Osteotomy guide and osteotomy surgical instrument

Abstract

The present invention provides an osteotomy guide and osteotomy surgical instrument. The osteotomy guide module includes a first osteotomy guide block and a second osteotomy guide block. The first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are fixed to the bone to be cut at intervals. The intervals include a first gap, a second gap, and a third gap connected in sequence. The first gap and the third gap are located on both sides of the line where the second gap is located. The osteotomy guide and osteotomy surgical instrument have the advantages of good anti-rotation and medullary cavity concentricity. They can achieve osteotomy guidance and osteotomy length measurement, thereby ensuring the flatness of the osteotomy surface and ensuring stable contact between the two ends of the bone to be cut, which is conducive to effective force transmission, reduces osteoporosis, promotes bone development, allows bones to heal as soon as possible, and enables patients to walk as soon as possible after surgery, allowing patients to bear weight early.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and relates to an osteotomy guide and an osteotomy surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] At present, congenital developmental dysplasia of the hip refers to the loss of normal position of the femoral head and hip joint, including hip dislocation, subluxation and acetabulum dysplasia, unequal length of lower limbs, and limping gait. This symptom can be treated by surgery, and the femur is osteotomized to correct and the affected limb is repositioned. The existing technology uses femoral shortening osteotomy, that is, the patient lies on the bed, the affected limb is fixed, and the surgical operation is performed through the posterior approach, which can increase the exposure area. However, there are two problems: (1) When the osteotomy is completed and the reduction is performed, the distal and proximal ends of the femur are prone to rotation, the medullary cavity at the connection is not concentric, and the original anatomical axis of the femur is lost. In order to compensate for this problem, most doctors may add internal fixation to prevent rotation and increase Support and ensure concentricity, but this will cause stress shielding and easily lead to osteoporosis and other conditions; (2) There is no guiding device during the operation, and the osteotomy is performed only by relying on an oscillating saw parallel to the coronal plane. In this process, the doctor mainly relies on many years of clinical surgical experience. However, once the affected limb moves, the original osteotomy position will be lost, the osteotomy surface will be uneven, and the length of the osteotomy cannot be determined, resulting in repeated osteotomy and a waste of surgical time. In the case of the above two problems, after the prosthesis is installed, the osteotomy surface cannot be accurately connected, and the medullary cavity is not concentric, so that the prosthesis cannot pass through the distal and proximal ends of the femur, and the stress cannot be effectively transmitted at the connection point, resulting in late non-union and inability to bear weight in the early stage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an osteotomy guide and an osteotomy surgical instrument to solve the problem that the treatment of congenital hip dysplasia in the existing technology requires relying on the doctor's surgical experience to perform osteotomy, and the optimal osteotomy angle and position will be lost due to the patient's movement during the operation.

[0004] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides an osteotomy guide, including an osteotomy guide module, the osteotomy guide module including a first osteotomy guide block and a second osteotomy guide block, the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are fixed on the bone to be cut at intervals, the intervals include a first gap, a second gap and a third gap, the second gap is parallel to the anatomical axis of the bone to be cut, the first gap and the third gap are parallel to each other, the first gap, the second gap and the third gap independently include a first end and a second end, the first end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the first gap, the second end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the third gap, and the second end of the first gap and the second end of the third gap are located on both sides of the second gap.

[0006] Furthermore, the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are independently L-shaped.

[0007] Furthermore, the first osteotomy guide block is provided with a first scale line for measuring the first gap width, and the second osteotomy guide block is provided with a second scale line for measuring the third gap width.

[0008] Furthermore, the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are independently provided with a plurality of locking holes, wherein one locking hole is provided at the junction of the first gap or the third gap and the second gap.

[0009] Furthermore, the osteotomy guide module also includes a fixing block, which is detachably connected to the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block.

[0010] Furthermore, a protrusion is provided on the fixing block, and the protrusion cooperates with the second gap between the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block, so that the fixing block can be detachably connected to the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block.

