A THA surgical guide

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a THA surgical guide and a construction method thereof. The present invention provides a method for constructing a THA surgical guide model, comprising: providing a three-dimensional model of a part to be repaired; constructing a guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent thereto; constructing a guide portion, the guide portion comprising a guide hole, the guide hole facing the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction is consistent with the expected orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis; constructing a positioning hole based on a marking point on the acetabulum surface, the positioning hole extending from the outer side of the guide body to the marking point; constructing a gripping portion based on the outer side of the guide body. During the THA surgery, the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention can guide the doctor to determine the position and orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis, thereby improving the placement accuracy of the acetabular cup prosthesis, reducing the failure rate of the operation, and ensuring that the patient has a more comfortable life experience after recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a THA surgical guide plate and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hip replacement is a treatment method to relieve hip pain, correct deformity, restore and improve joint movement function. It is also called total hip replacement (THA). It uses an artificial prosthesis to replace the diseased joint, including the femoral part and the acetabulum part, to achieve the purpose of reconstructing the patient's hip joint. For the acetabulum side, the success of the operation depends on the position and direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis implanted during the operation, that is, the anteversion angle, abduction angle, and placement point of the acetabular cup. The orientation of the acetabular cup is a three-dimensional spatial angle, which depends largely on the doctor's experience during the operation. Therefore, the failure of the operation due to the position and direction error of the acetabular cup prosthesis is a major risk in THA surgery. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a THA surgical guide and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present invention provides a method for constructing a THA surgical guide model, comprising:

[0005] Providing a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the outer side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto;

[0006] The guide body is constructed based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing;

[0007] Constructing a guide portion, the guide portion comprising a guide hole, the guide hole facing the outer surface of the iliac wing and extending in a direction consistent with the expected direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0008] Constructing a positioning hole based on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point;

[0009] A gripping portion is constructed based on the outer side of the guide plate body.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, it also includes:

[0011] Providing a three-dimensional model of the hip joint, wherein the three-dimensional model of the hip joint includes a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired and a three-dimensional model of the femur;

[0012] The acetabulum and femur are separated by a spherical mask, the radius of which matches the femoral head, to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method of constructing a guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing specifically includes:

[0014] The guide plate fitting surface is constructed based on the acetabular surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing;

[0015] The guide body is constructed based on the guide fitting surface.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the contact area between the guide body and the outer surface of the iliac wing is 1 to 3 cm 2 .

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the guide plate body fills the acetabulum and extends to the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent to the acetabulum.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the guide portion is a cylinder, the length of the guide hole is 2 to 5 cm, and the diameter of the guide hole is 1 to 3 mm.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the marking point is located at the center of the acetabulum, and the diameter of the positioning hole is 3 to 8 mm.

[0020] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a THA surgical guide, the method comprising: constructing a THA surgical guide model obtained according to the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model, and preparing the THA surgical guide.

[0021] Another aspect of the present invention provides a THA surgical guide, which is constructed by the construction method of the THA surgical guide model or prepared by the preparation method of the THA surgical guide.

[0022] Another aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide are implemented.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention provides a device, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the device performs the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide model.

[0024] Another aspect of the present invention provides a device, comprising:

[0025] A three-dimensional model providing module is used to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto;

[0026] A guide plate fitting surface construction module, used for constructing a guide plate fitting surface based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing;

[0027] A guide construction module, used to construct a guide, wherein the guide includes a guide hole, the guide hole faces the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction is consistent with the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0028] A positioning hole construction module, used to construct a positioning hole based on a marking point on the surface of the acetabulum, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point;

[0029] A gripping portion construction module, used to construct a gripping portion based on the outer side of the guide plate body;

