring to fall is greater than the ratchet height, and the ratchets that mesh with each other can be separated to complete the unlocking.

[0033] A plurality of one-way non-return ratchets arranged continuously in a fan shape are arranged on a section of the open elastic ratchet ring close to the opening end of the ring body, that is, a plurality of ratchets are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the head and tail of the open elastic ratchet ring. This is because the ratchets at the head and tail of the opening first engage with the ratchets on the nut, and as the compression of the open elastic ratchet ring along the axial direction increases, the ratchets at other positions gradually engage with the ratchets on the nut. Therefore, the one-way non-return ratchets on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring are only arranged on part of the ring body instead of the entire ring. If ratchets are arranged on the entire ring, the processing amount will increase on the one hand, and on the other hand, if the ratchets on the back of the opening engage with the ratchets of the locking nut when unlocking, the ring cannot be unlocked.

[0034] The cross-sections of all one-way check ratchets, external check ratchets, and internal check ratchets are right-angled triangle structures, which are easy to process. This structure and function can realize the "basic principle of check", that is, allowing matching components to rotate along their respective tightening directions through guide bevels, and the mutually fitting limiting right-angled surfaces prevent them from rotating in the loosening direction. At the same time, the check direction of the ratchet is adjusted according to the thread rotation direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is an assembly entity diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is an assembly entity cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is the assembly front view of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 3sectional view of .

[0039] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Right view of .

[0040] Figure 6 It is a solid diagram of the bolt (positive rotation) of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 main view.

[0042] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Top view of the .

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a solid diagram of the fastening nut (positive-thread internal thread and negative-thread external thread) of the present invention.

[0044] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Top view of the .

[0045] Fig.11 It is a solid cross-sectional view of the fastening nut (positive-thread internal thread and negative-thread external thread) of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.12 It is a cross-sectional view of the fastening nut (forward-threaded internal thread and reverse-threaded external thread) of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.13 It is a solid diagram of the locking nut (reverse-threaded internal thread) of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Top view of the .

[0049] Fig.15 It is a solid part view of the locking nut (reverse-threaded internal thread) of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.16 It is a cross-sectional view of the locking nut (reverse-threaded internal thread) of the present invention.

[0051] Fig.17 It is a front solid view of an open elastic ratchet ring for a positive screw bolt according to the present invention.

[0052] Fig.18 It is a front view of the open elastic ratchet ring used for the positive screw bolt of the present invention.

[0053] Fig.19 It is a back solid view of an open elastic ratchet ring for a positive screw bolt according to the present invention.

[0054] Fig. 20 It is a back view of the open elastic ratchet ring for positively rotating bolts of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "positive" and "negative" in this specification only refer to whether the thread directions of the bolt and nut are different or the same, and do not specifically refer to a certain direction. At the same time, the end of the bolt with the thread is called the outer end or the outside, and the side of the bolt head at the opposite end is called the inner side or the inner end. The direction of the fastening nut and the locking nut when combined with the bolt is also the same as that of the bolt, that is, the side close to the bolt head is the inner end or the inner side, and the side close to the outer end of the thread is the outer end or the outer side.

[0057] In view of the fact that existing bolts are generally positive thread, combined with Figures 1 to 20 The embodiment of the interlocking and anti-loosening fastening of the bolt connection assembly in the present invention is described.

[0058] A forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, comprising a bolt 10, a fastening nut 20, a locking nut 30, and an open elastic ratchet ring 40.

[0059] The outer end of the threaded rod of the bolt 10 is uniformly provided with axially arranged external non-return ratchet teeth 12;

[0060] The fastening nut 20 includes a fastening section and a locking section connected as one body. The internal thread 21 of the fastening section cooperates with the external thread 11 of the bolt to provide a fastening force. A one-way non-return ratchet 22 distributed in a fan shape is arranged on the annular boss on the outer end surface of the fastening section; the locking section has an external thread 23, and the outer end of the locking section extends outwardly to be connected with an elastic locking piece 24 with an outer diameter gradually reduced to form an outer cone structure. An annular arc groove is arranged at the connection between the locking section and the elastic locking piece 24. The annular arc groove can enhance the deformation degree of the outer cone and enable the locking section to better hold the bolt. Axial grooves are evenly distributed from the outer end surface of the elastic locking piece to the connection end of the locking section and the fastening section. The inner ring of the outer cone structure of the elastic locking piece 23 is evenly distributed with inner non-return ratchet 25 arranged along the axial direction to cooperate with the outer non-return ratchet 12 on the bolt.

