A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions, which includes a main shaft (1), an auxiliary shaft (2), and a track main roadway (6) and a transportation main roadway (7) arranged in parallel. The bottom ends of the main shaft (1) and the auxiliary shaft (2) are constructed with a shaft bottom yard (3). The shaft bottom yard (3) separates the airflows in the main shaft (1) and the auxiliary shaft (2) by means of air doors (24). The track main roadway (6) is connected to the shaft bottom yard (3) through a main track crossheading (4), and the transportation main roadway (7) is connected to the shaft bottom yard (3) through a main transportation crossheading (5). The coal mining face (15) adopts an "L" - shaped layout. The present invention changes the original way of relying on the return airway for air return, making the production system of the mine more reasonable under intelligent mining conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mine exploitation, and particularly to a coal mine production system under intelligent exploitation conditions. Background Art

[0002] In 1954, the British created the fully mechanized coal mining technology for longwall faces, triggering the first technological revolution in world coal production. In the 1980s, coal mining technology was combined with high-tech, and high-power, high-strength, and high-reliability mechatronic fully-mechanized mining equipment and monitoring technology were developed and used, which was called the second technological revolution in the coal industry. Entering the 21st century, foreign coal mine intelligent exploitation pursues the principles of "safe, efficient, simple, practical, reliable, and economical". Coal enterprises in the United States, Germany, and Australia have achieved certain success in the research on the intelligentization of fully-mechanized working faces. By adopting Internet technology, memory cutting technology for shearers, electro-hydraulic control technology, and variable-frequency soft-start technology, etc., automated coal cutting by 3 to 5 people has been realized in medium-thick coal seams with relatively ideal geological conditions, and the exploration of realizing intelligent exploitation without people in the working face has been carried out.

[0003] Around 2009, China also put forward the development direction of realizing intelligent and unmanned coal mine production, but there is still a certain gap between the intelligent exploitation technology and that of foreign developed countries.

[0004] After more than 10 years of efforts, dozens of intelligent coal mining faces without people have been built in China at present. However, the production system still uses the coal mining method of the wall system, that is, there is at least one return airway at each end of the working face, and the production system has not changed at all. At present, the main ventilation methods for coal mining working faces are U-shaped ventilation, Y-shaped ventilation, W-shaped ventilation, Z-shaped ventilation, and H-shaped ventilation. At least one return airway must be arranged in a mine for air return. The return airway should be arranged in the coal mining working face, and a return air shaft is set separately, all of which are the main participants in the mine ventilation system.

[0005] In the existing mine production mode, supplying air to the coal mining working face is essential. Ventilation is mainly to solve the breathing of the staff and discharge some harmful gases and dust, making the working face environment more favorable. However, the oxygen introduced by it brings disasters such as coal dust raising, gas explosion, coal spontaneous combustion, and coal dust explosion to the working face. The traditional ventilation method and the layout of the return airway also cause a great occupation of human and material resources.

[0006] However, with the emergence of intelligent coal mining faces for unmanned mining, the advancement of the working face can be made unmanned, which means there is no need to supply air to the working face anymore. This greatly reduces the possibility of a series of disasters caused by oxygen and can save the waste of resources caused by mining air roads and related work procedures. The process of intelligent mining in mines is a gradual one, and the existing technologies are far from meeting the requirements for fully intelligent mining in mines. Therefore, a new mine production system under intelligent mining conditions is needed to be the pioneer of full mine intelligence, paving the way for and developing full intelligent mining. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions, which can integrate and develop existing technologies and propose a new working face production method to change the original way of relying on the return air roadway for air return, making the mine production system more reasonable under intelligent mining conditions.

[0008] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions includes a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft, and a track main roadway and a transportation main roadway arranged in parallel. The bottom ends of the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are built with a shaft bottom yard. The shaft bottom yard separates the airflows in the main shaft and the auxiliary shaft through air doors. The track main roadway is connected to the shaft bottom yard through a main track crossheading; the transportation main roadway is connected to the shaft bottom yard through a main transportation crossheading; the track main roadway is connected to the track rise through a district track crossheading; the transportation main roadway is connected to the transportation rise through a district transportation crossheading; a district coal bunker is provided at the district end of the transportation main roadway. The district track crossheading and the district transportation crossheading are located in the lower district yard. The lower district yard separates the airflows in the transportation rise and the track rise through the establishment of air doors; the transportation rise and the track rise pass through the driving face and then pass through the area to be mined and the mining area to reach the district winch house. The two sides of the mining area are coal mining faces, and the two sides of the area to be mined are cutting eyes; the two coal mining faces on both sides are respectively connected to the district middle yard I, the transportation rise, and the track rise through the transportation gateway I; the two cutting eyes on both sides are respectively connected to the district middle yard II, the transportation rise, and the track rise through the transportation gateway II; the transportation gateway I and the transportation gateway II are respectively separated from the airflows in the transportation rise and the track rise through multiple air doors; a district middle yard is provided at the intersection of the driving face and the transportation rise and the track rise, and a district substation is provided between the transportation rise and the track rise in front of the district middle yard III.