[0030] Optionally, it also includes: a guide plate preparation module, used to prepare a THA surgical guide according to the constructed THA surgical guide model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3a Shown is a schematic diagram of the postoperative results of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3b Shown is a schematic diagram of the postoperative results of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4a Shown is a schematic diagram of the postoperative results of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4b Shown is a schematic diagram of the postoperative results of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the definition of the hip joint center and the separation of the acetabulum and femur on the affected side according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the definition of the anterior pelvic plane and the mid-sagittal plane according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of a cutout area and a guide plate profile curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Component number description

[0041] 1 Guide body

[0042] 11 Guide plate fitting surface

[0043] 12 Outer side of guide bar

[0044] 2. Guide

[0045] 21 Guide hole

[0046] 3 Positioning holes

[0047] 4 Grip DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] After a lot of exploratory research, the inventors of the present invention have provided a THA surgical guide and a construction method thereof, wherein the THA surgical guide can guide the position and orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis during surgery, effectively reducing the failure rate of surgery, and the present invention was completed on this basis.

[0049] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for constructing a THA surgical guide model, comprising:

[0050] S1) providing a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto;

[0051] S2) constructing the guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing;

[0052] S3) constructing a guide portion, wherein the guide portion includes a guide hole, wherein the guide hole faces the outer surface of the iliac wing and extends in a direction consistent with an expected direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0053] S4) constructing a positioning hole based on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point;

[0054] S5) A gripping portion is constructed based on the outer side of the guide plate body.

[0055] The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may include: providing a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto. The three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired generally refers to a three-dimensional model of the bone of a patient who needs to undergo THA surgery, which is usually separated from the femoral part, and at least needs to include a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a portion of the three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing, and the three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing is usually required to be adjacent to the acetabulum. The three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired can usually be obtained by importing CT data into software, and specifically can be software such as Mimics, slicer, etc.

[0056] The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may also include: providing a three-dimensional model of a hip joint, the three-dimensional model of a hip joint including a three-dimensional model of a part to be repaired and a three-dimensional model of a femur; separating the acetabulum and the femur by a spherical mask to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired. As described above, the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired is usually separated from the femoral part, and the actual three-dimensional model obtained after data import usually includes both the acetabulum and the femur, so it is necessary to use a suitable method to separate the two parts. In the present invention, the inventor separates the acetabulum and the femur by a spherical mask, that is, a spherical surface or a sphere with a radius matching the femoral head is used and placed in the acetabulum. The radius of the spherical surface or the sphere can usually be slightly larger than the radius of the femoral head, and slightly smaller than the radius of the acetabulum, so that the femoral head can be effectively shielded, and the acetabulum is separated from the femur, thereby providing a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired.

[0057] The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may also include: constructing a guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent thereto. The guide body is usually filled in the acetabulum and extends to the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent to the acetabulum, and provides support for other components on the guide body. The guide body usually includes a fitting surface for fitting the acetabulum surface and the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent thereto, and the fitting surfaces at the two locations can be connected as a whole. Generally speaking, the guide body and the outer surface of the iliac wing need to have a suitable fitting area to ensure that components such as guide holes can be constructed thereon. For example, the fitting area between the guide body and the outer surface of the iliac wing is 1 to 3 cm. 2 , 1~2cm 2 , or 2-3 cm 2 . In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for constructing a guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing specifically includes: constructing a guide fitting surface based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing; constructing a guide body based on the guide fitting surface. The guide fitting surface is usually matched with the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing. After obtaining the guide fitting surface, the guide fitting surface can be extended in a suitable direction (for example, the extension direction can be basically consistent with the acetabulum opening direction) by a suitable distance, thereby forming a guide body. Since the guide fitting surface is a curved surface, the extension distance of each point on the guide fitting surface can be different. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extension distance of the part of the guide fitting surface that matches the lateral surface of the iliac wing is relatively small, and the guide fitting surface can extend to a specific plane, thereby forming a guide body of suitable thickness.

