Integrated device for occurrence and determination of corn lodging

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated device for the occurrence and determination of corn lodging, comprising a frame installed behind a traction device, a plurality of rows of stalk strength determination devices installed in the frame, each row of stalk strength determination devices corresponding to a crop of a ridge, a lateral arrangement of stalk lodging pushing rods installed on the pressure test head at the lower end of each stalk strength determination device; the height of each row of stalk strength determination devices decreases from front to back; the lower end of the stalk strength determination device tilts forward and is substantially perpendicular to the lodged crop stalks. The advantages of the invention are: through traction by the traction device, multiple stalk strength determination devices can be driven to move forward at the same speed, ensuring that the force on the same height of corn is consistent; while simulating lodging, the pressure is measured and recorded, realizing the integration of the occurrence and determination of lodging; the determination of large-scale experimental materials can be completed uniformly and consistently in a short time, greatly improving the experimental efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an integrated device for the occurrence and determination of corn lodging, which is used for testing the lodging resistance of tall-stalk crops (such as corn, sorghum, etc.) and short-stalk crops such as rice and soybean. Background Art

[0002] Lodging refers to the phenomenon that upright-growing crops become crooked in patches or even fall to the ground. Lodging can reduce the yield and quality of crops and make harvesting difficult. Lodging resistance is an important goal of crop breeding. With the increasing degree of mechanization in the planting of tall crops such as corn, the requirements for lodging resistance in corn production are also increasing. How to breed lodging-resistant varieties has become a key and difficult point in corn breeding. The occurrence of lodging is affected by natural environmental factors such as rainfall and strong winds, the occurrence of pests and diseases, and is also related to the crop's own lodging resistance. It is still very difficult to make crops lodged and to evaluate lodging resistance during crop breeding. The existing lodging device uses a fan to generate strong winds to cause crop lodging (Pioneer Corporation of the United States uses an artificial wind-generating device to simulate strong winds of different levels to cause crop lodging). It can only be tested in a fixed site, the number of materials that can be tested is limited, the stress of the experimental materials is uneven, and the related equipment is protected by patents and is expensive. In addition, most existing stem strength testers are single-head force measuring devices, which manually push the crop stems to produce different angles of inclination and then measure the pressure or intensity. They have a low degree of automation, are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and have low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device for the occurrence and measurement of corn lodging, so as to solve the problems of narrow application range, uneven effect, difficulty in measuring the force of stalk lodging and low degree of automation of existing lodging occurrence devices.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A device for the occurrence and measurement of corn lodging is integrated, which includes a frame installed behind a traction device, in which multiple rows of stalk strength measuring devices are installed from front to back, each row of stalk strength measuring devices corresponds to a ridge of crops, and a transversely arranged stalk lodging pushing rod is installed on the pressure test head at the lower end of each stalk strength measuring device; the height of each row of stalk strength measuring devices decreases from front to back; the lower end of the stalk strength measuring device is inclined forward and is basically perpendicular to the lodged crop stems.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame includes front and rear beams, columns and cross beams, the bottom ends of the three columns are connected to the rear of the traction device frame, the top ends of the columns on both sides are vertically connected to the front end of a front and rear beam, and multiple cross beams are connected between the two front and rear beams; the stem strength measuring device is directly or indirectly installed on the cross beam.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, three crossbeams are provided, a row of stem strength measuring devices are installed under each crossbeam, and two stem strength measuring devices are installed in each row; each of the stem strength measuring devices is connected to the corresponding crossbeam above through a height adjustment mechanism.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height adjustment mechanism includes a movable crossbeam, a drooping rod, a movable sleeve and a fastening bolt. The top end of the drooping rod is vertically connected to the bottom of the crossbeam. The movable sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the drooping rod. Screw holes are provided on the tube wall of the movable sleeve and the fastening bolts are installed. The movable crossbeam is connected between the movable sleeves on both sides, and the stem strength measuring device is installed on the movable crossbeam.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic sleeve, a telescopic rod and a fastening bolt, the top end of the telescopic sleeve is vertically connected to the bottom of the cross beam, the top end of the telescopic rod is slidably inserted into the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve, and screw holes are provided on the tube wall of the telescopic sleeve and the fastening bolts are installed; the stem strength measuring device is installed at the bottom end of the telescopic rod.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stalk strength measuring device is connected to the frame via a hinge so that the inclination angle can be adjusted.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal output end of the stalk strength measuring device is connected to a controller, and a data output interface is provided on the controller.

