Experimental device and method for testing the effectiveness of individual dust-proof respirators

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device and method for testing the effectiveness of an individual dust-proof respirator, which relates to the technical field of pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment. The experimental device includes two animal experimental chambers, a connecting pipe, and a humanoid breathing simulator; the two animal experimental chambers are respectively a first experimental chamber and a second experimental chamber, and a dust-generating system is arranged in the first experimental chamber; an individual dust-proof respirator filter material is arranged in the connecting pipe, which is used to filter the dust-containing airflow flowing through the connecting pipe. The present invention can more accurately and intuitively display the impact of dust on the lung health of mice and the dust-proof effect of the individual dust-proof respirator. The experimental results are presented by comparing the anatomy and pathological sections of the lungs of mice, which has a strong visual impact on people and has a greater warning effect; at the same time, in the experimental process, based on the fact that human breathing is more similar to a sine wave circulation flow, the humanoid breathing simulator technology is used to accurately simulate the breathing of workers during operation, and the experimental results are more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment, and in particular to an experimental device and method for testing the effectiveness of an individual dust-proof respirator. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industry, dust-generating workplaces and positions in industries such as engineering construction, gold mining, quartz processing and gem processing continue to emerge, and the number of people exposed to dust has greatly increased. However, some business operators ignore labor hygiene management and invest very little in protection funds, resulting in a poor working environment and severe dust occupational hazards. Among them, coal mining enterprises are the most serious dust hazards. There is a high-concentration dust environment with dust concentrations that seriously exceed occupational health standards. The respiratory protection problem of dust-exposed workers is more prominent and acute.

[0003] According to the report "Typical Investigation and Analysis of the Current Status of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control in Coal Mines in China", the average total dust concentration at the coal mining face of local state-owned coal mines in my country is 64 mg / m 3 , exceeding the standard by 10.7 times, with the highest exceeding the standard by 56 times; the average respirable dust concentration at the coal mining face was 16 mg / m 3 , exceeding the standard by 4.6 times, and the highest exceeding the standard by 9.3 times.

[0004] Faced with such a harsh dusty working environment, although there are many dust reduction measures, it is still difficult to effectively reduce the dust concentration to below the national standard in deep mine excavation working faces. For example, wet operation can reduce the dust concentration by 5 times, but it is still far beyond the occupational health standard. Therefore, with the continuous increase in the depth, intensity and scale of coal mining, the amount of mine dust generated is also increasing, especially the respiratory dust is showing a significant upward trend. Long-term inhalation of high concentrations of respiratory dust by workers can lead to pneumoconiosis. The number of deaths from pneumoconiosis each year has exceeded the total number of deaths from coal mine accidents. According to the national occupational disease report statistics of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, there were 229,293 cases of occupational diseases in the country from 2010 to 2017, of which 202,819 cases were pneumoconiosis, accounting for 88.45% of the total number of occupational diseases.

[0005] When engineering measures are difficult to effectively reduce dust concentrations to below national standards, wearing individual dust respirators becomes the last line of defense to protect workers. Respiratory protection is an effective measure to reduce dust exposure levels and can greatly reduce workers' dust exposure concentrations. However, wearing a dust respirator at work will produce varying degrees of resistance, and the resistance of the dust respirator will continue to increase with the accumulation of dust. Excessive resistance can make people feel stuffy and fatigued. As a result, in actual work, workers are often reluctant to wear respiratory protective equipment, thinking that it is troublesome to wear, uncomfortable to wear, inconvenient to work after wearing, and that it doesn't matter whether to wear it or not. Even when it is mandatory to wear protective masks, workers are still reluctant to wear masks. In existing studies, there is a lack of scientific experiments to prove that wearing individual dust respirators can effectively prevent the occurrence of pneumoconiosis. In response to this problem, it is necessary to design a set of scientific and rigorous experimental devices to prove that wearing individual dust respirators can effectively prevent the onset of pneumoconiosis. Summary of the invention