[0058] In the present invention, the method for obtaining the guide plate fitting surface can specifically include: obtaining the fitting surface projection base surface, and projecting the fitting surface projection base surface to obtain the guide plate fitting surface. The fitting surface projection base surface is usually matched with the edge of the acetabulum opening, and the projection direction of the fitting surface projection base surface is usually matched with the opening direction of the acetabulum. Specifically, the fitting surface projection base surface and its projection direction can be appropriately adjusted, so as to ensure that the fitting surface projection base surface and its projection direction can at least cover the acetabulum surface and the required adjacent iliac wing lateral surface after being projected onto the acetabulum surface and the iliac wing lateral surface, so that the guide plate fitting surface can be formed by the obtained projection surface. For example, the acetabulum is a shape that is basically similar to a semicircle, and a plane can be formed based on the edge of its opening, and the fitting surface projection base surface can usually be basically parallel to the plane, and is located on the side of the acetabulum opening, and the projection direction of the fitting surface projection base surface can be consistent with the opening direction of the acetabulum.

[0059] The method for constructing the THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may also include: constructing a guide portion, the guide portion including a guide hole, the guide hole facing the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction is consistent with the expected orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis. The guide portion is usually used to guide the orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis during THA surgery. Generally speaking, in the coordinate system of the pelvis, the anteversion angle of the orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis can be 15-25°, 15-20°, or 20-25°, and the abduction angle can be 30-50°, 30-35°, 35-40°, 40-45°, or 45-50° (the specific definition method of the pelvic coordinate system can refer to the embodiment part of this application). After determining the orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis when it is actually placed, the guide portion can be constructed according to the orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis. The guide portion and the guide hole are usually oriented toward the outer surface of the iliac wing, so that in THA surgery, after the THA surgical guide is fully attached to the acetabulum, the needle body (e.g., an etching needle) can be inserted from the guide hole into the iliac wing through the guide hole to play the role of marking the preset acetabular cup prosthesis orientation, so that when the acetabular cup prosthesis is inserted, the acetabular cup prosthesis can be correctly oriented, and after the acetabular cup prosthesis is placed in a suitable position and angle, the needle body can be removed. The guide hole usually extends in a straight line and requires a suitable length to ensure the accuracy of the direction marking. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the guide portion and / or the guide hole can be a cylinder, preferably a concentric cylinder, the length of the guide hole can be 2 to 5 cm, 2 to 3 cm, 3 to 4 cm, or 4 to 5 cm, the aperture of the guide hole can be 1 to 3 mm, 1 to 2 mm, or 2 to 3 mm, and the diameter of the cross section of the guide portion can be 4 to 10 mm, 4 to 6 mm, 6 to 8 mm, or 8 to 10 mm.

[0060] The construction method of the THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may also include: constructing a positioning hole based on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide body to the marking point. The positioning hole is usually used to mark the marking point in the acetabulum during THA surgery. After the THA surgical guide is fully fitted to the acetabulum, the preset acetabulum surface (e.g., the marking point) can be marked from the outside of the guide through the positioning hole. As described above, after the THA surgical guide is fully fitted to the acetabulum, the needle body is inserted from the guide hole into the iliac wing through the guide hole, and then the THA surgical guide can be taken away, and a first mark of a suitable shape is set on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, and on the surface of the acetabulum cup prosthesis corresponding to the acetabulum surface, there is usually a second mark that matches the shape of the marker, so that when the acetabulum cup prosthesis is placed, the correct position of the acetabulum cup prosthesis can be ensured, for example, a depression can be formed on the acetabulum surface, and a matching protrusion is set on the acetabulum cup prosthesis surface at the corresponding position. The positioning hole usually extends in a straight line, and the corresponding marking point is usually located near the center of the acetabulum to facilitate the fit of the prosthesis position, and needs to have a certain width to facilitate intraoperative marking. The size of the positioning hole can usually be adjusted according to the actual size of the acetabulum. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the marking point can be located at the center of the acetabulum, and the aperture of the positioning hole can be 3-8mm, 3-4mm, 4-5mm, 5-6mm, 6-7mm, or 7-8mm.