[0011] Furthermore, the osteotomy guide also includes a locking module, which includes a first locking component for locking the first osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut and a second locking component for locking the second osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut, the first locking component and the second locking component independently include a first locking clamp, a second locking clamp and a locking piece, and the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are connected by a locking piece.

[0012] Furthermore, the first locking assembly and the second locking assembly independently further include a guide rod for guiding the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp when they are locked, and the guide rod is connected to both the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp.

[0013] Furthermore, the osteotomy guide also includes an anatomical axis to be osteotomized alignment module, and the anatomical axis to be osteotomized alignment module includes a calibration rod connected to the locking module.

[0014] The present invention also provides an osteotomy surgical instrument comprising the osteotomy guide as described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The osteotomy guide of the present invention can solve the problem that the treatment of congenital hip dysplasia in the prior art requires relying on the doctor's surgical experience to perform osteotomy, and the optimal osteotomy angle and position will be lost due to the patient's movement during the operation. During osteotomy, it has the advantages of good anti-rotation and medullary cavity concentricity. It can realize osteotomy guidance and osteotomy length measurement, thereby ensuring the flatness of the osteotomy surface, making the contact between the two ends of the osteotomy stable, which is conducive to the effective conduction of force, reducing osteoporosis, promoting bone development, allowing the bones to heal as soon as possible, and the patient to walk as soon as possible after the operation, so that the patient can bear weight at an early stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an osteotomy guide provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the osteotomy guide provided by one embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

[0019] Figure 3 A front view of an osteotomy guide with the calibration rod and the fixing block removed, provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a first osteotomy guide block provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a fixing block provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first locking clip provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a guide rod provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the osteotomy guide provided in one embodiment of the present invention in use.

[0025] In the figure: 1 is the first osteotomy guide block, 2 is the second osteotomy guide block, 3 is the fixing block, 4 is the locking module, 5 is the first locking clip, 6 is the second locking clip, 7 is the locking piece, 8 is the guide rod, 9 is the calibration rod, 10 is the first gap, 11 is the second gap, 12 is the third gap, 13 is the first scale line, 14 is the second scale line, 15 is the locking hole, 16 is the intersecting hole, 17 is the fixing hole, 18 is the protrusion, 19 is the locking hole, 20 is the guide hole, 21 is the connecting block, and 22 is the bone to be cut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0027] An osteotomy surgical instrument comprising an osteotomy guide, the osteotomy guide referring to Figures 1 to 7 , including an osteotomy guide module, the osteotomy guide module includes a first osteotomy guide block 1 and a second osteotomy guide block 2, the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are fixed on the osteotomy to be cut at intervals, the intervals include a first gap 10, a second gap 11 and a third gap 12, the second gap is parallel to the anatomical axis of the osteotomy to be cut, the first gap and the third gap are parallel to each other, the first gap, the second gap and the third gap independently include a first end and a second end, the first end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the first gap, the second end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the third gap, and the second end of the first gap and the second end of the third gap are located on both sides of the second gap (or the straight line where the second gap is located).

[0028] The osteotomy guide may include two osteotomy guide blocks, or three osteotomy guide blocks, or more than three osteotomy guide blocks, as long as they are combined to form the first gap, the second gap, and the third gap. During osteotomy, osteotomy is performed along the first gap, the second gap, and the third gap.

[0029] The osteotomy guide can realize Z-type osteotomy, has the functions of anti-rotation and ensuring the concentricity of the medullary cavity. Using the osteotomy guide, even a doctor without osteotomy surgery experience will not lose the optimal osteotomy angle and position due to the patient's movement during the operation.

[0030] Furthermore, to facilitate assembly of the osteotomy guide and to ensure simplification of the first and second osteotomy guide blocks, the first and second osteotomy guide blocks are independently L-shaped, that is, preferably, the first gap and the third gap are both perpendicular to the second gap. The first and second osteotomy guide blocks independently include "|" and "—", and the "|" and "—" are both arc-shaped to facilitate alignment with the bone surface to be osteotomized. Preferably, the arc length of the first and second osteotomy guide blocks is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circumference of the bone to be osteotomized.