[0006] According to the purpose of the present invention, an individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test experimental device is proposed, comprising two animal experimental chambers for placing and feeding experimental mice, a connecting pipe for connecting the two animal experimental chambers, and a humanoid breathing simulator connected to the connecting pipe for realizing air exchange inside the two animal experimental chambers; the two animal experimental chambers are respectively a first experimental chamber and a second experimental chamber, and the first experimental chamber is provided with a dust-generating system for simulating dust in industrial sites; the connecting pipe is provided with an individual dust-proof respirator filter material for filtering the dust-containing airflow flowing from the first experimental chamber to the second experimental chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the dust generating system includes a dust generator disposed on the top of the first experimental chamber and four fans disposed at the four corners of the first experimental chamber for making the dust evenly suspended in the first experimental chamber. The dust generator is provided with a regulating valve for adjusting the amount of dust generated.

[0008] Preferably, the individual dust-proof respirator filter material is arranged at one end of the connecting pipe close to the second experimental chamber, and is located downwind of the humanoid breathing simulator. Under the suction action of the humanoid breathing simulator, the dust-containing air flows from the first experimental chamber through the filtration of the individual dust-proof respirator filter material and enters the second experimental chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the experimental device further comprises two particle counters respectively placed in the two experimental chambers and used for monitoring the dust concentration in the corresponding experimental chambers.

[0010] The present invention further discloses an experimental method for performing an individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test using the above-mentioned individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Build the experimental device and place the same number of healthy mice with similar life forms in two animal experimental chambers, and provide sufficient food and water.

[0012] Step 2: Turn on the dust generator and the fan in the first experimental chamber to evenly distribute the high-concentration dust in the first experimental chamber.

[0013] Step 3: Adjust the regulating valve on the dust generator and observe the particle counter reading in the first experimental chamber to ensure that the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber meets the experimental requirements and remains uniform and constant.

[0014] Step 4: Turn on the humanoid breathing simulator, set the required breathing parameters, and filter the dust-containing air in the first experimental chamber through the filter material of the individual dust-proof respirator and then inhale it into the second experimental chamber to simulate the dust filtration process of the human body wearing a respirator, and record the particle counter reading in the second experimental chamber.

[0015] Step 5: After a specific experimental cycle, randomly select one mouse from each of the two experimental chambers, perform lung dissection and pathological section experiments on the mice, and observe and record the lung dissection and pathological section conditions of the mice in the two experimental chambers.

[0016] Preferably, the specific experimental periods in step five are three months, six months, one year, two years and three years, respectively, and the number of mice in the two animal experimental chambers is five.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test device and method disclosed in the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The present invention conducts a respiratory protection experiment by placing mice with similar life forms in a high dust concentration space and a dustproof space isolated by a respirator filter. After a specific experimental period, the lungs of the corresponding mice are dissected and pathologically sliced ​​to present the experimental results. This can more accurately and intuitively show the impact of dust on the lung health of mice and the dustproof effect of individual dust-proof respirators, causing a strong visual impact on people and having a greater warning effect.

[0019] (2) The present invention is based on the fact that human breathing is more similar to a sine wave circulation flow. By utilizing human breathing simulation technology, the breathing of workers during operation can be accurately simulated. The experimental results can well reflect the actual situation of the human body when wearing a respirator, which is of great significance to the verification research of the protective effectiveness of the respirator.

[0020] (3) The dust generator of the present invention is provided with a regulating valve for adjusting the amount of dust generated. The regulating valve can be used to adjust different dust amounts to simulate the impact of air pollution conditions on workers in different workplaces, and the experimental results are more comprehensive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device for testing the effectiveness of an individual dust-proof respirator disclosed in the present invention.

[0023] The numbers or letters in the figure represent the names of the parts:

[0024] 1-first experimental chamber; 2-second experimental chamber; 3-drinking water; 4-white mice; 5-fan; 6-dust generator; 7-regulating valve; 8-human breathing simulator; 9-connecting pipe; 10-individual dust respirator filter material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific implementation of the present invention is briefly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 A preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown and its structure is analyzed in detail.

