Animal leather fiber bundles, yarns, core-spun yarns and products with nano-scale branches

Abstract

The present invention discloses an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, yarn and products. The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber main body, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber main body; the animal leather fiber main body has nano-scale branches, the yarn is formed by the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the core-spun yarn includes a core yarn and a cortex, the cortex includes an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, and the product is made of any one of the above. The present invention has independent and separated nano-scale branches, presents the characteristics of good antibacterial effect and improved mechanical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an animal leather fiber bundle, a yarn and a core-spun yarn, in particular to an animal leather fiber bundle, a yarn and a core-spun yarn with nano-scale branches. Background Art

[0002] my country's leather industry is a component of light industry, which includes three natural industries: leather making, fur and leather products. The finished product of leather making is called leather, which is the leather product of animals with hair removed; fur is also called fur leather or fur, which is the leather product of animals with hair; leather products are products of deep processing of leather or fur, such as leather shoes, leather clothes, leather goods, etc.

[0003] Tanning refers to the process of subjecting raw hides to a series of physical and chemical processing to change their properties and appearance to obtain leather.

[0004] Raw hides are peeled off from animals. Raw hides mainly include epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Among them, the dermis is located below the epidermis, and its weight and thickness account for more than 90% of the raw hide, which is the main part of the raw hide. The dermis is mainly composed of collagen fibers, elastic fibers and reticular fibers that are tightly woven and connected together. In addition, the dermis also contains some non-fibrous components, such as hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, fat cells, muscles, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and fibrous stroma.

[0005] The collagen fibers described above are the main fibers in the dermis, which constitute the main body of the hide. Collagen fibers are composed of collagen, accounting for 95%-98% of the weight of all fibers in the dermis.

[0006] Collagen fibers do not branch, but gather into bundles. The structure is as follows:

[0007] Tropocollagen molecule → protofibril (diameter 1.2~1.7nm) → subfibril (diameter 3~5nm) → protofibril (diameter generally 20nm) → fibril (diameter 2~5μm) → collagen fiber (diameter 20~150μm). Tropocollagen molecule is a right-handed composite helical structure formed by three left-handed helical collagen peptide chains. The collagen peptide chain is composed of a helical chain and a non-helical terminal peptide connected to it. Both the helical chain and the non-helical terminal peptide are composed of amino acid sequences. Although the amino acid composition and sequence of collagen vary due to different sources and collagen types, the composition of several major amino acids is roughly the same, namely glycine, alanine, proline and hydroxyproline.

[0008] The process of collagen fiber formation is as follows: protocollagen molecule → protofibril (diameter 1.2~1.7nm) → subfibril (diameter 3~5nm) → protofibril (diameter generally 20nm) → fibril (diameter 2~5μm) → collagen fiber (diameter 20~150μm). However, the state of collagen fibers in products such as animal skins or leather does not exist as independent, separated collagen fiber bundles with nano-scale branches.

[0009] The raw material "hide" for leather making has the following properties before being processed:

[0010] (1) The skin peeled off from the animal body is wet. After drying, it becomes hard and loses its flexibility and softness, and it breaks easily when bent.

[0011] (2) Wet raw hides and skins will quickly rot, shed, and stink when placed in hot and humid conditions.

[0012] (3) In hot water above 65°C, rawhide will shrink. The higher the temperature, the greater the degree of shrinkage.

[0013] (4) Raw hides have poor air permeability and water vapor permeability, which means they are not hygienic.

[0014] (5) Raw hides and skins are easily damaged by chemicals.

[0015] Due to the above properties of raw hides, raw hides cannot be directly made into daily necessities for people to use. Therefore, people make leather from raw hides through a series of physical and chemical treatments. Although leather is obtained by physical and chemical treatment of raw hides, the morphology and structure of the collagen fiber bundles in leather are basically the same as those in raw hides.