[0031] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the measurement of the width of the cut bone, the first osteotomy guide block is provided with a first scale line 13 for measuring the width of the first gap, that is, the first scale line is located on the side of the first osteotomy guide block adjacent to the second gap, and the first scale line is also adjacent to the intersection of the first gap and the second gap, and the second osteotomy guide block is provided with a second scale line 14 for measuring the width of the third gap, that is, the second scale line is located on the side of the second osteotomy guide block adjacent to the second gap, and the second scale line is also adjacent to the intersection of the third gap and the second gap.

[0032] The first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are independently provided with a plurality of locking holes 15, and the locking holes include an intersecting hole 16 and at least two fixing holes 17, wherein the intersecting hole is provided at the intersection of the first gap or the third gap and the second gap, and at least two fixing holes are symmetrically provided with the straight line where the second gap is located as the axis of symmetry, and a locking member is provided in the locking hole, such as a headless nail. Those skilled in the art should know that the at least two fixing holes should ensure that the inserted locking member does not cross in the bone, and the locking member can also be selected according to actual needs. The fixing hole can be set as an inclined hole so that the fixing member is set in the inclined fixing hole. At this time, the inclined fixing member is intersected in space but does not intersect, so as to further fix the osteotomy guide block and the bone to be cut, and avoid the fixing member jumping out due to the vibration of the oscillating saw, and avoid losing the original position relationship. The length of the fixing member can be 3-3.2mm. A fixing member is provided in the intersecting hole to avoid excessive osteotomy during osteotomy.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to securely fit the first and second osteotomy guide blocks to the bone surface to be osteotomized, the osteotomy guide module further includes a fixing block 3. The fixing block is detachably connected to the first and second osteotomy guide blocks, i.e., the guide block connects the first and second osteotomy guide blocks, which are originally disconnected. The fixing block can be configured as an arc-shaped structure to fit the outer contour of the osteotomy guide block.

[0034] As a preferred technical solution, the side of the fixing block that mates with the first and second osteotomy guide blocks is provided with a protrusion 18, the thickness of which is determined by the thickness of the cutting tool. The protrusion is disposed in a second gap between the first and second osteotomy guide blocks and is used to determine the width of the second gap, which should be consistent with the size of the cutting tool. Preferably, the fixing block is arc-shaped, which can mate with the surfaces of the first and second osteotomy guide blocks. Due to its arc-shaped configuration, it also has a certain guiding effect.

[0035] Furthermore, the osteotomy guide also includes a locking module 4 for locking the osteotomy guide module on the bone surface, and the locking module is fixedly connected to the osteotomy guide module, such as by welding. The locking module can surround the osteotomy to be cut, or the arc length of the locking module is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circumference of the osteotomy to be cut. The locking module includes a first locking assembly for locking the first osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut and a second locking assembly for locking the second osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut, the first locking assembly and the second locking assembly independently include a first locking clamp 5, a second locking clamp 6 and a locking piece 7, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are connected by a locking piece, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are arranged around the bone surface, and the first locking clamp or the second locking clamp is fixed to the osteotomy guide module. The first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are respectively formed with a plurality of locking holes 19, and each of the oppositely arranged locking holes of the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp is provided with a locking member. The first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are integrally connected by the locking member and the locking hole. In actual use, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp can be locked to the bone surface to be osteotomized by rotating the locking member. Preferably, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are both provided with anti-slip teeth on the side contacting the bone surface to prevent the locking module from sliding, thereby achieving locking of the osteotomy and strengthening the fixation.

[0036] Furthermore, to facilitate directional movement of the first and second locking clips during locking, the first and second locking assemblies independently include guide rods 8 connected between the first and second locking clips. The first and second locking clips each have corresponding guide holes disposed between the plurality of locking holes. The guide rods are threadedly connected to a set of guide holes disposed opposite each other in the first and second locking clips.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the osteotomy is performed along the anatomical axis to be osteotomized, the osteotomy guide also includes an anatomical axis alignment module to be osteotomized, and the anatomical axis alignment module to be osteotomized includes a calibration rod 9 connected to the locking module, and both ends of the calibration rod pass through the connecting block 21 respectively, and the connecting block is connected to the locking member 7 and the guide rod 8 of the first locking assembly or the second locking assembly, and the position can be adjusted.

