A small methanol-water hydrogenation station

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-scale methanol-water hydrogenation station, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production application. The station comprises a fuel tank, a liquid inlet pump, a vaporizing coil, a reforming chamber, a combustion chamber, a purifier, a pressure relief device, a buffer tank and a compressor. The compressor fuel pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid inlet pump, the outlet of the compressor liquid inlet pump is connected to the vaporizing coil, the other end of the vaporizing coil is connected to the reforming chamber, the outlet of the compressor reforming chamber is connected to the purifier, the outlet of the compressor purifier is respectively connected to the pressure relief device, the buffer tank and the compressor through a diverter valve module, the vaporizing coil is arranged in the combustion chamber, the compressor diverter valve module comprises a three-way valve and a four-way valve, the outlet of the compressor purifier is connected to the three-way valve and the four-way valve in sequence, the other port of the compressor three-way valve is connected to the pressure relief device, the other three ports of the compressor four-way valve are respectively connected to the buffer tank, the compressor air inlet and the maintenance input valve, and the compressor exhaust port is connected to the hydrogenation equipment. The station has the advantages of low cost, small size, convenient hydrogen production and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production application, and in particular to a small methanol-water hydrogenation station. Background Art

[0002] Since hydrogen energy was included in the "Government Work Report", the hydrogen energy industry has become the focus of market economy. The development of hydrogen energy is an important path for my country's energy transformation. Coupled with the continuous improvement of design and technology, hydrogen energy industries have sprung up in various places.

[0003] With the development of hydrogen energy, hydrogen energy is recognized as the most promising clean energy in the 21st century, especially as hydrogen fuel cell technology matures, and hydrogen energy is widely used in automobiles, aerospace, ships, drones, base stations, etc. However, the hydrogen refueling stations currently available on the market are mainly for fuel cell vehicles. According to the "China Hydrogen Energy Industry Infrastructure Development Blue Book (2016)" released in October 2016, by 2020, my country will have 100 hydrogen refueling stations built, and by 2030, it will reach 1,000. As of 2018, there were 369 hydrogen refueling stations in the world, and 23 in China, accounting for about 6%. To achieve this indicator, it is still a drop in the bucket.

[0004] International hydrogen refueling stations can be divided into two categories: off-site hydrogen production and on-site hydrogen production. The hydrogen production methods include:

[0005] 1. Hydrogen production by electrohydrolysis: The hydrogen produced is of high purity but at a high cost;

[0006] 2. Hydrogen production by water-based method: The cost of hydrogen production is low, the output is large, and more equipment is required. This method is often used in synthetic ammonia plants.

[0007] 3. Hydrogen production from synthetic gas and natural gas from petroleum thermal cracking: The output of hydrogen as a byproduct of petroleum thermal cracking is large and is often used for gasoline hydrogenation, petrochemical and fertilizer plants.

[0008] 4. Hydrogen production by freezing coke oven gas: This method is used in a few places;

[0009] 5. Hydrogen produced as a byproduct of electrolysis of salt water;

[0010] 6. Hydrogen production from brewing industry byproducts;

[0011] 7. Hydrogen production by reaction of iron with water vapor: The quality is poor, and this method has been basically eliminated;

[0012] 8. Methanol-water reforming to produce hydrogen: high efficiency, low cost, etc.

[0013] As can be seen from the above, since the foundation of the hydrogen economy is hydrogen production, storage, and refueling, large-scale hydrogen refueling stations strictly require the separation of each link, and the cost is high and it is difficult to make a profit. As an investment in small hydrogen refueling stations, choosing methanol water to produce hydrogen is a low-cost method with less safety hazards. It is undoubtedly the only choice. Compared with the current small equipment: such as new fuel cell forklifts, fuel cell drones, fuel cell base stations and other equipment with relatively small hydrogen requirements, it is undoubtedly not advisable to complete the hydrogenation at fixed large hydrogen refueling stations. For these small hydrogen-using equipment, a method for realizing a small methanol water hydrogen refueling station is undoubtedly the key and is urgently needed by the market. Summary of the invention

[0014] The present invention provides a small methanol-water hydrogenation station, which reduces the construction cost and difficulty of the hydrogenation station, realizes the miniaturization of the hydrogenation station, solves the problem of difficulty in storing hydrogen in small equipment, and improves the safety of the hydrogenation station.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0016] A small methanol-water hydrogenation station, comprising a fuel tank, a liquid inlet pump for pumping fuel, a vaporizing coil for vaporizing fuel, a reforming chamber for reforming the fuel, a combustion chamber for providing a heat source for the vaporizing coil and the reforming chamber, a purifier, a pressure relief device, a buffer tank, and a compressor;

[0017] The fuel pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid inlet pump, the outlet of the liquid inlet pump is connected to the vaporization coil, the other end of the vaporization coil is connected to the reforming chamber, the outlet of the reforming chamber is connected to the purifier, the outlet of the purifier is respectively connected to the pressure relief device, the buffer tank, and the compressor through the diverter valve module, and the vaporization coil is arranged in the combustion chamber;

[0018] The diverter valve module includes a three-way valve and a four-way valve. The outlet of the purifier is connected to the three-way valve and the four-way valve in sequence. Another port of the three-way valve is connected to the pressure relief device. The other three ports of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the buffer tank, the compressor air inlet, and the maintenance input valve. The compressor exhaust port is connected to the hydrogenation equipment.

