A solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent mode and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar energy collection device with switchable transparent mode and an implementation method. By attaching a first holographic waveguide grating on the outer surface of a waveguide substrate, the light irradiated thereon is diffracted into the waveguide substrate, and lossless total reflection transmission occurs inside the waveguide substrate, and finally the light is guided out from the waveguide substrate to irradiate on a solar panel unit. The setting position of the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide substrate is incident on the solar panel unit. This breaks the existing fixed installation method of solar panels that must be installed outdoors, breaks the inherent prejudice in the industry, and is an important technical innovation in this field. And because the first holographic waveguide grating can diffract nearly 80% of the light irradiated thereon into the waveguide substrate for lossless total reflection transmission, the light is transmitted to the solar panel unit, and the light is concentrated efficiently, avoiding a large amount of light energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optoelectronic devices, and in particular to a solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent modes and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a new energy source that is widely distributed, clean, efficient and inexhaustible, all countries regard the development of solar energy as an important part of sustainable development.

[0003] At present, there are certain defects in the structure of solar cells. Light needs to be irradiated at a specific angle and they can generally only be used in relatively open places. In highly densely populated urban areas, solar power generation facilities are difficult to apply on a large scale.

[0004] Most of the curtain walls of buildings and shelters of public facilities in modern cities are made of transparent tempered glass. Integrating solar power generation systems into these locations can not only keep their appearance unchanged, but also collect solar energy over a large area in the city. At present, the efficiency of solar power generation systems is relatively low, mainly because the solar concentrator system is not efficient enough. The solar energy irradiated on the concentrator system is not effectively absorbed and converted into electrical energy by the solar panels. At the same time, some waveguide solar concentrators also have the disadvantages of poor stability of fluorescent materials, heavy metals, and short solar cells. If the solar panels are directly attached to the glass, the indoor light will be seriously weakened. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent modes and an implementation method thereof.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar energy collection device capable of switching a transparent mode, comprising:

[0007] A first holographic waveguide grating, attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is used to diffract light into the waveguide matrix so that the light entering the waveguide matrix is ​​totally reflected in the waveguide matrix;

[0008] A solar panel unit is used to receive the light output from the waveguide matrix, and the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide matrix is ​​incident on the solar panel unit.

[0009] The waveguide substrate of the present invention is generally a glass substrate, and the thickness is generally 8-12mm. By attaching a first holographic waveguide grating on the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the light irradiated thereon is diffracted into the waveguide substrate, and lossless total reflection transmission occurs inside the waveguide substrate, and finally the light is guided out from the waveguide substrate to irradiate on the solar panel unit. The setting position of the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide substrate is incident on the solar panel unit, breaking the existing fixed installation method of solar panels that must be installed outdoors, breaking the inherent prejudice in the industry, and is an important technical innovation in this field. It also avoids the situation where the existing solar panels are directly attached to the glass to collect light energy, resulting in severe weakening of indoor light. And because the first holographic waveguide grating can diffract nearly 80% of the light irradiated thereon into the waveguide substrate for lossless total reflection transmission, the light is transmitted to the solar panel unit, and the light is concentrated efficiently, avoiding the waste of a large amount of light energy.

[0010] Furthermore, since the efficiency of the first holographic waveguide grating is about 80%, in order to further reduce the indoor light and improve the light collection efficiency, a holographic waveguide grating can be glued to the lower part of the waveguide matrix. Therefore, the solar energy collection device also includes a second holographic waveguide grating, which is attached to the lower surface of the waveguide matrix and is used to couple the light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating into the waveguide matrix again, so that it is fully reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix.

[0011] Furthermore, the end portion of the waveguide matrix includes an uneven structure for guiding the light out of the waveguide matrix. The uneven structure may be a wedge-shaped or sawtooth-shaped structure, or other structures, as long as it ensures that the light transmitted in the waveguide matrix can be smoothly emitted from the waveguide matrix, wherein the solar cell panel unit is tightly attached to the uneven structure of the waveguide matrix to collect the light overflowing from the waveguide matrix.

[0012] Furthermore, the end portion of the waveguide matrix may also be flat. However, in order to guide the light in the waveguide matrix out of the waveguide, a third holographic waveguide grating needs to be attached to the end portion of the waveguide matrix so that the light totally reflected in the waveguide matrix is ​​coupled out of the waveguide matrix and irradiated onto the solar cell panel unit, thereby collecting light energy. That is, the end portion of the waveguide matrix to which the third holographic waveguide grating is attached is a plane.

