A biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasifier

Abstract

The present invention discloses a biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace, comprising an integrally formed furnace body, which includes a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area from top to bottom, an ignition inspection port is provided on the side wall of the thermal cracking area, a plurality of gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are evenly distributed at intervals in the oxidation area, the gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B both extend from the outside to the inside into the oxidation area, a carbon outlet area is provided below the carbon storage area, the carbon outlet area is connected to the bottom of the furnace body through a flange, a plurality of carbon outlet screws are provided in the carbon outlet area, and the drying area, the oxidation area, the reduction area, the cooling area, the carbon storage area and the outer sides of the gas collecting pipes A, the gas collecting pipes B and the gas collecting cooling pipe are all provided with interconnected cooling water jackets A. The present invention can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of the gasifier, thereby improving its gas production speed, reducing the consumption of fuel gas by cracking, improving the gas production amount and the uniformity and continuity of gas production, thereby improving the utilization rate of biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biomass fuel gas preparation equipment, in particular to a biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasifier. Background Art

[0002] The efficient conversion of biomass energy has become a major research topic in the energy field. At present, the main biomass energy conversion technologies include biomass gasification, liquefaction, solidification and direct combustion technologies, among which biomass gasification technology is an important means to achieve biomass energy conversion. Biomass gasification refers to the process in which biomass raw materials (straw, sawdust, firewood, etc.) are sent into a gasifier for cracking under anaerobic conditions after being pressed or simply crushed. The principle is that under certain thermodynamic conditions, with the help of part of the air or oxygen, water vapor, the biomass polymers undergo cracking, oxidation, reduction, and reforming reactions, and the tar associated with pyrolysis is further thermally cracked or catalytically cracked into small molecular hydrocarbons, such as a mixed gas containing CO, H2, and CH4, namely biomass fuel gas.

[0003] Biomass gasifier is a special stove that uses combustion and cracking to convert biomass straw into biomass combustible gas, wood vinegar, and wood tar. The existing biomass gasifier has the following main technical problems during use: (1) low catalytic efficiency and slow gas production speed, which increases the consumption of gas by cracking and seriously restricts the development of large-scale biomass gasifiers; (2) the raw material stacking density in the fuel bin is too low, resulting in uneven gas production and low gas production, which reduces the utilization rate of biomass raw materials; (3) it is difficult to achieve continuous gas production, and the thermal efficiency is low during the working process, resulting in high energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a biomass gasifier that can be fed once, can burn continuously, and can produce gas continuously. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace that can continuously produce gas, significantly increase gas production, and simultaneously reduce energy consumption and improve thermal efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal-gas cogeneration gasification furnace, including an integrally formed furnace body, the furnace body is supported on the ground by a bracket, an oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body, and a feeding port and an observation hole are provided on the top of the furnace body, the furnace body includes a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a charcoal storage area from top to bottom, and a smoke guide plate is provided in the middle of the raw material area through reinforcing ribs; an ignition inspection port is provided on the side wall of the thermal cracking zone, and a quick-opening door is provided on the ignition inspection port, and a plurality of gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are evenly distributed in the oxidation zone, and the gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B extend from the outside to the inside into the oxidation zone, and the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are respectively provided with a carbon-blocking gas collecting plate A and a carbon-blocking gas collecting plate B, and the tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A and gas collecting pipes B are respectively connected to the gas belt provided at the lower part of the furnace body through a gas collecting cooling pipe. A gas outlet is provided on the upper part of the side of the gas belt, and a coke outlet bucket is provided on the bottom; a coke outlet area is provided below the coke storage area, and the coke outlet area is connected to the bottom of the furnace body through a flange plate, and a plurality of coke outlet augers are provided in the coke outlet area, and a coke discharge augers box is provided below the tail end of the coke discharge augers, and a coke discharge augers box is provided at the tail end of the coke discharge augers, and a coke discharge port is provided at the tail end of the coke discharge augers box, and an augers shaft is rotatably provided in the coke discharge augers box, and one end of the coke discharge augers and the augers shaft are respectively connected to the output shaft of the motor, and an augers blade is provided on the augers shaft; a cooling water jacket B is provided outside the coke outlet area, and a cooling water inlet B is provided on one side of the cooling water jacket B, and a cooling water outlet B is provided on the other side, and the drying area, oxidation area, reduction area, cooling area, coke storage area and the outer sides of the gas collecting pipe A, gas collecting pipe B and gas collecting cooling pipe are all provided with cooling water jackets A that are connected to each other, and the cooling water inlet A of the cooling water jacket A is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, and the cooling water outlet A is close to the drying area.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of evenly distributed cooling water pipes A and cooling water pipes B are respectively provided in the oxidation zone, the reduction zone and the carbon storage zone, and both ends of the cooling water pipes A and cooling water pipes B are connected to the cooling water jacket A.

