A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment

Abstract

A spiral friction shock-absorbing device for electrical equipment, which is a pillar-type electrical equipment. The shock-absorbing device is located between the electrical equipment and the equipment bracket. The device includes a vertically arranged cylinder, an axially arranged transmission shaft in the cylinder, and a shock-absorbing assembly arranged around the transmission shaft; the shock-absorbing assembly includes an elastic assembly and vertical friction assemblies located at both ends of the elastic assembly; the friction assembly includes symmetrically arranged upper and lower friction assemblies; the upper and lower friction assemblies are respectively composed of an inner ring and an outer ring with conical surfaces fitting together. The present invention effectively improves the shock-absorbing performance of the shock-absorbing device and greatly extends the service life of the shock-absorbing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration damping device, in particular to a spiral friction vibration damping device used for pillar-type electrical equipment in a transformer substation. Background Art

[0002] Energy bases and electricity loads are unevenly distributed, leading to the construction of numerous substations (converter stations) in areas with high seismic intensity and poor seismic resistance. Key equipment in these stations, such as lightning arresters and transformers, is considered a pillar component of electrical equipment. To ensure insulation performance, these devices are typically constructed of porcelain. However, this requires high electrical clearances, making it difficult to balance seismic performance with design and manufacturing, leading to significant damage to these pillar components.

[0003] To improve the seismic performance of supporting electrical equipment in stations in high-intensity seismic zones, patent ZL 201010524100.6 proposes a lead alloy deformation-based shock-absorbing device that triggers action when an earthquake occurs. Under reciprocating loads, the shock absorber's hysteresis curve forms a quadrilateral occupying four quadrants. However, because the shock absorber cannot automatically reset, residual deformation persists after an earthquake, potentially leading to adverse effects such as cumulative tilt and offset. Chinese patents CN 104482108 B and CN 105604203 B provide friction-type shock absorbers that can reset after an earthquake. However, most of these shock absorbers have a single friction contact surface, a simple friction path, and low friction energy dissipation. Furthermore, the material has poor wear resistance, requires frequent replacement, and has a short service life. These devices fall far short of meeting the requirements for safe and stable power station operation, impacting shock absorption performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a spiral friction vibration damping device for electrical equipment.

[0005] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment, wherein the electrical equipment is a pillar-type electrical equipment, the damping device is located between the electrical equipment and the equipment support, and the device comprises a vertically arranged cylinder, a transmission shaft axially arranged in the cylinder, and a damping assembly arranged around the transmission shaft;

[0007] The shock absorbing assembly includes an elastic assembly and vertical friction assemblies located at both ends of the elastic assembly;

[0008] The friction assembly includes upper and lower friction assemblies that are symmetrically arranged; the upper and lower friction assemblies are respectively composed of an inner ring and an outer ring with conical surfaces fitting together.

[0009] Furthermore, vertical sliding guide ridges are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the transmission shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, washers, the friction assembly, a fixing part and an end cover are respectively provided on the transmission shaft at the upper and lower ends of the elastic assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner ring is a single-cone ring, and the outer ring is composed of at least two segmented rings.

[0012] Furthermore, the symmetrically arranged upper and lower friction assemblies are respectively symmetrically or parallelly provided with an upper symmetrical sub-friction assembly and a lower symmetrical friction sub-assembly; the condition is that one outer ring is provided for one symmetrical friction assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the number of the parallel-arranged sub-friction assemblies is at least 2.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner ring and the gasket are provided with guide grooves corresponding to the sliding guide ridges.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer wall of the outer ring and the inner wall of the cylinder are vertically provided with corresponding spiral guide grooves and spiral guide ridges.

[0016] Furthermore, upper and lower concave end covers are symmetrically provided at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder respectively; the upper end cover is provided with a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through.

[0017] Furthermore, the friction component includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.4-0.48%, Al 1.0-1.2%, Si 0.45-0.80%, Mo 1.2-1.5%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.05%, B 0.005%, Re 0.2-0.22%, Mg 0.3-0.5%, and the balance is Fe and impurities.