[0061] The locking nut 30 includes a one-way check ratchet 33, an internal thread 32, and a raised ring 31. The one-way check ratchet 33 is evenly distributed on the annular boss on the inner end surface of the locking nut in a fan shape. The internal thread of the locking nut matches the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut. The raised ring is radially extended toward the center along the outer end of the internal thread of the locking nut. The radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of the outer cone of the elastic locking piece 24 on the fastening nut.

[0062] The open elastic ratchet ring 40 has a ring body that is close to a spiral shape, and the head and tail ends of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening. One of the open ends of the open elastic ratchet ring 40 is provided with a tail handle 43 for easy disassembly and unlocking, and the other open end is extended with an overlapping section 44 to prevent locking, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a cutout 46, and the overlapping section is connected to the main body of the open elastic ratchet ring through a thin neck 45; a plurality of continuous one-way non-return ratchet teeth 41\42 are respectively provided on the ring body near the open end on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring, rather than a full circle arrangement, and the one-way non-return ratchet teeth 41 on the open elastic ratchet ring 40 cooperate with the one-way non-return ratchet teeth 22 on the fastening section of the fastening nut 20; the one-way non-return ratchet teeth 42 on the open elastic ratchet ring 40 cooperate with the one-way non-return ratchet teeth 33 on the locking nut;

[0063] The cross-sections of all the one-way non-return ratchets 41\42\22\33, the external non-return ratchets 12, and the internal non-return ratchets 25 are right-angled triangle structures. The fitting surfaces between the ratchets that cooperate with each other are guide bevels and a limiting right-angle surface. The non-return direction of the ratchets changes with the rotation direction of the threads. This structure and function follow the "basic principle of non-return": that is, the matching components are allowed to rotate along their respective tightening directions through the guide bevels, and the limiting right-angle surfaces that fit together prevent them from rotating in the loosening direction.

[0064] The selected bolt has a forward-threaded external thread, and correspondingly, the internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut 20 has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt, which is a forward-threaded internal thread; the internal thread 32 of the locking nut 30 has the same rotation direction as the external thread 23 of the locking section of the fastening nut 20, but opposite to the rotation direction of the thread of the bolt, which is a reverse-threaded internal thread; the open elastic ratchet ring 40 has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt, and the open elastic ratchet ring 40 has a forward-threaded direction.

[0065] Working principle of the present invention:

[0066] After the bolt passes through the screw hole on the workpiece, tighten the fastening nut 20 on the bolt with the optimal pre-tightening force; then install the open elastic ratchet ring 40 on the locking section of the fastening nut 20, and the one-way non-return ratchet 41 on the open elastic ratchet ring cooperates with the one-way non-return ratchet 22 on the fastening nut, allowing the fastening nut 20 to rotate in the tightening direction only, and preventing the fastening nut 20 from rotating in the loosening direction. The one-way non-return ratchet 42 on the other side of the open elastic ratchet ring 40 cooperates with the one-way non-return ratchet 33 on the locking nut, allowing the locking nut 30 to rotate in the tightening direction only, and preventing the locking nut 30 from rotating in the loosening direction. The locking nut 30 is installed on the reverse-rotating external thread 23 of the locking section on the fastening nut 20, and the reverse-rotating internal thread 32 of the locking nut cooperates with the reverse-rotating external thread 23 and is tightened;