[0007] Furthermore, the cooling water jacket A forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the air collecting pipe B through a plurality of cooling water pipes C.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom end of the cooling water pipe B is connected to the cooling water jacket A through a cooling pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A and B are both provided with temperature sensors, and the gas collecting cooling pipes are provided with control valves.

[0010] Furthermore, a water injection port is provided in the middle of the side of the gas belt, a liquid level gauge is provided at the lower part of the side, a through hole is provided on the connecting plate between the coke discharge bucket and the gas belt, a coke discharge port is provided at the bottom of the coke discharge bucket, and a slag cleaning port is provided on the side.

[0011] Furthermore, a spray port is provided on the carbon removal auger box, and the auger blades are distributed at intervals and fixedly connected to the auger shaft. During operation, carbon powder will form gas-blocking carbon between adjacent auger blades.

[0012] Furthermore, the reduction zone is provided with an inspection port, and a smoke-blocking valve is provided in the middle of the oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the charcoal discharge auger is a bidirectional auger, and charcoal discharge auger boxes are provided at both end outlets thereof.

[0014] Furthermore, a working platform is fixedly arranged outside the reduction zone and the oxidation zone, and a staircase in contact with the ground is arranged on the side of the working platform.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention adopts an integrally formed furnace body, and divides the furnace body from top to bottom into a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area according to functional differences. The top of the raw material area is provided with a feeding port, which can realize a large amount of feeding at one time or continuous feeding, laying a foundation for the continuous operation of the gasifier; the drying area uses the rising hot air flow generated by the thermal cracking area to further dry the raw material, reduce its water content, improve its thermal efficiency, and thus effectively improve its thermal cracking efficiency; the thermal cracking area is the core area of ​​the gasifier, and its main function is to use the thermodynamic principle to crack the ignited biomass raw material into biomass gas, tar, biomass carbon and other components; the main function of the oxidation zone is to use a gas collecting pipe to realize the maximum collection of biomass gas and other gas components such as gasified tar, and introduce them into the gas belt through the gas collecting cooling pipe for temporary storage; the reduction zone and the cooling zone use low temperature to cool the biomass carbon produced by cracking, so that it enters the carbon storage area for temporary storage after cooling. Therefore, the present invention can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of the gasifier, thereby increasing its gas production rate and reducing the consumption of fuel gas by cracking. In addition, the furnace body has a large space and few blocking components, which can effectively increase the stacking density of raw materials, increase the gas production volume and the uniformity and continuity of gas production, thereby improving the utilization rate of biomass raw materials. At the same time, it can significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the gasifier and reduce the energy consumption of gasification.

[0017] (2) The present invention is provided with interconnected cooling water jackets A in the drying area, oxidation area, reduction area, cooling area, carbon storage area and the outer sides of the gas collecting pipe A, gas collecting pipe B and gas collecting cooling pipe of the furnace body, which can not only effectively reduce the temperature of the furnace body and the gas collecting pipe and extend their service life, but also effectively improve the condensation efficiency of steam such as wood tar and wood vinegar, so that they can be condensed to the maximum extent in the gas collecting pipe and the gas collecting cooling pipe and discharged through the coke outlet bucket at the bottom of the gas belt to enter the next processing step, which is of great significance to improving the purity of biomass fuel gas.