[0038] The method of using the osteotomy guide includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) The first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 are connected and fitted to the osteotomy 22 by combining the fixing block 3, the locking module 4 and the anatomical axis alignment module; the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 are kept in relative position by the fixing block 3, so that the gap between the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block includes a first gap, a second gap and a third gap, and the second gap is parallel to the anatomical axis to be osteotomized, the first gap and the third gap are parallel to each other, the first gap, the second gap and the third gap independently include a first end and a second end, the first end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the first gap, the second end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the third gap, and the second end of the first gap and the second end of the third gap are located on both sides of the straight line where the second gap is located, that is, the first gap, the second gap and the third gap are Z-shaped;

[0040] (2) Adjust the osteotomy length to the desired length using the first scale line 13 and the second scale line 14;

[0041] (3) Perform alignment measurement of the axis to be osteotomized: insert the calibration rod 9 into the connecting block 21 so that the calibration rod 9 coincides with the anatomical axis to be osteotomized 22, and adjust the positions of the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 so that the second gap coincides with the anatomical axis to be osteotomized, and the first gap and the third gap are parallel to each other (preferably, the first gap and the third gap are perpendicular to the anatomical axis to be osteotomized 22), so as to avoid uneven force at the osteotomy position in the later stage, which is not conducive to bone healing and is prone to osteoporosis. Then remove the calibration rod 9;

[0042] (4) Locking the locking module 4: first rotate the guide rod to move it in the guide hole to drive the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp to slide on the locking member, thereby adjusting the inner diameter size of the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp after assembly, and locking the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 on the osteotomy 22 to be cut;

[0043] (5) Perform alignment measurement of the anatomical axis to be osteotomized again: insert the calibration rod 9 into the connecting block 21. As the locking module 4 is locked, if the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 are deflected, adjust the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp to adjust the positions of the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block to ensure that the calibration rod 9 and the second gap coincide with the anatomical axis to be osteotomized 22.

[0044] (6) Fix the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 on the bone surface: insert the fixing pieces into the locking holes 15 (intersecting hole 16 and fixing hole 17) of the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block respectively; the fixing piece in the fixing hole 17 is used to fix the first osteotomy guide block 1 and the second osteotomy guide block 2 to prevent them from changing position due to the vibration of the oscillating saw; the fixing piece in the intersecting hole 16 is used to prevent the oscillating saw from overcutting during osteotomy, avoid the saw cut at the intersection position of the oscillating saw, cause stress concentration, and prevent the occurrence of fractures;

[0045] (7) Remove the fixation block 3 and perform Z-shaped osteotomy: first perform transverse osteotomy (four cuts in total), then perform longitudinal osteotomy (one cut).

[0046] The osteotomy guide and osteotomy surgical instrument provided by the present invention can perform osteotomy on both ends of the osteotomy after the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are connected through a fixing block, a locking module and an alignment module for the anatomical axis to be osteotomed. It has the functions of anti-rotation and ensuring the concentricity of the medullary cavity. It can play the role of anti-rotation and guidance in later fixation. During reduction, internal fixation can be reduced to ensure the concentricity of the medullary cavity, stimulate bone development, avoid stress shielding, avoid relying on the doctor's surgical experience for osteotomy, and avoid losing the optimal osteotomy angle and position due to the patient's movement during the operation.

[0047] The osteotomy guide's length measurement, osteotomy axis measurement, parallel osteotomy, and locking methods can solve the problems existing in the existing technology in clinical practice. The osteotomy guide block is provided with an axis calibration hole, that is, a hole on the connecting block through which a calibration rod passes. During use, the second gap between the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block is calibrated by assembling the calibration rod, thereby ensuring that the second gap coincides with the anatomical axis to be osteotomized, and also ensuring that the first gap and the third gap are perpendicular to the anatomical axis to be osteotomized (when the first gap and the third gap of the osteotomy guide are both perpendicular to the second gap), so that the first gap and the third gap are subjected to balanced force, thereby reducing osteoporosis, promoting bone development, and enabling patients to bear weight at an early stage.