[0027] like Figure 1 The individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device shown includes two animal experimental chambers for placing and feeding experimental mice 4, a connecting pipe 9 for connecting the two animal experimental chambers, and a humanoid breathing simulator 8 connected to the connecting pipe 9 for realizing air exchange inside the two animal experimental chambers.

[0028] Both animal experiment chambers are transparent cubic chambers suitable for animal culture experiments, namely the first experiment chamber 1 and the second experiment chamber 2. The first experiment chamber 1 is provided with a dust generating system for simulating dust in industrial sites. The dust generating system includes a dust generator 6 disposed on the top of the first experiment chamber 1 and four fans 5 disposed at the four corners of the first experiment chamber 1 for evenly suspending dust in the first experiment chamber 1. The dust generator 6 is provided with a regulating valve 7 for adjusting the amount of dust generated. The dust generator 6 selected in the present invention is a PIVTEC PIVsolid8 dust aerosol generator.

[0029] An individual dust-proof respirator filter material 10 is arranged inside the connecting tube 9, and is used to filter the dust-containing airflow flowing from the first experimental chamber 1 to the second experimental chamber 2. Specifically, the individual dust-proof respirator filter material 10 is arranged at one end of the connecting tube 9 close to the second experimental chamber 2, and is located downwind of the humanoid breathing simulator 8. Under the suction action of the humanoid breathing simulator 8, the dust-containing air flows from the first experimental chamber 1 through the individual dust-proof respirator filter material 10 and enters the second experimental chamber 2 after being filtered. The individual dust-proof respirator filter material 10 selected in the invention is based on GB 2626-2006 "Respiratory Protective Equipment-Self-priming Filter Anti-particle Respirator", which has a high efficiency in filtering ultrafine particles and is the most widely used respirator filter material on the market.

[0030] The humanoid breathing simulator 8 is connected to the connecting pipe 9 through a three-way valve, one end of which is connected to the humanoid breathing simulator 8, and the other two ends are respectively connected to the connecting pipe 9. The humanoid breathing simulator 8 adopts the 1101 type humanoid breathing simulator produced by Hans Rudolph Company of the United States.

[0031] Furthermore, the experimental device also includes two particle counters placed in the two experimental chambers respectively for monitoring the dust concentration in the corresponding experimental chambers. During the experiment, the regulating valve 7 on the dust generator 6 is adjusted according to the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber 1 monitored by the particle counter.

[0032] The present invention further discloses an experimental method for performing an individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test using the above-mentioned individual dust-proof respirator effectiveness test experimental device, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Build the experimental device and place five healthy mice of the same number and similar life form in two animal experimental chambers, and provide sufficient food and water.

[0034] Step 2: Turn on the dust generator 6 and the fan 5 in the first experimental chamber 1 to generate coal dust or silicon dioxide particles with a particle size range of 0-200 μm, and evenly distribute them in the first experimental chamber 1.

[0035] Step 3: After the instrument is turned on for 15 minutes, the concentration of coal dust or silica particles in the environment can reach a stable state and meet the counting requirements. By observing the particle counter reading in the first experimental chamber 1, after the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber 1 reaches the experimental requirements, adjust the regulating valve 7 on the dust generator 6 to reduce the dust generation.

[0036] Step 4: Turn on the humanoid breathing simulator 8, and inhale the dust-containing air in the first experimental chamber 1 into the second experimental chamber 2 through the filtration of the individual dust-proof respirator filter material 10, simulating the dust filtration process of a human body wearing an individual dust-proof respirator. At this time, the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber 1 is always maintained at a relatively stable value, that is, the dust production per second and the dust loss in the first experimental chamber 1 reach a dynamic equilibrium state. At this time, the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber 1 = (dust production - loss) / first experimental chamber space volume.