[0018] (3) The present invention has a charcoal discharge area connected to the lower part of the charcoal storage area by a flange plate. The charcoal discharge area is provided with a plurality of charcoal discharge augers and charcoal discharge augers boxes, thereby realizing the smooth discharge of biomass charcoal. Meanwhile, interconnected cooling water interlayers are provided between the charcoal discharge augers. The charcoal discharge augers are cooled by the cooling water interlayers, thereby effectively preventing the high-temperature biomass charcoal in the charcoal storage area from damaging the augers after entering the charcoal discharge area, thereby extending the service life of the augers.

[0019] (4) The present invention cleverly utilizes the fluidity of cooling water in the cooling water pipes A and B by respectively arranging a plurality of evenly distributed cooling water pipes B and cooling water pipes A between the oxidation zone and the carbon storage zone, and between the reduction zone and the carbon storage zone, and both ends of which are connected to the cooling water jacket A. This can effectively reduce the temperature of the biomass carbon layer in the middle of the furnace body, thereby preventing the biomass carbon from damaging the carbon outlet mechanism below due to excessively high temperature.

[0020] (5) The present invention uses a plurality of cooling water pipes C to form a circulating cooling loop between the cooling water jacket A and the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B, which can further improve the condensation efficiency of steam such as wood tar and wood vinegar, thereby improving the cleanliness of the biomass gas.

[0021] (6) In the present invention, each gas collecting cooling pipe is provided with a control valve, through which the airflow size can be effectively adjusted, thereby effectively preventing the furnace from burning off, and ensuring the cracking uniformity of the thermal cracking zone and the gas collecting uniformity of the oxidation layer.

[0022] (7) The present invention provides a through hole on the connecting plate between the coke outlet bucket and the gas belt, which can effectively ensure that wood vinegar and wood tar can smoothly enter the coke outlet bucket, and can scrape off the wood tar and wood vinegar in the biomass gas, and can effectively filter other impurities, thereby improving the cleanliness.

[0023] (8) The present invention has a spray port on the charcoal discharge auger box, and uses the spray port to spray water to the biochar, which can not only further reduce the temperature of the biochar, but also increase the wetness of the biochar. The auger blades of the charcoal discharge auger box are distributed at intervals. During the charcoal discharge process, gas-blocking charcoal will be formed between adjacent auger blades, which can effectively prevent air from entering the furnace body from the charcoal discharge area and causing open flame combustion. In this process, moist biochar will be more conducive to the formation of gas-blocking charcoal.

[0024] (9) For large-tonnage furnace bodies, the charcoal discharge dragon of the present invention can use a bidirectional auger, and charcoal discharge auger boxes are set at the outlets at both ends, which helps to improve the discharge efficiency of biomass charcoal; at the same time, for large-tonnage furnace bodies, the number of its gas collecting pipes will inevitably increase, and the number of cooling water pipes B set in the drying area and the cooling area will also increase. In order to facilitate the setting and ensure the cooling water circulation effect, the tail ends of all cooling water pipes B can be connected to the cooling water jacket A through cooling water pipes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Left view of .