[0018] Furthermore, the cylinder includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.3-0.5%, Si 0.6-0.8%, W 0.9-1.2%, Cr 2.9-3.9%, Ti 1.2-1.8%, Mn 2-4%, Mo 0.9-1.2%, S 0.02-0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

[0019] Furthermore, the conductive ridge comprises the following components by mass percentage: C 3.9-4.5%, W 0.6-0.8%, Cu 1.3-2.5%, Re 1.2-1.8%, Mn 4-6%, Cr 2.9-3.9%, Ni 0.7-1.5%, S 0.02-0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

[0020] Compared with the closest existing technology, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) The shock absorbing device provided by the present invention has a compact structure and a clear shock absorbing mechanism. The design of the spiral guide rail enables the outer ring to rotate when moving up and down. While generating spiral friction with the cylinder wall, it also rubs with the annular surface of the inner ring and the end face of the gasket, achieving the energy dissipation effect of multiple rotational friction, further improving the friction performance of the shock absorbing device, and ensuring the safe operation of the electrical equipment.

[0022] 2) The friction assembly provided by the present invention adopts a material with excellent wear resistance, which can effectively extend the service life of the friction assembly, reduce maintenance, save costs, and greatly improve the reliability of the shock absorbing device.

[0023] 3) The shock-absorbing device provided by the present invention is provided with a trigger force when the electrical equipment is operating normally, thereby ensuring that the equipment does not malfunction; when an earthquake occurs, the greater the swing amplitude of the equipment, the greater the friction damping, and the higher the shock-absorbing efficiency; after the earthquake, the equipment can be reset through the self-recovery mechanism without residual deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the shock absorbing device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA of a guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Bottom view of the guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A front view of a guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA of a guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Bottom view of the guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A front view of a guide groove type friction assembly provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Bottom view of the guide rail outer ring provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 A front view of a guide rail outer ring provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the installation of the shock absorbing device provided by the present invention;

[0034] 0 Sliding guide ridge; 1 Lower end cover; 2 Cylinder; 3 Upper end cover; 4 Transmission shaft; 5 Locknut; 6 Adjusting nut; 7 Inner ring; 8 Outer ring; 9 Spiral guide ridge; 10 Elastic component; 11 Washer; 12 Electrical equipment; 13 Shock absorber; 14 Equipment bracket; 15 Support mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, rather than the entirety.

[0036] In order to solve the problems of insufficient shock absorption performance and short service life of shock absorption devices in the prior art, the present invention provides a spiral friction shock absorption device for electrical equipment. The "electrical equipment" mentioned in the present invention is pillar-type electrical equipment such as lightning arresters and mutual inductors in substations.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the shock-absorbing device comprises a vertically arranged cylinder 2, a drive shaft 4 axially mounted within the cylinder 2, and a shock-absorbing assembly disposed around the drive shaft 4. The shock-absorbing assembly comprises an elastic assembly 10 and friction assemblies located at either end of the elastic assembly 10. The friction assembly comprises symmetrically arranged upper and lower friction assemblies, each consisting of an inner ring 7 and an outer ring 8 with conically aligned surfaces. Washers 11, the friction assembly, a fixing element, and an end cap are disposed on the drive shaft 4 at the upper and lower ends of the elastic assembly 10, respectively. In this embodiment, the fixing elements are an outer locknut 5 and an inner adjustment nut 6. Vertical sliding guide ridges 0 are symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the drive shaft 4. The inner ring 7 is a single-conical ring, and the outer ring 8 is composed of at least two segmented rings. The upper and lower friction assemblies are symmetrically or parallelly disposed with an upper sub-friction assembly and a lower symmetrical friction sub-assembly. Guide grooves corresponding to the sliding guide ridges 0 on the drive shaft 4 are provided on the inner ring 7 and the washer 11. Corresponding spiral guide grooves and spiral guide ridges 9 are vertically disposed on the outer wall of the outer ring 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 2 are symmetrically provided with upper and lower concave end caps 3 and 1, respectively. The drive shaft 4 passes through the upper end cap 3 and is fixedly connected to the flange bottom of the electrical equipment 12. The lower end of the cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the equipment bracket 14. The elastic component 10 can be a cylindrical helical compression spring, a rectangular cross-section cylindrical helical compression spring, a butterfly spring, or other springs, and the design is based on the output and size.