[0061] The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided by the present invention may further include: constructing a gripping portion based on the outer side of the guide body. One side of the guide body is the guide fitting surface, and the other side corresponding thereto is the outer side of the guide body, on which a gripping portion may be constructed to facilitate the taking and placing of the guide. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the gripping portion may be a cylinder, and the diameter of the cross section of the gripping portion may be 4 to 10 mm, 4 to 6 mm, 6 to 8 mm, or 8 to 10 mm, and the height of the gripping portion (i.e., the dimension corresponding to the extension direction of the gripping portion) may be 2 to 5 cm, 2 to 3 cm, 3 to 4 cm, or 4 to 5 cm.

[0062] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a THA surgical guide, the method comprising: constructing a THA surgical guide model obtained according to the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided by the first aspect of the present invention, and preparing a THA surgical guide. The method for preparing a THA surgical guide according to the model should be known to those skilled in the art, for example, 3D printing and other methods can be used, and for another example, the material used in the 3D printing process can be a photosensitive resin, etc.

[0063] The third aspect of the present invention provides a THA surgical guide, which is constructed by the construction method of the THA surgical guide model provided by the first aspect of the present invention, or prepared by the preparation method of the THA surgical guide provided by the second aspect of the present invention.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a THA surgical guide, including a guide body 1, wherein the guide body 1 includes a guide fitting surface 11 and a guide outer side surface 12, wherein the guide fitting surface 11 and the guide outer side surface 12 are respectively located on both sides of the guide fitting surface 11, wherein the guide fitting surface 11 is used to fit the acetabulum surface and the outer side surface of the iliac wing adjacent thereto, and further includes a guide portion 2, a positioning hole 3 and a gripping portion 4, wherein the guide portion 2 includes a guide hole 21, wherein the guide hole 21 extends from the outer side of the guide to the fitting surface of the outer side surface of the iliac wing of the guide body 1, wherein the positioning hole 3 extends from the outer side surface 12 of the guide to the fitting surface of the acetabulum surface of the guide body 1, and the gripping portion 4 is located on the outer side surface 12 of the guide. When the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention is used, the guide fitting surface 11 of the guide body 1 can be fully fitted with the acetabular surface and the fitting surface of the adjacent outer surface of the iliac wing. The guide fitting surface 11 generally includes the fitting surface of the outer surface of the iliac wing and the fitting surface of the acetabular surface, and the fitting surfaces at the two locations are connected as a whole. Then, a needle body (e.g., an etching needle) is inserted into the iliac wing through the guide hole, and a preset acetabular surface (e.g., a marking point) is marked from the outside of the guide plate through the positioning hole. Since the extension direction of the guide portion 2 and / or the guide hole 21 is consistent with the preset orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis during the operation, after the guide plate is removed, the needle body can play a role in marking the preset orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis, thereby ensuring the correct orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis when the acetabular cup prosthesis is inserted. In addition, a first mark of a suitable shape can be set on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, and a second mark matching the shape of the mark is usually provided on the surface of the acetabulum cup prosthesis corresponding to the acetabulum surface, so that the acetabulum cup prosthesis can be placed in the correct position. After the acetabulum cup prosthesis is placed at a suitable position and angle, the needle body can be removed.

[0065] In the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention, the guide body 1 is usually used to fill the acetabulum and extend to the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent to the acetabulum. The guide body 1 includes a guide fitting surface 11 and a guide outer side surface 12. The outer side of the guide corresponds to the guide outer side surface 12. The guide fitting surface 11 is usually a curved surface, which includes a portion that fits the acetabulum surface and a portion that fits the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent to the acetabulum. Generally speaking, the area of ​​the portion of the guide fitting surface 11 that fits the acetabulum surface matches the acetabulum, while the portion that fits the outer surface of the iliac wing needs to have a suitable area to facilitate the construction of the guide portion 2. For example, the fitting area of ​​the guide fitting surface 11 and the outer surface of the iliac wing is 1 to 3 cm. 2 , 1~2cm 2 , or 2-3 cm 2 The shape of the outer side surface 12 of the guide plate can be adjusted by those skilled in the art. It can be a curved surface or a flat surface, as long as it can cooperate with the guide plate contact surface 11 to form a guide plate body 1 of a suitable shape. For example, the thickness of the edge of the guide plate body 1 can usually be 2-5 mm, 2-3 mm, 3-4 mm, or 4-5 mm.

