Artificial wetland water distribution and collection device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an artificial wetland water distribution and collection device, comprising: a wetland unit, having: an anti-seepage layer, arranged at the bottom and side walls of the wetland unit; a filler layer, located in a space formed by the anti-seepage layer; wetland plants, located on the upper part of the filler layer; a water distribution unit, located outside the first end face of the wetland unit; a water collection unit, located outside the second end face of the wetland unit, having a drainage pipe, one end of the drainage pipe having a telescopic short section, and the other end being vertically connected to the telescopic short section and extending out of the water collection unit; a water distribution pipe, comprising a water distribution main pipe and at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes, the water distribution main pipe extending to the filler layer through the water distribution unit; the water distribution branch pipe being located in the filler layer and provided with water distribution holes; a water collection pipe, comprising a water collection main pipe and a water collection branch pipe, the water collection branch pipe being located at the bottom of the filler layer and below the water distribution branch pipe, the water collection hole being provided on the water collection branch pipe; a water collection main pipe extending to the water collection unit; a ventilation pipe, one end of which is connected to the water collection branch pipe, the other end extending out of the wetland unit and provided with a ventilation cap at the end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to an artificial wetland water distribution and collection device. Background Art

[0002] As my country's urbanization accelerates and the rural economy rapidly develops, residents' quality of life has significantly improved. At the same time, rural water pollution has become increasingly prominent. Constructed wetland wastewater treatment technology, due to its advantages such as low investment, simple operation, low operating costs, and excellent treatment results, has been widely promoted and applied in southern China in recent years. However, in northern China, where winters are cold, constructed wetland technology has not been widely adopted.

[0003] Constructed wetlands are artificially constructed wastewater treatment facilities that mimic the structure and function of natural wetlands. Composed of a matrix, plants, and microorganisms, these ecosystems remove pollutants and purify wastewater through matrix adsorption and filtration, plant absorption, fixation, and transformation, and microbial decomposition, utilization, and metabolism. Microorganisms play a crucial role in the wastewater purification process. Microbial growth requires a suitable temperature environment. Low temperatures in winter slow microbial metabolism and restrict physiological activity. For example, the physiological activity and reproduction rate of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria are significantly inhibited by low temperatures.

[0004] During the low winter temperatures in northern rural areas, constructed wetlands can freeze in the packing layer, causing water pipes to freeze and clog, leading to poor drainage and uneven water distribution. This, in turn, impacts wastewater treatment and hinders the promotion and application of constructed wetlands in northern rural areas. Currently, the main approaches to addressing these issues are insulation measures, such as plant cover, film covering, and ice sealing. These three methods can, to varying degrees, mitigate the impact of low winter temperatures on wetlands, but they also present significant challenges.

[0005] Plant mulching involves harvesting plants from the wetland's surrounding area and applying them to the wetland surface. Hay or straw can also be used. It's simple to implement and provides good insulation. However, large amounts of dried plants clinging to the wetland surface are prone to decay, producing large amounts of pollutants. Nitrogen and phosphorus absorbed and fixed by the plants are then released back into the wetland, causing secondary pollution. Film mulching is commonly used in agriculture. Drawing on agricultural experience, constructed wetlands use film on the wetland surface during winter to provide insulation. However, these films are often made of non-degradable plastic, which can easily cause white pollution. The installation process is complex, and the film is thin, making operation and maintenance more difficult. Ice capping involves the water level rising in the wetland during the cold winter months, forming an ice cap on the surface. This ice cap isolates the air above and the sewage below, providing insulation. The formation of the ice cap is influenced by natural weather, and its formation, thickness, and sealing cannot be directly controlled. Regular inspections are required for its integrity and sealing, complicating operation and maintenance.

[0006] Therefore, the existing artificial wetlands suitable for low temperature conditions in the north need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to address, at least to a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a water distribution and collection device for an artificial wetland that is simple to operate, effective in implementation, causes no secondary pollution, ensures stable operation of the artificial wetland in the low temperatures of northern winter, and achieves smooth and uniform water distribution.