[0038] The drive shaft 4 is equipped with symmetrical linear guide ridges 0. The inner ring 7 and washer 11 have guide grooves corresponding to these guide ridges. These grooves ensure that the inner ring 7 and washer 11 do not rotate relative to the drive shaft 4 during its vertical movement, allowing only vertical displacement. The outer ring 8 has a spiral guide groove on its outer surface, while the inner wall of the cylinder 2 is provided with spiral guide ridges 9 corresponding to the guide grooves in the outer ring 8. Together, they form a helical motion pair, whose cross-section can be triangular, trapezoidal, rectangular, or other shapes.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, when installing the shock absorber for electrical equipment, a support mechanism 15 is welded or bolted to the center of the bracket's top plate between the electrical equipment 12 and its bracket 14. The electrical equipment 12 is then placed floating on the support mechanism 15, which is preferably cylindrical. Shock absorbers 13 are installed between the electrical equipment 12 and its bracket 14, arranged around the periphery of the support mechanism 15. The number of shock absorbers 13 should match the number of mounting holes in the bottom flange of the electrical equipment 12, and the diameter of the bolt rods of the shock absorbers 13 should match the openings in the bottom flange of the electrical equipment 12. The shock absorber 13 body passes through the opening in the bracket's top plate, and the top bolts of each shock absorber 13 pass through the holes in the bottom flange of the equipment, where they are secured by two sets of nuts, one above and one below, clamping the bottom flange of the electrical equipment 12. The nuts should preferably be equipped with spring washers or double nuts to prevent loosening.

[0040] When the electrical equipment 12 is conventionally installed without the shock-absorbing device 13, the electrical equipment 12 falls directly on the top plate of the bracket 14 and is connected by bolts and nuts. After the present shock-absorbing device is selected, it is only necessary to expand the diameter of the opening on the top plate of the bracket to the size of the shock-absorbing device body. The original installation layout does not change, and only the present shock-absorbing device 13 and the support mechanism 15 are added between the electrical equipment 12 and its bracket 14.

[0041] Assembly method of shock absorber:

[0042] An elastic component 10 and a transmission shaft 4 passing through the elastic component 10 are installed within the cylinder 2. Friction components passing through the transmission shaft 4 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the elastic component 10, and a washer 11 is placed between the inner ring 7 and the elastic component 10. An adjusting nut 6 and a locknut 5 are screwed into each end of the transmission shaft 4. Tightening the adjusting nut 6 pushes the friction components toward each other to compress the elastic component 10 to a preset compression amount, and the locknuts 5 on the outer sides of the two adjusting nuts 6 are tightened. After tightening the adjusting nut 6, a preload is applied to the elastic component 10, squeezing the friction component to generate pressure between the outer ring 8 and the inner side of the cylinder 2. To facilitate assembly, the length of the cylinder 2 should be such that both end faces of the cylinder 2 are flush with the outer end faces of the preloaded friction component. The upper end cap 3 and the lower end cap 1 cover the cylinder 2 from the upper and lower ends, respectively, and are secured with screws. The inner retaining rings of the upper end cap 3 and the lower end cap 1 should fit closely with the outer end faces of the friction component. The upper end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected to the bottom flange of the equipment 12 through two sets of nuts, and the cylinder 2 is fixed to the top plate of the equipment bracket 14 through two sets of special nuts.

[0043] Working principle of shock absorber:

[0044] Due to the preload applied to the elastic component 10, the outer ring 8 is squeezed through its tapered surface, generating pressure between the outer ring 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2. When the shock absorber 13 is operating normally or subjected to relatively small external forces (such as wind loads or switch opening and closing forces), the external force cannot overcome the static friction between the outer ring 8 and the friction surfaces, nor the preload of the elastic component 10, and the shock absorber 13 does not operate. When an earthquake occurs that could damage the equipment, the electrical equipment 12 swings under the action of the earthquake. The bottom flange of the electrical equipment 12, with the support mechanism 15 as a fulcrum, drives the shock absorbers 13 on both sides to reciprocate up and down. At this point, the external force overcomes the static friction between the outer ring 8 and the friction surfaces, causing the lower and upper outer rings 8 to rise and fall along the spiral motion pair, respectively. The outer rings 8 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2 experience both vertical and rotational friction. Simultaneously, rotational friction also occurs between the outer ring 8 and the washer 11, and between the outer ring 8 and the inner ring 7. The friction between the multiple contact surfaces dissipates energy simultaneously, reducing the seismic energy transmitted to the upper electrical equipment. Furthermore, the greater the amplitude of movement of the shock absorber 13, the greater the compression of the elastic component 10, the greater the pressure between the outer ring 8 and the contact surfaces, and the stronger the frictional shock absorption effect. After the earthquake stops, the restoring force of the elastic component 10 overcomes the friction force and pushes the friction component back to its initial position, with almost no residual deformation.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner ring 7 of the friction assembly is a single conical ring, and the outer ring 8 is a single conical ring composed of three segmented rings of the same size. The conical surfaces of the inner ring 7 and the outer ring 8 fit together, a guide groove is provided on the outside of the outer ring 8, and a corresponding spiral guide ridge 9 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 2. The two form a spiral motion pair. When the transmission shaft 4 moves up and down, the outer ring 8 is driven to move up and down and rotate at the same time.

