Radiating unit and communication antenna

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of mobile communication technology, and provides a radiation unit and a communication antenna. The radiation unit includes a radiation platform and a feed plate. The edges of the radiation platform are turned up to the same side to form a plurality of folded edges. The feed plate is arranged on the radiation platform. A first gap groove and a second gap groove are provided on the radiation platform. The first gap groove and the second gap groove are parallel gap grooves. The second gap groove is distributed in the middle of the radiation platform. One end of the first gap groove is connected to the second gap groove. The other end of the first gap groove is an open end. The open end of the first gap groove is located at the interval between two adjacent folded edges. The feed plate is arranged on the side of the first gap groove facing the folded edge. In the radiation unit of the present invention, the edges of the radiation platform are turned up to the same side to form a plurality of folded edges, the caliber is reduced, and the assembly is simple. The first gap groove with a parallel gap groove structure and the second gap groove connected to the first gap groove are adopted to ensure the radiation performance of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and more specifically, to a radiation unit and a communication antenna. Background Art

[0002] The size of the radiating element, the main component of the antenna for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves, has a great impact on the size of the antenna. With the development of antenna technology, users have an increasing demand for miniaturized antennas. More and more frequency bands need to be integrated under the same bandwidth, while the existing radiating elements have a relatively large aperture, resulting in an overly large antenna size.

[0003] The existing radiating unit solves the problem of large antenna size by reducing the diameter, but reducing the diameter will affect the performance of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a radiation unit and a communication antenna, aiming to solve the technical problem that the reduction of the diameter of the existing radiation unit will affect the antenna performance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a radiation unit is provided, including a radiation platform and a feeding plate, wherein the edges of the radiation platform are turned up to the same side to form a plurality of folded edges, the feeding plate is arranged on the radiation platform, and the plurality of folded edges are spaced around the feeding plate, and a first gap slot for transmitting electromagnetic waves and a second gap slot for adjusting input impedance are provided on the radiation platform, the first gap slot and the second gap slot are both parallel gap slots, the second gap slot is distributed in the middle of the radiation platform, one end of the first gap slot is connected to the second gap slot, the other end of the first gap slot is an open end, and the open end of the first gap slot is located at the interval between two adjacent folded edges, and the feeding plate is arranged on the side of the first gap slot facing the folded edge.

[0006] Furthermore, both the first gap groove and the second gap groove are rectangular groove structures, and the second gap groove is perpendicular to the first gap groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the radiation platform is provided with a plurality of the first gap grooves, and the plurality of the first gap grooves are circumferentially evenly spaced;

[0008] There are multiple feed plates, each of which is arranged corresponding to two opposite first gap grooves, and multiple feed plates intersect with each other;

[0009] Between two adjacent feeding sheets, the feeding sheet close to the radiation platform has a recessed portion, the recessed portion is located at the intersection of the two adjacent feeding sheets, and the recessed portion is recessed toward the radiation platform; or,

[0010] Between two adjacent feeding plates, the feeding plate away from the radiation platform has a protrusion, the protrusion is located at the intersection of the two adjacent feeding plates, and the protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the radiation platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the feed sheet includes:

[0012] A first coupling portion, arranged corresponding to one of the first gap grooves;

[0013] A second coupling portion is arranged corresponding to another opposite first gap groove;

[0014] a connecting portion connected between the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion; and

[0015] The feeding portion is bent and extended outward from an edge of the connecting portion close to the folded edge.

[0016] Furthermore, the feed sheet further includes:

[0017] A first open-circuit branch portion connected to an end of the first coupling portion away from the connecting portion; and

[0018] A second open-circuit branch portion connected to an end of the second coupling portion away from the connecting portion;

[0019] Among them, the first open branch node and the second open branch node are rectangular plate structures, and the lengths of the first open branch node and the second open branch node are 0.1 to 0.6 times the wavelength respectively; the widths of the first open branch node and the second open branch node are both less than or equal to 0.2 times the wavelength.

[0020] Furthermore, the length of the connecting portion is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength, and the width of the connecting portion is less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength.

[0021] Furthermore, the width of the first gap groove is 2 mm to 4 mm, and the length of the first gap groove is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength.

[0022] Furthermore, the radiation unit also includes:

[0023] a cable, arranged on a side of the radiation platform away from the feeder and electrically connected to a feed point of the feeder; and

[0024] The base is arranged on a side of the radiation platform away from the feeding part, and is used to support the radiation platform.