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 Top view of the cross section of the middle oxidation zone.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of cooling water pipe A, cooling water pipe B and cooling pipes in a large-tonnage furnace body of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. furnace body, 2. observation hole, 3. oxygen-blocking exhaust pipe, 4. smoke-blocking air valve, 5. charging port, 6. smoke guide plate, 7. cooling water jacket A, 8. quick-opening door, 9. ignition inspection port, 10. gas collecting pipe A, 11. inspection port, 12. gas collecting cooling pipe, 13. gas outlet, 14. control valve, 15. gas belt, 16. slag cleaning port, 17. coke outlet bucket, 18. coke outlet, 19. cooling water inlet A, 20. coke outlet area, 21. bracket, 22. cooling water inlet B, 23. coke outlet auger, 24. coke outlet auger box , 25. Auger shaft, 26. Auger blade, 27. Cooling water outlet B, 28. Gas blocking charcoal, 29. Charcoal discharge port, 30. Stairs, 31. Spray port, 32. Cooling water pipe A, 33. Working platform, 34. Temperature sensor, 35. Carbon blocking and gas collecting plate A, 36. Refractory layer, 37. Cooling water pipe B, 38. Motor, 39. Cooling water pipe C, 40. Gas collecting pipe B, 41. Carbon blocking and gas collecting plate B, 42. Cooling water outlet A, 43. Cooling pipe, 44. Water injection port, 45. Liquid level meter, 46. Cooling water jacket B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 A biomass thermal cracking water-cooled charcoal-gas cogeneration gasification furnace shown in 3 and 4 comprises an integrally formed furnace body 1, the furnace body 1 is supported on the ground by a bracket 21, an oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body 1, and a feeding port 5 and an observation hole 2 are provided on the top of the furnace body 1, the furnace body 1 comprises a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a charcoal storage area from top to bottom, a smoke guide plate 6 is provided in the middle of the raw material area through reinforcing ribs; an ignition inspection port 9 is provided on the side wall of the thermal cracking area, the ignition A quick-opening door 8 is provided on the inspection port 9. A plurality of gas collecting pipes A10 and gas collecting pipes B40 are evenly distributed at intervals in the oxidation zone. The gas collecting pipes A10 and B40 extend into the oxidation zone from the outside to the inside, and the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A10 and B40 are respectively provided with a carbon-blocking gas collecting plate A35 and a carbon-blocking gas collecting plate B41. The tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A10 and B40 are respectively connected to the gas belt 15 provided at the lower part of the furnace body 1 through the gas collecting cooling pipe 12. The upper part of the side of the gas belt 15 is provided with an outlet 1 3. A coke discharge bucket 17 is provided at the bottom; a coke discharge area 20 is provided below the coke storage area, and the coke discharge area 20 is connected to the bottom of the furnace body 1 through a flange plate. A plurality of coke discharge augers 23 are provided in the coke discharge area 20, and a coke discharge augers box 24 is provided below the tail end of the coke discharge augers 23. A coke discharge port 29 is provided at the tail end of the coke discharge augers box 24, and an augers shaft 25 is rotatably provided in the augers box 24. One end of the coke discharge augers 23 and the augers shaft 25 are respectively connected to the output shaft of the motor 38, and the augers shaft 25 is provided with a An auger blade 26 is provided; a cooling water jacket B46 is provided outside the carbon discharge zone 20, a cooling water inlet B22 is provided on one side of the cooling water jacket B46, and a cooling water outlet B27 is provided on the other side; the drying zone, oxidation zone, reduction zone, cooling zone, carbon storage zone and the outer sides of the gas collecting pipe A10, gas collecting pipe B40 and gas collecting cooling pipe 12 are all provided with cooling water jackets A7 which are interconnected; the cooling water inlet A19 of the cooling water jacket A7 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the cooling water outlet A42 is close to the drying zone.

[0032] In order to reduce the temperature of the biochar layer in the middle of the furnace body and prevent the biochar from damaging the charcoal discharge mechanism below due to excessive temperature, a number of evenly distributed cooling water pipes A32 and cooling water pipes B37 are respectively arranged in the oxidation zone, reduction zone and charcoal storage zone. Both ends of the cooling water pipes A32 and B37 are connected to the cooling water jacket A7.

[0033] In order to further improve the condensation efficiency of wood tar, wood vinegar and other vapors, and thus improve the cleanliness of biomass gas, the cooling water jacket A7 forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the gas collecting pipe B40 through a plurality of cooling water pipes C39.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, for a large-tonnage furnace body, the number of its gas collecting pipes will inevitably increase, and the number of cooling water pipes B37 arranged between the drying zone and the cooling zone will also increase. In order to facilitate the setting and ensure the cooling water circulation effect, the bottom end of the cooling water pipe B37 is connected to the cooling water jacket A7 through the cooling pipe 43.