[0016] Leather obtained by processing raw hides is favored by people because it will not become hard and brittle materials, will not rot, will not shrink, has good air permeability and water vapor permeability, and has good chemical resistance. However, when leather is made into leather products, a large amount of scraps will appear. According to statistics, my country's tanning and leather products industry alone produces about 1.4 million tons of leather scraps each year, India produces 150,000 tons of leather scraps each year, and the United States produces 60,000 tons of chromium-containing leather waste each year. These leather scraps are one of the important factors causing serious pollution in the leather industry.

[0017] Based on the large amount of leather scraps, since the 1980s, due to the increasingly stringent environmental regulations of developed countries, the reduction of places available for landfilling leather scraps, and the high cost of pollution control, on the one hand, developed countries have transferred their polluting industries to developing countries; on the other hand, they have also actively carried out research and application on the recycling of leather scraps. Especially since the 1990s, with the increasingly severe global ecological problems such as resources and environment, the development of the leather industry is facing the challenge of the "sustainable development" strategy. Therefore, the resource utilization of leather scraps has become an important topic of concern at home and abroad.

[0018] The recycling of leather scraps has a long history, but in the past it did not attract widespread attention from people in and outside the industry. In the past 20 years, with the development of molecular biology and people's in-depth understanding of collagen and its properties, its application field has become more extensive; therefore, the resource utilization of leather scraps is no longer just the use of waste dandruff to produce low-value-added products such as recycled leather, but has been given new content, that is, to strive for high-value-added transformation. Since collagen fiber is an important functional substance that constitutes the animal body and it has unparalleled biocompatibility and biodegradability than other synthetic polymer materials. Therefore, as a natural biomass resource, the importance and economic status of collagen fiber (i.e. animal leather fiber) in the food, medicine, cosmetics, feed, fertilizer and other industries are becoming increasingly prominent.

[0019] Based on the above background, the inventor has conducted in-depth research on the reuse of leather scraps, applied for domestic and foreign patents, and put them into actual production, such as Chinese patent application No. 200410034435.4, 200410090255.8, 200410097268.8, 200410097268.8, 200510036778.9, 200710003092.9, 200710090219.5, 201010211811.8, 201020236921.5, 201621302339.8, etc., all of which involve collagen fibers. The above collagen fibers studied by the inventor are obtained by gradually loosening the collagen fibers in leather scraps or leather in a woven state under the hydraulic action of a liquid debonding machine. However, in previous research and implementation, only the collagen fibers in leather scraps or leather were loosened to form animal leather fibers with a main body and gradual branches. In the study, it was found that nano-scale materials will produce properties unique to non-nano-scale materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to study and implement independent and separated nano-scale animal leather fiber branches and their processing methods.

[0020] For this reason, some people have begun to study natural nanofibers. For example, a method for preparing natural nanofibers is disclosed in a patent document with Chinese patent application number 200510086251.7 and publication date February 8, 2006, and specifically discloses the following steps:

[0021] (1) Soak the natural biological material in a container containing a certain solvent.

[0022] (2) Turning on an ultrasonic device of a certain frequency and power, inserting an ultrasonic transmitting probe into a container containing a solution of a natural biological material, and performing ultrasonic dissociation for a certain period of time, thereby preparing a natural nanofiber. The natural biological material includes spider silk, silkworm silk, wild silkworm silk, wool, fish scales, bamboo fiber, collagen fiber, and wood fiber.

[0023] The above-mentioned document discloses that natural nanofibers can be obtained through collagen fibers, but those skilled in the art know that collagen fibers are distributed in bone tissue, and the protein constituting collagen fibers is type I collagen. Type I collagen constitutes bone collagen, and bone type I collagen has more than 3,000 amino acids and a molecular weight of 95,000. It is different from connective tissue and type I collagen in chemical structure. Bone type I collagen has fewer cross-linking sites, and the cross-linking is a structure formed after G-aldehyde lysine is reduced by sodium borohydride. The pre-N-terminal extended peptide of bone type I collagen is phosphorylated, while no procollagen modified by translation is found in connective tissue. Bone collagen is also different from cartilage collagen in terms of amino acid composition. It contains two special amino acids, namely serine and glycine. A large amount of serine exists in the form of phosphoserine salt, so the combination of phosphate and bone collagen is very important during the mineralization process. During the mineralization of bone matrix, hydroxyapatite combines with bone collagen to form normal bone. The type I collagen of the bone is cross-linked to form a bone matrix framework; the quality and quantity of bone collagen are also related to mineralization, maintaining a certain deposition ratio. The mineralization process also requires the participation of non-collagen proteins in the bone matrix, namely osteocalcin and matrix proteins. Type I collagen not only provides a structural site for osteocalcin, but also combines with non-collagen proteins such as osteocalcin to form a network scaffold, providing basic conditions for bone mineralization.