[0067] During the tightening process, the open elastic ratchet ring 40 is compressed to generate elastic force, and reacts to the locking nut 30; the inner diameter of the raised ring 31 on the locking nut is smaller than the outer diameter of the outer cone surface of the elastic locking piece 24 on the fastening nut. During the tightening process of the locking nut 30, the raised ring 31 on the inner ring of the locking nut slides along the outer cone surface of the elastic locking piece 24 on the fastening nut, and presses the elastic locking piece 24 to shrink toward the center, so that the inner non-return ratchet 25 on the elastic locking piece cooperates with the outer non-return ratchet 12 on the bolt. The inner non-return ratchet 25 only allows the bolt 10 to rotate in the tightening direction, and prevents the bolt 10 from rotating in the loosening direction; the outer non-return ratchet 12 only allows the fastening nut 20 to rotate in the tightening direction, and prevents the fastening nut 20 from rotating in the loosening direction.

[0068] Thus, the entire anti-loosening bolt connection assembly is formed into a whole through the cooperation between the open elastic ratchet ring and the ratchet on the nut, forming an interlock. When the vibration causes the fastening nut or bolt to loosen, relative rotation occurs between the fastening nut and the bolt, but the outer non-return ratchet 12 on the bolt prevents the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction. Similarly, the inner non-return ratchet 24 on the fastening bolt also prevents the bolt from rotating in the loosening direction. Therefore, when the locking nut is not loose, the inner non-return ratchet 12 and the outer non-return ratchet 24 will remain in a state of mutual engagement, effectively preventing the bolt and the fastening nut from rotating and loosening.

[0069] At the same time, since the open elastic ratchet ring is compressed when the locking nut is tightened, the elastic force generated will keep the one-way check ratchet on the open elastic ratchet ring and the one-way check ratchet on the locking nut in a matching state. When the vibration causes the locking nut to rotate in the loosening direction, the one-way check ratchet will drive the open elastic ratchet ring to rotate together; when the open elastic ratchet ring rotates, the one-way check ratchet on the other side will drive the fastening nut to rotate in the same direction as the loosening direction of the locking nut. However, the direction in which the locking nut rotates to loosen is exactly the same as the tightening direction of the fastening nut, so it cannot rotate further. Ultimately, the locking nut cannot be freed from the constraints of the open elastic ratchet ring and rotate alone to loosen, so the entire interlocking connection assembly will not loosen.

[0070] Since the open elastic ratchet ring interlocks the forward and reverse rotating nuts, the engaged one-way check ratchet will prevent the locking nut from rotating in the loosening direction during disassembly. At this time, the one-way check ratchet needs to be disengaged. When the gap between the tail handle and the overlapping part is larger than the ratchet height, press the tail handle to disengage the ratchet, and then loosen the locking nut. When the locking nut is screwed in too deep, causing the gap between the tail handle and the overlapping part of the open elastic ratchet ring to be smaller than the ratchet height, the ratchet cannot be disengaged. At this time, a tangential force can be applied to the overlapping part to break the thin neck and break off the overlapping part. In this way, the tail handle can be pressed to disengage the ratchet engaged between the open elastic ratchet ring and the locking nut, completing the unlocking.

