A simple GNSS measurement antenna, navigation and positioning system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of antennas, and discloses a simple GNSS measurement antenna and a navigation and positioning system, comprising a shielding cover and a PCB board arranged in layers, a dielectric layer of a hollow structure on the PCB board; a first metal layer and a second metal layer are arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric layer respectively; a third metal layer is arranged on the upper surface of the dielectric layer; a frequency synthesis point, which penetrates the entire dielectric layer through a through hole to connect the first metal layer and the second metal layer; a feeding probe, which passes through the dielectric layer and the air layer, and connects the third metal layer and the network on the PCB board. A metallized toothed circular ring is arranged around the dielectric layer, and the metallized toothed circular ring is connected to the PCB board, and the metallized toothed circular ring is concentric and conformal with the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The present invention achieves the performance requirements of dual frequencies with a hollow single-layer dielectric without reducing the performance of the antenna, greatly reduces the cross-section of the antenna, reduces the weight of the antenna, and saves costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of antennas, and in particular relates to a simple GNSS measurement antenna and a navigation and positioning system. Background Art

[0002] At present, GNSS systems include the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), Russia's Global Navigation Satellite System (Glonass), Europe's Galileo Satellite Navigation System (Galileo) and China's Beidou Satellite Navigation System, etc., which are widely used in various navigation terminals. Moreover, with the feasibility of high-precision positioning, GNSS systems are playing an increasingly important role in both military and special civilian fields.

[0003] Global Navigation Satellite System positioning uses a group of satellite pseudo-ranges, ephemeris, satellite launch time and other observations, and the user clock error must also be known. The Global Navigation Satellite System is an air-based radio navigation positioning system that can provide users with all-weather 3D coordinates, speed and time information at any location on the Earth's surface or near-Earth space. Therefore, in layman's terms, if you want to know the altitude in addition to the longitude and latitude, then you must receive 4 satellites to accurately locate.

[0004] As GNSS systems and receiver terminals have been constantly pursuing higher-precision measurements, antennas are required to be able to receive satellites from all over the galaxy to improve the measurement accuracy of the measurement antenna. GNSS navigation and high-precision positioning equipment are becoming lighter and smaller. The more common GNSS antennas on the market include a double-medium structure of a stacked printed circuit board (PCB), a first dielectric board, and a second dielectric board. In this way, the profile of the GNSS antenna is high, the area is large, the weight is heavy, and the cost is high.

[0005] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0006] (1) Existing GNSS antennas have a high profile, are large and heavy, and are expensive.

[0007] (2) The existing GNSS antenna signal feeding method is single and cannot achieve effective signal transmission.

[0008] The significance of solving the above problems and defects is that solving the above problems will be beneficial to the emission and transmission of the same-frequency forwarding system signals, which can be used for the reception and transmission of GPS navigation and positioning system signals, and realize low-frequency feed points, thereby ensuring the performance of GNSS. It is of great significance to reduce the complexity of GNSS antenna processing and achieve the overall miniaturization of measurement GNSS antennas. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simple GNSS measurement antenna.

[0010] The present invention is implemented in this way: the simple GNSS measurement antenna includes a shielding cover and a PCB board which are stacked, and a dielectric layer with a hollow structure on the PCB board;

[0011] The first metal layer and the second metal layer are respectively arranged on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric layer;

[0012] A third metal layer is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer;

[0013] A frequency synthesis point, penetrating the entire dielectric layer through a through hole to connect the first metal layer and the second metal layer;

[0014] The feeding probe passes through the dielectric layer and the air layer to connect the third metal layer and the network on the PCB board.

[0015] Furthermore, a metallized toothed ring is disposed around the dielectric layer, the metallized toothed ring is connected to the PCB board, and the metallized toothed ring is concentric and conformal with the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the first metal layer is a circular, regular polygonal structure, and the second metal layer is a circular, regular polygonal ring structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged concentrically, and the outer diameter of the first metal layer is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the second metal layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the first metal layer is located on the upper side or the lower side of the second metal layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are directly connected or coupled via frequency synthesis points, and the number of the synthesis points is 4 or an integer multiple of 4.

[0020] Furthermore, the frequency synthesis points are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner.

[0021] Furthermore, the antenna performs coupling feeding or direct feeding feeding excitation on the first metal layer.

[0022] Furthermore, when the antenna couples and feeds the first metal layer, the feeding form may be "T" type coupling or "L" type coupling, and the positions of the "T" type and the "L" type are located above or below the first metal layer.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide a navigation and positioning system equipped with the simple GNSS measurement antenna.