[0010] The coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions described in the present invention has the following main mine layout: There are two shafts. The auxiliary shaft is responsible for intake air and the hoisting of personnel, materials, gangue, and equipment, while the main shaft is responsible for return air and the hoisting of coal. There are two main roadways. The track main roadway is responsible for intake air and the transportation of gangue, materials, and equipment, and the transportation main roadway is responsible for return air and the transportation of coal. The air flow mainly passes through the track upcast and the transportation upcast. Multiple air doors are arranged in the transportation gateway to seal the coal mining face and prevent air flow from entering the coal mining face. The coal mining face does not have a return airway gateway. The transportation gateway combines the functions of machinery and track for transportation, and is used for the transportation of coal, materials, gangue, and equipment.

[0011] During operation, the coal mined from the coal mining face is transported through the transportation gateway, the transportation upcast to the district coal bunker. After loading coal, it is transported through the transportation main roadway and the main transportation crosscut to the shaft bottom yard, and then hoisted to the ground by the main shaft. Fresh air flows into the underground from the ground through the auxiliary shaft, passes through the main track crosscut, the track main roadway, the district track crosscut, and the track upcast to enter the district winder house. Then it passes through the transportation upcast, the district transportation crosscut, the transportation main roadway, and the main transportation crosscut, and is discharged to the ground by the main shaft. There is no separate return airway roadway and return shaft. The materials and equipment required for the coal mining face and the cutting roadway are lowered from the auxiliary shaft to the shaft bottom yard by mine cars, pass through the main track crosscut, the track main roadway, and the district track crosscut, and are hoisted to the middle yard of the district by the track upcast, then enter the transportation gateway, and are transported to the coal mining face and the cutting roadway. The materials and equipment recovered from the coal mining face and the gangue transported out from the driving face are transported to the ground by mine cars in the opposite direction of the material transportation system. The coal mining face is not ventilated, and generally, workers do not enter the face, but are responsible for remote control and maintenance, etc. The coal mining face adopts an "L" layout and does not have air supply, so there is no return airway, and no protective coal pillar is left. The intelligent coal mining equipment reaches the position of the cutting roadway through the transportation gateway to carry out coal cutting work. After the coal mining work is completed, it withdraws through the reserved withdrawal passage, is transported to the position of the cutting roadway through the transportation gateway of the next working face, and carries out the coal mining work in the next stage. The next working face does not need to use the transportation gateway of the previous working face for return air, so no protective coal pillar is left.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] 1. The layout of the return airway roadway, the working face return airway, and the return shaft is cancelled. With a more concise roadway system, the drivage volume and maintenance work are greatly reduced.

[0014] 2. The coal mining face is not supplied with air, resulting in a low oxygen content in the working face environment, so that the conditions for gas, dust explosion, and spontaneous combustion of coal are not met, reducing the threat of a series of disasters and the work of preventing fire and explosion in the working face.

[0015] 3. The coal mining face adopts an "L"-shaped layout, which can reduce the roadway driving volume and mine more coal resources.

[0016] 4. The safety of the coal mining face has been improved, enabling unmanned operation. The staff is responsible for remote control and other daily management work underground.

[0017] 5. It promotes the process of the current traditional mine mining method towards fully intelligent mining.

[0018] The design of the present invention is reasonable and has good practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It shows the overall layout schematic diagram of the coal mine production system.