[0013] The waveguide substrate and the holographic waveguide grating may be provided with a protective layer with high transparency, and the material of the protective layer may be glass or resin.

[0014] Further, the first holographic waveguide grating and / or the second holographic waveguide grating and / or the third holographic waveguide grating adopt polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The raw materials of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal include polymer, initiator system, liquid crystal, surfactant, etc. The polymer monomer is the main substance in the photocuring process and accounts for a large proportion in the formula. It is generally a low molecular compound that is cyclic, unsaturated or contains two or more functional groups, and most of them are materials of acrylate and its derivatives. Other commonly used monomers include epoxy acrylate, allyl compound, vinyl compound and polyester acrylate. The polymers we use are polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, the supplier is Aladdin, USA; trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the supplier is Aladdin, USA. The characteristic is that it can absorb energy and polymerize low molecular compounds into high molecular compounds. The liquid crystal is TEB30A nematic liquid crystal, provided by Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Materials Co., Ltd., which is a nematic liquid crystal with a birefringence of 0.2, and the refractive index of the polymer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal. The choice of polymer can make the liquid crystal box in a transparent state when not working. The initiator is a laser-sensitive dye that can absorb the energy of the laser and promote photopolymerization. Its selection is determined by the wavelength of the laser. It can be photosensitizers such as Rose Bengal, Eosin Y, Riboflavin, and Methylene Blue, etc. The supplier is Aladdin of the United States. The co-initiator: N-phenylglycine, provided by Aldrich of the United States. For example, when the excitation light is a 532nm green laser, the initiator can be Rose Bengal; when the excitation light is a 632.8nm red laser, the initiator can be methylene blue, etc. The active diluent material reduces the viscosity of the system, and N-vinyl pyrrolidone is selected. The role of the surfactant is to reduce the surface tension of the material system and reduce the driving voltage of the material system. The selected material is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, provided by ChemService of the United States, wherein the refractive index of the polymer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal, and the weight ratio of polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 35-45: 0.5-1: 8-12: 35-45: 8-12. Determine the total weight of the raw materials, prepare the polymer dispersed liquid crystal material according to the mass proportion of each raw material, and emulsify the above mixed material in a dark room using an ultrasonic emulsifier for 48 hours. Pour the prepared polymer dispersed liquid crystal material into the prepared liquid crystal box, and there is a transparent conductive film on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal box. Place the liquid crystal box sealed with holographic material (polymer dispersed liquid crystal material) in the interference field caused by the laser to prepare an electrically controllable holographic waveguide grating. When the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic waveguide grating is not powered, it is equivalent to a piece of transparent glass. When voltage is applied, it exhibits grating characteristics and deflects light. At this time, the solar cell panel begins to collect light energy. Since the driving voltage of the waveguide grating is relatively low, at about 4V, the power consumption is small, and the power generation of the solar cell is greater than the power consumption of the holographic waveguide grating when it is working.

[0015] The curtain walls and windows of buildings in modern cities are generally made of tempered glass. Curtains are generally used for shading. This results in a considerable amount of light energy being wasted. In order to achieve both lighting and energy saving, the present invention designs a solar energy collection device of the present invention. While having the shading function of curtains, it can also collect solar energy. The solar energy collection device of the present invention can be applied to scenes such as windows on the facades of buildings and automobile glass to solve the technical problem of collecting solar energy on the glass facades of modern urban buildings and not shading when sunlight is needed. It is a solar energy collection device that can switch to a transparent mode.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for realizing that the above-mentioned solar energy collection device can switch to a transparent mode, comprising:

[0017] When the first holographic waveguide grating is in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix and is output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection;

[0018] When the first holographic waveguide grating is in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate and the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission;

[0019] By switching the first holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for realizing that the above-mentioned solar energy collection device can switch to a transparent mode, comprising:

[0021] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, and is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection.

[0022] The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection;

[0023] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, and the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission;

[0024] By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for realizing that the above-mentioned solar energy collection device can switch to a transparent mode, comprising:

[0026] When the first holographic waveguide grating, the second holographic waveguide grating, and the third holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix, and is coupled out through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the waveguide matrix on the solar panel unit for light energy collection.