[0066] In the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention, as described above, the guide hole 21 is used to guide the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis. The guide hole usually extends in a straight line and needs to be of a suitable length to ensure the accuracy of the direction marking. For example, the guide portion 2 can be a cylinder, the height of the guide portion 2 (i.e., the dimension corresponding to the extension direction of the guide portion 2) can be 2 to 5 cm, 2 to 3 cm, 3 to 4 cm, or 4 to 5 cm, the diameter of the cross section of the guide portion 2 can be 4 to 10 mm, 4 to 6 mm, 6 to 8 mm, or 8 to 10 mm, the length of the guide hole 21 can be 2 to 5 cm, 2 to 3 cm, 3 to 4 cm, or 4 to 5 cm, and the aperture of the guide hole 21 can be 1 to 3 mm, 1 to 2 mm, or 2 to 3 mm.

[0067] In the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention, the position of the positioning hole 3 is usually matched with the marking point (i.e., a position in the acetabulum corresponding to the surface of the acetabular cup prosthesis). After the THA surgical guide is fully fitted to the acetabulum, the positioning hole 3 can extend from the outside of the guide body to the marking point. The positioning hole 3 usually extends in a straight line, and its corresponding marking point is usually located near the middle of the acetabulum, that is, the opening of the positioning hole 3 located on the guide fitting surface 11 is located in the middle of the part of the guide fitting surface 11 used to fit the acetabular surface, so as to facilitate the fit of the prosthesis position, and the positioning hole 3 usually also needs to have a certain width to facilitate intraoperative marking. For example, the opening of the positioning hole 3 located on the guide fitting surface 11 can be located at the center of the part of the guide fitting surface 11 used to fit the acetabular surface, and the length of the positioning hole 3 (i.e., the size corresponding to the extension direction of the positioning hole 3) is usually corresponding to the thickness of the guide, and the aperture can be 3-8mm, 3-4mm, 4-5mm, 5-6mm, 6-7mm, or 7-8mm.

[0068] In the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention, the gripping portion is usually located on the outer side of the guide, and is used to grip the guide to facilitate the taking and placing of the guide. The shape of the gripping portion can be adjusted by those skilled in the art, for example, the gripping portion can be a cylinder, the cross-sectional diameter of the gripping portion can be 4-10 mm, 4-6 mm, 6-8 mm, or 8-10 mm, and the height of the gripping portion (i.e., the dimension corresponding to the extension direction of the gripping portion) can be 2-5 cm, 2-3 cm, 3-4 cm, or 4-5 cm.

[0069] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided in the first aspect of the present invention, or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide provided in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0070] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a device, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the device performs the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model provided in the first aspect of the present invention, or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide provided in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0071] A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a device, which may include:

[0072] A three-dimensional model providing module is used to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto;

[0073] A guide body construction module, used for constructing a guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing;

[0074] A guide construction module, used to construct a guide, wherein the guide includes a guide hole, the guide hole faces the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction is consistent with the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0075] A positioning hole construction module, used to construct a positioning hole based on a marking point on the surface of the acetabulum, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point;

[0076] A gripping portion construction module, used to construct a gripping portion based on the outer side of the guide plate body;

[0077] Optionally, it further includes: a guide plate preparation module, which is used to prepare a THA surgical guide according to the constructed THA surgical guide model. Except for the guide plate preparation module, other modules can be constructed by computer software, and the guide plate preparation module can specifically be a 3D printing device, etc.

