A femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate, which includes a femoral shaft fixing fixture and a femoral head fixing fixture from left to right, respectively, and are connected to a slide groove through a movable pillar or a pillar and a slide rod. The 3D printed guide plate includes a femoral shaft guide plate and a femoral head guide plate that fit the femur, and a removable pin placement guide plate and a secondary osteotomy guide plate are attached to the femoral shaft guide plate. The present invention also discloses the application of the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture in a femoral osteotomy nail placement experiment. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture can firmly fix the femur and the corresponding 3D printed guide plate therein, providing strong fixation for the fracture production and screw implantation in the experiment; and the femoral head and femoral shaft structure are creatively designed as a detachable and returnable structure, which can perfectly realize the osteotomy, precise reduction and nail placement surgery of the femoral neck fracture model, thereby minimizing the difference in surgical quality between samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of femoral osteotomy nail placement fixtures, and in particular to a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many surgical methods for femoral neck fractures, among which hollow compression screw fixation is a commonly used surgical method. There are many types of screws on the market, so the biomechanical evaluation of the fixation effect of different types of screws can provide theoretical guidance for the treatment of femoral neck fractures. In order to study the fixation effect of various types of screws on fractures, multi-sample statistical analysis (generally more than 5) is required. Therefore, ensuring the consistency of surgical methods for the same type of screws becomes an important guarantee for evaluating the effect of screw fixation. At present, doctors basically make fracture models by hand and then implant screws into them by hand for fixation. Then, they use X-rays to roughly evaluate whether they are implanted in the appropriate position. It is impossible to ensure that the screw insertion angle and screw placement position of the fracture model fixed with the same type of screws are consistent, resulting in differences in surgical quality within the group.

[0003] 3D printing technology began to appear in the mid-1980s. It is a technology based on digital simulation files and uses adhesive powder materials to stack and accumulate layer by layer to manufacture three-body entities. It has a wide range of applications, including jewelry, shoes, architecture, automobiles, aerospace, medicine, guns, etc. The current applications of 3D printing technology in medicine include fused deposition modeling technology, selective laser sintering technology, in vitro printing, multi-nozzle molding technology, etc.

[0004] Since the size of femurs varies from person to person, osteotomy and nail placement need to be personalized according to the bone shape. Currently, this problem can be solved by using 3D printed personalized guides. However, there has been no related auxiliary equipment to overcome the problem of how to effectively fix the multifunctional osteotomy and nail placement 3D printed guides on the femur. Therefore, it is very necessary to invent a fixation fixture system that can ensure the consistency of fracture angle and nail insertion angle and accommodate the personalized characteristics of different femurs. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate and application thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate, which comprises, from left to right, a movable femoral shaft fixing fixture and a femoral head fixing fixture, which are located at the upper end of a slide groove; wherein,

[0008] The femoral shaft fixation fixture is a box-type structure with openings at both ends, and is connected to the slide slot through the femoral head fixation fixture support to achieve left and right movement;

[0009] The femoral head fixing fixture is a box-type structure with two adjacent openings, and the femoral head fixing fixture pillar slides on the femoral head fixing fixture slide rod to achieve up and down movement;

[0010] The 3D printed guide plate comprises a femoral shaft guide plate placed in a femoral shaft fixing fixture and matched with the femoral shaft, a femoral head guide plate placed in a femoral head fixing fixture and matched with the femoral head, a nail placement guide plate arranged on the side of the femoral shaft fixing fixture, and a secondary osteotomy guide plate thereon.

[0011] Furthermore, a femoral shaft fixture cover is provided at the upper end of the femoral shaft fixing fixture, and a femoral head fixture cover is provided at the upper end of the femoral head fixing fixture; the femoral shaft fixture cover and the femoral head fixture cover assist in fixing the femur and the 3D printing guide plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the nail placement guide plate is fixed on the femoral shaft guide plate through the nail placement guide plate opening, and contains one or more nail placement guide holes with different angles.

[0013] Furthermore, the support plate protruding from the front end of the femoral shaft fixing fixture and capable of rotating up and down is connected to the femoral shaft fixing fixture via a hinge.

[0014] Furthermore, the femoral head clamp sliding rod is connected to the sliding groove and can move left and right.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a 3D printed guide plate of a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture, comprising the following steps:

[0016] (1) Based on the length, width, shape and osteotomy angle of the femur, a guide model that fits the femoral shaft and femoral head and a secondary osteotomy guide model are established using modeling software;

[0017] (2) Based on the position of the femoral neck axis and the angle and number of screws, a model of the screw guide is established using modeling software;

[0018] (3) Import the model into the printer for 3D printing to generate the required 3D printing guide.

[0019] Furthermore, the modeling software in step (1) or (2) is selected from 3Dmax, PROE, UG, AUTOCAD or SOLIDWORKS.

[0020] Furthermore, the 3D printing material in step (3) is selected from metal, ABS resin, photosensitive resin, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol or nylon.

[0021] Furthermore, the 3D printing material in step (3) is preferably a photosensitive resin.