[0019] Preferably, the small methanol-water hydrogenation station also includes a radiator for combustion chamber tail gas treatment and heat recovery, and the radiator is connected to the combustion chamber tail gas discharge port.

[0020] Preferably, the air inlet of the combustion chamber is connected to a blower, an inlet valve is provided between the fuel tank and the inlet pump, a high-temperature filter is provided between the reforming chamber and the purifier, an output valve is provided between the four-way valve and the compressor, and a pressure gauge is provided between the four-way valve and the buffer tank.

[0021] Preferably, the fuel tank is provided with an external filling port.

[0022] Beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution:

[0023] 1. The hydrogen production process is simple;

[0024] 2. The device has a small structure and is easy to move. It can also be set to be mobile;

[0025] 3. Low investment cost, which can meet the hydrogen supply demand of small hydrogen-using equipment, such as fuel cell forklifts, fuel cell drones, fuel cell base stations, etc.;

[0026] 4. There is no hydrogen storage, transportation and other links, it can be produced on demand, and it is safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 1. air inlet, 2. blower, 3. fuel tank, 4. liquid adding device, 5. liquid inlet valve, 6. liquid inlet pump, 7. gasification coil, 8. combustion chamber, 9. reforming chamber, 10. radiator, 11. high-temperature filter, 12. purifier, 13. electronic three-way valve, 14. pressure relief device, 15. output valve, 16. compressor, 17. four-way valve, 18. pressure gauge, 19. hydrogenation equipment, 20. buffer tank, 21. maintenance input valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] As shown in the figure, a small methanol-water hydrogenation station provided by the present invention includes a fuel tank 3 for storing reaction fuel, a liquid inlet pump 6 for pumping fuel, a vaporization coil for vaporizing fuel, a reforming chamber 9 for reforming fuel, a combustion chamber 8 for providing a heat source for the vaporization coil and the reforming chamber 9, a purifier 12, a pressure relief device 14, a buffer tank 20, and a compressor 16;

[0031] The fuel pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid inlet pump 6, the outlet of the liquid inlet pump 6 is connected to the vaporizing coil, the other end of the vaporizing coil is connected to the reforming chamber 9, the outlet of the reforming chamber 9 is connected to the purifier 12, the outlet of the purifier 12 is respectively connected to the pressure relief device 14, the buffer tank 20, and the compressor 16 through the diverter valve module, and the vaporizing coil is arranged in the combustion chamber 8;

[0032] The diverter valve module includes a three-way valve and a four-way valve 17 for gas diversion. The three-way valve is an electronic three-way valve 13. The outlet of the purifier 12 is connected to the three-way valve and the four-way valve 17 in sequence. The other port of the three-way valve is connected to the pressure relief device 14. The other three ports of the four-way valve 17 are respectively connected to the buffer tank 20, the air inlet of the compressor 16, and the maintenance input valve 21. The exhaust port of the compressor 16 is connected to the hydrogenation equipment 19.

[0033] When the equipment fails or is cold-started for the first time, that is, when the system cannot produce hydrogen normally, hydrogen at a certain pressure can be input through the maintenance input valve 21 to maintain the system components, especially the purifier 12.

[0034] Furthermore, the small methanol-water hydrogenation station also includes a radiator 10 for exhaust gas treatment and heat recovery in the combustion chamber 8 , and the radiator 10 is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port of the combustion chamber 8 .

[0035] Furthermore, the air inlet 1 of the combustion chamber 8 is connected to the blower 2, wherein the blower 2 has two functions, one is to provide sufficient oxygen for the combustion chamber 8 when the equipment is working, so as to achieve the condition of sufficient combustion, and the second is to provide a certain amount of air intake to reduce the working temperature of the reforming chamber 9 and the purifier 12 when the temperature of the reforming chamber 9 is too high;

[0036] A liquid inlet valve 5 is provided between the fuel tank 3 and the liquid inlet pump 6, and a high-temperature filter 11 is provided between the reforming chamber 9 and the purifier 12. The high-temperature filter 11 is used to roughly filter the rich hydrogen produced by the reaction in the reforming chamber 9 to filter dust or particles. The reason for using the high-temperature filter 11 is that the temperature of the newly produced rich hydrogen is about 400 degrees Celsius, and the back-end equipment needs to have good high-temperature resistance conditions. The purifier 12 filters the gas with dust or particles filtered out after passing through the high-temperature filter 11, that is, the produced rich hydrogen uses the characteristics of the palladium diaphragm, and only hydrogen molecules pass through for purification, and the purity can reach more than 99.95%;

[0037] An output valve 15 is provided between the four-way valve 17 and the compressor 16 , and a pressure gauge 18 is provided between the four-way valve 17 and the buffer tank 20 .