[0024] In the process of practical research, on the ultra-thin sections of undecalcified bones, hydroxyapatite crystals can be seen distributed along the long axis of collagen fibers. Collagen fibers have poor compression resistance and elasticity, and hydroxyapatite crystals are fragile, but when the two are combined together, they have great structural strength, thus giving bone tissue strong mechanical properties.

[0025] The collagen fibers in leather are also composed of collagen, but different from the collagen in bone collagen fibers. Moreover, the collagen fibers in leather have better compression resistance and elasticity, which shows that there are obvious differences in composition and properties between the collagen fibers in leather and bone collagen fibers.

[0026] Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to develop a method for separating animal leather collagen fiber bundles with nano-scale branches from leather to improve the performance of the separated animal leather fiber bundles. Summary of the invention

[0027] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an animal leather fiber bundle with nanoscale branches. The animal leather fiber bundle structure of the present invention has independent, separated nanoscale branches attached to the animal leather fiber body, which exhibits good antibacterial effect, good adsorption performance, and the ability to improve mechanical properties.

[0028] The second object of the present invention is to provide an animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches. The yarn structure of the present invention, in which the animal leather fiber bundle has independent, separated and connected nano-scale branches on the main body of the animal leather fiber, presents the characteristics of good antibacterial effect, good adsorption performance, and the ability to improve mechanical properties.

[0029] The third object of the present invention is to provide a core-spun yarn of an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches. The core-spun yarn structure of the present invention, in which the animal leather fiber bundle has independent, separated and connected nano-scale branches on the main body of the animal leather fiber, presents the characteristics of good antibacterial effect, good adsorption performance, and the ability to improve mechanical properties.

[0030] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a product having a nano-scale branched animal leather fiber bundle. The animal leather fiber bundle in the product has independent, separated and connected nano-scale branches on the main body of the animal leather fiber, showing good antibacterial effect, good adsorption performance, and the ability to improve mechanical properties.

[0031] In order to achieve the above-mentioned first purpose, an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber body, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber body; and the animal leather fiber body has nano-scale branches.

[0032] Furthermore, the nanoscale branches include nanoscale branches having a diameter of less than 200 nm.

[0033] The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle with nano-scale branches formed by various processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing of animal leather. Compared with the primary fibrils, subfibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately and are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. There is an obvious difference in the number per unit length between the morphological structure of the primary fibrils, subfibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber bundle not only exerts its own performance but also produces new functions, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent, separated nano-scale branches attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by an amino acid sequence to form a peptide chain, and then the peptide chain forms a collagen molecule. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, so the absorption capacity of ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0034] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0035] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the interchain hydrogen bonds and the intramolecular and inter-molecular covalent cross-linking. So far, the first confirmed cross-linking structures are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increase in the number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easy to combine with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between the chains, the nano-scale branches are easy to combine with the animal leather fiber and its other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber, and the main body of the animal leather fiber provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the main body of the animal leather fiber, the nano-scale branches, and the main body of the animal leather fiber and the nano-scale branches are easily intertwined, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the animal leather fiber bundle.

[0036] In order to achieve the above-mentioned second purpose, an animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber main body, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber main body, and has branches and nano-scale branches on the animal leather fiber main body, and the animal leather fiber main body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement.