[0025] The present invention further provides a communication antenna, comprising the above-mentioned radiation unit, wherein the radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit, and the communication antenna further comprises:

[0026] The first high-frequency radiation element is disposed on the radiation unit, and the first high-frequency radiation element is coaxial with the radiation unit.

[0027] Furthermore, the communication antenna also includes:

[0028] A reflector plate, on which a plurality of radiation unit arrays are arranged;

[0029] A plurality of second high-frequency radiation elements are arranged in an array on the reflection plate, and at least one second high-frequency radiation element is disposed between two adjacent radiation units.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the radiation unit provided by the present invention has the beneficial effect that the edges of the radiation platform are turned up to the same side to form multiple folded edges, which reduces the caliber and is easy to assemble. The first gap slot with a parallel gap slot structure can transmit electromagnetic waves, and the second gap slot connected to the first gap slot is further adopted. The second gap slot is also a parallel gap slot structure, which can adjust the antenna input impedance and expand the bandwidth. The radiation unit can reduce the caliber, which is about 0.3 to 0.4 times the working wavelength, reduce the size of the antenna, and at the same time ensure the radiation performance of the antenna to meet user needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a feed sheet provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the communication antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the communication antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0037] Wherein, the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0038] 1-radiation unit; 10-through hole; 11-radiation platform; 111-first gap groove; 1111-open end; 112-second gap groove; 12-folded edge; 13-feeding plate; 130-recessed portion; 131-first coupling portion; 132-second coupling portion; 133-connecting portion; 134-feeding portion; 135-first open-circuit branch node; 136-second open-circuit branch node; 14-cable; 15-base; 2-first high-frequency radiation element; 3-reflection plate; 31-first section; 32-second section; 33-third section; 34-fourth section; 4-second high-frequency radiation element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly or indirectly located on the other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it may be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The directions or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and cannot be understood as limitations on the present technical solution. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for the convenience of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0041] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is given below in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radiation unit 1, which includes a radiation platform 11 and a feeding plate 13. The radiation platform 11 is a rectangular plate structure, and the edges of the radiation platform 11 are turned up to the same side to form a plurality of folded edges 12. The folded edges 12 and the radiation platform 11 are an integrally formed structure, which is convenient for processing and forming. The feeding plate 13 is arranged on the radiation platform 11, and the plurality of folded edges 12 are spaced around the feeding plate 13. A first gap slot 111 for transmitting electromagnetic waves and a second gap slot 112 for adjusting input impedance are provided on the radiation platform 13. Both the first gap slot 111 and the second gap slot 112 are parallel gap slots. The second gap slot 112 is arranged at one end of the first gap slot 111, and the second gap slot 112 is connected to the first gap slot 111, and the other end of the first gap slot 111 is an open end, and the open end of the first gap slot 111 is located at the interval between two adjacent folded edges 12. The feeding plate 13 is disposed on a side of the first gap slot 111 facing the folded edge 12 , and the feeding plate 13 is coupled with the first gap slot 111 for feeding.

[0043] The radiation unit 1 mainly uses the Vivaldi antenna principle and makes improvements on this basis. The Vivaldi broadband antenna is a slot microstrip antenna that uses an exponential slot structure to control electromagnetic waves to radiate electromagnetic energy from one end of the slot to the open end. The slot line of the Vivaldi antenna is mainly composed of three parts. The first part is a circular slot line, which mainly plays the role of impedance matching; the second part is a rectangular slot line, which is coupled with the feed board to transmit electromagnetic waves; the third part is a gradient slot line, which guides the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna.

[0044] The gradual change form of the gradual slot changes according to the exponential law, so as to form a horn-shaped opening in the signal transmission section for receiving or transmitting electromagnetic waves. Compared with the gradual slot, the first gap slot 111 with a parallel gap slot structure is easy to process, and can be easily realized while ensuring the radiation performance. The second gap slot 112 connected to the first gap slot 111 is further adopted to adjust the input impedance of the antenna, thereby further achieving the effect of widening the bandwidth. By adopting the folded edge 12, the diameter of the radiation unit 1 is reduced, and the diameter of the radiation unit 1 is only 0.3 to 0.4 times the working wavelength.