[0071] Other parts of the present invention not described in detail belong to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, comprising a bolt, a fastening nut, a locking nut, and a ratchet ring, characterized in that: The outer ends of the threaded rods of the bolts are uniformly provided with axially arranged external non-return ratchet teeth; The fastening nut comprises a fastening section and a locking section connected as one body, the internal thread of the fastening section matches with the external thread of the bolt, and a first one-way non-return ratchet distributed in a fan shape is arranged on the annular boss on the outer end surface of the fastening section; the locking section has an external thread, and the outer end of the locking section extends outwardly and is connected with an elastic locking piece with an outer diameter gradually reduced and an outer cone structure, and axial grooves are evenly distributed extending from the outer end surface of the elastic locking piece to the connecting end of the locking section and the fastening section, and the inner ring of the outer cone structure of the elastic locking piece is evenly distributed with inner non-return ratchet teeth arranged and extending in the circumferential direction and matching with the outer non-return ratchet teeth on the bolt; The locking nut comprises a second one-way check ratchet, an internal thread, and a raised ring. The second one-way check ratchet is evenly distributed on an annular boss on the inner end surface of the locking nut in a fan shape. The internal thread of the locking nut matches the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut. The raised ring is radially extended toward the center along the outer end of the internal thread of the locking nut. The radius of the top of the raised ring is smaller than the maximum radius of the outer cone of the elastic locking piece on the fastening nut. The ratchet ring is an open elastic ratchet ring, which has a ring body that is close to a spiral shape, and the head and tail ends of the ring body are staggered up and down to form an elastic opening; in: The internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt; the internal thread of the locking nut has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut and is opposite to the external thread of the bolt; the open elastic ratchet ring has the same rotation direction as the external thread of the bolt; The fastening nut is connected to the bolt through the internal thread of its fastening section, the open elastic ratchet ring is inserted into the locking section of the fastening nut, the locking nut is threadedly connected to the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut through its internal thread, the open elastic ratchet ring is clamped between the fastening nut and the locking nut, and the third one-way non-return ratchet and the fourth one-way non-return ratchet on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring are respectively matched with the first one-way non-return ratchet on the fastening section of the fastening nut and the second one-way non-return ratchet on the inner end surface of the locking nut; One of the open ends of the open elastic ratchet ring is provided with a tail handle for easy disassembly and unlocking, and the other open end is extended with an overlapping section for preventing locking, wherein: the overlapping section is provided with a cutout, and the overlapping section is connected to the main body of the open elastic ratchet ring through a thin neck; A plurality of continuous third one-way non-return ratchets and fourth one-way non-return ratchets are respectively arranged on the ring bodies on both sides of the open elastic ratchet ring, and the third one-way non-return ratchets and the fourth one-way non-return ratchets are arranged on a section close to the opening end of the ring body.

2. According to claim 1, a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, characterized in that: When the external thread of the bolt is in forward rotation, the internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut is in forward rotation, the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut is in reverse rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in reverse rotation, and the open elastic ratchet ring is in forward rotation; similarly, when the external thread of the bolt is in reverse rotation, the internal thread of the fastening section of the fastening nut is in reverse rotation, the external thread of the locking section of the fastening nut is in forward rotation, the internal thread of the locking nut is in forward rotation, and the open elastic ratchet ring is in reverse rotation.

3. A forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the first one-way check ratchet, the second one-way check ratchet, the third one-way check ratchet, the fourth one-way check ratchet, the outer check ratchet and the inner check ratchet are all right-angled triangle structures, and the fitting surfaces between the ratchet teeth are guide bevels and a limiting right-angle surface, allowing the matching components to rotate along their respective tightening directions through the guide bevels, and the limiting right-angle surfaces fitting together prevent them from rotating in the loosening direction.

4. According to claim 1, a forward and reverse rotation interlocking anti-loosening threaded connection assembly suitable for strong vibration and large load, characterized in that: During the tightening process of the locking nut, the first one-way non-return ratchet on the tightening section of the fastening nut cooperates with the third one-way non-return ratchet on the open elastic ratchet ring, allowing the fastening nut to rotate only in the tightening direction and preventing the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction; the fourth one-way non-return ratchet on the open elastic ratchet ring cooperates with the second one-way non-return ratchet on the locking nut, allowing the locking nut to rotate only in the tightening direction and preventing the locking nut from rotating in the loosening direction; During the tightening process of the locking nut, the open elastic ratchet ring is compressed to generate elastic force, which reacts on the locking nut; The raised ring in the locking nut slides along the outer conical surface of the elastic locking plate on the fastening nut toward the fastening nut, and compresses the elastic locking plate to shrink toward the center, so that the inner non-return ratchet on the elastic locking plate and the outer non-return ratchet on the bolt engage with each other. The inner non-return ratchet only allows the bolt to rotate in the tightening direction and prevents the bolt from rotating in the loosening direction; the outer non-return ratchet only allows the fastening nut to rotate in the tightening direction and prevents the fastening nut from rotating in the loosening direction.

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