[0037] Furthermore, the nanoscale branches include nanoscale branches having a diameter of less than 200 nm.

[0038] Furthermore, the animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches also includes other textile fibers except the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches.

[0039] The animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches is made by twisting the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, so that the animal leather fiber body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement. The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle formed by a variety of processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing. Compared with the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately and are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. There is a significant difference in the morphology and structure between the nano-scale branches and the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber not only exerts its own performance but also produces a new function, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent and separate nano-scale branches attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by an amino acid sequence to form a peptide chain, and then the peptide chain forms a collagen molecule. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, and therefore, the ability to absorb ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0040] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0041] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the inter-chain hydrogen bonds and the intra-molecule and inter-molecule covalent cross-linking. So far, the first cross-linking structures confirmed are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increased number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easily combined with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between chains, when the animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches are interwoven together using a twisting process, the nano-scale branches are easily combined with the animal leather fiber body and its branches and other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the animal leather fiber body, and the animal leather fiber body provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the animal leather fiber body, the nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber body and the nano-scale branches are easily interwoven with each other, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the yarn.

[0042] In order to achieve the above-mentioned third purpose, a core-wrapped yarn of an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes a core yarn, a cortex formed by twisting the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is coated on the outside of the core yarn, the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber main body, the animal leather fiber main body is a spinnable animal leather fiber main body, the animal leather fiber main body has branches and nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber main body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement.

[0043] Furthermore, the nanoscale branches include nanoscale branches having a diameter of less than 200 nm.

[0044] Furthermore, the cortex also includes other textile fibers besides the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches.

[0045] Furthermore, the core yarn is an elastic core yarn.

[0046] The core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches is made by twisting and longitudinally arranging animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches to form a cortex, so that the animal leather fiber body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined with each other, and the cortex is covered on the outside of the core yarn.

[0047] When combing the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches of the present invention, the more thorough the combing, the more the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches splits, the more branches and nano-scale branches there are, the thinner the animal leather fiber body and the thinner the branches are. Although the length of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches after combing becomes shorter, due to the generation of more branches, the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and its branches are interlaced, entangled and twisted with the adjacent animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and its branches through the spinning twisting process to form a mesh structure arranged along the longitudinal direction; the more branches and nano-scale branches there are, the more complex the mesh structure is, the larger the specific surface area of ​​the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the greater the friction between them, the greater the cohesion, the tensile strength and wear resistance of the cortex itself will be improved, so that for the same number of yarns, the number of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches and their branches increases, and the number of entanglement and interweaving points increases, so that the yarn is better in dryness, and the quality and performance are higher, and the natural and unique structural characteristics of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches are fully utilized. Since the core yarn is provided, even if the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches are combed into shorter animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the tensile strength of the core-spun yarn will not be affected. Therefore, the present invention solves the problem that the animal leather fiber bundles extracted from leather in the prior art cannot achieve the basic tensile strength by directly spinning, and solves the problem that it is extremely difficult or impossible to process high-count yarn.

[0048] The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle formed by a variety of processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing. Compared with the primary fibrils, subfibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately, and there is a significant difference in their morphology and structure from the primary fibrils, subfibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber not only exerts its own performance but also produces new functions, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent and separated nano-scale branches. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by amino acid sequences to form peptide chains, and then the peptide chains form collagen molecules. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, and therefore, the ability to absorb ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0049] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0050] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the inter-chain hydrogen bonds and the intra-molecule and inter-molecule covalent cross-linking. So far, the first cross-linking structures confirmed are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increased number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easily combined with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between chains, when the animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches are interwoven together to form a cortex using a twisting process, the nano-scale branches are easily combined with the animal leather fiber body and its branches and other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the animal leather fiber body, and the animal leather fiber body provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the animal leather fiber bodies, the nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber bodies and the nano-scale branches are easily interwoven with each other, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the yarn.

[0051] The first technical solution to achieve the fourth objective is: a product having a bundle of animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches, comprising the bundle of animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches.