[0045] In the radiation unit 1 in the embodiment of the present invention, the edges of the radiation platform 11 are turned up to the same side to form multiple folded edges 12, which reduces the caliber and is easy to assemble. The first gap slot 111 with a parallel gap slot structure can transmit electromagnetic waves, and the second gap slot 112 connected to the first gap slot 111 is further adopted. The second gap slot 112 is also a parallel gap slot structure, which can adjust the antenna input impedance and expand the bandwidth. The radiation unit 1 can reduce the caliber, which is about 0.3 to 0.4 times the working wavelength, reduce the size of the antenna, and at the same time ensure the radiation performance of the antenna to meet user needs.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first gap slot 111 and the second gap slot 112 are both rectangular slot structures. The second gap slot 112 is perpendicular to the first gap slot 111, that is, the first gap slot 111 and the second gap slot 112 form a "T"-shaped structure. The antenna impedance is further optimized to facilitate manufacturing and processing. The folded edge 12 and the radiation platform 11 use sheet metal bending coupling feeding. Compared with the use of printed circuit boards for coupling feeding, the use of sheet metal bending coupling is simple to assemble and has low cost, and the cost can be reduced by 40% to 50%.

[0047] Specifically, in the present embodiment, standing waves and isolation can be adjusted by adjusting the width and length of the first gap groove 111. The first gap groove 111 is a rectangular groove structure, and the width of the first gap groove 111 is 2mm to 4mm, and the groove width refers to the width direction along the rectangular groove structure. The length of the first gap groove 111 is not higher than 0.25 times the wavelength, and the length of the first gap groove 111 refers to the length direction along the rectangular groove structure. If it is not satisfied, it is easy to cause impedance mismatch and excessive standing waves. In specific applications, the width of the first gap groove 111 is 2mm, 3mm or 4mm, and the length of the first gap groove 111 is 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.25 times the wavelength.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, see further Figure 1 and Figure 4 A plurality of first gap grooves 111 are formed on the radiation platform 11 , and the plurality of first gap grooves 111 are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

[0049] There are multiple feed sheets 13, each feed sheet 13 is arranged corresponding to two opposite first gap grooves 111, and multiple feed sheets 13 intersect. Between two adjacent feed sheets 13, the feed sheet 13 close to the radiation platform 11 has a recessed portion 130, and the recessed portion 130 is located at the intersection of the two adjacent feed sheets 13, and the recessed portion 130 is recessed toward the radiation platform 11 to avoid the intersection of the lines caused by the intersection of the two feed sheets 13, which affects the feeding of the feed sheet 13. Correspondingly, the radiation platform 11 is provided with a through hole 10 at the position corresponding to the recessed portion 130 to facilitate accommodating the recessed portion 130.

[0050] Of course, in other embodiments, between two adjacent feeding sheets 13, the feeding sheet 13 away from the radiation platform 11 has a protrusion, the protrusion is located at the intersection of the two feeding sheets 13, and the protrusion protrudes in the direction away from the radiation platform 11. It can be selected according to specific needs, as long as the line crossing is avoided.

[0051] Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the first gap slots 111 is four, and two opposite first gap slots 111 are on a diagonal line. When the radiation platform 11 is a rectangular plate, two diagonally distributed first gap slots 111 form a group, and the two groups of first gap slots 111 are orthogonally arranged. Correspondingly, the number of the feeding plates 13 is two, and each feeding plate 13 is arranged corresponding to two first gap slots 111 on a diagonal line, and each feeding plate 13 feeds power to the two first gap slots 111 of the corresponding group.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, see further Figure 1 and Figure 2 The feeding plate 13 is a sheet metal structure formed by bending the sheet metal. The feeding plate 13 includes a first coupling portion 131, a second coupling portion 132, a connecting portion 133 and a feeding portion 134. The first coupling portion 131 is arranged corresponding to one of the first gap slots 111 opposite to each other, and the first coupling portion 131 is coupled and fed with the first gap slot 111; the second coupling portion 132 is arranged corresponding to another first gap slot 111 opposite to each other, and the second coupling portion 132 is coupled and fed with another first gap slot 111 in a group. Among them, coupling feeding refers to the conduction of electric energy by coupling between the first coupling portion 131 and the first gap slot 111 that are not in contact but have a certain small distance, or the conduction of electric energy by coupling between the second coupling portion 132 and the first gap slot 111 that are not in contact. The connecting portion 133 is connected between the first coupling portion 131 and the second coupling portion 132, and conducts electric energy to the first coupling portion 131 and the second coupling portion 132 respectively. The feeding portion 134 is bent outwardly and extends from the edge of the connecting portion 133 close to the folded edge 12. The specific circuit is as follows:

