Spraying device and spraying and scraping machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spraying device and a spray-scraping machine. The spraying device includes: a silo having a front wall and a rear wall that are kept opposite to each other, and at least one discharge hole is arranged on the front wall; an air nozzle that penetrates the rear wall of the silo, and the number of the air nozzles is equal to that of the discharge holes and is arranged one by one. The input end of the air nozzle is used to input compressed gas, and the air outlet of the air nozzle is kept directly opposite to the discharge hole. The flow cross section of one end of the air nozzle close to the air outlet gradually shrinks along the flow direction of the compressed gas; the flow cross section of the air outlet along the first vertical dimension of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than three times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, and the flow cross section of the discharge hole and the flow cross section of the air outlet are respectively perpendicular to the outlet direction of the air outlet. The spraying device and the spray-scraping machine spray mortar stably and evenly, the required compressed gas utilization rate is high and the energy consumption is low, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the plastering quality of the wall is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a spraying device and a spraying and scraping integrated machine. Background Art

[0002] Plastering is a traditional construction method that uses mortar to apply on the walls, floors and ceilings of buildings. With the development of automation technology, the mechanization and automation trend of plastering operations is deepening to meet the increasing construction needs.

[0003] The existing automatic plastering machines are generally divided into two types. The first type is to add a large amount of mortar in the space between the trowel at an elevated angle and the wall, and then apply the mortar on the wall from bottom to top with the trowel. This method is prone to mortar falling randomly, causing resource waste and environmental pollution, and is also poorly adaptable to walls with door and window holes; the second type is to use compressed air to spray mortar onto the wall, and then use the trowel to scrape it flat. This method avoids the phenomenon of mortar falling randomly in the open to a certain extent, but the existing spraying mechanism has poor mortar spraying stability and uniformity, and local mortar is often too thick and causes falling, and the required compressed air flow is large, energy consumption is high, efficiency is low, and the spraying fluctuation phenomenon is further aggravated, making stability and uniformity more difficult to control. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a spraying device and a spray-scraping machine, in which the mortar spraying is stable and uniform, the required compressed gas utilization rate is high and the energy consumption is low, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the plastering quality of the wall is effectively guaranteed.

[0005] The spraying device provided by the present invention comprises:

[0006] The silo has a front wall and a rear wall that are kept opposite to each other, and at least one discharge hole is arranged on the front wall, and the size of the flow cross section of the discharge hole along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than twice its size along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, and the spraying movement direction and the first vertical direction of the spraying device are respectively parallel to the surface to be sprayed;

[0007] An air nozzle penetrates the rear wall of the silo, the number of the air nozzles is equal to the number of the discharge holes and they are arranged one by one, the input end of the air nozzle is used to input compressed gas, the air outlet of the air nozzle is located inside the silo and is aligned with the discharge hole corresponding to the air nozzle, and the flow cross section of one end of the air nozzle close to the air outlet gradually shrinks along the flow direction of the compressed gas;

[0008] The dimension of the flow cross section of the air outlet along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than three times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, the flow cross section of the discharge hole and the flow cross section of the air outlet are respectively perpendicular to the air outlet direction of the air outlet, and the flow cross section of the discharge hole is not less than the flow cross section of the air outlet.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the gas outlet and the material discharge hole are coaxially distributed and their end faces are kept opposite to each other in the axial direction.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of discharge holes are provided on the front wall, and the plurality of discharge holes are discretely distributed along a first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, and the plurality of discharge holes are equidistantly distributed.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, when the spraying movement direction of the spray device has a component along the vertical direction, an anti-condensation nylon block is arranged between adjacent discharge holes, and the lower surface of the anti-condensation nylon block is fitted on the bottom wall of the silo, and the upper surface of the anti-condensation nylon block has an arc shape; optionally, the anti-condensation nylon block has a semi-cylindrical structure, and the axial direction of the semi-cylinder is parallel to the flow direction of the compressed gas.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the flow cross-section of the discharge hole is elliptical or rectangular.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the flow cross-section of the air outlet is elliptical or rectangular.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, a dimension of a flow cross section of the air outlet along a first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than six times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the discharge hole is located at one end of the front wall close to the bottom wall of the silo, and the silo has an upper scraping portion, which is integrally connected to the front wall and separated on both sides of the bottom wall, and a side surface of the upper scraping portion away from the rear wall and a side surface of the front wall away from the rear wall are in the same plane.

[0016] In some optional embodiments, the spraying device further includes a plurality of connecting pins, and one end of each connecting pin is connected to the front wall and the other end is connected to the rear wall.