[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an artificial wetland water distribution and collection device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the device includes:

[0009] A wetland unit, comprising:

[0010] an anti-seepage layer, the anti-seepage layer being arranged on the bottom and side walls of the wetland unit;

[0011] a packing layer, the packing layer being located in the space formed by the anti-leakage layer;

[0012] Wetland plants, the wetland plants are located on the upper part of the filler layer;

[0013] a water distribution unit, the water distribution unit being located outside the first end surface of the wetland unit and connected to the wetland unit;

[0014] A water collection unit, the water collection unit is located outside the second end face of the wetland unit and is connected to the wetland unit, the water collection unit has a drainage pipe, one end of the drainage pipe is a telescopic short section with a bell mouth, which is located inside the water collection unit, and the other end of the drainage pipe is vertically connected to the telescopic short section and extends out of the water collection unit;

[0015] A water distribution pipe, comprising a water distribution main pipe and at least two layers of water distribution branches spaced apart in height, the water distribution main pipe extending to the packing layer through the water distribution unit; the at least two layers of water distribution branches are located in the packing layer and connected to the water distribution main pipe, and the water distribution branches are provided with water distribution holes;

[0016] A water collecting pipe, comprising a water collecting main pipe and a water collecting branch pipe, wherein the water collecting branch pipe is located at the bottom of the packing layer and below the water distribution branch pipe, and is provided with a water collecting hole; the water collecting main pipe is connected to the water collecting branch pipe and extends to the water collecting unit;

[0017] A vent pipe, one end of which is connected to the water collecting branch pipe, and the other end of which extends out of the wetland unit, and a vent cap is provided at the end of the other end.

[0018] According to the artificial wetland water distribution and collection device of the embodiment of the present invention, the anti-leakage layer, the filler layer and the wetland plants constitute the basic wetland ecosystem, wherein the filler layer performs adsorption and filtration, the wetland plants play the role of absorption, fixation and transformation, and the derived microorganisms are conducive to decomposition, utilization and metabolism to remove pollutants, so that the sewage is purified. The raw water enters the water distribution unit through the water distribution main pipe, and then reaches the wetland unit through the water distribution holes on the water distribution branch pipe. At least two layers of water distribution branch pipes arranged up and down are conducive to ensuring the uniformity and smoothness of water distribution in the wetland unit. In addition, during the low temperature period in winter in northern rural areas, by opening the layer of water distribution branch pipes closest to the wetland plants, it is conducive to forming an ice cover on the surface of the wetland unit, which plays a role in heat preservation and ensures the normal temperature required for the survival of microorganisms inside the wetland unit. After the ice cover is formed, the operation of the wetland unit can be maintained by other layers of water distribution branch pipes. After the raw water is treated by the wetland unit, the resulting tailwater is collected through the water collection holes on the water collection branch pipe at the bottom of the packing layer and flows through the water collection main pipe to the water collection unit. One end of the drainage pipe in the water collection unit is a retractable short section with a bell mouth, which facilitates the adjustment of the water level in the wetland unit. One end of the vent pipe is connected to the water collection branch pipe to prevent negative pressure in the water collection branch pipe, improve water collection efficiency, and extend the service life of the water collection branch pipe. The vent cap prevents foreign matter from entering the water collection branch pipe and preventing blockage. As a result, the device is simple to operate, effective in implementation, and does not cause secondary pollution. It can ensure the stable operation of the artificial wetland in the low temperature environment of northern winter and achieve smooth and uniform water distribution.