[0078] In the present invention, the operating principle of each module in the above-mentioned device can refer to the construction method of the THA surgical guide model and / or the preparation method of the THA surgical guide as described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0079] The THA surgical guide provided by the present invention can be used to perform personalized modeling planning for patients before surgery, can be individually constructed based on specific areas of the patient, and can be formed using 3D printing technology. During the THA surgery, the THA surgical guide provided by the present invention can guide the doctor to determine the position and orientation of the acetabular cup prosthesis, thereby improving the placement accuracy of the acetabular cup prosthesis, reducing the failure rate of the surgery, and ensuring that the patient has a more comfortable life experience after recovery.

[0080] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] 1) Division of the hip joint

[0083] The hip joint is segmented and reconstructed based on the patient's preoperative CT image (using Mimics software). The pelvis and femur are segmented using a spherical mask. The specific method is to use a small ball to simulate the shape of the acetabulum. The size of the small ball matches the femoral head, which is slightly larger than the femoral head and smaller than the acetabulum. The pixels within the small ball are defined as non-pelvic pixels, thereby achieving the segmentation of the pelvis and femur. Figure 5 shown.

[0084] 2) Define the pelvic coordinate system

[0085] The coordinate system of the pelvis is used to plan the orientation of the acetabulum, namely the anteversion angle and abduction angle. Two important planes are involved, namely the anterior pelvic plane and the mid-sagittal pelvic plane. The anterior pelvic plane is tangent to the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle, and the mid-sagittal pelvic plane is the mirror plane of the pelvic model. Figure 6 shown.

[0086] The anteversion angle is the angle between the acetabulum and the front plane in the midsagittal plane, and the abduction angle is the angle between the acetabulum and the front plane in the midsagittal plane.

[0087] 3) Define the matching area

[0088] The center of the spherical mask that divides the hip joint is taken as the center. Figure 7 As shown, the acetabulum is oriented toward the central axis as the Z axis, the intersection of the front edge of the pelvis and the edge of the acetabulum opening as the X axis, and the center of the hip joint (i.e., the center of the spherical mask of the hip joint) as the origin O. The XY plane is moved along the positive direction of the Z axis of the original coordinate system (the direction of the acetabulum opening) by a distance of the acetabulum radius to obtain the plane X'Y'.

[0089] On this plane, four adjustable radii are generated with the plane coordinate origin O' as the center and radiate outward. The upper left corner is the contour parameter adjustment area. The area is composed of the parameters of the front upper, back upper, back lower, and front lower. The four radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, and O'P3 are connected to form an artificially adjustable contour curve. The curve contour can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the radius O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, and O'P3 and the angle between the four radii and the X' axis on the plane X'Y'. Among them, the front upper, back upper, back lower, and front lower refer to the angle of 45° in the front direction, 45° in the back direction, 45° in the front direction, and 45° in the front direction. The adjustment range of the four radii is 10 to 50 mm.

[0090] Two reference lines are stretched from the origin O' and P0 in the positive and negative directions of the Z axis as the axial median line, and a perfect circle is drawn with O', P0 and P1 as the center. Then, the outer circle of the guide hole and the handle are drawn with P0 and P1 as the center, respectively. The outer circle of the guide hole is a circular contour curve fitted by a B-spline curve, and a guide hole is drawn in the outer circle of the guide hole. The extension direction of the outer circle of the guide hole and the guide hole is consistent with the orientation of the preset acetabular cup prosthesis.

[0091] 4) Generate guide plate

[0092] After determining the contour curve, generate a surface S composed of triangular patches with the contour as the boundary 0 Project the surface along the Z axis onto the surface of the pelvic model to generate surface S 1 . The surface S 0 Each point on the surface approaches the model along the Z axis at a step frequency of 1 mm. When the distance between the point and the model surface is less than the thickness T of the guide plate, it stops and connects each adjacent point to form multiple triangular meshes to generate the surface S. 2 . For surface S 1 and S 2 Loft to generate guide plate.