[0022] A third aspect of the present invention provides a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate for use in an osteotomy nail placement experiment.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific operations include:

[0024] (1) Place the personalized femoral shaft guide and femoral head guide into the fixture, then place the femur into the guide and close the fixture cover;

[0025] (2) Perform osteotomy at the femoral neck, remove the femoral head fixture, and perform secondary osteotomy on the femoral shaft at the angle set by the secondary osteotomy guide;

[0026] (3) Move the femoral head back to connect with the femoral shaft and fix the femoral head fixation fixture pillar.

[0027] (4) Fix the screw guide plate to the femoral shaft guide plate at the screw guide plate opening and implant the screws into the femoral model.

[0028] The present invention adopts the above technical solution. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The use of a femoral osteotomy and screw placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide can firmly fix the femur and the corresponding 3D printed guide in it, providing strong fixation for the fracture production and screw implantation in the experiment. In addition, the femoral head and femoral shaft structure are creatively designed to be detachable and returnable, which can perfectly realize the osteotomy, precise reduction and screw placement of the femoral neck fracture model, thereby minimizing the difference in surgical quality between samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral shaft guide plate, a secondary osteotomy guide plate and a screw placement guide plate after being connected in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a secondary osteotomy guide plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a femoral shaft guide plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a nail placement guide plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral head guide plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Among them, 1-femoral shaft fixing fixture; 2-femoral shaft fixture cover; 3-hinge; 4-nail guide opening; 5-femoral shaft fixing fixture pillar; 6-slide groove; 7-femoral head fixing fixture pillar; 8 femoral head fixing fixture; 9-femoral head fixture slide rod; 10-screw hole; 11-support plate; 12-secondary osteotomy guide; 13-femoral shaft guide; 14-femoral head guide; 15-nail guide; 161-femoral shaft guide and femoral head guide connection positioning one; 162-femoral shaft guide and femoral head guide connection positioning two; 171-femoral shaft guide and nail guide fixing position; 172-femoral shaft guide and nail guide fixing channel; 181-secondary osteotomy guide and femoral shaft guide fixing position; 182-secondary osteotomy guide and femoral shaft guide fixing channel; 19-femoral head fixture cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in detail and specifically below through specific embodiments and drawings to provide a better understanding of the present invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture comprises a femoral shaft fixing fixture 1 and a femoral head fixing fixture 8 from left to right, which are located about 15 cm from the upper end of the slide groove 6.

[0041] Among them, the femoral shaft fixing clamp 1 is a box-type structure with openings at the front and rear ends, and is connected to the slide groove 6 through the femoral head fixing clamp support 5 to achieve left and right movement. A cover 1 is provided at the upper end of the femoral shaft fixing clamp 2; the femoral head fixing clamp is a box-type structure with openings on two adjacent sides, and is moved up and down by sliding the femoral head fixing clamp support 7 on the femoral head clamp slide rod 9. The femoral head clamp slide rod 9 is connected to the slide groove 6 and can move left and right. In this way, the up, down, left and right movement of the femoral head clamp can be achieved, which is convenient for the reduction of the femoral head and the femoral shaft after the secondary osteotomy.

[0042] The 3D printed guide plate includes a femoral shaft guide plate 13 placed in a femoral shaft fixing fixture 1 and fitting the femoral shaft, a femoral head guide plate 14 placed in a femoral head fixing fixture 8 and fitting the femoral head, a nail placement guide plate 15 arranged on the side of the femoral shaft fixing fixture 1, and a secondary osteotomy guide plate 12 thereon. Insert the Kirschner wire at the secondary osteotomy guide and femoral guide fixing channel 182 on the secondary osteotomy guide 12 to the secondary osteotomy guide and femoral guide fixing position 181 on the femoral guide 13, so that the secondary osteotomy guide 12 is fixed on the femoral guide 13; insert the Kirschner wire at the femoral guide and nail guide fixing channel 172 on the needle guide 15 to the femoral guide and nail guide fixing position 171 on the femoral guide 13, so that the needle guide 15 is fixed on the femoral guide 13; similarly, make the femoral guide and femoral head guide connection positioning 2 162 on the femoral guide 15 overlap with the femoral guide and femoral head guide connection positioning 1 161 on the femoral head guide 14, insert the Kirschner wire, so that the femoral guide 13 and the femoral head guide 14 are firmly fixed after the secondary osteotomy, which is convenient for subsequent nail placement operations.

[0043] In addition, the cover, side, and bottom of the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture are all provided with screw holes 10, and screwing in the screws can assist in fixing the 3D printed guide plate and the femur.

[0044] The nail guide plate 15 is fixed on the femoral guide plate 13 through the nail guide plate opening 4, and contains one or more nail guide holes at different angles. The support plate 11 protruding from the front end of the femoral fixation fixture 1 and capable of rotating up and down is connected to the femoral fixation fixture 1 through a hinge 3. The hinge 3 can make the support plate 11 rotate up and down, which is convenient for secondary osteotomy.

