A method for judging the location and thickness of coking on boiler water-cooled wall

Abstract

A method for judging the coking position and thickness of a boiler water-cooled wall belongs to the field of boiler application, and is characterized in that: a laser measurement system is set at any fire-viewing hole of any water-cooled wall of the boiler; a point is randomly selected on other water-cooled walls of the boiler as an observation point, and the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point is calculated; and so on, by adjusting the selected fire-viewing hole and the position of the observation point, the coking thickness information at the corresponding positions of all the observation points measured is processed in three-dimensional images, and the coking position and thickness of the water-cooled wall of the entire boiler can be obtained. By setting a laser measurement system at the fire-viewing hole on the water-cooled wall of the boiler to measure the distance, and calculating the coking thickness of the water-cooled wall of the boiler with the help of trigonometric functions, the coking position and degree in the furnace can be quickly measured when the unit is temporarily stopped, so as to achieve targeted furnace soot blowing, combustion adjustment and optimization after the unit is started, which can effectively reduce the coking of the boiler and improve the operating efficiency of the thermal power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of boiler application, and in particular relates to a method for judging the coking position and thickness of a boiler water-cooled wall. Background Art

[0002] Coking in the furnace of a coal-fired boiler is a common engineering problem faced by thermal power units. Coking in the furnace of a boiler will change the combustion conditions inside the boiler, reduce boiler efficiency, change the heat absorption distribution of the heating surface, and may cause problems such as large amount of cooling water, overheating of the superheater and reheater, etc.

[0003] In order to effectively reduce the coking of the boiler, on the one hand, the quality and characteristics of the coal can be adjusted to improve the coking characteristics, and on the other hand, the combustion conditions in the furnace can be changed by means of combustion adjustment and optimization. In order to adjust and optimize the combustion in the furnace, it is necessary to first determine the location and degree of coking in the actual operation of the boiler, and then make targeted adjustments and optimizations. At present, the coking position can only be judged during boiler operation by observing the fire viewing holes around the water-cooled wall of the furnace, or by analyzing the slag distribution of the slag remover, but neither can comprehensively and accurately determine the location and severity of coking in the boiler. When the unit is shut down, a platform can be set up in the furnace, and the staff can enter the furnace for inspection. This method requires that the inspection can only be carried out when the boiler is shut down for a long time, and it is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problem and provides a method for quickly and accurately determining the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall when the unit is temporarily shut down.

[0005] The method for judging the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention comprises the following steps: setting a laser measuring system at any fire-observing hole of any water-cooled wall of the boiler; selecting any point on other water-cooled walls of the boiler as an observation point; calculating the theoretical distance L between the selected fire-observing hole and the selected observation point when there is no coking. 理 ;

[0006] The laser measuring system uses laser ranging to measure the actual distance L from the fire observation hole to the corresponding position of the selected observation point on the other water-cooled wall of the boiler when coking occurs. 实 , and then the distance L from the fire observation hole to the observation point calculated above 理 By comparison, the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point is calculated; the position corresponding to the observation point refers to the intersection of the oblique line formed by the fire observation hole and the observation point and the coking surface formed on the water-cooled wall;

[0007] Similarly, by adjusting the selected fire viewing holes and observation point positions, and performing three-dimensional image processing on the coking thickness information at the corresponding positions of all the observation points measured, the coking position and thickness of the water-cooled wall of the entire boiler can be obtained.

[0008] The method for determining the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention comprises calculating the distance L between the selected fire viewing hole and the selected observation point. 理 The process includes:

[0009] By checking the boiler design dimensions, we can get the vertical distance L from the fire viewing hole to the water-cooled wall where the observation point is located. 垂 ;

[0010] The distance L from the vertical point of the fire observation hole on the water-cooled wall where the selected observation point is located to the observation point is calculated by the position of the selected observation point 壁 ;

[0011] The distance L from the fire observation hole to the observation point is calculated based on trigonometric functions 理 And the angle α formed by the hypotenuse formed by the fire-watching hole and the observation point and the vertical line from the fire-watching hole to the water-cooled wall where the observation point is located.

[0012] The method for determining the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention, the process of calculating the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point comprises:

[0013] The laser measurement system uses laser ranging to measure the distance L from the fire observation hole to the corresponding position of the selected observation point 实 ;

[0014] The distance L from the fire hole to the observation point 理 With L 实 By finding the difference, we can get the distance from the position corresponding to the observation point to the observation point;

[0015] The vertical distance from the position corresponding to the observation point to the water-cooled wall surface where the observation point is located is calculated based on trigonometric functions, that is, the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point.

[0016] The method for judging the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention comprises a laser measuring system including a laser rangefinder, an adjusting bracket, a controller and a data collector; a rotating shaft is arranged on the adjusting bracket; the laser rangefinder is fixedly arranged on the aforementioned rotating shaft; the controller is connected to the aforementioned rotating shaft; and the data collector is connected to the laser rangefinder.