[0017] In some optional embodiments, the silo has an open side, which is opposite to the bottom wall of the silo.

[0018] The spraying and scraping machine provided by the present invention comprises a walking chassis, a supporting column and the above-mentioned spraying device, wherein the supporting column is arranged on the walking chassis, and the spraying device is held on the supporting column in a lifting and lowering manner.

[0019] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0020] The compressed air is introduced through the air nozzle and gradually accelerated in the contraction flow channel at one end of the air nozzle close to the air outlet, thereby achieving the speed-up and flow-increasing effect of the compressed air. After being ejected from the corresponding I-shaped flow channel shape of the air outlet, the compressed air acts on the mortar in the silo, driving the mortar directly into the discharge hole that is directly opposite to the air outlet; under the constraint of the I-shaped slender flow channel of the discharge hole, the mortar can be evenly sprayed onto the wall, thereby avoiding local mortar concentration and reducing local pressure. On the one hand, it avoids mortar falling and reduces mortar waste and environmental pollution. On the other hand, the pressure drops and reduces the required compressed air flow rate. The compressed air flow rate required at the air nozzle inlet is further reduced under the speed-up and flow-increasing effect of the air nozzle, thereby improving the utilization rate of compressed gas, reducing energy consumption and control difficulty, having a significant effect of energy saving and environmental protection, and effectively ensuring the quality of wall spraying and plastering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A top axonometric view of a spraying device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axonometric view of the spraying device from above;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial front view of the spraying device;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A top view of the spraying device;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the upper coating operation of the middle spraying device;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the scraping operation of the middle spraying device;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a simplified structural diagram of the spray-scraping machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Description of main component symbols:

[0030] P(a)-spraying device, 1-bin, 11-front wall, 11a-discharge hole, 12-rear wall, 13-bottom wall, 14-upper scraper, 2-air nozzle, 2a-air outlet, 3-anti-condensation nylon block, 4-connecting pin, 5-vibration motor, 6-pressure transmitter, 7-support frame, P(b)-walking chassis, P(c)-support column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there is no intermediate element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment discloses a specific structure of a spraying device P(a), including a silo 1 and an air nozzle 2. The mortar spraying is stable and uniform, the required compressed gas utilization rate is high and the energy consumption is low, energy saving and environmental protection are achieved, and the quality of wall plastering is effectively guaranteed.

[0034] The silo 1 is a storage container for storing mortar required for spraying. It is understood that the silo 1 has a mortar input end for replenishing mortar. It is understood that the silo 1 can be a container with a cover or a container without a cover. Exemplarily, the silo 1 has an open side, and the open side is opposite to the bottom wall 13 of the silo 1, so that the silo 1 has the characteristics of a container without a cover.

[0035] The silo 1 has a front wall 11 and a rear wall 12 that are kept opposite to each other. At least one discharge hole 11a is provided on the front wall 11, and the size of the flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a) is not less than twice its size along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a), and the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a) and the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction are parallel to the surface to be sprayed (e.g., a wall surface). Accordingly, the flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a has a straight and long narrow shape.

[0036] The so-called spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a) is the direction of movement of the spraying device P(a) across the wall surface. For example, in the lifting movement spraying method, the spraying movement direction is along the vertical direction. When used, the rear wall 12 and the surface to be sprayed are separated on both sides of the front wall 11. In one application example, the front wall 11 and the surface to be sprayed are kept opposite to each other and spraying is performed directly; in another application example, a wiper plate can be set on the side surface of the front wall 11 away from the rear wall 12, and a discharge port is also set on the wiper plate, and the discharge port is kept coaxially connected with the discharge hole 11a.

[0037] The air nozzle 2 penetrates the rear wall 12 of the silo 1. The number of air nozzles 2 and the discharge holes 11a are equal and arranged one by one. The input end of the air nozzle 2 is used to introduce compressed gas from the compressed gas source. The air outlet 2a of the air nozzle 2 is located inside the silo 1 and is aligned with the discharge hole 11a corresponding to the air nozzle 2. The flow cross section of the end of the air nozzle 2 close to the air outlet 2a gradually shrinks along the flow direction of the compressed gas. During the spraying operation, the air outlet 2a of the air nozzle 2 is immersed in the mortar of the silo 1 and is wrapped by the mortar.