[0019] In addition, the artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the anti-seepage layer is selected from fine sand-composite geomembrane-fine sand, fine sand-plastic film-fine sand, concrete, permeability coefficient <10 -8 cm / s and at least one of soils having a thickness greater than 0.5 m.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the filler in the filler layer is selected from at least one of limestone, volcanic rock, zeolite, shale, ceramsite, and slag.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the filler is 8-25 mm.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the filler layer is 0.8-1.5 μm.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the wetland plant is selected from at least one of reed, cattail, calamus, canna, water lily, water plantain, water celery, rush, wild rice stem, and ryegrass.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, each layer of the water distribution branch pipes includes a plurality of the water distribution branch pipes.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, among the at least two layers of the water distribution branch pipes, at least one layer of the water distribution branch pipes is located above the freezing line of the wetland unit, and at least one layer of the water distribution branch pipes is located below the freezing line of the wetland unit.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, two layers of water distribution branches adjacent in the height direction are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water distribution branches are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water distribution hole and the water collection hole are both elliptical holes.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the area of ​​the water collection hole is not smaller than that of the water distribution hole.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water distribution hole is located at the lower part of the water distribution branch pipe, and the water collection hole is located at the lower part of the water collection branch pipe.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water distribution holes are evenly provided at the lower portion of each water distribution branch pipe along the length direction of the water distribution branch pipe, and the water collection holes are evenly provided at the lower portion of each water collection branch pipe along the length direction of the water collection branch pipe.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, plugs are provided at the ends of the water distribution main pipe and the water distribution branch pipe.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first electric valve is provided at the connection point between the water distribution branch pipe and the water distribution main pipe on each floor.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of water collecting branch pipes are included.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, three layers of the water distribution branch pipes and one layer of the water collection branch pipes are included in the height direction, each layer of the water distribution branch pipes includes 3-4 water distribution branch pipes, and each layer of the water collection branch pipes includes 4 water collection branch pipes.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, each of the water collecting branch pipes and each of the water distribution branch pipes adjacent to the water collecting branch pipe in the height direction are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, each of the water collecting branch pipes and each of the water distributing branch pipes are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation pipe extends 10-50 cm out of the wetland unit.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ventilation pipe is vertically connected to an end of the water collecting branch pipe away from the water collecting main pipe.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned artificial wetland water distribution and collection device further includes: an emptying unit, which is connected to the water collection unit, and a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the emptying unit, one end of the drain pipe is connected to the water collection unit, and the other end of the drain pipe extends out of the emptying unit.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, a second electric valve is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 is a top view of a constructed wetland water distribution and collection device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 2 is a front view of a constructed wetland water distribution and collection device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 2. It is a left side view of a constructed wetland water distribution and collection device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a top view of an artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0054] In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes an artificial wetland water distribution and collection device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 1-3 The device includes: a wetland unit 2, a water distribution unit 1, a water collection unit 3, a water distribution pipe, a water collection pipe and a ventilation pipe 12.

[0055] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the wetland unit 2 has an anti-seepage layer 13, a filler layer 15 and wetland plants 16. It should be noted that the specific shape of the wetland unit is not particularly limited, such as a cube, cylinder, elliptical cylinder, etc. that meet the requirements of the specification. The anti-seepage layer 13 is provided at the bottom and side walls of the wetland unit 2, and is suitable for preventing raw water from leaking and avoiding raw water from polluting groundwater and soil. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the specific type of the anti-seepage layer is not particularly limited, such as it can be selected from fine sand-composite geomembrane-fine sand, fine sand-plastic film-fine sand, concrete, permeability coefficient <10 -8 cm / s and at least one of the soils with a thickness greater than 0.5m. The above-mentioned anti-seepage layer meets the requirements of the specifications. Further, the filler layer 15 is located in the space formed by the anti-seepage layer 13. Specifically, the filler in the filler layer can be selected from at least one of limestone, volcanic rock, zeolite, shale, ceramsite, and slag; further, the particle size of the filler can be 8-25mm. The inventors found that if the filler particle size is too low, the filler cost increases and the porosity decreases, causing the filler to be easily clogged, affecting the wetland treatment capacity; and if the filler particle size is too large, the specific surface area is small and the porosity is too large, which is not conducive to the growth of microorganisms in the filler. Further, the thickness of the filler layer can be 0.8-1.5m. The inventors found that if the filler thickness is too high, the wetland construction cost increases significantly, the hydraulic retention time increases under the same floor area, and the anaerobic phenomenon is obvious, thereby affecting the wetland treatment effect; and if the filler thickness is too low, the effective volume that can be used by the wetland unit is reduced, and the wetland treatment effect is significantly reduced under the same floor area. The wetland plants 16 are located on the upper portion of the filler layer 15. Specifically, the wetland plants 16 can be selected from at least one of reed, cattail, calamus, canna, lily of the valley, water plantain, water celery, rush, wild rice stem, and ryegrass.

[0056] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution unit 1 is located outside the first end surface of the wetland unit 2, is connected to the wetland unit, and is suitable for supplying raw water to the wetland unit.

[0057] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the water collection unit 3 is located outside the second end face of the wetland unit 2 and is connected to the wetland unit 2. The water collection unit 3 has a drain pipe 9, one end of which is a retractable short section 14 with a bell mouth, which is located inside the water collection unit 3. The other end of the drain pipe 9 is vertically connected to the retractable short section and extends out of the water collection unit 3. The drain pipe 9 is suitable for collecting raw water treated by the wetland unit, i.e., tail water, and discharging the tail water into the artificial wetland water distribution and collection device. The retractable short section with a bell mouth facilitates adjusting the water level inside the wetland unit.