[0047] The friction assembly includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.4%, Al 1.2%, Si 0.45%, Mo 1.5%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.05%, B 0.005%, Re 0.2%, Mg 0.5%, and the balance is Fe and impurities; the cylinder includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.3%, Si 0.8%, W 0.9%, Cr 3.9%, Ti 1.2%, Mn 4%, Mo 0.9%, S 0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities; the guide ridge includes the following components in mass percentage: C 3.9%, W 0.8%, Cu 1.3%, Re 1.8%, Mn 4%, Cr 3.9%, Ni 0.7%, S 0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 3As shown, the friction assembly consists of two single-cone inner rings 7 that fit in opposite directions and a double-cone outer ring 8. The outer ring 8 is a single-cone ring composed of three segmented rings of the same size. The conical surfaces of the inner ring 7 and the outer ring 8 fit together. A guide groove is provided on the outside of the outer ring 8, and a corresponding spiral guide ridge 9 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 2. The two form a spiral motion pair. When the transmission shaft 4 moves up and down, the outer ring 8 is driven to move up and down and rotate at the same time.

[0050] The friction assembly includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.48%, Al 1.0%, Si 0.80%, Mo 1.2%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.05%, B 0.005%, Re 0.22%, Mg 0.3%, and the balance is Fe and impurities; the cylinder includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.5%, Si 0.6%, W 1.2%, Cr 2.9%, Ti 1.8%, Mn 2%, Mo 1.2%, S 0.02%, and the balance is iron and impurities; the guide ridge includes the following components in mass percentage: C 4.5%, W 0.6%, Cu 2.5%, Re 1.2%, Mn 6%, Cr 2.9%, Ni 1.5%, S 0.02%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, a guide ridge is provided on the outer side of the outer ring 8, and a guide groove is provided on the inner side of the corresponding cylinder 2, and the two constitute a spiral motion pair.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] The friction assembly is composed of multiple pairs of parallel single-cone inner rings 7 and outer rings 8, which are in the superimposed form of embodiment 1.

[0055] Example 5

[0056] The friction assembly is composed of multiple pairs of parallel, reversely fitted single-cone inner rings 7 and double-cone outer rings 8, which are in the superimposed form of embodiment 2.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art may still modify or make equivalent substitutions to the specific implementations of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention to be approved.

Claims

1. A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment, wherein the electrical equipment is a pillar-type electrical equipment, and the damping device is located between the electrical equipment and the equipment support, characterized in that: The device comprises a vertically arranged cylinder, a transmission shaft axially arranged in the cylinder, and a shock absorbing assembly arranged around the transmission shaft; The shock absorbing assembly includes an elastic assembly and vertical friction assemblies located at both ends of the elastic assembly; The vertical friction assembly includes symmetrically arranged upper and lower friction assemblies; the upper and lower friction assemblies are respectively composed of an inner ring and an outer ring with conical surfaces fitting together; Vertical sliding guide ridges are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the transmission shaft; Washers, the friction assembly, a fixing member and an end cover are respectively provided on the transmission shaft at the upper and lower ends of the elastic assembly; The inner ring is a single conical ring, and the outer ring is composed of at least two segmented rings; The inner ring and the washer are provided with guide grooves corresponding to the sliding guide ridges; A spiral guide groove is provided on the outer ring surface of the outer ring, and a spiral guide ridge corresponding to the outer ring guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder. The two constitute a spiral motion pair, and its cross section can be triangular, trapezoidal or rectangular.

2. A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the cylinder are symmetrically provided with upper and lower concave end covers respectively; the upper end cover is provided with a through hole for the transmission shaft to pass through.

3. A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction component includes the following components in mass percentage: C 0.4-0.48%, Al 1.0-1.2%, Si 0.45-0.80%, Mo 1.2-1.5%, V 0.15%, Ti 0.05%, B 0.005%, Re 0.2-0.22%, Mg 0.3-0.5%, and the balance is Fe and impurities.

4. A spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder comprises the following components by mass percentage: C 0.3-0.5%, Si 0.6-0.8%, W 0.9-1.2%, Cr 2.9-3.9%, Ti 1.2-1.8%, Mn 2-4%, Mo 0.9-1.2%, S 0.02-0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

5. The spiral friction damping device for electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive ridge comprises the following components by mass percentage: C 3.9-4.5%, W 0.6-0.8%, Cu 1.3-2.5%, Re 1.2-1.8%, Mn 4-6%, Cr 2.9-3.9%, Ni 0.7-1.5%, S 0.02-0.04%, and the balance is iron and impurities.

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