[0035] In order to detect the temperature of the gas in the gas collecting pipe A10 and the gas collecting pipe B40 in real time, a temperature sensor 34 is installed at the tail end of the gas collecting pipe A10 and the gas collecting pipe B40. In order to achieve reasonable adjustment of the air flow size in the gas collecting cooling pipe 12 and prevent the furnace from burning unevenly, a control valve 14 is installed on the gas collecting cooling pipe 12.

[0036] In order to achieve the washing of biomass gas, a water injection port 44 is opened in the middle of the side of the gas belt 15, and in order to understand the liquid level height in the gas belt 15 in real time, a liquid level gauge 45 is arranged at the lower part of the side thereof. In order to ensure that wood tar and wood vinegar flow smoothly into the coke outlet hopper 17, and in order to achieve the scraping of wood tar and wood vinegar in the biomass gas, a through hole is opened on the connecting plate between the coke outlet hopper 17 and the gas belt 15, and a coke outlet port 18 is opened at the bottom of the coke outlet hopper 17. In order to facilitate slag cleaning, a slag cleaning port 16 is opened on the side of the coke outlet hopper 17.

[0037] In order to further reduce the temperature of the biochar and increase the wettability of the biochar, a spray port 31 is provided on the charcoal discharge auger box 24. In order to prevent air from entering the furnace body 1 from the charcoal discharge area, the auger blades 26 are distributed at intervals and fixedly connected to the auger shaft 25. During operation, the charcoal powder will form air-blocking charcoal 28 between adjacent auger blades 26.

[0038] For a large-tonnage furnace, in order to improve the charcoal discharge efficiency, the charcoal discharge auger 23 is a bidirectional auger, and charcoal discharge auger boxes 24 are provided at both ends of the outlet.

[0039] In order to facilitate ignition and observation of the situation inside the furnace, an inspection port 11 is opened in the reduction zone, a working platform 33 is fixedly set outside the reduction zone and the oxidation zone, and a staircase 30 in contact with the ground is set on the side of the working platform 33. In order to minimize the entry of air into the furnace body 1, a smoke valve 4 is set in the middle of the oxygen-blocking exhaust pipe 3.

[0040] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] Before work, first connect the air outlet 13 to the air inlet of the biomass gas purification system through an induced draft fan or a Roots blower, and connect the cooling water inlet A19 and the cooling water inlet B22 to the water outlet of the cooling water tank, and connect the cooling water outlet A42 and the cooling water outlet B27 to the return water end of the cooling water tank. At the same time, connect a water pipe to the spray port 31, and fill the cooling water jacket A and the cooling water interlayer of the coke discharge area with cooling water; ensure that the slag cleaning port 16 and the coke discharge port 18 are in a closed state, connect the water injection port 44 to the tap water pipe, and inject water into the air belt 15. After the water enters the air belt 15, it will penetrate downward through the through hole and fill the coke discharge bucket 17 , and gradually fill up the gas belt 15, and stop injecting water when the water level is higher than the connection between the gas collecting cooling pipe 12 and the gas belt 15 observed by the liquid level meter 45; use an automatic feeding system or a manual method to feed the biochar into the furnace body 1 from the feeding port 5, and check the height of the biochar through the observation port 2 and the inspection port 11 during this process, and stop when the areas below the oxidation zone (reduction zone, cooling zone and carbon storage zone) are all full of biochar, and add the pre-treated biomass raw materials (the feeding method and path are the same as the biomass charcoal addition method) until the biomass raw materials fill the oxidation zone, thermal cracking zone, drying zone and raw material zone from bottom to top in sequence, and then stop feeding.