[0017] In the method for determining the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention, the rotating shaft is a spherical rotating shaft that can rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0018] The method for determining the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention has a measuring range of 100m and a measuring accuracy of 0.01m.

[0019] In the method for judging the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention, the observation points are arranged at equal intervals on the boiler water-cooled wall.

[0020] In the method for determining the location and thickness of coking on the water-cooled wall of a boiler of the present invention, the spacing between the observation points is between one twentieth and one fiftieth of the width or depth of the furnace of the boiler.

[0021] The method for judging the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall of the present invention is to set a laser measurement system at the fire viewing hole on the water-cooled wall of the boiler to measure the distance, and calculate the coking thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall with the help of trigonometric functions. The coking position and degree in the furnace can be quickly measured when the unit is temporarily stopped, and the furnace soot blowing, combustion adjustment and optimization can be carried out in a targeted manner after the unit is started, which can effectively reduce the coking of the boiler and improve the operating efficiency of the thermal power station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser measurement system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic top view of a method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic top view of a method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of selecting a fire viewing hole according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 1-water-cooled wall, 2-fire viewing hole, 3-observation point, 4-laser rangefinder, 5-rotating shaft, 6-adjustment bracket, 7-controller, and 8-data collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to the present invention is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] The method for judging the coking position and thickness of the boiler water-cooled wall 1 of the present invention is to use a laser measurement system at the boiler fire-viewing hole 2 to measure the distance from the fire-viewing hole 2 to any point of the water-cooled wall 1 after the unit is shut down, and compare it with the distance when the boiler is not coked, so as to judge whether there is coking at that place and the thickness of the coking. Figure 2 The laser measurement system shown in the figure includes a laser rangefinder 4, an adjustment bracket 6, a controller 7 and a data collector 8; a rotating shaft 5 is arranged on the adjustment bracket 6; the laser rangefinder 4 is fixedly arranged on the aforementioned rotating shaft 5; the controller 7 is electrically connected to the aforementioned rotating shaft 5; the data collector 8 is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder 4. The rotating shaft 5 is a spherical rotating shaft 5 that can rotate 360°. The measuring range of the laser rangefinder 4 is 100m and the measuring accuracy is 0.01m. A concave arc-shaped base is fixed on the top of the adjustment bracket 6. The base can be adjusted up and down and forward and backward by adjusting the two-stage knobs on the adjustment bracket 6, so as to ensure that the laser rangefinder 4 can enter the fire viewing hole 2. The spherical rotating shaft 5 is embedded in the base and can rotate 360°. Its rotation angle is driven by an electrical signal. The spherical rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the laser rangefinder 4 without relative displacement. In this embodiment, the observation points 3 are arranged at equal intervals on the water-cooled wall 1 of the boiler, and the interval between the observation points 3 is one-fiftieth of the furnace width of the boiler. In this embodiment, the model of the laser rangefinder 4 selected is Leica S910 laser rangefinder; the model of the controller 7 is J-PT-2215-D digital intelligent variable speed mid-load pan / tilt.

[0032] When taking measurements, Figure 1 As shown, firstly, a fire observation hole 2 of the front water-cooled wall 1 of the boiler is selected to set up a laser measurement system; an observation point 3 is randomly selected on the rear water-cooled wall 1 of the boiler; the distance L between the selected fire observation hole 2 and the selected observation point 3 is calculated 理 ;

[0033] Calculate the distance L between the selected fire observation hole 2 and the selected observation point 3 理 The process includes:

[0034] By checking the boiler design dimensions, we can get the vertical distance L from the fire viewing hole 2 to the water-cooled wall 1 where the observation point 3 is located. 垂 ;

[0035] The distance L from the vertical point of the fire observation hole 2 on the water-cooled wall 1 where the selected observation point 3 is located to the observation point 3 is calculated by the position of the selected observation point. 壁 ;

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the distance L from the fire observation hole 2 to the observation point 3 is calculated based on trigonometric functions. 理 And the angle α formed by the hypotenuse formed by the fire viewing hole 2 and the observation point 3 and the vertical line from the fire viewing hole 2 to the water-cooled wall 1 where the observation point 3 is located.

[0037] The laser measuring system uses laser ranging to measure the distance L from the fire observation hole 2 to the corresponding position of the selected observation point 3 on the other water-cooled wall 1 of the boiler. 实, and then the distance L from the fire observation hole 2 to the observation point 3 calculated above 理 By comparison, the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point 3 is calculated; wherein the position corresponding to the observation point 3 refers to the intersection of the oblique line formed by the fire viewing hole 2 and the observation point 3 and the coking surface formed on the water-cooled wall 1;

[0038] The process of calculating the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point 3 includes:

[0039] The laser measurement system uses laser ranging to measure the distance L from the fire observation hole 2 to the corresponding position of the selected observation point 3 实 ;

[0040] The distance L from fire hole 2 to observation point 3 理 With L 实 By finding the difference, we can get the distance from the position corresponding to observation point 3 to observation point 3;

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the vertical distance from the position corresponding to the observation point 3 to the wall surface of the water-cooled wall 1 where the observation point 3 is located, that is, the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point 3, is calculated based on the trigonometric function.