[0052] Furthermore, other textile fibers except the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches are also included.

[0053] The second technical solution to achieve the fourth objective is: a product having a nano-scale branched animal leather fiber bundle, comprising the animal leather fiber bundle yarn having a nano-scale branch.

[0054] The third technical solution to achieve the fourth purpose is: a product with animal leather fiber bundles having nano-scale branches, comprising the core-spun yarn of the animal leather fiber bundles having nano-scale branches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches.

[0056] Figure 2 This is an electron microscope image of animal leather fiber bundles before combing.

[0057] Figure 3 This is an electron microscope image of the nanoscale branches of animal leather fiber bundles after combing.

[0058] Figure 4 Another electron microscope image of animal leather fiber bundles with nanoscale branches.

[0059] Figure 5 This is the third electron micrograph of animal leather fiber bundles with nanoscale branches.

[0060] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nanoscale branches.

[0061] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches.

[0062] Figure 8 This is an electron microscope image of the core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches peeled off from the core yarn. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] Example 1.

[0065] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber body 100, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber body; and the animal leather fiber body has branches 101 and nano-scale branches 102. The nano-scale branches include nano-scale branches with a diameter of less than 200 nm.

[0066] The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle formed by a variety of processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing. Compared with the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately and are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. There is a significant difference in the morphology and structure between the nano-scale branches and the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber bundle not only exerts its own performance but also produces a new function, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent and separate nano-scale branches attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by an amino acid sequence to form a peptide chain, and then the peptide chain forms a collagen molecule. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, and therefore, the ability to absorb ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0067] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0068] from Figure 2 It can be seen that before combing, the animal leather fibers are basically in a coarse fiber bundle structure after being defibrated and opened by liquid, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown in the figure, after combing, nanoscale animal leather fiber branches appear, as can be seen from the electron microscope image. Figure 3 There are 195.3nm nanoscale branches in Figure 4 There are 139.6nm nano-scale branches in Figure 5 There are nanoscale branches of 117.7nm in diameter.

[0069] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the interchain hydrogen bonds and the intramolecular and inter-molecular covalent cross-linking. So far, the first confirmed cross-linking structures are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increase in the number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easy to combine with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between the chains, the nano-scale branches are easy to combine with the animal leather fiber and its other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber, and the main body of the animal leather fiber provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the main body of the animal leather fiber, the nano-scale branches, and the main body of the animal leather fiber and the nano-scale branches are easily intertwined, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the animal leather fiber bundle.

[0070] Example 2.

[0071] like Figure 6 As shown, the animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber bundle 3 with nano-scale branches, such as Figure 1 As shown, the animal leather fiber bundle 3 with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber body 100, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber body, and has branches 101 and nano-scale branches 102 on the animal leather fiber body 100. The animal leather fiber body 100, the branches 101 and the nano-scale branches 102 are interlaced and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement. The nano-scale branches include nano-scale branches with a diameter of less than 200nm. Of course, other textile fibers other than the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches can also be added to the animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches.

[0072] The animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches is made by twisting the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, so that the animal leather fiber body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and arranged longitudinally. The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle formed by a variety of processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing. Compared with the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately and are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. There is a significant difference in the morphology and structure between the nano-scale branches and the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber not only exerts its own performance but also produces a new function, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent and separate nano-scale branches attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by an amino acid sequence to form a peptide chain, and then the peptide chain forms a collagen molecule. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, and therefore, the ability to absorb ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0073] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0074] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the inter-chain hydrogen bonds and the intra-molecule and inter-molecule covalent cross-linking. So far, the first cross-linking structures confirmed are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increased number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easily combined with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between chains, when the animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches are interwoven together using a twisting process, the nano-scale branches are easily combined with the animal leather fiber body and its branches and other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the animal leather fiber body, and the animal leather fiber body provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the animal leather fiber body, the nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber body and the nano-scale branches are easily interwoven with each other, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the yarn.