[0045] The following describes a method for preparing a 3D printed guide plate and an operation method of the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture through specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] This embodiment is a method for preparing a 3D printed guide plate of the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Based on the length, width, shape, and osteotomy angle of the femur, the modeling software SOLIDWORKS was used to establish a guide model that fits the femoral shaft and femoral head and a secondary osteotomy guide model;

[0049] (2) Based on the position of the femoral neck axis and the angle and number of screws, the model of the screw guide was established using the modeling software SOLIDWORKS;

[0050] (3) Importing the model into a printer for 3D printing, and using photosensitive resin as the printing material to generate the required 3D printing guide.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] This embodiment provides an application of the femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing the 3D printed guide plate in the first embodiment, and the specific operation includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Place the personalized femoral shaft guide and femoral head guide into the fixture, then place the femur into the guide, close the fixture cover, insert screws into the screw holes, and further fix the 3D printed guide and femur;

[0054] (2) Perform osteotomy at the femoral neck, remove the femoral head fixture, and perform secondary osteotomy on the femoral shaft at the angle set by the secondary osteotomy guide;

[0055] (3) Move the femoral head back to connect with the femoral shaft and fix the femoral head fixation fixture pillar.

[0056] (4) Fix the screw guide plate to the femoral shaft guide plate at the screw guide plate opening and implant the screws into the femoral model.

[0057] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the use of a femoral osteotomy and nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide provided by the present invention can firmly fix the femur and the corresponding 3D printed guide therein, providing strong fixation for the fracture production and screw implantation in the experiment. Moreover, the femoral head and femoral shaft structure are creatively designed to be detachable and returnable, which can perfectly realize the osteotomy, precise reduction and nail placement of the femoral neck fracture model, thereby minimizing the difference in surgical quality between samples.

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions made to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the equalization changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate, characterized in that: From left to right are a movable femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) and a femoral head fixing fixture (8), which are located at the upper end of the slide groove (6); wherein, The femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) is a box-shaped structure with openings at both ends, and is connected to the slide groove via the femoral head fixing fixture support (5) to achieve left and right movement. The femoral head fixing fixture (8) is a box-shaped structure with two adjacent openings, and is moved up and down by sliding the femoral head fixing fixture support (7) on the femoral head fixture sliding rod (9); The 3D printed guide plate comprises a femoral shaft guide plate (13) placed in the femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) and fitting the femoral shaft, a femoral head guide plate (14) placed in the femoral head fixing fixture (8) and fitting the femoral head, a nail placement guide plate (15) arranged on the side of the femoral shaft fixing fixture (1), and a secondary osteotomy guide plate (12) thereon; A Kirschner wire is inserted into the secondary osteotomy guide plate and femoral guide plate fixing channel (182) on the secondary osteotomy guide plate (12) and into the secondary osteotomy guide plate and femoral guide plate fixing position (181) on the femoral guide plate (13), so that the secondary osteotomy guide plate (12) is fixed on the femoral guide plate (13); a Kirschner wire is inserted into the femoral guide plate and nail placement guide plate fixing channel (172) on the nail placement guide plate (15) and into the femoral guide plate and nail placement guide plate fixing position (181) on the femoral guide plate (13). The nail guide plate fixing position (171) is used to fix the nail placement guide plate (15) on the femoral shaft guide plate (13); similarly, the femoral shaft guide plate and the femoral head guide plate connection positioning 2 (162) on the femoral shaft guide plate (13) are overlapped with the femoral shaft guide plate and the femoral head guide plate connection positioning 1 (161) on the femoral head guide plate (14), and the Kirschner wire is inserted, so that the femoral shaft guide plate (13) and the femoral head guide plate (14) are firmly fixed after the secondary osteotomy, which is convenient for the subsequent nail placement operation.

2. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) is provided with a femoral shaft fixture cover (2), and the upper end of the femoral head fixing fixture (8) is provided with a femoral head fixture cover (19); the femoral shaft fixture cover (2) and the femoral head fixture cover (19) assist in fixing the femur and the 3D printing guide plate.

3. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail placement guide plate (15) is fixed on the femoral shaft guide plate (13) through the nail placement guide plate opening (4), and contains one or more nail placement guide holes at different angles.

4. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (11) protruding from the front end of the femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) and capable of rotating up and down is connected to the femoral shaft fixing fixture (1) via a hinge (3).

5. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The femoral head clamp sliding rod (9) is connected to the sliding groove (6) and can move left and right.

6. The femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary osteotomy guide plate (12) is used to fix the osteotomy angle.

7. A method for preparing a femoral osteotomy nail placement fixture containing a 3D printed guide plate as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Based on the length, width, shape and osteotomy angle of the femur, a guide model that fits the femoral shaft and femoral head and a secondary osteotomy guide model are established using modeling software; (2) Based on the position of the femoral neck axis and the angle and number of screws, a model of the screw guide is established using modeling software; (3) Importing the model into a printer for 3D printing to generate the 3D printing guide.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The modeling software described in step (1) or (2) is selected from 3Dmax, PROE, UG, AUTOCAD or SOLIDWORKS.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The 3D printing material in step (3) is selected from metal, ABS resin, photosensitive resin, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol or nylon.

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