[0037] Step 5: When the experiment is carried out for three months, six months, one year, two years and three years, one mouse 4 is randomly selected from each of the two experimental chambers, and lung dissection and pathological section experiments are performed on the mouse 4, and the lung dissection and pathological section conditions of the mouse 4 in the two experimental chambers are observed and recorded. By comparing the lung health conditions of the mouse 4, it can be proved that wearing an individual dust respirator can effectively reduce dust hazards and prevent the onset of pneumoconiosis, thereby achieving the purpose of verifying the effectiveness of the individual dust respirator.

[0038] In summary, the present invention discloses an individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device, which can more accurately and intuitively display the impact of dust on the lung health of mice and the dust-proof effect of individual dust respirators. The experimental results are presented through the dissection and pathological sections of the lungs of mice, which have a strong visual impact on people and have a greater warning effect. At the same time, during the experiment, the breathing of the human body is more similar to a sine wave circulation flow. By utilizing the human breathing simulator technology, the breathing of workers during work is accurately simulated, and the experimental results are more accurate. In addition, the dust generator is provided with a regulating valve for adjusting the amount of dust produced. Different dust production amounts can be adjusted by the regulating valve to simulate the impact of air pollution conditions on workers in different workplaces, and the experimental results are more comprehensive.

[0039] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An experimental device for testing the effectiveness of an individual dust respirator, characterized in that: The invention comprises two animal experiment chambers for placing and feeding experimental mice (4), a connecting pipe (9) for connecting the two animal experiment chambers, and a humanoid breathing simulator (8) connected to the connecting pipe (9) for realizing air exchange inside the two animal experiment chambers; the two animal experiment chambers are respectively a first experiment chamber (1) and a second experiment chamber (2); the first experiment chamber (1) is provided with a dust generating system for simulating dust in industrial sites; the connecting pipe (9) is provided with an individual dust-proof respirator filter material (10) for filtering the dust-containing airflow flowing from the first experiment chamber (1) to the second experiment chamber (2); the two animal experiment chambers are both transparent cubic chambers.

2. The individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dust generating system comprises a dust generator (6) arranged at the top of the first experimental chamber (1) and four fans (5) arranged at four corners inside the first experimental chamber (1) for making the dust evenly suspended in the first experimental chamber (1); the dust generator (6) is provided with a regulating valve (7) for adjusting the amount of dust generated.

3. The individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The individual dust-proof respirator filter material (10) is arranged at one end of the connecting pipe (9) close to the second experimental chamber (2) and is located downwind of the humanoid breathing simulator (8). Under the suction action of the humanoid breathing simulator (8), the dust-containing air flows from the first experimental chamber (1) through the filtration of the individual dust-proof respirator filter material (10) and enters the second experimental chamber (2).

4. The individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental device also includes two particle counters respectively placed in the two experimental chambers and used for monitoring the dust concentration in the corresponding experimental chambers.

5. An experimental method for performing an individual dust respirator effectiveness test using the individual dust respirator effectiveness test experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Set up an experimental device and place a number of healthy mice (4) of the same number and similar life form in two animal experimental chambers, and provide them with sufficient water (3); Step 2: Turn on the dust generator (6) and the fan (5) in the first experimental chamber (1) to evenly distribute the high-concentration dust in the first experimental chamber (1); Step 3: Adjust the regulating valve (7) on the dust generator (6) and observe the particle counter reading in the first experimental chamber (1) so that the dust concentration in the first experimental chamber (1) meets the experimental requirements and remains uniform and constant; Step 4: Turn on the humanoid breathing simulator (8), set the required breathing parameters, and filter the dust-containing air in the first experimental chamber (1) through the filter material (10) of the individual dust-proof respirator and then inhale it into the second experimental chamber (2), simulating the dust filtering process of a human body wearing a respirator, and record the particle counter reading in the second experimental chamber (2); Step 5: After a specific experimental cycle, randomly select one mouse (4) from each of the two experimental chambers, perform lung dissection and pathological section experiments on the mouse (4), and observe and record the lung dissection and pathological section conditions of the mice (4) in the two experimental chambers.

6. The experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific experimental periods in step 5 are three months, six months, one year, two years and three years respectively, and the number of mice (4) in the two animal experimental chambers is five.

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