[0093] 5) Printing

[0094] The guide plate model is exported in STL format and printed by a 3D printer.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] The guide plate is constructed according to the steps given in Example 1. During the guide plate construction process, the preset forward inclination is 20° and the abduction is 40°.

[0097] During the operation, after anesthesia, the patient was placed in the lateral position, routine disinfection and draping were performed, and a posterolateral approach was used. The skin, subcutaneous tissue, and deep fascia were incised layer by layer to expose and incise the joint capsule, dislocate the hip joint, perform femoral neck osteotomy, remove the femoral head, fully expose the glenoid cavity, and clean the joint synovium, acetabular labrum, and equinus fossa soft tissue.

[0098] The guide plate is fully contacted with the horseshoe fossa, the anterior and posterior superior parts of the acetabulum, and a Kirschner wire is inserted into the guide hole to locate the center of the acetabulum and the direction of the acetabular cup opening. The acetabulum is ground and the final acetabular cup is installed through the positioning hole according to the positioning Kirschner wire.

[0099] After the operation, the registration of the postoperative anteversion and abduction was verified by CT images. The anteversion was measured to be 23° and the abduction was 38°. The error was within the acceptable range. The detailed results are as follows: Figure 3a and Figure 3b shown.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] The guide plate is constructed according to the steps given in Example 1. During the guide plate construction process, the preset forward inclination is 20° and the abduction is 40°.

[0102] During the operation, after anesthesia, the patient was placed in the lateral position, routine disinfection and draping were performed, and a posterolateral approach was used. The skin, subcutaneous tissue, and deep fascia were incised layer by layer to expose and incise the joint capsule, dislocate the hip joint, perform femoral neck osteotomy, remove the femoral head, fully expose the glenoid cavity, and clean the joint synovium, acetabular labrum, and equinus fossa soft tissue.

[0103] The guide plate is fully contacted with the horseshoe fossa, the anterior and posterior superior parts of the acetabulum, and a Kirschner wire is inserted into the guide hole to locate the center of the acetabulum and the direction of the acetabular cup opening. The acetabulum is ground and the final acetabular cup is installed through the positioning hole according to the positioning Kirschner wire.

[0104] After the operation, the registration of the postoperative anteversion and abduction was verified by CT images. The anteversion was measured to be 27° and the abduction was 43°. The error was within the acceptable range. The detailed results are as follows: Figure 4a and Figure 4b shown.

[0105] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0106] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a THA surgical guide model, comprising: Providing a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the outer side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto; The guide body is constructed based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing; Constructing a guide portion, the guide portion comprising a guide hole, the guide hole facing the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction of the guide hole is consistent with the expected direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis, the guide portion is used to guide the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis, and the guide hole is a cylinder; Constructing a positioning hole based on the marking point on the acetabulum surface, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point; A gripping portion is constructed based on the outer side of the guide plate body; The method for constructing the guide part is: taking the acetabulum toward the central axis as the Z axis, taking the intersection of the front edge of the pelvis and the edge of the acetabulum opening as the X axis, taking the center of the hip joint as the origin O, and moving the XY plane along the positive direction of the Z axis of the original coordinate system by a distance of the acetabulum radius to obtain the plane X'Y'; Generate a circle on the plane X'Y' with the coordinate origin O' of the plane X'Y' as the center and radiate outwards with four radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3. The four radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 are connected to form a contour curve. The contour of the curve can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 and the angle between the four radii and the X' axis on the plane X'Y'. The adjustment range of the radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 is 10-50 mm. Two reference lines are stretched from the origin O' and P0 in the positive and negative directions of the Z axis as the axial median line, and a perfect circular curve is drawn with O', P0 and P1 as the center. Then, the outer circle of the guide hole and the handle are drawn with P0 and P1 as the center, respectively. The circular contour curve is fitted with the B-spline curve as the outer circle of the guide hole, and the guide hole is drawn in the outer circle of the guide hole. The extension direction of the outer circle of the guide hole and the guide hole is consistent with the orientation of the preset acetabular cup prosthesis.