[0012] The advantages of the present invention are: through the traction device, multiple stalk strength measuring devices can be driven to move forward at the same speed, ensuring that corn is subjected to consistent force at the same height; the pressure can be measured and recorded while simulating lodging, realizing the integration of lodging occurrence and measurement; the traction device can directly utilize the existing self-propelled high-pole pesticide sprayer for modification to save costs; the measurement of large-scale experimental materials can be completed uniformly and consistently in a short period of time, and the experimental efficiency is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view);

[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Left side view (excluding the first row of stalk strength measuring devices and related parts);

[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 AA section view.

[0017] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. front and rear beams, 2. upright columns, 3. cross beams, 4. stem strength measuring device, 5. stem lodging pushing rod, 6. traction device, 7. crop stems, 8. ridge furrows, 9. movable cross beam, 10. telescopic sleeve, 11. telescopic rod, 12. fastening bolts, 13. drooping rod, 14. movable sleeve, 15. fastening bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides an integrated device for the occurrence and measurement of corn lodging, comprising a frame installed behind a traction device 6, in which multiple rows of stalk strength measuring devices 4 are installed from front to back, each row of stalk strength measuring devices 4 corresponds to a crop in a ridge, and a stalk lodging pushing rod 5 is installed on the pressure test head at the lower end of each stalk strength measuring device 4; the height of each row of stalk strength measuring devices 4 decreases from front to back; the lower end of the stalk strength measuring device 4 is tilted forward and is substantially perpendicular to the lodging crop stalk. The traction device 6 can be a commonly used agricultural machinery traction device.

[0019] The frame includes front and rear beams 1, columns 2 and cross beams 3. The bottom ends of the three columns 2 are connected to the rear part of the frame of the traction device 6. The top ends of the columns 2 on both sides are vertically connected to the front end of a front and rear beam 1. Multiple cross beams 3 are connected between the two front and rear beams 1. The stem strength measuring device 4 is directly or indirectly installed on the cross beam 3.

[0020] There are three crossbeams 3, and a row of stem strength measuring devices 4 are installed under each crossbeam, and two stem strength measuring devices 4 are installed in each row; each stem strength measuring device 4 is connected to the corresponding crossbeam 3 above through a height adjustment mechanism.

[0021] The height adjustment mechanism includes a movable crossbeam 9, a drooping rod 13, a movable sleeve 14 and a fastening bolt 15. The top of the drooping rod 13 is vertically connected to the bottom of the crossbeam 3. The movable sleeve 14 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the drooping rod 13. Screw holes are provided on the tube wall of the movable sleeve 14 and the fastening bolts 15 are installed. The movable crossbeam 9 is connected between the movable sleeves 14 on both sides, and the stem strength measuring device 4 is installed on the movable crossbeam 9.

[0022] The height adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic sleeve 10, a telescopic rod 11 and a fastening bolt 12. The top end of the telescopic sleeve 10 is vertically connected to the bottom of the crossbeam 3, and the top end of the telescopic rod 11 is slidably inserted into the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve 10. The tube wall of the telescopic sleeve 10 is provided with a screw hole and the fastening bolt 12 is installed; the stem strength measuring device 4 is installed at the bottom end of the telescopic rod 11.