[0042] Similarly, by adjusting the selected fire viewing hole 2 and observation point 3 positions, the coking thickness information at the corresponding positions of all the observation points 3 measured is processed into three-dimensional images, and the coking position and thickness of the water-cooled wall 1 of the entire boiler can be obtained.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] On the basis of Example 1, in this example, the furnace size of a boiler is 14m wide*14m deep*20m high. The coking condition of the rear water-cooled wall 1 is measured through the fire observation hole 2 which is 10m high and 1m away from the left water-cooled wall. Figure 4 As shown, where the measuring point n 11 -n 13 The height is 18m, and the distances between each measuring point and the left water-cooled wall 1 are 2m, 4m, and 6m respectively. When there is no coking on the furnace wall, the distance between the fire-viewing hole 2 and n 11 -n 13 The distances measured by the laser measurement system are 16.16m, 16.40m, and 16.88m, respectively, while the actual distances measured by the laser measurement system are 15.80m, 15.88m, and 16.22m. Figure 5 As shown, since α1, α2, and α3 are 30.0°, 31.4°, and 33.9° respectively, we can calculate n by trigonometric function. 11 ',n 12 ',n 13The slag thickness at ' is h1, h2, and h3; the coking thickness is 0.31m, 0.44m, and 0.55m respectively. By analogy, all the measuring points n of the rear water-cooled wall 1 can be obtained. 11 '-n xy 'The slag thickness, similarly, the coking thickness of the right water-cooled wall 1 can be measured at the fire viewing hole 2. Figure 6 As shown, the coking thickness of the front water-cooled wall 1 and the left water-cooled wall 1 is measured through the fire viewing hole 2 of the rear water-cooled wall 1. The above calculation process is automatically completed by the data collector 8. The data measured by the laser rangefinder is collected and calculated by the data collector 8 to obtain data results for three-dimensional modeling and judgment of slagging thickness.

Claims

1. A method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall, characterized in that: A laser measurement system is set at any fire observation hole (2) of any water-cooled wall (1) of the boiler; any point on another water-cooled wall (1) of the boiler is selected as an observation point (3); and a theoretical distance L between the selected fire observation hole (2) and the selected observation point (3) when no coking occurs is calculated. 理 ; The actual distance L from the fire observation hole (2) to the corresponding position of the selected observation point (3) on the other water-cooled wall (1) of the boiler when coking is achieved is measured by a laser measuring system using a laser distance measurement method. 实 , and then the distance L from the fire observation hole (2) to the observation point (3) calculated above 理 By comparison, the coke thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point (3) is calculated; Similarly, by adjusting the positions of the selected fire observation holes (2) and observation points (3), the coking thickness information at the corresponding positions of all the observation points (3) measured is processed into three-dimensional images, so that the coking position and thickness of the water-cooled wall (1) of the entire boiler can be obtained; The distance L between the selected fire observation hole (2) and the selected observation point (3) is calculated. 理 The process includes: By checking the boiler design dimensions, we can obtain the vertical distance L from the fire viewing hole (2) to the water-cooled wall (1) where the observation point (3) is located. 垂 ; The distance L from the vertical point of the fire observation hole (2) on the water-cooled wall (1) where the selected observation point (3) is located to the observation point (3) is calculated by the position of the selected observation point. 壁 ; The distance L from the fire observation hole (2) to the observation point (3) is calculated based on trigonometric functions. 理 and an angle α formed by the hypotenuse formed by the fire-observing hole (2) and the observation point (3) and a perpendicular line from the fire-observing hole (2) to the water-cooled wall (1) where the observation point (3) is located; The process of calculating the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point (3) includes: The laser measuring system uses laser ranging to measure the distance L from the fire observation hole (2) to the corresponding position of the selected observation point (3). 实 ; The distance L from the fire-watching hole (2) to the observation point (3) 理 With L 实 By finding the difference, we can get the distance from the position corresponding to observation point (3) to observation point (3); The vertical distance from the position corresponding to the observation point (3) to the surface of the water-cooled wall (1) where the observation point (3) is located is calculated based on trigonometric functions, that is, the coking thickness at the position corresponding to the observation point (3).

2. The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser measurement system comprises a laser rangefinder (4), an adjustment bracket (6), a controller (7) and a data collector (8); the adjustment bracket (6) is provided with a rotating shaft (5); the laser rangefinder (4) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (5); the controller (7) is connected to the rotating shaft (5); and the data collector (8) is connected to the laser rangefinder (4).

3. The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (5) is a spherical rotating shaft (5) that can rotate 360 ​​degrees.

4. The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser rangefinder (4) has a measurement range of 100 m and a measurement accuracy of 0.01 m.

5. The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The observation points (3) are arranged at equal intervals on the water-cooled wall (1) of the boiler.

6. The method for determining the location and thickness of coking on a boiler water wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing between the observation points (3) is between one twentieth and one fiftieth of the width or depth of the furnace of the boiler.

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