[0048] The first gap and the third gap of the osteotomy guide are parallel to each other, and the oscillating saw performs osteotomy along the first gap, the second gap, and the third gap, thereby achieving a stable connection after reduction.

[0049] Fixing members, such as headless nails, are provided in the intersecting holes of the osteotomy guide to prevent over-cutting;

[0050] The osteotomy guide fits the bone surface to be osteotomized, and the chamfers on both sides of the osteotomy guide can reduce tissue separation and cutting;

[0051] The osteotomy guide is equipped with scale lines, which can be directly adjusted to the size limit predetermined in the preoperative plan before osteotomy, so that the osteotomy can be completed in one go, avoiding repeated osteotomies, saving operation time, reducing patient pain, and helping the operation to proceed smoothly.

[0052] The osteotomy guide clamps the osteotomy to be cut through the locking module, and then locks the two ends of the osteotomy to be cut through the guide rod, and then the locking piece is driven into the fixing hole of the locking hole. Even under the vibration of the cutting tool, the osteotomy guide can still remain firmly fixed; in addition, the fixing block of the osteotomy guide can guide the assembly of the osteotomy guide block, ensure the relative position relationship of the osteotomy guide block, and ensure the gap between the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block, which is more convenient to operate.

[0053] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. An osteotomy guide, comprising an osteotomy guide module, characterized in that: The osteotomy guide module includes a first osteotomy guide block and a second osteotomy guide block, the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are fixed at intervals on the osteotomy to be cut, the intervals include a first gap, a second gap and a third gap, the second gap is parallel to the anatomical axis of the osteotomy to be cut, the first gap and the third gap are parallel to each other, the first gap, the second gap and the third gap independently include a first end and a second end, the first end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the first gap, the second end of the second gap is connected to the first end of the third gap, and the second end of the first gap and the second end of the third gap are located on both sides of the second gap; the osteotomy guide also includes a locking module, the locking module includes a first locking component for locking the first osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut and a second locking component for locking the second osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut, the first locking component and the second locking component independently include The first locking clamp, the second locking clamp and the locking piece, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are connected by the locking piece; the first locking assembly and the second locking assembly independently also include a guide rod for guiding when the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are locked, and the guide rod is connected to the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp; the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are respectively provided with guide holes between the plurality of locking holes, and the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are respectively provided with guide holes that are threadedly connected to the guide rods in a group of guide holes that are relatively arranged between the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp; to lock the locking module: first rotate the guide rod to move it in the guide hole to drive the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp to slide on the locking piece, thereby adjusting the inner diameter size of the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp after assembly, and locking the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block on the osteotomy to be cut; the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are independently L type; the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block independently include "|" and "—", "|" and "—" are both arc-shaped so as to fit the bone surface to be osteotomized; the locking module can surround the bone to be cut, or the arc length of the locking module is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the circumference of the bone to be cut, the first locking clamp and the second locking clamp are arranged around the bone surface, and the first locking clamp or the second locking clamp is fixed to the osteotomy guide module.

2. The osteotomy guide according to claim 1, characterized in that The first osteotomy guide block is provided with a first scale line for measuring the first gap width, and the second osteotomy guide block is provided with a second scale line for measuring the third gap width.

3. The osteotomy guide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block are independently provided with a plurality of locking holes, wherein one locking hole is provided at the junction of the first gap or the third gap and the second gap.

4. The osteotomy guide according to claim 1, characterized in that The osteotomy guide module further includes a fixing block which is detachably connected to the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block.

5. The osteotomy guide according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing block is provided with a protrusion, which cooperates with the second gap between the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block, so that the fixing block can be detachably connected to the first osteotomy guide block and the second osteotomy guide block.

6. The osteotomy guide according to claim 1, characterized in that The osteotomy guide also includes an anatomical axis alignment module for osteotomy, which includes a calibration rod connected to a locking module.

7. An osteotomy surgical instrument comprising the osteotomy guide according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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