[0027] The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and coupled out of the waveguide matrix through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the solar panel unit for light energy collection;

[0028] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, and the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission;

[0029] By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between working state and non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching, wherein the third holographic waveguide grating is always in working state.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The solar energy collection device with switchable transparent mode in the example of the present invention attaches a first holographic waveguide grating on the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, so that the light irradiated thereon is diffracted into the waveguide substrate, and lossless total reflection transmission occurs inside the waveguide substrate, and finally is led out from the waveguide substrate to irradiate on the solar panel unit. The setting position of the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide substrate is incident on the solar panel unit, breaking the existing fixed installation method of solar panels that must be installed outdoors, breaking the inherent prejudice in the industry, and is an important technical innovation in this field. It also avoids the situation that the existing solar panels are directly attached to the glass to collect light energy, resulting in serious weakening of indoor light. And because the first holographic waveguide grating can diffract nearly 80% of the light irradiated thereon into the waveguide substrate for lossless total reflection transmission, and transmit the light to the solar panel unit, the light is concentrated efficiently, avoiding the waste of a large amount of light energy, and can achieve the purpose of both lighting and energy saving. It is easy to install and low in cost.

[0032] 2. The solar energy collection device of the example of the present invention can switch the transparent mode. By switching the holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching. The operation is simple and easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal waveguide grating of the present invention when it is not working;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal waveguide grating of the present invention when it is working;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] The solar energy collection device of this embodiment includes a waveguide substrate (waveguide layer 100), a first holographic waveguide grating (grating 201), a second holographic waveguide grating (grating 202), and a solar cell panel unit (composed of a first solar cell panel 301 and a second solar cell panel 302).

[0040] in,

[0041] A first holographic waveguide grating, attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is used to diffract light into the waveguide matrix so that the light entering the waveguide matrix is ​​totally reflected in the waveguide matrix;

[0042] A second holographic waveguide grating is attached to the lower surface of the waveguide matrix and is used to couple the light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating into the waveguide matrix again, so that the light is fully reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix;

[0043] A solar panel unit is used to receive the light output from the waveguide matrix, and the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide matrix is ​​incident on the solar panel unit, wherein the end portion of the waveguide matrix includes an uneven structure for guiding the light out of the waveguide matrix, and the uneven structure can be a wedge-shaped or sawtooth-shaped structure, or other structures, as long as it can ensure that the light transmitted in the waveguide matrix can be smoothly emitted from the waveguide matrix, wherein the solar panel unit is closely attached to the uneven structure of the waveguide matrix to collect the light overflowing from the waveguide matrix. Figure 1 As shown, the uneven structure is a wedge-shaped structure, and the solar panel unit includes a first solar panel and a second solar panel, and the first solar panel and the second solar panel are respectively attached to the wedge-shaped structure surface. Of course, the uneven structure can be other structures, such as a sawtooth structure, and the solar panel unit does not have to be a plurality of solar panels. As long as the sawtooth structure is close enough or the sawtooth is small enough, the solar panel unit can be a single solar panel.

[0044] The method for realizing that the solar energy collection device can switch to a transparent mode comprises:

[0045] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, and is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection.

[0046] The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection;

[0047] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, and the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission;

[0048] By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the waveguide layer 100 is glued with gratings 201 and gratings 202 on the upper and lower sides respectively. The upper grating 201 diffracts the sunlight into the waveguide matrix to cause total reflection, and then emits at the end of the waveguide matrix to irradiate the solar cell panels 301 and 302. The lower grating 202 couples the light that is not completely diffracted by the upper grating 201 into the waveguide matrix again, causing total reflection transmission, and finally outputs at the end of the waveguide matrix to irradiate the solar cell panels 301 and 302.