[0020] Figure 2 It shows the partial layout schematic diagram of the coal mine production system.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - main shaft, 2 - auxiliary shaft, 3 - shaft bottom yard, 4 - main track crossheading, 5 - main haulage crossheading, 6 - main track roadway, 7 - haulage roadway, 8 - district track crossheading, 9 - district haulage crossheading, 10 - lower district yard, 11 - district coal bunker, 12 - haulage rise, 13 - track rise, 14a - haulage gateway I, 14b - haulage gateway II, 15 - coal mining face, 16 - goaf, 17 - open-off cut, 18a - middle district yard I, 18b - middle district yard II, 18c - middle district yard III, 19 - district winch house, 20 - driving face, 21 - district substation, 22 - connecting roadway, 24 - air door, 25 - isolating door, 26 - withdrawal roadway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The following details the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions, such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes the main shaft 1, the auxiliary shaft 2, and the track roadway 6 and the transportation roadway 7 arranged in parallel. At the bottom of the main shaft 1 and the auxiliary shaft 2, a shaft bottom yard 3 is constructed. The shaft bottom yard 3 separates the airflows in the main shaft 1 and the auxiliary shaft 2 by means of air doors 24. The track roadway 6 is connected to the shaft bottom yard 3 through the main track crossheading 4, and the transportation roadway 7 is connected to the shaft bottom yard 3 through the main transportation crossheading 5. The track roadway 6 is connected to the track rise 13 through the district track crossheading 8; the transportation roadway 7 is connected to the transportation rise 12 through the district transportation crossheading 9; a district coal bunker 11 is provided at the district end of the transportation roadway 7. The district track crossheading 8 and the district transportation crossheading 9 are located in the lower district yard 10. The lower district yard 10 separates the airflows in the transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13 by setting air doors 24. The transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13 pass through the heading face 20 and then pass through the area to be mined and the mining area to reach the district winch house 19. On both sides of the mining area are the coal mining faces 15, and on both sides of the area to be mined are the cutting openings 17; the coal mining faces 15 on both sides are respectively connected to the middle district yard Ⅰ18a, the transportation rise 12, and the track rise 13 through the transportation gate road Ⅰ14a; the cutting openings 17 on both sides are respectively connected to the middle district yard Ⅱ18b, the transportation rise 12, and the track rise 13 through the transportation gate road Ⅱ14b. The transportation gate road Ⅰ14a and the transportation gate road Ⅱ14b are respectively separated from the airflows in the transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13 by a plurality of air doors 24. At the intersection of the heading face 20 with the transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13, a middle district yard Ⅲ18c is provided; a district substation 21 is provided between the transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13 in front of the middle district yard Ⅲ18c. A connecting roadway 22 is provided between the track roadway 6 and the transportation roadway 7; a connecting roadway 22 is provided between the transportation rise 12 and the track rise 13; the connecting roadway 22 is provided with air doors 24 for separating airflows.

[0024] As Figure 2 shown, isolation doors 25 are provided between the track rise 13 and the transportation gate road Ⅰ14a and the transportation gate road Ⅱ14b. Withdrawal channels 26 are provided in both the area to be mined and the mining area and are connected to their respective transportation gate road Ⅰ14a and transportation gate road Ⅱ14b.

[0025] Under the above intelligent mining conditions, the coal mine production system has the following main mine layout: There are two shafts. The auxiliary shaft 2 is responsible for intake air and the hoisting of personnel, materials, gangue, and equipment. The main shaft 1 is responsible for return air and the hoisting of coal. There are two main roadways. The track main roadway 6 is responsible for intake air and the transportation of gangue materials and equipment. The transportation main roadway 7 is responsible for return air and the transportation of coal. The air current mainly flows through the track uphill 13 and the transportation uphill 12. Multiple air doors are arranged in the transportation gateway to seal the coal mining face 15 to prevent the air current from entering the coal mining face. The coal mining face does not have a return airway. The transportation gateway is a combined track and belt transportation for the transportation of coal, materials, gangue, and equipment. The coal mining face is not ventilated. Generally, workers do not enter the face and are responsible for remote control and maintenance. The coal mining roadway supplies a small amount of air for oxygen supply, only maintaining the operation of production personnel and the maintenance of equipment. Professional personnel wear oxygen cylinders and other equipment to be responsible for the maintenance of intelligent equipment in the coal mining face. The face adopts an "L" shape layout. After one coal mining face is completed, the next face does not need to use the transportation gateway of the previous face for return air, so no protective coal pillar is left. Moreover, the "L" shaped coal pillar-free and ventilation-free face coal mining roadway layout system reduces the roadway driving volume and improves the resource utilization rate.

[0026] In specific applications, the production system of the mine is arranged as follows:

[0027] (1) Coal transportation system: The coal mined from the coal mining face 15 is transported through the transportation gateway 14a, the transportation uphill 12 to the district coal bunker 11. After loading the coal, it is transported through the transportation main roadway 7 and the main transportation crosscut 5 to the shaft bottom yard 3 and then hoisted to the ground by the main shaft 1.

[0028] (2) Ventilation system: Fresh air enters the underground from the ground through the auxiliary shaft 2, passes through the main track crosscut 4, the track main roadway 6, the district track crosscut 8, and the track uphill 13 to enter the district winch room 19. Then it passes through the transportation uphill 12, the district transportation crosscut 9, the transportation main roadway 7, and the main transportation crosscut 5 and is discharged to the ground by the main shaft 1. No separate return airway and return shaft are set up.

[0029] (3) Pipe material and gangue discharge system: The materials and equipment required for the coal mining face 15 and the cutting roadway 17 are lowered from the auxiliary shaft 2 to the shaft bottom yard 3 by mine cars, pass through the main track crosscut 4, the track main roadway 6, and the district track crosscut 8, and are hoisted to the middle district yard Ⅰ18a and the middle district yard Ⅱ18b by the track uphill 13, and then enter the transportation gateway Ⅰ14a and the transportation gateway Ⅱ14b, and are transported to the coal mining face 15 and the cutting roadway 17.