[0038] As a result, the compressed gas introduced from the compressed gas source is accelerated in the gradually shrinking flow channel of the air nozzle 2, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing speed and flow, reducing the compressed gas flow rate (usage) required at the input end of the air nozzle 2, improving the utilization rate of compressed gas, reducing energy consumption and control difficulty, and ensuring the stability and uniformity of compressed gas transportation.

[0039] Among them, the size of the flow cross section of the air outlet 2a along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a) is not less than three times its size along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a), and the flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a and the flow cross section of the air outlet 2a are respectively perpendicular to the outlet direction of the air outlet 2a. At the same time, the flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a is not less than the flow cross section of the air outlet 2a, and is not further configured so that the former is larger than the latter.

[0040] Under the above structure, the gas outlet 2a and the discharge hole 11a have parallel and elongated straight lines. The compressed gas is ejected from the gas outlet 2a in a straight line distribution, and then directly compresses the mortar to enter the discharge hole 11a along the same shape; under the shape constraint of the discharge hole 11a, the mortar is ejected from the discharge hole 11a in a straight line distribution and adheres to the surface to be sprayed. The mortar is evenly distributed in all directions (including width and thickness directions) on the surface to be sprayed, avoiding local concentration, reliable adhesion, and not easy to fall off the mortar, thereby reducing mortar waste and environmental pollution and the required compressed air flow, improving the utilization rate of compressed gas, and reducing energy consumption and control difficulty.

[0041] Exemplarily, the gas outlet 2a is coaxially distributed with the discharge hole 11a and their end faces are kept opposite in the axial direction, so that the pressure of the injected gas acts evenly on the mortar from the front, so that the mortar evenly enters the discharge hole 11a.

[0042] Exemplarily, a plurality of discharge holes 11a are provided on the front wall 11 to form multi-point spraying, further increasing or decreasing the spraying uniformity and stability. Exemplarily, the plurality of discharge holes 11a are discretely distributed along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a). Exemplarily, the plurality of discharge holes 11a are equally spaced.

[0043] Exemplarily, when the spraying movement direction of the spraying device P(a) has a component in the vertical direction, an anti-condensation nylon block 3 is arranged between adjacent discharge holes 11a to increase the fluidity of the mortar and prevent the mortar from condensing in the area. Among them, the lower surface of the anti-condensation nylon block 3 is fitted on the bottom wall 13 of the silo 1, and the upper surface of the anti-condensation nylon block 3 has an arc shape to overcome the weakness of poor fluidity of the mortar and increase fluidity. Optionally, the anti-condensation nylon block 3 has a semi-cylindrical structure, and the axial direction of the semi-cylinder is parallel to the flow direction of the compressed gas. Correspondingly, the cylindrical surface of the semi-cylindrical structure is the upper surface of the anti-condensation nylon block 3.

[0044] The flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a can be in various shapes, and exemplary, the flow cross section of the discharge hole 11a is elliptical or rectangular. The flow cross section of the gas outlet 2a can be in various shapes, and exemplary, the flow cross section of the gas outlet 2a is elliptical or rectangular.

[0045] Demonstratively, the first vertical dimension of the flow cross-section of the air outlet 2a along the spraying movement direction of the spray device P(a) is not less than six times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spray device P(a), so that the air outlet 2a is more slender and the compressed gas injection is more uniform and stable.

[0046] Exemplarily, the discharge hole 11a is located at one end of the front wall 11 close to the bottom wall 13 of the silo 1, that is, close to the bottom wall 13. Exemplarily, the silo 1 has an upper scraper 14, which is integrally connected to the front wall 11 and is separated on both sides of the bottom wall 13, and the side surface of the upper scraper 14 away from the rear wall 12 and the side surface of the front wall 11 away from the rear wall 12 are coplanar. During the upward movement process, the upper scraper 14 maintains an upward angle posture and scrapes and presses the mortar onto the surface to be sprayed, playing the role of a wiper; during the downward movement process, the front wall 11 maintains a downward angle posture and scrapes off the excess mortar on the surface to be sprayed, so that the mortar on the surface to be sprayed reaches the required flatness.

[0047] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) further includes a plurality of connecting pins 4, one end of each connecting pin 4 is connected to the front wall 11, and the other end is connected to the rear wall 12. It can be understood that the plurality of connecting pins 4 are parallel to each other, so that the connection strength between the front wall 11 and the rear wall 12 is further increased, thereby ensuring the structural strength and stability of the silo 1.

[0048] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) further includes a vibration motor 5. The vibration motor 5 is disposed on the silo 1, provides a vibration source, increases the fluidity of the mortar (or other fluid) in the silo 1, and can compact the mortar attached to the wall surface.