[0050] The polymer liquid crystal material 600 is composed of a polymer, an initiator system, an active diluent, a liquid crystal, a surfactant, and the like. The polymer monomer is the main substance in the photocuring process and accounts for a large proportion in the formula. It is generally a low molecular weight compound that is cyclic, unsaturated, or contains two or more functional groups, and most of them are materials of acrylates and their derivatives. Other commonly used monomers include epoxy acrylates, allyl compounds, vinyl compounds, and polyester acrylates. The polymers we use are polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, the supplier is Aladdin of the United States; trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the supplier is Aladdin of the United States. The characteristic is that it can absorb energy and polymerize low molecular weight compounds into high molecular weight compounds. The liquid crystal is TEB30A nematic liquid crystal, provided by Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Materials Co., Ltd. It is a nematic liquid crystal with a birefringence of 0.2. The refractive index of the polymer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal. The choice of polymer can make the liquid crystal box transparent when not working. The initiator is a dye that is sensitive to lasers and can absorb the energy of lasers to promote photopolymerization. The choice is determined by the wavelength of the laser. It can be photosensitizers such as Rose Bengal, Eosin Y, Riboflavin, Methylene Blue, etc., and the supplier is Aladdin of the United States. The co-initiator: N-phenylglycine, provided by Aldrich of the United States. For example, when the excitation light is a 532nm green laser, the initiator can be Rose Bengal; when the excitation light is a 632.8nm red laser, the initiator can be methylene blue, etc. The active diluent material reduces the viscosity of the system, and N-vinyl pyrrolidone is selected. The function of the surfactant is to reduce the surface tension of the material system and reduce the driving voltage of the material system. The selected material is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The mass ratio of each raw material is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant, the weight ratio is 35-45: 0.5-1: 8-12: 35-45: 8-12. The total weight of each raw material was determined, and the polymer liquid crystal material was prepared according to the mass ratio of each raw material. The mixed material was emulsified in a dark room using an ultrasonic emulsifier for 48 hours.

[0051] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the prepared polymer dispersed liquid crystal material is poured into the prepared liquid crystal box, which is composed of glass 401, 402 and transparent conductive films 501, 502 coated on the inner surface thereof respectively. The liquid crystal box sealed with holographic material 600 is placed in the interference field caused by laser to prepare electrically controllable holographic waveguide gratings 201, 202.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , when no power is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic waveguide grating, it is equivalent to a piece of transparent glass. When external light 010 is irradiated on the grating, it is refracted into the grating, and light 020 is the refracted light, which is then refracted to form light 040. The direction of light 040 is the same as that of light 010. Figure 3 As shown, when voltage is applied, it exhibits grating characteristics, deflects light 020, and the propagation angle of diffracted light 021 in the grating is greater than the total reflection angle, so the light can propagate without loss in the grating. When the grating is glued to glass with matching refractive index, light 021 can be propagated by total reflection in the glass. When the incident light 010 passes through the transmitted light 020 of the upper grating layer 201 and irradiates the lower grating layer 202, diffraction occurs, and the diffracted light 022 continues to be totally reflected in the waveguide matrix. When the diffracted light 021 and 022 are transmitted to the wedge-shaped structure at the end, the angle is less than the total reflection angle, so that they are emitted from the waveguide matrix and irradiate on the solar cell panels 301 and 302. Since the driving voltage of the waveguide grating is relatively low, about 4V, and the power consumption is small, the power generation of the solar cell is greater than the power consumption when the waveguide grating is working. When the waveguide grating is working, the light in the room is in a dark state. When the waveguide grating is not working, the light in the room is in a bright state.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] The solar energy collection device of this embodiment includes a waveguide substrate (waveguide layer 100), a first holographic waveguide grating (grating 201), a second holographic waveguide grating (grating 202), a third holographic waveguide grating (grating 210), and a solar panel unit (composed of a solar panel 300).

[0055] in,

[0056] A first holographic waveguide grating, attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is used to diffract light into the waveguide matrix so that the light entering the waveguide matrix is ​​totally reflected in the waveguide matrix;

[0057] A second holographic waveguide grating is attached to the lower surface of the waveguide matrix and is used to couple the light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating into the waveguide matrix again, so that the light is fully reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix;

[0058] The third holographic waveguide grating is attached to the end of the waveguide matrix so that the light totally reflected in the waveguide matrix is ​​coupled out of the waveguide matrix and irradiated onto the solar panel unit. The end of the waveguide matrix to which the third holographic waveguide grating is attached is a plane.

[0059] A solar panel unit is used to receive the light output from the waveguide matrix, and the solar panel unit is oriented so that the light output from the waveguide matrix is ​​incident on the solar panel unit.

[0060] The method for realizing that the solar energy collection device can switch to a transparent mode comprises:

[0061] When the first holographic waveguide grating, the second holographic waveguide grating, and the third holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix, and is coupled out through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the waveguide matrix on the solar panel unit for light energy collection.