[0030] The materials, equipment recovered from the coal mining face 15 and the gangue transported out from the driving face are transported to the ground by mine cars in the opposite direction of the material transportation system.

[0031] (4) Drainage system: The water in the coal mining face 15 flows by gravity through the water channels on one side of the roadways such as the transportation gateway 14a, the transportation rise 12, the mining area transportation crossheading 9, the main transportation roadway 7, and the main transportation crossheading 5 to the sump in the shaft bottom yard 3, and then is discharged to the ground through the drainage pipeline in the auxiliary shaft 2 by the pumps in the pump house.

[0032] (5) Pedestrian system: The staff enter the shaft bottom yard 3 from the auxiliary shaft 2 and reach the required working locations within the section from the main transportation crossheading 5, the main transportation roadway 7, the mining area transportation crossheading 9, the transportation rise 12 to the mining area winch house 19. After the work is completed, they return to the surface along the original route.

[0033] (6) Power supply system: Through the high-voltage cables laid in the auxiliary shaft 2, the surface substation of the mine supplies high-voltage electricity of the required grade to the central substation in the shaft bottom yard; through the cables laid on the main transportation roadway and the transportation rise, the central substation supplies power to the mining area substation, and the mining area substation supplies power to each electrical equipment such as the coal mining face and the tunneling face.

[0034] (7) Layout of the coal mining face: The coal mining face adopts an "L" shape layout. Since there is no air supply, there is no return airway and no protective coal pillar is left. The intelligent coal mining equipment reaches the position of the cutting eye through the transportation gateway and conducts coal cutting work. After the coal mining work is completed, it withdraws through the reserved withdrawal passage, is transported through the transportation gateway of the next working face to the position of the cutting eye, and conducts the next stage of coal mining work.

[0035] (8) Layout of the main shaft: In addition to being responsible for the hoisting of coal, the main shaft is also responsible for the return air of the entire mine. Main and auxiliary ventilators, explosion-proof doors, air reversal channels and other safety protection devices need to be set at the shaft mouth.

[0036] It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and applications can also be made, and these improvements and applications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions, characterized in that: It includes a main shaft (1), an auxiliary shaft (2), and parallel track main roadways (6) and haulage main roadways (7). At the bottom ends of the main shaft (1) and the auxiliary shaft (2), a shaft bottom yard (3) is constructed. The shaft bottom yard (3) separates the airflows in the main shaft (1) and the auxiliary shaft (2) by means of air doors (24). The track main roadway (6) is connected to the shaft bottom yard (3) through a main track crossheading (4), and the haulage main roadway (7) is connected to the shaft bottom yard (3) through a main haulage crossheading (5). The track main roadway (6) is connected to a track rise (13) through a district track crossheading (8). The haulage main roadway (7) is connected to a haulage rise (12) through a district haulage crossheading (9). At the district end of the haulage main roadway (7), a district coal bunker (11) is provided. The district track crossheading (8) and the district haulage crossheading (9) are located in the lower district yard (10). The lower district yard (10) separates the airflows in the haulage rise (12) and the track rise (13) by means of air doors (24). The haulage rise (12) and the track rise (13) pass through the heading face (20) and then pass through the virgin area and the mining area to reach the district winch house (19). On both sides of the mining area are coal mining faces (15), and on both sides of the virgin area are cutting openings (17). The two coal mining faces (15) are respectively connected to the middle district yard I (18a), the haulage rise (12), and the track rise (13) through haulage gateways I (14a). The two cutting openings (17) are respectively connected to the middle district yard II (18b), the haulage rise (12), and the track rise (13) through haulage gateways II (14b). The haulage gateways I (14a) and the haulage gateways II (14b) are respectively separated from the airflows in the haulage rise (12) and the track rise (13) by a plurality of air doors (24). At the intersection of the heading face (20) with the haulage rise (12) and the track rise (13), a middle district yard III (18c) is provided. Between the haulage rise 12 and the track rise 13 in front of the middle district yard III (18c), a district substation 21 is provided. Isolation doors (25) are provided between the track rise (13) and the haulage gateways I (14a) and the haulage gateways II (14b). In both the virgin area and the mining area, a withdrawal roadway (26) is provided and connected to the respective haulage gateways I (14a) and the haulage gateways II (14b).

2. The coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting roadway (22) is provided between the track main roadway (6) and the haulage main roadway (7).

3. A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A connecting roadway (22) is provided between the haulage rise (12) and the track rise (13).

4. The coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting roadway (22) is provided with an air door (24).

5. A coal mine production system under intelligent mining conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the coal mining face (15) and the cutting opening (17) adopt an L-shaped layout.

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