[0053] The current of the external power source is conducted to the connection part 133 through the feeding point on the feeding part 134, and is respectively conducted to the first coupling part 131 and the second coupling part 132 through the connection part 133. The first coupling part 131 is coupled and fed with one of the first gap slots 111, and the second coupling part 132 is coupled and fed with another first gap slot 111. The slot lines of the first gap slots 111 are coupled to form electromagnetic waves and propagate in all directions.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, see Figure 2, the feed sheet 13 also includes a first open-circuit branch section 135 and a second open-circuit branch section 136. Among them, the first open-circuit branch section 135 is connected to the end of the first coupling section 131 away from the connecting section 133, and the second open-circuit branch section 136 is connected to the end of the second coupling section 132 away from the connecting section 133. The first open-circuit branch section 135 and the second open-circuit branch section 136 are both rectangular plate-shaped structures. The effect of adjusting the standing wave can be achieved by adjusting the length or width of the first open-circuit branch section 135 and the second open-circuit branch section 136. The lengths of the first open-circuit branch section 135 and the second open-circuit branch section 136 are 0.1 to 0.6 times the wavelength, respectively, and the widths of the first open-circuit branch section 135 and the second open-circuit branch section 136 are both less than or equal to 0.2 times the wavelength. The length refers to the length direction along the rectangular plate, and the width refers to the width direction along the rectangular plate. If this range is not met, it is easy to cause impedance mismatch and excessive standing waves. In a specific application, the length of the first open branch section 135 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 or 0.6 times the wavelength. The length of the second open branch section 136 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 or 0.6 times the wavelength. The width of the first open branch section 135 is 0.1 times the wavelength or 0.2 times the wavelength, and the width of the second open branch section 136 is 0.1 times the wavelength or 0.2 times the wavelength.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 2 , the standing wave and isolation of the radiation unit 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the length and width of the connecting portion 133 of the feeding plate 13. The connecting portion 133 is also a rectangular plate-shaped structure, the length of the connecting portion 133 is less than or equal to 0.25 times the wavelength, and the width of the connecting portion 133 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the wavelength. The length refers to the length direction along the rectangular plate, and the width refers to the width direction along the rectangular plate. If it is not satisfied, it is easy to cause impedance mismatch and the standing wave is too large. In specific applications, the length of the connecting portion 133 is 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 or 0.25 times the wavelength, and the width of the connecting portion 133 is 0.05 or 0.1 times the wavelength. It can be selected according to specific needs.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The radiation unit 1 further includes a cable 14 and a base 15. The cable 14 is disposed on a side of the radiation platform 11 away from the feeding portion 134, and the cable 14 is electrically connected to a feeding point of the feeding portion 134. The base 15 is disposed on a side of the radiation platform 11 away from the feeding portion 134, and is used to support the radiation platform 11. Specifically, electrical energy is transmitted to the feeding point of the feeding portion 134 through the cable 14, and is transmitted from the feeding portion 134 to the first coupling portion 131 and the second coupling portion 132 through the connecting portion 133.

[0057] The present invention also provides a communication antenna. Figure 4 The communication antenna includes the radiation unit 1 in any of the above embodiments, wherein the radiation unit 1 is a low-frequency radiation unit 1, which can operate between the low frequencies of 617MHZ and 960MHZ. The communication antenna also includes a first high-frequency radiation element 2, which is arranged on the radiation unit 1, that is, arranged on the radiation platform 11, and the first high-frequency radiation element 2 is coaxial with the radiation unit 1. The first high-frequency radiation element 2 and the radiation unit 1 are coaxially arranged to reduce the width of the antenna. In the frequency band of 617MHZ to 960MHA, the width is only 500mm.

[0058] It should be noted that the folded edge 12 is not limited to the above-mentioned sealing structure, that is, the folded edge 12 is a complete plate-like structure. Of course, in other embodiments, the folded edge 12 is provided with a hollow structure, for example, a portion of the folded edge 12 is cut. On the one hand, the weight of the radiation unit 1 can be reduced, and on the other hand, the coupling between the high frequency and the low frequency can be weakened, thereby avoiding affecting the performance of the communication antenna.