[0042] At this time, the induced draft fan or Roots blower is turned on, and a small amount of air is drawn into the furnace body 1 from the feeding port 5 and the oxygen-blocking exhaust pipe 3. The ignition is ignited at the ignition inspection port 9 by manual or automatic ignition. After ignition, the quick-opening door 8 at the ignition inspection port 9 is closed. At this time, the biomass raw materials in the thermal cracking zone will be cracked under the thermodynamic action of the oxygen-deficient environment to produce biomass gas, wood tar, wood vinegar, etc., and the wood tar, wood vinegar, etc. will also evaporate into gas under the high temperature generated by continuous combustion. Due to the continuous operation of the induced draft fan or Roots blower, the mixed gas of biomass gas and other gases will enter the gas collecting pipe A10 and the gas collecting pipe B4 from the carbon-blocking gas collecting plate A35 and the carbon-blocking gas collecting plate B41 respectively. 0, and flows into the air belt 15 from the corresponding air collecting cooling pipe 12. After the mixed gas enters the air belt 15, the gas components will flow upward. During the flow process, the water in the air belt 15 will wash the carbon powder and ash contained therein. In this process and after the mixed gas enters the air belt 15, the mixed gas is affected by the low temperature of the air collecting pipe A10, the air collecting pipe B40, the air collecting cooling pipe 12 and the cooling water jacket A7 outside the air belt 15, so that the wood vinegar, wood tar and other gases in the mixed gas are condensed into a liquid state. Therefore, after the mixed gas enters the air belt 15, the wood vinegar, wood tar and other liquids will enter the coke outlet hopper 17 through the filter plate, while the biomass gas and possible mixed gas will be discharged from the coke outlet hopper 17. Some other gases (including some uncondensed wood tar and wood vinegar vapor) will flow into the biomass gas purification system for purification under the action of the induced draft fan or the Roots blower; in this process, along with the continuous cracking of biomass straw and the continuous output of biomass gas, biochar will also be continuously produced. After a short stay in the charcoal storage area, the biochar will enter the charcoal discharge area under the action of gravity. It only needs to turn on the drive motor of the charcoal discharge auger 23 and the control motor 38 of the charcoal discharge auger box 24 to continuously discharge the biochar added before production and the biochar produced by subsequent cracking. In this process, the cooling water interlayer distributed around the charcoal discharge auger 23 will cool the biochar, and at the same time After the biochar enters the carbon discharge winch box 24, water will be sprayed into the biochar when passing through the spray port 31 to increase its humidity. The moist biochar will form dense gas-blocking carbon 28 in the empty area between adjacent auger blades 26 during the continuous discharge of the biochar. As the biochar is continuously discharged, the gas-blocking carbon 28 will also be updated in turn, that is, the originally stacked gas-blocking carbon will be discharged and collected from the carbon discharge port 29. In order to ensure continuous gas production, in the above process, an automatic feeding system or manual method can be used to continuously feed the biological raw materials into the furnace body 1 from the feeding port 5. If it is necessary to stop gas production, stop feeding, and at the same time close the feeding port 5 and the smoke-blocking air valve 4 to seal the furnace.

[0043] During the entire production process, the cooling water jacket A7, cooling water pipe A32, cooling water pipe B37 and cooling water pipe C39 will cool the furnace body 1 wall and the internal biomass charcoal layer, and the heat generated by the oxygen-deficient combustion in the thermal cracking zone will also dry the upper layer of raw materials to improve its combustion efficiency.