[0075] Example 3.

[0076] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the core-spun yarn of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes a core yarn 21, and a cortex formed by twisting the animal leather fiber bundle 3 with nano-scale branches is coated on the outside of the core yarn 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber body 100, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber body, and has branches 101 and nano-scale branches 102 on the animal leather fiber body. The animal leather fiber body 100, the branches 101 and the nano-scale branches 102 are interlaced and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement. In this embodiment, the core yarn can be an elastic core yarn, and the core-spun yarn produced in this way has elasticity. The nano-scale branches include nano-scale branches with a diameter of less than 200nm. Of course, other textile fibers other than the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches can also be added to the cortex.

[0077] The core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches is made by twisting animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches to form a cortex, so that the animal leather fiber body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and arranged longitudinally, and the cortex is covered on the outside of the core yarn.

[0078] When combing the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches of the present invention, the more thorough the combing, the more the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches splits, the more branches and nano-scale branches there are, the thinner the animal leather fiber body and the thinner the branches are. Although the length of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches after combing becomes shorter, due to the generation of more branches, the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and its branches are intertwined, entangled and twisted with the adjacent animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and their branches through the twisting process of spinning to form a mesh structure; the more branches and nano-scale branches there are, the more complex the mesh structure is, the larger the specific surface area of ​​the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the greater the friction between them, the greater the cohesion, the higher the tensile strength and wear resistance of the cortex itself, so that for the same number of yarns, the number of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches and their branches increases, and the number of entanglement and interweaving points increases, so that the yarn is better in dryness, and the quality and performance are higher, thereby making full use of the natural and unique structural characteristics of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches. Since the core yarn is provided, even if the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches are combed into shorter animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the tensile strength of the core-spun yarn will not be affected. Therefore, the present invention solves the problem that the animal leather fiber bundles extracted from leather in the prior art cannot achieve the basic tensile strength by directly spinning, and solves the problem that it is extremely difficult or impossible to process high-count yarn.

[0079] The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is a spinnable fiber bundle formed by a variety of processes such as liquid defibration, opening and combing. Compared with the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils in the process of collagen fiber formation, the nano-scale branches exist independently and separately and are attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. There is a significant difference in the morphology and structure between the nano-scale branches and the primary fibrils, sub-fibrils and fibrils. For the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, the specific surface area of ​​the nano-scale branches is significantly increased, so that the animal leather fiber not only exerts its own performance but also produces a new function, that is, it produces a great adsorption function. The adsorption function is generated due to the production of independent and separate nano-scale branches attached to the main body of the animal leather fiber. The animal leather fiber bundle is formed by an amino acid sequence to form a peptide chain, and then the peptide chain forms a collagen molecule. This special component in the animal leather fiber bundle makes the animal leather fiber bundle have a "blue shift" phenomenon in optical properties, and therefore, the ability to absorb ultraviolet light is stronger. Based on the improved ultraviolet adsorption capacity of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, and through testing and comparison, its antibacterial effect is very good, and can achieve a sterilization rate of more than 95%, which greatly exceeds the antibacterial properties of existing fiber materials themselves.

[0080] Liquid fiber disintegration is to extract the animal leather fiber bundles from leather or leather scraps under the mechanical action of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor and the hydraulic shearing action caused by the rotation of the rotor. Specifically, during the rotation of the liquid fiber disintegration machine rotor, on the one hand, the blades on the rotor act on the leather or leather scraps, causing friction and other forces between the leather or leather scraps and the rotor. On the other hand, due to the strong vortex of the rotor, a high-speed turbulent area is formed around the rotor, resulting in different flow rates of the liquid in each area, so the leather or leather scraps rub against each other, and finally the leather fiber bundles are extracted.