[0023] The height of the stalk strength measuring device 4 and the stalk lodging pressing stick 5 can be appropriately adjusted according to the height of the crop through the height adjustment mechanism. For corn close to maturity, the heights of the three-row stalk lodging pressing sticks 5 are H1=0.5m, H2=1.0m, and H3=1.5m (set according to the variety of the crop). The stalk strength measuring device 4 is connected to the frame through a hinge so that the inclination angle can be adjusted so that the detection head of the stalk strength measuring device 4 is basically in a vertical state with the lodged stalk, making the detection data more accurate. The hinge adopts any conventional structure, and the simplest structure is to adopt a hinge shaft and fasten it with a nut.

[0024] The signal output end of the stalk strength measuring device 4 is connected to a controller, and the controller is provided with a data output interface for connecting to peripherals (such as a printer, a memory, etc.).

[0025] The present invention realizes the tilting and lodging of corn caused by the traction force of agricultural machinery, and realizes the integration of the lodging and pressure measuring device. The creative idea of ​​directly acting on the corn stalks by mechanical devices to simulate the occurrence of lodging and simultaneously measuring the lodging force solves the practical problem simply and efficiently, and the principle is also suitable for application on short-stem crops such as rice and soybeans.

[0026] The working principle of the present invention (see Figure 1 and Figure 2 ): The frame is driven forward by a traction device 6 (such as a tractor). The front wheel 61 is a driving wheel and can travel in the furrow 8, the width of which does not exceed 60 cm. The traction device 6 can be purchased directly from the market and can be simply modified (connected to the frame).

[0027] When the frame moves forward, the stalk lodging pressing rod 5 installed on the pressure test head at the lower end of each stalk strength measuring device 4 pushes different parts of the corn stalk 7 to tilt, causing lodging. The detection head of the stalk strength measuring device 4 senses the pressure from the lodging device (stalk lodging pressing rod 5) and can record and output data through a printer or storage. The stalk strength measuring device 4 of the present invention has mature products in the market.

Claims

1. A device for detecting and measuring corn lodging, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame installed behind the traction device, in which multiple rows of stem strength measuring devices are installed from front to back, each row of stem strength measuring devices corresponds to a ridge of crops, and a horizontally arranged stem lodging pushing rod is installed on the pressure test head at the lower end of each stem strength measuring device; the height of each row of stem strength measuring devices decreases from front to back; the lower end of the stem strength measuring device is inclined forward and is substantially perpendicular to the lodged crop stems; The frame includes front and rear beams, columns and cross beams. The bottom ends of the three columns are connected to the rear of the traction device frame. The top ends of the columns on both sides are vertically connected to the front end of a front and rear beam. A plurality of cross beams are connected between the two front and rear beams. The stalk strength measuring device is directly or indirectly mounted on the cross beam. There are three crossbeams, and a row of stem strength measuring devices is installed under each crossbeam, and two stem strength measuring devices are installed in each row; each stem strength measuring device is connected to the corresponding crossbeam above through a height adjustment mechanism; The height adjustment mechanism comprises a movable crossbeam, a drooping rod, a movable sleeve and a fastening bolt. The top of the drooping rod is vertically connected to the bottom of the crossbeam. The movable sleeve is slidably sleeved on the outside of the drooping rod. The tube wall of the movable sleeve is provided with a screw hole and a fastening bolt is installed. The movable crossbeam is connected between the movable sleeves on both sides, and the stalk strength measuring device is installed on the movable crossbeam. The height adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic sleeve, a telescopic rod and a fastening bolt. The top of the telescopic sleeve is vertically connected to the bottom of the crossbeam, the top of the telescopic rod is slidably inserted into the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve, and the tube wall of the telescopic sleeve is provided with a screw hole and the fastening bolt is installed; the stem strength measuring device is installed at the bottom end of the telescopic rod.

2. The integrated device for detecting and detecting corn lodging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stalk strength measuring device is connected to the frame via a hinge so as to adjust the inclination angle.

3. The integrated device for detecting and detecting corn lodging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output end of the stalk strength measuring device is connected to a controller, and a data output interface is provided on the controller.

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