[0058] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the water distribution pipe includes a water distribution main pipe 5 and at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes 6 that are spaced apart in the height direction. The water distribution main pipe 5 extends to the packing layer 15 through the water distribution unit 1; the at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes 6 are located in the packing layer 15 and are connected to the water distribution main pipe 5. The water distribution branch pipes 6 are provided with water distribution holes and are suitable for distributing raw water into the wetland unit. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, each layer of water distribution branch pipes 6 may include multiple water distribution branch pipes. Furthermore, among the at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes 6, at least one layer of water distribution branch pipes 6 is located above the freezing line of the wetland unit, and at least one layer of water distribution branch pipes 6 is located below the freezing line of the wetland unit. Therefore, during the low temperature period in winter in northern rural areas, by introducing raw water into the water distribution branch pipe located above the freezing line, it is beneficial to form a continuous and uniform ice cover on the surface of the wetland unit, thereby achieving the insulation effect on the wetland unit and ensuring the normal temperature required for the survival of microorganisms inside the wetland unit; and by sending raw water into the wetland unit through the water distribution branch pipe located below the freezing line, it is beneficial to maintain the normal operation of the wetland unit. It should be noted that the freezing line mentioned here is determined according to the temperature of the specific location of the wetland unit. Furthermore, the two layers of water distribution branch pipes 6 adjacent in the height direction are spaced apart in the horizontal direction, such as Figure 3 As shown, from top to bottom, each water distribution branch pipe on the third layer is located directly below each water distribution branch pipe on the first layer, and each water distribution branch pipe on the second layer is located directly below the middle of two connected water distribution branch pipes on the first layer. This ensures that water distribution within the wetland unit is free of dead spots and gullies, improving the uniformity and smoothness of water distribution within the wetland unit. Furthermore, the water distribution branch pipes 6 are spaced horizontally, meaning that the water distribution branches on different layers are spaced horizontally apart. This further improves the uniformity of water distribution within the wetland unit. Furthermore, the shape of the water distribution holes on the water distribution branch pipes is not particularly limited and can be, for example, elliptical. Furthermore, the water distribution holes can be located at the bottom of the water distribution branch pipes, which helps improve the water distribution efficiency of the water distribution branch pipes. Furthermore, to further improve the uniformity of water distribution within the wetland unit, water distribution holes can be evenly spaced at the bottom of each water distribution branch pipe along its length. Furthermore, to prevent debris from entering the water distribution pipes, plugs can be installed at the ends of the main water distribution pipe 5 and the water distribution branch pipe 6. Furthermore, to achieve automated control and reduce labor input, a first electric valve 11 can be installed at the connection between each water distribution branch pipe 6 and the main water distribution pipe 5. By controlling the first electric valve, whether raw water is flowing into each water distribution branch pipe can be controlled, thereby controlling the water distribution of the wetland unit. In winter, when rural sewage volumes are low, the first electric valve can be used in conjunction with the retractable short section of the drain pipe to effectively lower the sewage level within the wetland unit, ensuring effective treatment of sewage under the ice cover.

[0059] Furthermore, the specific number of water distribution branch pipe layers inside the wetland unit and the number of water distribution branch pipes contained in each layer of water distribution branch pipes can be determined according to the specific size of the wetland unit and the diameter of the water distribution branch pipes. For example, the wetland unit 2 can contain 3 layers of water distribution branch pipes, and each layer of water distribution branch pipes can include 3-4 water distribution branch pipes. For example, the first and third layers from top to bottom contain 4 water distribution branch pipes, and the second layer in the middle contains 3 water distribution branch pipes.