[0081] In addition, the collagen molecule is a right-handed composite helix of procollagen composed of three left-handed α-chains entangled with each other, which is the collagen helix, and the collagen helix is ​​the secondary structure of collagen. The high stability of the secondary structure of collagen is mainly due to the inter-chain hydrogen bonds and the intra-molecule and inter-molecule covalent cross-linking. So far, the first cross-linking structures confirmed are mainly Schiff base cross-linking, β-hydroxyaldehyde cross-linking and hydroxyaldehyde histidine cross-linking. For animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, the nano-scale branches have high activity and are extremely unstable due to the increased number of surface atoms, insufficient atomic coordination and high surface energy. They are easily combined with other atoms. Based on the covalent cross-linking effect between chains, when the animal leather fibers with nano-scale branches are interwoven together to form a cortex using a twisting process, the nano-scale branches are easily combined with the animal leather fiber body and its branches and other nano-scale branches. At the same time, the nano-scale branches are attached to the animal leather fiber body, and the animal leather fiber body provides greater mechanical strength for the animal leather fiber bundle. In addition, the animal leather fiber bodies, the nano-scale branches, and the animal leather fiber bodies and the nano-scale branches are easily interwoven with each other, thereby improving the strength and other mechanical properties of the yarn.

[0082] Example 4.

[0083] A product of an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, which is made from the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches described in Example 1.

[0084] Example 5.

[0085] A product with a nano-scale branched animal leather fiber bundle, which is made from the animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches described in Example 2.

[0086] Example 6.

[0087] A product of an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, which is made from the core-spun yarn of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches described in Example 3.

[0088] The above products can be wearable articles such as clothes, hats, shoes, socks, gloves, etc., or they can be bedding, decorative materials, etc.

[0089] The following is the antibacterial test report commissioned by the applicant to Guangdong Guangfang Testing and Metrology Technology Co., Ltd. on April 8, 2019. The test report was issued on April 18, 2019, with the number (NO.): 19F02538, security code: VBTU-IN1L-S8, report anti-counterfeiting query website: report.gztzs.com, the contents of the test report are as follows:

[0090]

[0091] The test report shows that animal leather fiber bundles, yarns, etc. with nano-scale branches have very high antibacterial effects.

Claims

1. An animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches, characterized in that: The invention comprises an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches, wherein the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches comprises an animal leather fiber main body, the animal leather fiber main body is a spinnable animal leather fiber main body, and has branches and nano-scale branches on the animal leather fiber main body, wherein the animal leather fiber main body, branches and nano-scale branches are interlaced with each other and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement; the nano-scale branches comprise nano-scale branches with a diameter of less than 200 nm; the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and its branches are interlaced, entangled and twisted with adjacent animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches and their branches by twisting to form a mesh structure arranged along the longitudinal arrangement; the preparation process of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches comprises liquid defibration, opening and combing; the yarn of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches is used for making one of clothes, hats, shoes, socks, gloves, bedding and decorative materials.

2. The animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The animal leather fiber bundle yarn having nano-scale branches also includes other textile fibers mixed with the animal leather fiber bundle having nano-scale branches.

3. A core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches, comprising a core yarn, characterized in that: The core yarn is coated with a cortex formed by twisting an animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches. The animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes an animal leather fiber body, which is a spinnable animal leather fiber body with branches and nano-scale branches. The animal leather fiber body, branches and nano-scale branches are intertwined and twisted together along the longitudinal arrangement; the nano-scale branches include nano-scale branches with a diameter of less than 200nm; the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches and its branches are twisted to form a mesh structure arranged along the longitudinal arrangement by intertwining, entanglement and twisting with adjacent animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches and their branches through twisting; the preparation process of the animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches includes liquid defibration, opening and combing; the animal leather fiber bundle yarn with nano-scale branches is used to make one of clothes, hats, shoes, socks, gloves, bedding and decorative materials.

4. The core-spun yarn of animal leather fiber bundle with nano-scale branches according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cortex also includes other textile fibers mixed in addition to the animal leather fiber bundles with nano-scale branches.

5. The animal leather fiber bundle core-spun yarn with nano-scale branches according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core yarn is an elastic core yarn.

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