[0044] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis water-cooled charcoal-gas cogeneration gasification furnace, comprising an integrally formed furnace body (1), the furnace body (1) being supported on the ground by a bracket (21), an oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe (3) being fixedly connected to the top of the furnace body (1), and a feed port (5) and an observation hole (2) being provided on the top of the furnace body (1), characterized in that: The furnace body (1) includes, from top to bottom, a raw material area, a drying area, a thermal cracking area, an oxidation area, a reduction area, a cooling area and a carbon storage area. A smoke guide plate (6) is provided in the middle of the raw material area through reinforcing ribs. An ignition inspection port (9) is provided on the side wall of the thermal cracking area. A quick-opening door (8) is provided on the ignition inspection port (9). A plurality of gas collecting pipes A (10) and gas collecting pipes B (40) are evenly distributed at intervals in the oxidation area. The gas collecting pipes A (10) and gas collecting pipes B (40) extend from the outside to the inside into the oxidation area, and the head ends of the gas collecting pipes A (10) and gas collecting pipes B (40) are respectively A carbon blocking gas collecting plate A (35) and a carbon blocking gas collecting plate B (41) are respectively provided. The tail ends of the gas collecting pipes A (10) and the gas collecting pipes B (40) are respectively connected to a gas belt (15) provided at the lower part of the furnace body (1) through a gas collecting cooling pipe (12). An air outlet (13) is provided at the upper part of the side of the gas belt (15), and a coke outlet bucket (17) is provided at the bottom. A water injection port (44) is provided at the middle part of the side of the gas belt (15), and a liquid level gauge (45) is provided at the lower part of the side. A through hole is provided on the connecting plate between the coke outlet bucket (17) and the gas belt (15); below the carbon storage area A charcoal discharge area (20) is provided, the charcoal discharge area (20) being connected to the bottom of the furnace body (1) via a flange plate, a plurality of charcoal discharge augers (23) being provided in the charcoal discharge area (20), a charcoal discharge augers box (24) being provided below the tail end of the charcoal discharge augers (23), a charcoal discharge augers box (24) being provided at the tail end of the charcoal discharge augers box (24) being provided with a charcoal discharge port (29), and an augers shaft (25) being rotatably provided in the charcoal discharge augers box (24), one end of the charcoal discharge augers (23) and the augers shaft (25) being respectively connected to the output shaft of the motor (38), and an augers blade (26) being provided on the augers shaft (25) A cooling water jacket B (46) is provided outside the carbon discharge zone (20), a cooling water inlet B (22) is provided on one side of the cooling water jacket B (46), and a cooling water outlet B (27) is provided on the other side; the drying zone, oxidation zone, reduction zone, cooling zone, carbon storage zone and the outer sides of the gas collecting pipe A (10), the gas collecting pipe B (40), and the gas collecting cooling pipe (12) are all provided with cooling water jackets A (7) that are interconnected; the cooling water inlet A (19) of the cooling water jacket A (7) is provided at the bottom of the furnace body (1), and the cooling water outlet A (42) is close to the drying zone.

2. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of evenly distributed cooling water pipes A (32) and cooling water pipes B (37) are respectively provided in the oxidation zone, the reduction zone and the carbon storage zone, and both ends of the cooling water pipes A (32) and cooling water pipes B (37) are connected to the cooling water jacket A (7).

3. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling water jacket A (7) forms a cooling cycle with the outer side of the air collecting pipe B (40) through a plurality of cooling water pipes C (39).

4. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cooling water pipe B (37) is connected to the cooling water jacket A (7) through a cooling pipe (43).

5. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail ends of the gas collecting pipe A (10) and the gas collecting pipe B (40) are both provided with temperature sensors (34), and the gas collecting cooling pipe (12) is provided with a control valve (14).

6. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coke discharge bucket (17) has a coke discharge port (18) at the bottom and a slag removal port (16) at the side.

7. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon removal auger box (24) is provided with a spray port (31), and the auger blades (26) are distributed at intervals and fixedly connected to the auger shaft (25). During operation, carbon powder forms gas-blocking carbon (28) between adjacent auger blades (26).

8. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction zone is provided with an inspection port (11), and a smoke-blocking valve (4) is provided in the middle of the oxygen-blocking smoke exhaust pipe (3).

9. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charcoal discharge auger (23) is a bidirectional auger, and charcoal discharge auger boxes (24) are provided at outlets at both ends thereof.

10. The biomass thermal cracking water-cooled carbon-gas cogeneration gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working platform (33) is fixedly arranged outside the reduction zone and the oxidation zone, and a staircase (30) in contact with the ground is arranged on the side of the working platform (33).

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