[0049] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) further includes a pressure transmitter 6. The pressure transmitter 6 is disposed on the silo 1 and is used to detect the mortar reserve in the silo 1 so as to automatically control the operation process. Exemplarily, the pressure transmitter 6 is installed on the rear wall 12.

[0050] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) further comprises a switch controller for controlling the on-off of the input of the compressed gas. The input of the compressed gas is completely cut off only when there is no mortar in the silo 1 that has submerged the air nozzle 2.

[0051] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) is equipped with a secondary air pressure controlled by a switch controller. During normal operation, the switch controller controls the air nozzle 2 to provide working air pressure to ensure the operation needs; when the operation is suspended, the switch controller controls the air nozzle 2 to provide protective air pressure to prevent the air nozzle 2 from being blocked. Only when there is no mortar in the silo 1 that covers the air nozzle 2, the input of compressed gas is completely cut off.

[0052] Exemplarily, the spraying device P(a) further comprises a support frame 7 for supporting the silo 1 and connected to the support column P(c).

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7The present invention also discloses a specific structure of a spray-scraping machine, including a walking chassis P(b), a supporting column P(c) and the spraying device P(a) disclosed above, wherein the supporting column P(c) is arranged on the walking chassis P(b), and the spraying device P(a) can be held on the supporting column P(c) in a lifting and lowering manner. The walking chassis P(b) can be a wheeled chassis or a crawler chassis, which is used to realize the autonomous movement of the spray-scraping machine; the supporting column P(c) is installed on the walking chassis P(b) to provide support for the lifting and lowering operation of the spraying device P(a); the spraying device P(a) is lifted and lowered on the supporting column P(c) to perform the spray-scraping operation. The lifting and lowering movement can be realized by means of a screw-guide mechanism, a telescopic cylinder and other mechanisms.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spraying device, characterized in that: include: The silo has a front wall and a rear wall that are kept opposite to each other, and at least one discharge hole is arranged on the front wall, and the size of the flow cross section of the discharge hole along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than twice its size along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, and the spraying movement direction and the first vertical direction of the spraying device are respectively parallel to the surface to be sprayed; An air nozzle penetrates the rear wall of the silo, the number of the air nozzles is equal to the number of the discharge holes and they are arranged one by one, the input end of the air nozzle is used to input compressed gas, the air outlet of the air nozzle is located inside the silo and is aligned with the discharge hole corresponding to the air nozzle, and the flow cross section of one end of the air nozzle close to the air outlet gradually shrinks along the flow direction of the compressed gas; The dimension of the flow cross section of the air outlet along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than three times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device, the flow cross section of the discharge hole and the flow cross section of the air outlet are respectively perpendicular to the air outlet direction of the air outlet, and the flow cross section of the discharge hole is not less than the flow cross section of the air outlet; The gas outlet is coaxially distributed with the material discharge hole and the end faces thereof are kept opposite to each other in the axial direction; A plurality of discharge holes are arranged on the front wall, and the plurality of discharge holes are discretely distributed along a first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device; When the spraying movement direction of the spraying device has a component along the vertical direction, an anti-condensation nylon block is arranged between adjacent discharge holes, the lower surface of the anti-condensation nylon block is fitted on the bottom wall of the silo, and the upper surface of the anti-condensation nylon block has an arc shape; the anti-condensation nylon block has a semi-cylindrical structure, and the axial direction of the semi-cylinder is parallel to the flow direction of the compressed gas; The dimension of the flow cross section of the air outlet along the first vertical direction of the spraying movement direction of the spraying device is not less than six times its dimension along the spraying movement direction of the spraying device.

2. The spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of discharge holes are distributed equidistantly.

3. The spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow cross section of the discharge hole is elliptical or rectangular.

4. The spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow cross section of the air outlet is elliptical or rectangular.

5. The spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge hole is located at one end of the front wall close to the bottom wall of the silo. The silo has an upper scraper, which is integrally connected to the front wall and separated on both sides of the bottom wall. A side surface of the upper scraper away from the rear wall and a side surface of the front wall away from the rear wall are in the same plane.

6. The spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of connecting pins, one end of each connecting pin is connected to the front wall, and the other end is connected to the rear wall; the silo has an open side, and the open side is kept opposite to the bottom wall of the silo.

7. Spraying and scraping machine, characterized in that: It comprises a walking chassis, a supporting column and the spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the supporting column is arranged on the walking chassis, and the spraying device is held on the supporting column in a manner of lifting and lowering movement.

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