2. The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Providing a three-dimensional model of the hip joint, wherein the three-dimensional model of the hip joint includes a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired and a three-dimensional model of the femur; The acetabulum and femur are separated by a spherical mask, the radius of which matches the femoral head, to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired.

3. The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing the guide body based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing specifically includes: The guide plate fitting surface is constructed based on the acetabular surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing; The guide body is constructed based on the guide fitting surface.

4. The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to claim 1, wherein: The contact area between the guide body and the outer surface of the iliac wing is 1~3cm 2 ; And / or, the guide plate body fills the acetabulum and extends to the outer surface of the iliac wing adjacent to the acetabulum.

5. The method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to claim 1, wherein: The guide portion is a cylinder, the length of the guide hole is 2-5 cm, and the diameter of the guide hole is 1-3 mm; And / or, the marking point is located at the center of the acetabulum, and the aperture of the positioning hole is 3-8 mm.

6. A method for preparing a THA surgical guide, the method comprising: A THA surgical guide is prepared by constructing a THA surgical guide model obtained according to the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A THA surgical guide, constructed by the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or prepared by the method for preparing a THA surgical guide according to claim 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide as described in claim 6 are implemented.

9. A device comprising: A processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory so that the device performs the steps of the method for constructing a THA surgical guide model as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or the steps of the method for preparing a THA surgical guide as described in claim 6.

10. A device for constructing a THA surgical guide, the device comprising: A three-dimensional model providing module is used to provide a three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired, wherein the three-dimensional model of the part to be repaired includes a three-dimensional model of the acetabulum and a three-dimensional model of the lateral side of the iliac wing adjacent thereto; A guide plate fitting surface construction module, used for constructing a guide plate fitting surface based on the acetabulum surface and the adjacent lateral surface of the iliac wing; A guide construction module is used to construct a guide, wherein the guide includes a guide hole, the guide hole faces the outer surface of the iliac wing, and the extension direction is consistent with the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis, the guide is used to guide the direction of the acetabular cup prosthesis, and the guide hole is a cylinder; the method for constructing the guide is: taking the acetabulum as the Z axis, taking the intersection of the pelvic front edge surface and the edge of the acetabulum opening as the X axis, taking the center of the hip joint as the origin O, moving the XY plane along the positive direction of the Z axis of the original coordinate system by a distance of the acetabulum radius to obtain the plane X'Y'; Generate a circle on the plane X'Y' with the coordinate origin O' of the plane X'Y' as the center and radiate outwards with four radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3. The four radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 are connected to form a contour curve. The contour of the curve can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 and the angles between the four radii and the X' axis on the plane X'Y'. The adjustment range of the radii O'P0, O'P1, O'P2, O'P3 is 10-50 mm. Two reference lines are stretched from the origin O' and P0 in the positive and negative directions of the Z axis as the axial median line, and a perfect circle curve is drawn with O', P0 and P1 as the center, and then the outer circle of the guide hole and the handle are drawn with P0 and P1 as the center, respectively. The circular contour curve is fitted with the B-spline curve as the outer circle of the guide hole, and the guide hole is drawn in the outer circle of the guide hole. The extension direction of the outer circle of the guide hole and the guide hole is consistent with the direction of the preset acetabular cup prosthesis; A positioning hole construction module, used to construct a positioning hole based on a marking point on the surface of the acetabulum, wherein the positioning hole extends from the outside of the guide plate body to the marking point; The gripping portion construction module is used to construct the gripping portion based on the outer side of the guide plate body.

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that The device also includes: a guide plate preparation module, which is used to prepare a THA surgical guide plate according to the constructed THA surgical guide plate model.

Images