[0059] In this example, see further Figure 5 The communication antenna further comprises a reflector 3 and a plurality of second high-frequency radiation elements 4. The plurality of radiation units 1 are arranged in an array on the reflector 3; the plurality of second high-frequency radiation elements 4 are arranged in an array on the reflector 3, wherein at least one second high-frequency radiation element 4 is provided between two adjacent radiation units 1.

[0060] Specifically, the reflector 3 includes a first section 31, a second section 32, a third section 33 and a fourth section 34 arranged in parallel. The first section 31 and the fourth section 34 are both provided with a second high-frequency radiation element 4 and a low-frequency radiation unit 1, the low-frequency radiation unit 1 and the first high-frequency radiation element 2 are coaxially arranged, and the second high-frequency radiation element 4 is arranged between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units 1; the second section 32 and the third section 33 are both provided with an array-distributed second high-frequency radiation element 4, that is, there are four columns of high frequency and two columns of low frequency.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: It includes a radiation platform and a feeding plate, wherein the edges of the radiation platform are turned up to the same side to form a plurality of folded edges, the feeding plate is arranged on the radiation platform, and the plurality of folded edges are spaced around the feeding plate, and is characterized in that a first gap slot for transmitting electromagnetic waves and a second gap slot for adjusting input impedance are provided on the radiation platform, the first gap slot and the second gap slot are both parallel gap slots, the second gap slot is distributed in the middle of the radiation platform, one end of the first gap slot is connected to the second gap slot, the other end of the first gap slot is an open end, and the open end of the first gap slot is located at the interval between two adjacent folded edges, and the feeding plate is arranged on the side of the first gap slot facing the folded edge; a plurality of the first gap slots are provided on the radiation platform, and the plurality of the first gap slots are circumferentially equally spaced; There are multiple feed plates, each of which is arranged corresponding to two opposite first gap grooves, and multiple feed plates intersect with each other; Between two adjacent feeding sheets, the feeding sheet close to the radiation platform has a recessed portion, the recessed portion is located at the intersection of the two adjacent feeding sheets, and the recessed portion is recessed toward the radiation platform; or, Between two adjacent feeding sheets, the feeding sheet far away from the radiation platform has a protrusion, the protrusion is located at the intersection of the two adjacent feeding sheets, and the protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the radiation platform; The feed sheet comprises: A first coupling portion, arranged corresponding to one of the first gap grooves; A second coupling portion is arranged corresponding to another opposite first gap groove; a connecting portion connected between the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion; and A feeding portion, bent and extended outward from an edge of the connecting portion close to the folded edge; The feed sheet further comprises: A first open-circuit branch portion connected to an end of the first coupling portion away from the connecting portion; and A second open-circuit branch portion connected to an end of the second coupling portion away from the connecting portion; Wherein, the first open branch section and the second open branch section are rectangular plate-shaped structures, the lengths of the first open branch section and the second open branch section are 0.1 to 0.6 times of the wavelength respectively; the widths of the first open branch section and the second open branch section are both less than or equal to 0.2 times of the wavelength; The length of the connecting portion is less than or equal to 0.25 times of the wavelength, and the width of the connecting portion is less than or equal to 0.1 times of the wavelength.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that The first gap groove and the second gap groove are both rectangular groove structures, and the second gap groove is perpendicular to the first gap groove.

3. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The width of the first gap groove is 2 mm to 4 mm, and the length of the first gap groove is less than or equal to 0.25 times of the wavelength.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation unit also includes: a cable, arranged on a side of the radiation platform away from the feeder and electrically connected to a feed point of the feeder; and The base is arranged on a side of the radiation platform away from the feeding part, and is used to support the radiation platform.

5. A communication antenna, characterized in that: The communication antenna comprises a radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit, and the communication antenna further comprises: The first high-frequency radiation element is disposed on the radiation unit, and the first high-frequency radiation element is coaxial with the radiation unit.

6. The communication antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The communication antenna also includes: A reflector plate, on which a plurality of radiation unit arrays are arranged; A plurality of second high-frequency radiation elements are arranged in an array on the reflection plate, and at least one second high-frequency radiation element is disposed between two adjacent radiation units.

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