[0060] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the water collection pipe includes a water collection main pipe 8 and a water collection branch pipe 7. The water collection branch pipe 7 is located at the bottom of the packing layer 15 and below the water distribution branch pipe 6. The water collection branch pipe 7 is provided with a water collection hole. The water collection main pipe 8 is connected to the water collection branch pipe 7 and extends to the water collection unit 3. It is suitable for discharging the tail water obtained after treatment by the wetland unit out of the wetland unit. It should be noted that the specific location of the water collection hole is not particularly limited. For example, in order to increase the treatment time of the raw water in the wetland unit, the water collection hole can be set at the bottom of the water collection branch pipe. Furthermore, the shape of the water collection hole is not particularly limited and can be elliptical. Furthermore, in order to improve the water collection efficiency of the wetland unit, the area of ​​a single water collection hole is not less than the water distribution hole. Furthermore, in order to improve the water collection efficiency of the wetland unit, water collection holes can be evenly arranged at the bottom of each water collection branch pipe along the length of the water collection branch pipe, or a plurality of water collection branches can be included. To balance installation convenience and water collection efficiency, a layer of water collection branches can be provided within the wetland unit. Furthermore, this layer of water collection branches can include four water collection branches. Furthermore, to further increase the processing time of raw water within the wetland unit, each water collection branch can be horizontally spaced from each water distribution branch adjacent to it in the height direction. Furthermore, each water collection branch can be horizontally spaced from each water distribution branch.

[0061] According to another embodiment of the present invention, one end of the vent pipe 12 is connected to the water collecting branch pipe 7, and the other end extends out of the wetland unit 2, and the end of the other end is provided with a vent cap. The inventors found that one end of the vent pipe is connected to the water collecting branch pipe, which can avoid the water collecting branch pipe from generating negative pressure, improve the water collecting efficiency, and extend the service life of the water collecting branch pipe, while the vent cap can prevent foreign matter from entering the water collecting branch pipe and avoid clogging of the water collecting branch pipe. Furthermore, the distance that the vent pipe extends out of the wetland unit is not particularly limited, such as 10-50 cm, preferably 20 cm. Furthermore, in order to further strengthen the above-mentioned role of the vent pipe, the vent pipe 12 can be vertically connected to the end of the water collecting branch pipe 7 away from the water collecting main pipe 8.

[0062] According to the artificial wetland water distribution and collection device of the embodiment of the present invention, the anti-leakage layer, the filler layer and the wetland plants constitute the basic wetland ecosystem, wherein the filler layer performs adsorption and filtration, the wetland plants play the role of absorption, fixation and transformation, and the derived microorganisms are conducive to decomposition, utilization and metabolism to remove pollutants, so that the sewage is purified. The raw water enters the water distribution unit through the water distribution main pipe, and then reaches the wetland unit through the water distribution holes on the water distribution branch pipe. At least two layers of water distribution branch pipes arranged up and down are conducive to ensuring the uniformity and smoothness of water distribution in the wetland unit. In addition, during the low temperature period in winter in northern rural areas, by opening the layer of water distribution branch pipes closest to the wetland plants, it is conducive to forming an ice cover on the surface of the wetland unit, which plays a role in heat preservation and ensures the normal temperature required for the survival of microorganisms inside the wetland unit. After the ice cover is formed, the operation of the wetland unit can be maintained by other layers of water distribution branch pipes. After the raw water is treated by the wetland unit, the resulting tailwater is collected through the water collection holes on the water collection branch pipe at the bottom of the packing layer and flows through the water collection main pipe to the water collection unit. One end of the drainage pipe in the water collection unit is a retractable short section with a bell mouth, which facilitates the adjustment of the water level in the wetland unit. One end of the vent pipe is connected to the water collection branch pipe to prevent negative pressure in the water collection branch pipe, improve water collection efficiency, and extend the service life of the water collection branch pipe. The vent cap prevents foreign matter from entering the water collection branch pipe and prevents clogging. As a result, the device is simple to operate, effective in implementation, and does not cause secondary pollution. It can ensure the stable operation of the artificial wetland in the low temperature environment of northern winter and achieve smooth and uniform water distribution.