[0038] Furthermore, the fuel tank 3 is provided with an external liquid filling port, which is connected to the liquid filling device 4. When the fuel is lower than the lower limit, the staff needs to add reaction fuel through the liquid filling device 4, that is, add methanol water with a good ratio.

[0039] Specific working principle:

[0040] In the hydrogen production process, when the pressure of the barometer 18 is lower than 15psi, the equipment automatically switches from the hot standby state to the operating state. At this time, the system will perform the ignition operation in the combustion chamber 8. At the same time, the blower 2 sends oxygen into the combustion chamber 8 through the air inlet 1 of the combustion chamber 8. The system opens the liquid inlet valve 5, and the liquid inlet pump 6 draws methanol fuel from the fuel tank 3. After heat exchange, it enters the vaporization coil and is completely vaporized and reacts in the reforming chamber 9. A part of the produced rich hydrogen is used to provide combustion, and the excess exhaust gas and heat are processed by the radiator 10. The other part of the rich hydrogen first passes through the high-temperature filter 11 to filter the coarse gas, and after filtering the dust particles, it is converted into pure hydrogen with a purity of more than 99.95% through the purifier 12, and then is transported to the buffer tank 20 through the four-way valve 17 through the electronic three-way valve 13. At the same time, the pressure of the buffer tank 20 is monitored by the pressure gauge 18. Once the pressure of the pressure gauge 18 reaches 25psi, the system automatically switches from the operating state to the hot standby state, the system closes the corresponding solenoid valve, closes the liquid inlet pump 6 and the blower 2, and at the same time the electronic three-way valve 13 switches to the pressure relief device 14, the system stops hydrogen production, and the excess gas of the purifier 12 is discharged through the pressure relief device 14 to prevent the purifier 12 from outputting a negative pressure when the equipment is not working. When the system is not working, the three-way valve is opened to this position by default.

[0041] During the hydrogenation process, after the system detects that the hydrogenation equipment 19 is connected, the output valve 15 is opened. After the system works, the purified pure hydrogen passes through the compressor 16 to convert the low-pressure pure hydrogen into high-pressure hydrogen and provide it to the hydrogen storage tank of the equipment to achieve the purpose of hydrogenation. The whole process does not have a high pressure output or a difficult link.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small methanol water hydrogenation station, characterized in that: It comprises a fuel tank (3), a liquid inlet pump (6) for pumping fuel, a vaporizing coil for vaporizing fuel, a reforming chamber (9) for reforming the fuel, a combustion chamber (8) for providing a heat source for the vaporizing coil and the reforming chamber (9), a purifier (12), a pressure relief device (14), a buffer tank (20), and a compressor (16); The fuel pump is connected to the inlet of the liquid inlet pump (6), the outlet of the liquid inlet pump (6) is connected to the vaporizing coil, the other end of the vaporizing coil is connected to the reforming chamber (9), the outlet of the reforming chamber (9) is connected to the purifier (12), the outlet of the purifier (12) is respectively connected to the pressure relief device (14), the buffer tank (20), and the compressor (16) through the diverter valve module, and the vaporizing coil is arranged in the combustion chamber (8); The diverter valve module comprises a three-way valve and a four-way valve (17); the outlet of the purifier (12) is connected to the three-way valve and the four-way valve (17) in sequence; another port of the three-way valve is connected to the pressure relief device (14); the other three ports of the four-way valve (17) are respectively connected to the buffer tank (20), the air inlet of the compressor (16), and the maintenance input valve (21); the exhaust port of the compressor (16) is connected to the hydrogenation equipment (19); It also includes a radiator (10) for treating the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber (8) and recovering heat, wherein the radiator (10) is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port of the combustion chamber (8); The air inlet (1) of the combustion chamber (8) is connected to a blower (2); a liquid inlet valve (5) is provided between the fuel tank (3) and the liquid inlet pump (6); a high-temperature filter (11) is provided between the reforming chamber (9) and the purifier (12); an output valve (15) is provided between the four-way valve (17) and the compressor (16); and a pressure gauge (18) is provided between the four-way valve (17) and the buffer tank (20); The fuel tank (3) is provided with an external liquid filling port.

Images