[0062] The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and coupled out of the waveguide matrix through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the solar panel unit for light energy collection;

[0063] When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is transmitted through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate, and the third holographic waveguide grating at the end of the waveguide substrate;

[0064] By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between working state and non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching, wherein the third holographic waveguide grating is always in working state.

[0065] like Figure 4As shown, a grating layer is glued on the upper and lower sides of the waveguide layer 100, and the upper grating 201 diffracts the sunlight into the waveguide matrix to cause total reflection, and then emits at the end of the waveguide matrix to illuminate the solar cell panel 300. The lower grating 202 couples the light that is not completely diffracted by the upper grating 201 into the waveguide matrix again, so that it is transmitted by total reflection and illuminates the coupled output grating 210 at the end of the waveguide matrix, and then outputs from the waveguide matrix to illuminate the solar cell panel 300.

[0066] The polymer liquid crystal material 600 includes a polymer, an initiator system, a liquid crystal, and a surfactant. The polymer monomer is the main substance in the photocuring process and accounts for a large proportion in the formula. It is generally a low molecular compound that is cyclic, unsaturated, or contains two or more functional groups, and most of them are materials of acrylates and their derivatives. Other commonly used monomers include epoxy acrylates, allyl compounds, vinyl compounds, and polyester acrylates. The polymers we use are polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, the supplier is Aladdin of the United States; trimethylolpropane triacrylate, the supplier is Aladdin of the United States. The characteristic is that it can absorb energy and polymerize low molecular compounds into high molecular compounds. The liquid crystal is TEB30A nematic liquid crystal, provided by Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Materials Co., Ltd. The liquid crystal selected is a nematic liquid crystal with a birefringence of 0.2, and the refractive index of the polymer is the same as the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal. The selection of the polymer can make the liquid crystal box in a transparent state when not working. The initiator is a dye that is sensitive to lasers and can absorb the energy of the laser and promote the photopolymerization reaction. Its selection is determined by the wavelength of the laser. It can be photosensitizer rose bengal, eosin Y, riboflavin, methylene blue, etc., and the supplier is Aladdin, USA. The co-initiator: N-phenylglycine, provided by Aldrich, USA. For example, when the excitation light is a 532nm green laser, the initiator can be rose bengal; when the excitation light is a 632.8nm red laser, the initiator can be methylene blue, etc. The active diluent material reduces the viscosity of the system, and N-vinyl pyrrolidone is selected. The function of the surfactant is to reduce the surface tension of the material system and reduce the driving voltage of the material system. The selected material is polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The weight ratio of each raw material is 35-45:0.5-1:8-12:35-45:8-12. Determine the total weight of the raw materials, prepare the polymer dispersed liquid crystal material according to the mass proportion of each raw material, and emulsify the above mixed material in a dark room using an ultrasonic emulsifier for 48 hours.

[0067] like Figure 2 , 3As shown, the prepared polymer dispersed liquid crystal material is poured into the prepared liquid crystal box, which is composed of glass 401, 402 and transparent conductive films 501, 502 coated on the inner surface thereof respectively. The liquid crystal box sealed with the holographic material 600 is placed in the interference field caused by the laser to prepare the electrically controllable holographic waveguide gratings 201, 202, 210.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , when no power is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic waveguide grating, it is equivalent to a piece of transparent glass. When external light 010 is irradiated on the grating, it is refracted into the grating, and light 020 is the refracted light, which is then refracted to form light 040. The direction of light 040 is the same as that of light 010. Figure 3 As shown, when voltage is applied, it exhibits grating characteristics, deflects light 020, and the propagation angle of diffracted light 021 in the grating is greater than the total reflection angle, so the light can propagate without loss in the grating. When the grating is glued to glass with matching refractive index, light 021 can be totally reflected and propagated in the glass. When the incident light 010 passes through the transmitted light 020 of the upper grating layer 201 and irradiates the lower grating layer 202, diffraction occurs, and the diffracted light 022 continues to be totally reflected in the waveguide matrix. When the diffracted light 021 and 022 are transmitted to the coupled output grating 210, they are diffracted out of the waveguide matrix and irradiate on the solar cell panel 300. Since the driving voltage of the waveguide grating is relatively low, at about 4V, and the power consumption is small, the power generation of the solar cell is greater than the power consumption when the waveguide grating is working. When the waveguide grating is working, the light in the room is in a dark state. When the waveguide grating is not working, the light in the room is in a bright state.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] The features common to the first embodiment are not described in detail here. The features different from the first embodiment are as follows:

[0071] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 35:0.5:11.5:41:12.