[0063] Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 To drain the sewage from the wetland units during downtime or maintenance, the constructed wetland water distribution and collection device can further include a drain unit 4. This unit is connected to the water collection unit 3 and has a drain pipe 10 at its base. One end of the drain pipe 10 is connected to the water collection unit 3, and the other end extends out of the drain unit 4. Furthermore, to further automate control and reduce labor, a second electric valve can be installed on the drain pipe 10.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An artificial wetland water distribution and collection device, characterized in that: include: A wetland unit, comprising: an anti-seepage layer, the anti-seepage layer being arranged on the bottom and side walls of the wetland unit; A packing layer, wherein the packing layer is located in the space formed by the anti-leakage layer, the particle size of the packing is 8-25 mm, and the thickness of the packing layer is 0.8-1.5 m; Wetland plants, the wetland plants are located on the upper part of the filler layer; a water distribution unit, the water distribution unit being located outside the first end surface of the wetland unit and connected to the wetland unit; A water collection unit, the water collection unit is located outside the second end face of the wetland unit and is connected to the wetland unit, the water collection unit has a drainage pipe, one end of the drainage pipe is a telescopic short section with a bell mouth, which is located inside the water collection unit, and the other end of the drainage pipe is vertically connected to the telescopic short section and extends out of the water collection unit; A water distribution pipe, comprising a water distribution main pipe and at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes spaced apart in height, the water distribution main pipe extending to the packing layer through the water distribution unit; the at least two layers of water distribution branch pipes are located within the packing layer and connected to the water distribution main pipe, each of the water distribution branch pipes being provided with water distribution holes, and a first electric valve being provided at the connection between the water distribution branch pipe and the water distribution main pipe on each layer; A water collecting pipe, comprising a water collecting main pipe and a water collecting branch pipe, wherein the water collecting branch pipe is located at the bottom of the packing layer and below the water distribution branch pipe, and is provided with a water collecting hole; the water collecting main pipe is connected to the water collecting branch pipe and extends to the water collecting unit; a vent pipe, one end of which is connected to the water collecting branch pipe, the other end of which extends out of the wetland unit, and the end of which is provided with a vent cap; Each layer of the water distribution branch pipes includes a plurality of the water distribution branch pipes. Among the at least two layers of the water distribution branch pipes, at least one layer of the water distribution branch pipes is located above the freezing line of the wetland unit, and at least one layer of the water distribution branch pipes is located below the freezing line of the wetland unit. During the low temperature period in winter, raw water is introduced through the water distribution branch pipes located above the freezing line to form a continuous and uniform ice cover on the surface of the wetland unit, thereby achieving thermal insulation for the wetland unit and ensuring the normal temperature required for the survival of microorganisms inside the wetland unit. Raw water is sent into the wetland unit through the water distribution branch pipes located below the freezing line to maintain the normal operation of the wetland unit.

2. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-seepage layer is selected from fine sand-composite geomembrane-fine sand, fine sand-plastic film-fine sand, concrete, permeability coefficient <10 -8 cm / s and at least one of soils having a thickness greater than 0.5 m.

3. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler in the filler layer is selected from at least one of limestone, volcanic rock, zeolite, shale, ceramsite, and slag; The wetland plants are selected from at least one of reed, cattail, calamus, canna, lily of the valley, water plantain, water celery, rush, wild rice stem and ryegrass.

4. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution branch pipes of two adjacent layers in the height direction are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction.

5. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water distribution branches are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction.

6. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution hole and the water collection hole are both elliptical holes.

7. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The area of ​​the water collection hole is not smaller than that of the water distribution hole.

8. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water distribution hole is located at the lower part of the water distribution branch pipe, and the water collection hole is located at the lower part of the water collection branch pipe.

9. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water distribution holes are evenly arranged at the lower portion of each water distribution branch pipe along the length direction of the water distribution branch pipe, and the water collection holes are evenly arranged at the lower portion of each water collection branch pipe along the length direction of the water collection branch pipe.

10. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the water distribution main pipe and the water distribution branch pipe are provided with plugs.

11. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of water collecting branch pipes.

12. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 11, characterized in that: In the height direction, it includes three layers of water distribution branch pipes and one layer of water collection branch pipes, each layer of water distribution branch pipes includes 3-4 water distribution branch pipes, and each layer of water collection branch pipes includes 4 water collection branch pipes.

13. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Each of the water collecting branch pipes and each of the water distribution branch pipes adjacent to the water collecting branch pipe in the height direction are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction.

14. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Each of the water collecting branch pipes and each of the water distributing branch pipes are spaced apart in the horizontal direction.

15. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation pipe extends 10-50 cm out of the wetland unit.

16. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The vent pipe is vertically connected to one end of the water collecting branch pipe away from the water collecting main pipe.

17. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further including: An emptying unit is connected to the water collecting unit. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the emptying unit. One end of the drain pipe is connected to the water collecting unit, and the other end of the drain pipe extends out of the emptying unit.

18. The artificial wetland water distribution and collection device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is provided with a second electric valve.

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