[0024] Combining all the above-mentioned technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention achieves the dual-frequency performance requirements by using a hollow single-layer medium without reducing the antenna performance, thereby greatly reducing the cross-section of the antenna, reducing the weight of the antenna, and saving costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A top view of a GNSS antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 A bottom view of a GNSS antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 Side view of the GNSS antenna structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention

[0029] Among them: a, side view; b, detailed structure diagram of the feeding of part A.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a low-frequency direction simulation of a GNSS antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] in:

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna high frequency direction simulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] in:

[0034] In the figure: 100, dielectric layer; 101, first metal layer; 102, second metal layer; 103, third metal layer; 200, PCB board; 300, shielding cover; 110, feeding probe; 111, frequency synthesis point; 112, metallized toothed ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a simple GNSS measurement antenna. Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 The present invention is described in detail.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first metal layer 101 and the second metal layer 102 are arranged concentrically, the first metal layer 101 is attached to the lower surface of the dielectric layer 100, the second metal layer 102 is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric layer 100, and the outer diameter of the first metal layer 101 is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the second metal layer 102. The four frequency synthesis points 111 connected to the first metal layer 101 and the second metal layer 102 are symmetrically distributed and have nothing to do with the position of the feeding probe. Figure 3 As shown, the simple GNSS measurement antenna includes a stacked shielding cover 300, a PCB board, and a hollow dielectric layer 100 arranged on the PCB board 200; a circular first metal layer 101 is arranged on the lower surface of the dielectric layer 100, and a circular second metal layer 102 is arranged on the upper surface, and four frequency synthesis points 111 penetrate the entire dielectric layer through through holes to connect the first metal layer 101 and the second metal layer 102; there are also four independent small metal circles on the upper surface of the dielectric layer as the third metal layer 103, and four feeding probes 110 pass through the dielectric layer and the air layer (avoiding the first metal layer) so that the third metal layer 103 is connected to the network on the PCB 200; in addition, a plurality of metallized toothed circular rings 112 are arranged around the dielectric layer, and the metallized toothed circular rings 112 are connected to the PCB 200. The antenna feeds and excites the first metal layer 101, which can be coupled feeding or direct feeding, preferably coupled feeding. When the antenna couples and feeds the first metal layer 101 , the feeding form can be “T” type coupling or “L” type coupling, preferably “T” type coupling, and the positions of “T” type and “L” type can be above the first metal layer 101 or below the first metal layer 101 .

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, the four frequency synthesis points 111 connected to the first metal layer 101 and the second metal layer 102 are symmetrically distributed, regardless of the position of the feeding probe; the four feeding probes 110 are symmetrically distributed, from bottom to top, one end of the feeding probe 110 is connected to the PCB200 network, passes through the air part of the dielectric layer 100, avoids the first metal layer 101, passes through the dielectric part of the dielectric layer, and the upper end is connected to the third metal layer 103; the entire feeding is a "T" type coupling feeding in this example. The periphery of the dielectric layer 100 is composed of a metallized toothed ring 112 composed of multiple metal holes, the metal toothed ring 112 is concentric with the first and second metal layers, and is distributed on the periphery of the first and second metal layers, and is connected to the PCB board 200.

[0039] Another object of the present invention is to provide a navigation and positioning system equipped with the simple GNSS measurement antenna.

[0040] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple GNSS measurement antenna, comprising a stacked shielding cover and a PCB board, characterized in that: Also includes a dielectric layer with a hollow structure on the PCB board; The first metal layer and the second metal portion are respectively disposed on the lower surface and the upper surface of the dielectric layer; A third metal portion is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer; A frequency synthesis point, penetrating the entire dielectric layer through a through hole to connect the first metal layer and the second metal portion; The feeding probe passes through the dielectric layer and the air layer to connect the third metal part and the network on the PCB; A metallized toothed circular ring is arranged around the dielectric layer, the metallized toothed circular ring is connected to the PCB board, and the metallized toothed circular ring is concentric and conformal with the first metal layer and the second metal part; The first metal layer is a circular or regular polygonal structure, and the second metal portion is a circular ring or a regular polygonal ring structure.

2. The simple GNSS measurement antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal layer and the second metal portion are arranged concentrically, and the outer diameter of the first metal layer is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the second metal portion.

3. The simple GNSS measurement antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal layer and the second metal part are directly connected via frequency synthesis points, and the number of the synthesis points is 4 or an integer multiple of 4.

4. The simple GNSS measurement antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency synthesis points are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner.

5. The simple GNSS measurement antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna performs coupled feeding or direct feeding feeding excitation on the first metal layer.

6. The simple GNSS measurement antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the antenna couples and feeds the first metal layer, the feeding form is "T" type coupling or "L" type coupling, and the positions of the "T" type and the "L" type are located above or below the first metal layer.

7. A navigation and positioning system equipped with the simple GNSS measurement antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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