[0072] Embodiment 4

[0073] The features common to the first embodiment are not described in detail here. The features different from the first embodiment are as follows:

[0074] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 37:0.5:10:40:12.5.

[0075] Embodiment 5

[0076] The features common to the first embodiment are not described in detail here. The features different from the first embodiment are as follows:

[0077] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 37:1:9:44:9.

[0078] Embodiment 6

[0079] The features common to the first embodiment are not described in detail here. The features different from the first embodiment are as follows:

[0080] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 39:1:10:40:10.

[0081] Embodiment 7

[0082] The features common to the second embodiment of this embodiment are not described in detail. The features different from the second embodiment of this embodiment are as follows:

[0083] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 35:0.6:9.7:45:9.7.

[0084] Embodiment 8

[0085] The features common to the second embodiment of this embodiment are not described in detail. The features different from the second embodiment of this embodiment are as follows:

[0086] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 45:0.8:9.6:35:9.6.

[0087] Embodiment 9

[0088] The features common to the second embodiment of this embodiment are not described in detail. The features different from the second embodiment of this embodiment are as follows:

[0089] The weight ratio of each raw material of the polymer liquid crystal material 600 is: polymer: initiator system: active diluent: liquid crystal: surfactant is 40:0.8:9.6:40:9.6.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A solar energy collection device capable of switching to a transparent mode, characterized in that: include: A first holographic waveguide grating, attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is used to diffract light into the waveguide matrix so that the light entering the waveguide matrix is ​​totally reflected in the waveguide matrix; a solar panel unit for receiving light output from the waveguide matrix, the solar panel unit being oriented so that the light output from the waveguide matrix is ​​incident on the solar panel unit; It also includes a second holographic waveguide grating, which is attached to the lower surface of the waveguide matrix and is used to couple the light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating into the waveguide matrix again, so that the light is fully reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix; The terminal end of the waveguide matrix includes an uneven structure for guiding light out of the waveguide matrix, wherein the uneven structure includes a wedge-shaped or sawtooth-shaped structure; The solar panel unit comprises a first solar panel and a second solar panel, wherein the first solar panel and the second solar panel are respectively attached to the wedge-shaped structural surface; and collects light overflowing from the end portion of the waveguide matrix.

2. The solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third holographic waveguide grating attached to the end of the waveguide matrix, so that the light that is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix is ​​coupled out of the waveguide matrix and irradiated onto the solar cell panel unit.

3. The solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent modes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end portion of the waveguide substrate to which the third holographic waveguide grating is attached is flat.

4. The solar energy collection device capable of switching transparent mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used on building facade windows or car glass.

5. A method for realizing a switchable transparent mode of a solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first holographic waveguide grating is in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix and is output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection; When the first holographic waveguide grating is in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate and the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission; By switching the first holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching.

6. A method for realizing a switchable transparent mode of a solar energy collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, and is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection. The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and output to the solar cell panel unit for light energy collection; When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, and the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission; By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between the working state and the non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching.

7. A method for realizing a switchable transparent mode of a solar energy collection device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When the first holographic waveguide grating, the second holographic waveguide grating, and the third holographic waveguide grating are in working state, light is diffracted into the waveguide matrix through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide matrix, is totally reflected in the waveguide matrix, and is coupled out through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the waveguide matrix on the solar panel unit for light energy collection. The light that is not completely diffracted by the first holographic waveguide grating is coupled into the waveguide matrix again through the second holographic waveguide grating, so that it is totally reflected and transmitted in the waveguide matrix and coupled out of the waveguide matrix through the third holographic waveguide grating to illuminate the solar panel unit for light energy collection; When the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating are in a non-working state, light is output through the first holographic waveguide grating attached to the outer surface of the waveguide substrate, the waveguide substrate, and the second holographic waveguide grating on the lower surface of the waveguide substrate to achieve light transmission; By switching the first holographic waveguide grating and the second holographic waveguide grating between working state and non-working state, the solar energy collection device can realize light energy collection and light transmission mode switching, wherein the third holographic waveguide grating is always in working state.

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